Anti-loosening fastening structure and mechanical equipment

Abstract

The present invention provides a loosening prevention fastening structure and a mechanical device. The loosening prevention fastening structure is applied to the loosening prevention fastening between multiple mechanical parts. The loosening prevention fastening structure includes: a plurality of bolts and a plurality of gaskets. Among them, each bolt of the plurality of bolts penetrates through the multiple mechanical parts; the first gasket of the plurality of gaskets is sleeved on each bolt, so that the multiple mechanical parts are located between the limiting end of each bolt and the first gasket; wherein, the surface of the first gasket facing away from the multiple mechanical parts has a radially inclined tooth surface for achieving the effect of loosening prevention fastening. Through the loosening prevention fastening structure of the embodiment of the present invention, the loosening prevention fastening effect between multiple mechanical parts can be realized in a harsh working environment, and the number of locking and loosening times does not affect the loosening prevention performance. Among them, the locking effect is also affected by lubrication, and the installation and disassembly are easy to achieve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of mechanical technology, and particularly to a loosening prevention fastening structure and a mechanical device. Background Art

[0002] In the prior art, the anti-loosening methods of fasteners applied to mechanical connections mainly achieve anti-loosening effects by increasing friction and using mechanical methods such as thread deformation. However, the method of increasing friction for anti-loosening can only achieve short-term anti-loosening effects. For example, after a certain application time, spring washers, external tooth surface locking washers, etc. will have reduced anti-loosening effects due to factors such as vibration; in addition, using mechanical methods such as thread deformation for anti-loosening has poor stability, resulting in greater potential safety hazards in the application of fasteners. Summary of the Invention

[0003] (I) Technical Problems to be Solved

[0004] To solve the technical problem in the prior art that due to the use of traditional mechanical anti-loosening methods such as increasing friction or using thread deformation, the anti-loosening stability of fasteners applied to mechanical connections is poor, resulting in easy anti-loosening failure of the anti-loosening structure, the present invention provides a loosening prevention fastening structure and a mechanical device.

[0005] (II) Technical Solutions

[0006] One aspect of the present invention provides a loosening prevention fastening structure for anti-loosening fastening between multiple mechanical parts, which includes: multiple bolts and multiple gaskets. Among them, each bolt in the multiple bolts penetrates through multiple mechanical parts; the first gasket of the multiple gaskets is sleeved on each bolt, and the first gasket is located between the limiting end of each bolt and the multiple mechanical parts; wherein, the surface of the first gasket facing away from the multiple mechanical parts has a radially inclined tooth surface for achieving the effect of anti-loosening fastening.

[0007] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second gasket of the multiple gaskets is sleeved on the corresponding each bolt and is close to the fastening end of each bolt, and the multiple mechanical parts are located between the first gasket and the second gasket.

[0008] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the second gasket facing away from the multiple mechanical parts has a radially inclined tooth surface.

[0009] According to an embodiment of the present invention, each gasket of the multiple gaskets includes multiple fastening rings and at least one connecting band, each fastening ring of the multiple fastening rings is a sheet-like ring structure; at least one connecting band, and each connecting band in the at least one connecting band is respectively connected to adjacent two fastening rings among the multiple fastening rings at the head and the tail.

[0010] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a radial beveled surface is formed on one surface of each fastening ring among a plurality of fastening rings facing away from a plurality of mechanical components; a flat surface is formed on the other surface of each fastening ring among the plurality of fastening rings facing towards the plurality of mechanical components.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, each connecting band is integrally formed with two adjacent fastening rings.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, each bolt includes a bolt body, a connecting limit end and a fastening end of each bolt, wherein the bolt body includes a stud and a bolt column. A threaded surface is annularly provided on the surface of the stud to connect the fastening end; the surface of the bolt column is a smooth cylindrical surface to connect the stud and the limit end.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the anti-loosening fastening structure further includes a plurality of first washers. Each first washer among the plurality of first washers is correspondingly sleeved on each bolt and is arranged between the limit end and the first gasket.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the annular surface of each first washer facing towards the limit end is a first anti-loosening tooth surface distributed along the circumference; the annular surface of the limit end facing towards each first washer is a second anti-loosening tooth surface distributed along the circumference and meshing with the first anti-loosening tooth surface; wherein, the annular surface of each first washer facing away from the first anti-loosening tooth surface is a flat surface.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tooth surface rising angle direction of the first anti-loosening tooth surface and / or the second anti-loosening tooth surface along the circumferential direction is opposite to the screwing direction of the thread of the stud, and the tooth surface rising angle is greater than the rotation rising angle of the thread of the stud.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the anti-loosening fastening structure further includes a plurality of nuts and a plurality of second washers. Each nut among the plurality of nuts is sleeved on each bolt; each second washer among the plurality of second washers is correspondingly sleeved on each bolt and is arranged between each nut and the second gasket.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the annular surface of each second washer facing towards each nut is a third anti-loosening tooth surface distributed along the circumference; the annular surface of each nut facing towards each second washer is a fourth anti-loosening tooth surface distributed along the circumference and meshing with the third anti-loosening tooth surface; wherein, the annular surface of each second washer facing away from the third anti-loosening tooth surface is a flat surface.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tooth surface rising angle direction of the third anti-loosening tooth surface and / or the fourth anti-loosening tooth surface along the circumferential direction is opposite to the screwing direction of the internal thread of each nut, and the tooth surface rising angle is greater than the rotation rising angle of the internal thread.

