A switching loading system for rock testing apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of switching loading system for rock test equipment, steel frame (11) and base (12) are connected to form loading frame, steel frame (11) is to U type structure, its two side wings and base (12) are connected, normal stroke piston (15) is from top to bottom through the top plate of steel frame (11), can be applied from the normal pressure of steel frame (11) upper direction to lower;Tangential fixed piston (16) is from left through the left side wing of steel frame (11), its position can be adjusted by hand wheel, for jacking test equipment;Tangential stroke piston (17) one end is from right through the right side wing of steel frame (11), the other end is driven by oil pressure pump to provide test power for test equipment;Loading platform (13) is placed on base (12), and cantilever crane (14) of free rotation is installed on the top of steel frame (11), and the lower end of cantilever crane (14) is higher than the topmost of normal stroke piston (15).

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rock test equipment, and particularly relates to a switching loading system for rock test equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] The safety of a reservoir slope is of great significance for the long-term safe operation of a hydropower station, and the stability of the structure of the reservoir slope is mainly controlled by rock joints. Rainfall and water storage regulation of the reservoir can cause the water level to fluctuate, which can greatly endanger the safety of the joints. The presence of water can weaken the strength of the structure surface, and the fluctuation of the reservoir water can cause cyclic water load on the structure surface, causing fatigue damage, which greatly affects the long-term safety of the reservoir. On the other hand, the reservoir is often built in the mountains, and the temperature difference between seasons and day and night is very large. In this extreme temperature environment, higher requirements are put forward for the safety of the reservoir slope. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out cyclic shear tests on rock joints under the action of temperature and seepage coupling. At the same time, the triaxial compression characteristics of the rock of the reservoir slope are also very important. Through triaxial confining pressure tests, the strength and deformation parameters of the rock at different burial depths can be calculated, which plays a very important role in understanding the failure mechanism of the reservoir slope. Therefore, triaxial confining pressure tests on intact rock are also needed.

[0003] At present, the equipment used for indoor temperature and seepage coupling shear tests on rock joints is mainly a seepage cyclic shear device, and the equipment used for triaxial confining pressure tests on rock is mainly a triaxial confining pressure chamber. At present, both of these two