[0019] Another aspect of the present invention provides a mechanical device, which includes the above anti-loosening fastening structure and a plurality of mechanical components; the anti-loosening fastening structure is applied to the anti-loosening fastening between the plurality of mechanical components.

[0020] According to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the multiple mechanical parts includes a plurality of through holes, and the plurality of through holes correspond one-to-one to the plurality of bolts of the anti-loosening fastening structure, and are used to enable each of the plurality of bolts to penetrate through a corresponding through hole of the multiple mechanical parts.

[0021] (III) Beneficial effects

[0022] The present invention provides an anti-loosening fastening structure and a mechanical device. The anti-loosening fastening structure is applied to the anti-loosening fastening between multiple mechanical parts. The anti-loosening fastening structure includes: a plurality of bolts and a plurality of gaskets. Among them, each of the plurality of bolts penetrates through the multiple mechanical parts; the first gasket of the plurality of gaskets is sleeved on each bolt, so that the multiple mechanical parts are located between the limiting end of each bolt and the first gasket; wherein, the surface of the first gasket facing away from the multiple mechanical parts has a radially inclined tooth surface for achieving the anti-loosening fastening effect. Through the anti-loosening fastening structure of the embodiment of the present invention, the anti-loosening fastening effect between multiple mechanical parts can be achieved in a harsh working environment, and the locking and loosening times do not affect the anti-loosening performance. Among them, the locking effect is also affected by lubrication, and the installation and disassembly are both easy to achieve. Description of the drawings

[0023] Figure 1A Schematically shows a three-dimensional structure diagram of the corresponding bolt limiting end of the anti-loosening fastening structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 1B Schematically shows an exploded structure diagram of the corresponding bolt limiting end of the anti-loosening fastening structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2A Schematically shows a three-dimensional structure diagram of the corresponding bolt fastening end of the anti-loosening fastening structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2B Schematically shows an exploded structure diagram of the corresponding bolt fastening end of the anti-loosening fastening structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3A Schematically shows a three-dimensional structure diagram of one of the plurality of gaskets of the anti-loosening fastening structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3B Schematically shows another three-dimensional structure diagram of one of the plurality of gaskets of the anti-loosening fastening structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematically shows a three-dimensional structure diagram of one of the plurality of bolts of the anti-loosening fastening structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5ASchematically shows a three-dimensional structure diagram of one washer among a plurality of washers of the anti-loosening fastening structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5B Schematically shows another three-dimensional structure diagram of one washer among a plurality of washers of the anti-loosening fastening structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematically shows a three-dimensional structure diagram of one nut among a plurality of nuts of the anti-loosening fastening structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0034] It should be noted that, in the drawings or the text of the specification, the implementation manners that are not depicted or described are all forms known to those of ordinary skill in the art and are not described in detail. In addition, the above definitions of each element and method are not limited to the various specific structures, shapes or manners mentioned in the embodiments, and those of ordinary skill in the art can make simple changes or substitutions thereto.

[0035] It should also be noted that the directional terms mentioned in the embodiments, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., are only references to the directions in the drawings and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Throughout the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same or similar reference numerals. When it may cause confusion in the understanding of the present invention, the conventional structures or configurations will be omitted.

[0036] And the shapes and sizes of the components in the drawings do not reflect the actual sizes and proportions, but only illustrate the content of the embodiments of the present invention. Additionally, in the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claims.

[0037] Furthermore, the word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.

[0038] The ordinal numbers used in the description and claims, such as "first", "second", "third", etc., are used to modify the corresponding elements, and do not themselves mean that the element has any ordinal number, nor does it represent the order of one element and another element or the order in the manufacturing method. The use of these ordinal numbers is only to clearly distinguish one element with a certain name from another element with the same name.

[0039] Those skilled in the art can understand that the modules in the devices in the embodiments can be adaptively changed and arranged in one or more devices different from those embodiments. The modules or units or components in the embodiments can be combined into one module or unit or component, and in addition, they can be divided into multiple sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. Except that at least some of such features and / or processes or units are mutually exclusive, any combination can be used to combine all the features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) and all the processes or units of any method or device so disclosed. Unless otherwise explicitly stated, each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, abstract, and drawings) can be replaced by an alternative feature that provides the same, equivalent, or similar purpose. Also, in the unit claims listing several devices, several of these devices can be embodied by the same hardware item.

[0040] Similarly, it should be understood that, in order to streamline the present invention and help understand one or more of the various disclosed aspects, in the above description of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the various features of the present invention are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, the disclosed method should not be construed as reflecting the intention that the claimed invention requires more features than those expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as reflected in the following claims, the disclosed aspects lie in less than all the features of the single preceding disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into the detailed description, where each claim itself serves as a separate embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Currently, the mechanical connection fasteners mainly use mechanical methods such as increasing friction and utilizing thread deformation to prevent loosening, and the stability is relatively poor. Specifically, taking the locking method of the fasteners for the wheel set on high-speed trains as an example, the locomotive mainly uses the connection of nuts and bolts to lock the body. A iron sheet is connected between the body and the bolt nut. After the bolt nut locks the body, one corner of the iron sheet is bent and pressed against one side surface of the bolt nut to prevent the fastener from loosening by the bending and pressing of the iron sheet. However, due to the insufficient strength of the iron sheet, after being used for a period of time, the iron sheet is prone to breakage, resulting in the failure of the fastening structure. In addition, on the locomotive, through holes are made in the bolt heads, and wires are used to connect and tie the two bolts to prevent the fasteners from loosening. However, the wires in this method are also prone to breakage, causing fastening failure. Once the anti-loosening structure of the fastener fails, there will be a great potential safety hazard for the fastened structural member body.

[0042] To solve the technical problem in the prior art that due to the use of traditional mechanical anti-loosening methods such as increasing friction or utilizing thread deformation, the anti-loosening stability of fasteners applied to connection and disconnection is poor, and the anti-loosening structure is prone to anti-loosening failure, the present invention provides an anti-loosening fastening structure and a mechanical device, which can protect the fastened parts or the surface of the machine body from being damaged, and can achieve the anti-loosening function after the fasteners are locked.

[0043] As Figures 1A - 6 shown, one aspect of the present invention provides an anti-loosening fastening structure for anti-loosening fastening between multiple mechanical parts, which includes: a plurality of bolts 100 and a plurality of gaskets 200. Among them, each bolt 100 in the plurality of bolts 100 penetrates through the multiple mechanical parts; the first gasket 200a of the plurality of gaskets 200 is sleeved on each bolt 100, and the first gasket 200a is located between the limiting end 110 of each bolt 100 and the multiple mechanical parts; wherein, the surface of the first gasket 200a facing away from the multiple mechanical parts has a radially inclined tooth surface 201a for achieving the effect of anti-loosening fastening.

[0044] In an embodiment of the present invention, the mechanical parts can be components or protrusions on a mechanical device, belonging to a kind of structural parts. Anti-loosening fastening needs to be achieved between multiple mechanical parts. The multiple mechanical parts can include at least two mechanical parts M1 and M2, that is, the anti-loosening fastening between multiple mechanical parts is at least the anti-loosening fastening between two structural parts M1 and M2, as Figures 1A - 2B shown.

[0045] Among them, the fastening of three or more mechanical parts stacked on each other can also be achieved through the anti-loosening fastening structure of the embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, adjacent two of the multiple mechanical parts stacked on each other have corresponding through holes, which serve as the insertion holes of the anti-loosening fastening structure of the embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 1B shown by the through hole M101 opened on the mechanical part M1. Corresponding to this through hole M101, a corresponding through hole is also opened on the mechanical part M2.

[0046] The bolt 100 is a cylindrical structure. The bolt body penetrates through the corresponding through holes of the multiple mechanical parts to intersperse the multiple mechanical parts, so as to achieve that each bolt penetrates through the multiple mechanical parts, as Figures 1A - 2B shown. The bolt 100 also has a limiting end 110 connected to the bolt body. The diameter of the limiting end 110 can be larger than the diameter of the bolt body, so that when the bolt body enters the through hole of the mechanical part that matches it, the limiting end 110 can play a limiting role to prevent the overall structure of the bolt 100 from entering the through hole. The length of the bolt body needs to be greater than the sum of the depths of the through holes of the multiple mutually fastened mechanical parts, so that the bolt body can penetrate out from the other end of the through hole of the last mechanical part interspersed by the multiple mutually fastened mechanical parts.

[0047] As Figures 1A - 1B shown, a plurality of through holes can be simultaneously provided on each of a plurality of mechanical parts, and a plurality of bolts 100 are inserted therethrough one by one, whereby the interpenetrating fixing positions between the plurality of mechanical parts can be increased, so as to enhance the anti-loosening fastening effect, and at the same time make the force between the mechanical parts more balanced, and it is not easy to generate a rotational movement with a single bolt 100 as the rotation axis, further reducing vibration and wear, increasing the anti-loosening fastening effect of the anti-loosening fastening structure, and extending the service life.

[0048] Therefore, at least one first gasket 200a among the plurality of gaskets 200 has an annular structure, and a sleeving relationship with the bolt body of the corresponding at least one bolt 100 can be realized, so that the first gasket 200a is located between the plurality of fastened mechanical parts and the limiting end 110 of the bolt 100.

[0049] As Figure 1B shown, the surface of the first gasket 200a facing away from the plurality of mechanical parts has a radially inclined tooth surface 201a, and the radially inclined tooth surface 201a is formed by a plurality of inclined tooth structure units connected end to end along the annular surface to form an annular radial surface. Specifically, the concave end edge of one end of one of the plurality of inclined tooth structure units is lower than the tooth end edge of the adjacent inclined tooth structure unit adjacent thereto, as Figure 1B , Figure 2B and Figure 3A shown. Based on the radially inclined tooth surface 201a, the plurality of mechanical parts can be fastened together through the cooperation between the first gasket 200a and the bolt 100.

[0050] Due to the annular inclined tooth structure of the radially inclined tooth surface 201a of the first gasket 200a, better anti-loosening performance can be provided for the fastening between the bolt 100 and the plurality of mechanical parts, and the number of locking and loosening times does not affect the anti-loosening performance. Further, the inclined tooth surface of the first gasket 200a will not damage the surface of any of the plurality of mechanical parts, the locking effect is not affected by lubrication, it is easy to disassemble and assemble, and the pre-tightening force size does not affect the anti-loosening fastening effect, and it can adapt to a variety of working environments.

[0051] As Figures 1A - 2B shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the second gasket 200b of the plurality of gaskets 200 is sleeved on each corresponding bolt 100 and is close to the fastening end 120 of each bolt 100, and the plurality of mechanical parts are located between the first gasket 200a and the second gasket 200b.

[0052] The second gasket 200b corresponds to the first gasket 200a and is respectively arranged on both sides of a plurality of mechanical parts. Together with the plurality of mechanical parts, they are penetrated by the bolt body of the bolt 100. Both of them are sheet-like structures with the same structure, the same shape, and the same size. Among them, it can be understood that any one of the gaskets 200 among the plurality of gaskets arranged on one side of the plurality of mechanical parts and the limiting end 110 of the bolt 100 is the first gasket 200a, and any one of the gaskets 200 corresponding to the through holes of the mechanical parts on one side of the fastening end 120 of the plurality of mechanical parts and the bolt 100 is the second gasket 200b.

[0053] The second gasket 200b is also sleeved on the bolt body of the bolt 100 and is arranged near the fastening end of the bolt 100. Therefore, the second gasket 200b can cooperate with the first gasket 200a and the bolt 100 to further prevent loosening and fasten the plurality of mechanical parts, ensuring the fastening effect of the anti-loosening fastening structure.

[0054] Such as Figure 1B 、 Figure 2B and Figure 3A As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the second gasket 200b facing away from the plurality of mechanical parts has a radially inclined tooth surface 201b.

[0055] The surface of the second gasket 200b is also provided with a radially inclined tooth surface 201b having the same structure as the first gasket 200a. Through the annular inclined tooth structure of the radially inclined tooth surface 201b of the first gasket 200b, it can provide better anti-loosening performance for the fastening between the nut 400 and the plurality of mechanical parts described below, and the number of locking and loosening times does not affect the anti-loosening performance. Further, it will not cause damage to the surface of any one of the plurality of mechanical parts by the inclined tooth surface of the second gasket 200b. The locking effect is not affected by lubrication, it is easy to disassemble and assemble, and the magnitude of the pre-tightening force does not affect the anti-loosening fastening effect, and it can adapt to various working environments.

[0056] Such as Figures 1A - 3B As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the plurality of gaskets 200 includes a plurality of fastening rings 210 and at least one connecting band 220. Each of the plurality of fastening rings 210 is a sheet-like ring structure; at least one connecting band 220, and each connecting band 220 in the at least one connecting band 220 is respectively connected to adjacent two fastening rings 220 among the plurality of fastening rings 210 at the head and the tail.

[0057] The gasket 200 can be composed of two or more fastening rings 210 each having an annular through-hole and connection bands 220 for connecting adjacent fastening rings 210. Among them, the annular through-holes are correspondingly arranged with the through-holes on a plurality of mechanical parts during the fastening action, so that the bolt body is inserted through the gasket 200 and the plurality of mechanical parts. Therefore, the number of connection bands 220 depends on the number of fastening rings 210, and the number of fastening rings 210 is at least two to ensure that a more stable and uniform anti-loosening fastening effect can be achieved when the gasket 200 is fastened.

[0058] The fastening ring 210 is a sheet-like structure, which can be understood as a relatively thin cylinder with an annular through-hole in the middle. Adjacent fastening rings 210 are connected by connection bands 220 to form an integral gasket 200. The shape formed by the connection of the three can be a straight connection or an arc connection, etc., and can be specifically constructed according to design requirements. The overall shape of the gasket 200 with at least two fastening rings 210 can be diversified and is not limited here. Among them, the thickness of the connection band 220 is less than the thickness of the fastening ring 210, which can prevent tearing between the connection band 220 and the fastening ring 210 and strengthen the connection strength between the two, making the structure of the gasket 200 more stable. In addition, the connection band 220 can be designed as an arc-shaped sheet to further strengthen the connection strength of the connection band 220 and prevent the connection band 220 from breaking.

[0059] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present invention, the first gasket 200a and the second gasket 200b are both any one of the plurality of gaskets 200. The marks a and b are only used to distinguish the gasket 200 (i.e., the first gasket 200a) located between the limiting end 110 of the bolt and the plurality of mechanical parts, and the gasket 200 (i.e., the second gasket 200b) corresponding to the position of the first gasket 200a and located between the fastening end 120 of the bolt and the plurality of mechanical parts. That is, the first gasket 200a and the second gasket 200b are respectively arranged on both sides of the plurality of mechanical parts. Therefore, corresponding to Figures 3A - 3B , the first gasket 200a has a fastening ring 210a and a connection band 220a, as Figures 1A - 1B shown; the second gasket 200b has a fastening ring 210b and a connection band 220b, as Figures 2A - 2B shown.

[0060] As Figures 1A - 3B shown, according to the embodiments of the present invention, a radially inclined tooth surface 201 is formed on one surface of each of the plurality of fastening rings 210 facing away from the plurality of mechanical parts; a flat surface 202 is formed on the other surface of each of the plurality of fastening rings 10 facing the plurality of mechanical parts.

[0061] The gasket 200 has two surfaces, an upper surface and a lower surface. One surface of the gasket 200 that contacts the surfaces of multiple mechanical parts to be fastened is a flat surface 202, which is a smooth and flat surface, ensuring that the gasket 200 will not damage the contact surfaces of the mechanical parts under the fastening action; the other surface of the gasket that faces away from the contact surfaces of the mechanical parts to be fastened and corresponds to the limiting end 110 or the fastening end 120 of the bolt 100 is a radially inclined tooth surface 201. Among them, the tooth profile, the number of teeth, and the corresponding structural dimension changes of the radially inclined tooth surface are not limited here.

[0062] As Figures 1A - 3B shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, each connecting band 220 is integrally formed with two adjacent fastening rings 210. To ensure that the anti-loosening fastening effect of the gasket 200 is more stable and durable, and it is not easy to cause the anti-loosening effect of the gasket 200 to fail due to vibrations, collisions, and wear of the mechanical parts.

[0063] As Figures 1A - 2B and Figure 4 shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, each bolt 100 includes a bolt body 130, connecting the limiting end 110 and the fastening end 120 of each bolt. Among them, the bolt body 130 includes a stud 131 and a bolt column 132. The surface of the stud 131 is provided with a threaded surface in a ring shape, connecting the fastening end 120; the surface of the bolt column is a smooth cylindrical surface, connecting the stud 131 and the limiting end 110.

[0064] The bolt body 130 of the bolt 100 can be understood as the above-mentioned bolt main body, which is used to penetrate the through holes of multiple mechanical parts and the annular through holes of the fastening rings 210 of the gasket 200, and string multiple mechanical parts and the first gasket 200a and the second gasket 200b above and below. The bolt body 130 is located between the limiting end 110 and the fastening end 120.

[0065] The bolt body 130 includes a stud 131 with a threaded side surface and a bolt column 132 with a smooth side surface. Among them, the inner surfaces of the corresponding through holes of multiple mechanical parts can be provided with internal threads that match the threads of the threaded surface of the stud 131, so that the stud 131 mainly plays a role of stringing, and can further achieve the fastening effect between the bolt 100 and multiple mechanical parts. Moreover, the thread matching design can make the fastening reversible and easy to achieve disassembly and separation. The bolt column 132 can be mainly used to match and contact the inner surface of the annular through hole of the fastening ring 210 of the corresponding first gasket 200a during the fastening action, providing a contact position for the first gasket 200a.

[0066] The limiting end 110 of the bolt 100 can serve as the head of the bolt 100, and the diameter dimension of the limiting end 110 can be larger than the diameter dimension of the bolt body 130, so that the limiting end 110 can form a limiting relationship between the head of the bolt 100 and the through holes of multiple mechanical parts and the annular through holes of the fastening ring 210 of the first gasket 200a. Among them, the external shape of the limiting end 110 is diverse and can be hexagonal, square, circular, etc., which is not limited here.

[0067] The fastening end 120 of the bolt 100 can serve as the tail of the bolt 100. The fastening end 120 can be the end of the bolt body 130 relative to the limiting end 110 and has an end face. The side surface of the fastening end 120 is the end side surface of the stud 131 and is also the thread design surface, which can achieve fastening with the nut described below.

[0068] As Figures 1A - 1B shown in FIGS. 5A - 5B, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the anti-loosening fastening structure further includes a plurality of first washers 300a. Each first washer 300a of the plurality of first washers 300a is correspondingly sleeved on each bolt 100 and is arranged between the limiting end 110 and the first gasket 200a.

[0069] The first washer 300a is combined with the bolt 100 and the first gasket 200a to achieve anti-loosening fastening between multiple mechanical parts. Among them, the first washer 300a and the bolt 100 can be combined into a whole by riveting, snap rings, etc. to form an anti-loosening bolt; in addition, the first washer 300a and the bolt 100 can also be paired and used only during use. The connection method between the two is relatively diverse and is not limited here.

[0070] As Figures 1A - 1B shown in FIGS. Figure 4 and 5A -5B, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the annular surface of each first washer 300a facing the limiting end 110 is a first anti-loosening tooth surface 301a distributed along the circumference; the annular surface of the limiting end 110 facing each first washer 300a is a second anti-loosening tooth surface 101 distributed along the circumference and meshing with the first anti-loosening tooth surface 301a; among them, the annular surface of each first washer 300a facing away from the first anti-loosening tooth surface 301a is a flat surface 302a.

[0071] The second anti-loosening tooth surface 101 of the limiting end 110 of the bolt 100 facing the first washer 300a has a rotational meshing relationship with the first anti-loosening tooth surface 301a of the corresponding first washer 300a facing the limiting end 110. Specifically, as Figure 4 shown in FIGS. Figure 5AAs shown, on the respective contact annular surfaces of the bolt 100 and the first washer 300a, a plurality of helical teeth are respectively formed. The helical teeth of the second anti-loosening tooth surface 101 of the bolt 100 are annularly distributed along the bolt column 132 to form an annular tooth surface. The first anti-loosening tooth surface 301a of the first washer 300a forms a reverse annular tooth surface in a direction opposite to the distribution direction of the helical teeth of the second anti-loosening tooth surface 101, and the second anti-loosening tooth surface 101 and the first anti-loosening tooth surface 301a are rotationally engaged with each other to form a stable helical tooth meshing contact (the bevel angles of the two are transitionally connected into one body), so as to further enhance the anti-loosening and fastening effect of the anti-loosening and fastening structure of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0072] As Figures 1A - 1B , Figure 4 and 5A As shown in FIGS. -5B, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the tooth surface lift angle direction of the first anti-loosening tooth surface 301a and / or the second anti-loosening tooth surface 101 in the circumferential direction is opposite to the tightening direction of the thread of the stud 131, so as to ensure better meshing between the two (the bevel angles of the two are transitionally connected into one body), and the tooth surface lift angle is slightly larger than the rotational lift angle of the thread of the stud 131, so as to ensure that the meshing between the first anti-loosening tooth surface 301a and the second anti-loosening tooth surface 101 can be achieved when the number of rotations of the bolt 100 is small.

[0073] Wherein, the back surface of the first anti-loosening tooth surface 301a of the first washer 300a is a plane, and this plane can be in contact with the radial helical tooth surface 201a of the first gasket 200a for fastening with the first gasket 200a.

[0074] As Figures 2A - 2B , Figure 4 , 5A -5B and Figure 6 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the anti-loosening and fastening structure further includes a plurality of nuts 400 and a plurality of second washers 300b. Each nut 400 in the plurality of nuts 400 is sleeved on each bolt 100; each second washer 300b in the plurality of second washers 300b is correspondingly sleeved on each bolt 100 and is disposed between each nut 400 and the second gasket 200b.

[0075] The second washer 300b is combined with the nut 400, the second gasket 200b and the bolt 100, and in cooperation with the combination of the first washer 300a with the same bolt 100 and the first gasket 200a, the anti-loosening and fastening between a plurality of mechanical parts is realized. Among them, the second washer 300b and the nut 400 can be combined into a whole by riveting, snap rings, etc. to form an anti-loosening nut; in addition, the second washer 300b and the nut 400 can also be paired and used only during use, and the connection method between the two is relatively diverse and is not limited here. Among them, the shape of the nut 400 is diverse and can be hexagonal, square or circular, etc., which is not limited here.

[0076] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the annular surface of each second washer 300b facing each nut 400 is a third anti-loosening tooth surface 301b distributed circumferentially; the annular surface of each nut 400 facing each second washer 300b is a fourth anti-loosening tooth surface 401 distributed circumferentially and meshing with the third anti-loosening tooth surface; wherein, the annular surface of each second washer 300b facing away from the third anti-loosening tooth surface 301b is a flat surface 302b.

[0077] The fourth anti-loosening tooth surface 401 of the nut 400 facing the second washer 300b has a rotational meshing relationship with the third anti-loosening tooth surface 301a of the corresponding second washer 300b facing the nut 400. Specifically, as Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 5A and Figure 6 shown, on the respective contact annular surfaces of the nut 400 and the second washer 300b, a plurality of helical teeth are respectively formed. The helical teeth of the fourth anti-loosening tooth surface 401 of the nut 400 are annularly distributed along the edge of the screw hole of the nut to form a ring-shaped tooth surface. The third anti-loosening tooth surface 301b of the second washer 300b forms a reverse ring-shaped tooth surface along the direction opposite to the distribution direction of the helical teeth of the fourth anti-loosening tooth surface 401, and the third anti-loosening tooth surface 401 and the third anti-loosening tooth surface 301b are rotationally meshed with each other to form a stable helical tooth meshing contact (the helical angles of the two are transitionally connected into one body), so as to further enhance the anti-loosening and fastening effect of the anti-loosening and fastening structure of the embodiment of the present invention.

[0078] It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, both the first washer 300a and the second washer 300b are any one of the plurality of washers 300. The marks a and b are only used to distinguish the washer 300 (i.e., the first washer 300a) located between the limiting end 110 of the bolt and the plurality of mechanical parts, and the washer 300 (i.e., the second washer 300b) corresponding to the position of the first washer 300a and located between the fastening end 120 of the bolt and the plurality of mechanical parts, that is, the first washer 300a and the second washer 300b are respectively arranged on both sides of the plurality of mechanical parts. Therefore, corresponding to Figures 5A - 5B , the first washer 300a has a first anti-loosening tooth surface 301a, as Figures 1A - 1B shown; the second washer 300b has a third anti-loosening tooth surface 301b, as Figures 2A - 2B shown.

[0079] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tooth surface rising angle direction of the third anti-loosening tooth surface 301b and / or the fourth anti-loosening tooth surface 401 in the circumferential direction is opposite to the tightening direction of the internal thread 402 of each nut 400, so as to ensure better meshing between the two (the bevel angles of the two are connected into one body), and the tooth surface rising angle is slightly larger than the rotational rising angle of the internal thread 402, so as to ensure that the meshing between the fourth anti-loosening tooth surface 401 and the third anti-loosening tooth surface 301b can be achieved when the number of turns of the nut 400 is small. Among them, as Figure 6 shown, the inner surface of the screw hole of the nut 400 has an internal thread 402 to achieve matching and rotational fastening with the external thread of the screw body 131 of the bolt 100.

[0080] It should be noted that the back surface of the third anti-loosening tooth surface 301b of the second washer 300b is a plane, and this plane can be in contact with the radial bevel tooth surface 201b of the second gasket 200b for fastening with the second gasket 200b. As Figure 5B shown, the planes of the first washer 300a and the second washer 300b are both plane 302.

[0081] Based on the disclosure of the anti-loosening fastening structure of the above embodiment of the present invention, the disassembly and assembly process of the anti-loosening fastening structure can be described as follows:

[0082] As Figures 1A - 2B shown, the bolt 100 passes through the first washer 300a, a fastening ring 210a of the first gasket 200a and the installation through hole of the corresponding mechanical part to be fastened in sequence, and then passes through the second gasket 200b, the second washer 300b and the nut 400 in sequence. Therefore, the first gasket 200a and the second gasket 200b can be restricted by the bolt 100, so that the first gasket 200a and the second gasket 200b will not rotate or move laterally on the contact surface of the mechanical part. Other bolts also pass through the corresponding installation through holes of the mechanical parts to be fastened and have the same structural installation design, which will not be elaborated here.

[0083] Among them, the installation rules of the lock washer 200 are as follows: the flat surface 202 of the flat surface is in contact with the mechanical parts to be fastened, playing a role in protecting the surface of the mechanical parts to be fastened; the other radially inclined tooth surface 201 on the lock washer 200 is in contact with the flat surface 302 of the corresponding washer 300. The lock nut (the combination of the nut 400 and the second washer 300b) is screwed into the bolt 100 respectively to lock the lock washer 200 and multiple mechanical parts to be fastened at the same time. After the lock nut is locked, under the action of the pre-tightening force, the lock nut meshes with the second washer 300b to make the two a whole, and the second washer 300b of the lock nut is squeezed and meshed with the lock washer 200b, so that the nut 400, the second washer 300b and the second washer 200b and the bolt 100, the first washer 300a, the first washer 200a and the corresponding mechanical parts to be fastened form a whole, realizing the fastening of multiple mechanical parts to be fastened.

[0084] As Figures 1A - 2B shown, when the lock nut rotates in the loosening direction, since the number of radially arranged teeth on the second washer 200b is more than the number of teeth on the anti-loosening tooth surface, the frictional force of the radially inclined tooth surface 201b of the second washer 200b is greater than the pre-tightening force of the fourth anti-loosening tooth surface on the nut 400, which will keep the nut 400 and the second washer 300b stationary. Further, because the lead angle of the fourth anti-loosening tooth surface 401 of the nut 400 is slightly larger than the lead angle of the internal thread, and the lead angle direction of the fourth anti-loosening tooth surface 401 is opposite to the thread tightening direction, a reverse loosening force is generated on the lock nut under the action of the fourth anti-loosening tooth surface. The reverse loosening force is greater than the loosening force of the thread. The greater the loosening force, the greater the reaction force, resulting in the greater the pre-tightening force generated by the looser the lock nut, so that the nut 400 cannot be loosened, achieving the function of fastening and anti-loosening.

[0085] As Figures 1A - 2B shown, when multiple mechanical parts to be fastened need to be disassembled and repaired, when the fourth anti-loosening tooth surface 401 on the nut 400 rotates, the nut 400 is first tightened so that the opposite edge of the nut 400 is flush with the opposite edge of the second washer 300b (i.e., the return position is completed), and at the same time the lock nut is rotated and loosened; when the fourth anti-loosening tooth surface 401 on the nut 400 does not rotate, there is no need for return position, and the lock nut can be directly loosened. After loosening the lock nut, the second washer 200b and multiple mechanical parts to be fastened can be taken out in turn, without any impact on reinstallation.

[0086] Therefore, the anti-loosening fastening structure of the embodiment of the present invention can play a role in preventing loosening and achieving fastening regardless of how harsh the working environment of the mechanical parts to be fastened is, and the number of locking and loosening times does not affect the anti-loosening performance, ensuring that the surface of the mechanical parts to be fastened is not damaged, the locking effect is not affected by lubrication, the disassembly and assembly are convenient, and the size of the pre-tightening force does not affect the anti-loosening effect.

[0087] Another aspect of the present invention provides a mechanical device, which includes the above-mentioned anti-loosening fastening structure and a plurality of mechanical parts; the anti-loosening fastening structure is applied to the anti-loosening fastening between the plurality of mechanical parts.

[0088] According to an embodiment of the present invention, each of the plurality of mechanical parts includes a plurality of through holes M101, and the plurality of through holes M101 correspond one-to-one with the plurality of bolts 100 of the anti-loosening fastening structure, so as to enable each of the plurality of bolts 100 to penetrate through a corresponding through hole M101 of the plurality of mechanical parts.

[0089] Among them, the specific content of the anti-loosening fastening structure in the embodiment of the present invention has been disclosed above and will not be elaborated here. Among them, the mechanical device can be mechanical equipment related to the mechanical field in fields such as machinery, high-speed rail, aerospace, military, wind power generation, and automobiles, such as machine tools, locomotives, spacecraft, power generation equipment, and automobile chassis, etc., and has a very wide range of applications and extremely high economic value.

[0090] So far, the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0091] The above-mentioned specific embodiments have further elaborated the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A loosening-preventing fastening structure is applied to the loosening prevention and fastening between multiple mechanical parts, and is characterized in that, Comprising: A plurality of bolts, each bolt of the plurality of bolts passing through the plurality of mechanical parts; A plurality of gaskets, a first gasket of the plurality of gaskets being sleeved on each bolt, the first gasket being located between the limiting end of each bolt and the plurality of mechanical parts; A second gasket of the plurality of gaskets is sleeved on the corresponding each bolt and is close to the fastening end of each bolt, and the plurality of mechanical parts are located between the first gasket and the second gasket; Wherein, the surface of the first gasket facing away from the plurality of mechanical parts has a radially inclined tooth surface for achieving the effect of anti-loosening fastening, and the surface of the second gasket facing away from the plurality of mechanical parts has a radially inclined tooth surface; A plurality of nuts, each nut of the plurality of nuts being sleeved on each bolt; A plurality of second washers, each second washer of the plurality of second washers being correspondingly sleeved on each bolt and being arranged between each nut and the second gasket. Wherein, the annular surface of each second washer facing the each nut is a third anti-loosening tooth surface distributed along the circumference, and the annular surface of each nut facing the each second washer is a fourth anti-loosening tooth surface distributed along the circumference and meshing with the third anti-loosening tooth surface, and the annular surface of each second washer facing away from the third anti-loosening tooth surface is a flat surface; Wherein, the tooth surface rising angle direction of the third anti-loosening tooth surface and / or the fourth anti-loosening tooth surface along the circumferential direction is opposite to the screwing direction of the internal thread of each nut, and the tooth surface rising angle is greater than the rotation rising angle of the internal thread, and the number of radially distributed teeth on the second gasket is more than the number of teeth of the third anti-loosening tooth surface and / or the fourth anti-loosening tooth surface.

2. The loosening-preventing fastening structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each gasket of the plurality of gaskets includes: A plurality of fastening rings, each fastening ring of the plurality of fastening rings being a sheet-like ring structure; At least one connecting band, each connecting band of the at least one connecting band connecting the adjacent two fastening rings of the plurality of fastening rings at the head and the tail respectively.

3. The loosening-preventing fastening structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The radially inclined tooth surface is formed on one surface of each fastening ring of the plurality of fastening rings facing away from the plurality of mechanical parts; A flat surface is formed on the other surface of each fastening ring of the plurality of fastening rings facing the plurality of mechanical parts.

4. The loosening-preventing fastening structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each connecting band is integrally formed with the adjacent two fastening rings.

5. The loosening-preventing fastening structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each bolt includes: A bolt body connecting the limiting end and the fastening end of each bolt, wherein the bolt body includes: A stud with a threaded surface annularly arranged on the surface, connecting the fastening end; A bolt post with a smooth cylindrical surface on the surface, connecting the stud and the limiting end.

6. The loosening-preventing fastening structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, Further comprising: A plurality of first washers, each first washer of the plurality of first washers being correspondingly sleeved on each bolt and being arranged between the limiting end and the first gasket.

7. The loosening-preventing fastening structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The annular surface of each first washer facing the limiting end is a first anti-loosening tooth surface distributed along the circumference; The annular surface of the limiting end facing the each first washer is a second anti-loosening tooth surface distributed along the circumference and meshing with the first anti-loosening tooth surface; Wherein, the annular surface of each first washer facing away from the first anti-loosening tooth surface is a flat surface.

8. The loosening-preventing fastening structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The flank angle direction of the first anti-loosening flank and / or the second anti-loosening flank in the circumferential direction is opposite to the tightening direction of the thread of the stud, and the flank angle is greater than the rotational flank angle of the thread of the stud.

9. A mechanical device, characterized in that, Comprising: The anti-loosening fastening structure according to any one of claims 1-8; A plurality of mechanical parts; The anti-loosening fastening structure is applied to the anti-loosening fastening between the plurality of mechanical parts.

10. The mechanical equipment according to claim 9, wherein, Each of the plurality of mechanical parts includes: A plurality of through holes, which correspond one by one to the plurality of bolts of the anti-loosening fastening structure, and are used to enable each of the plurality of bolts to penetrate through the corresponding through hole of the plurality of mechanical parts.

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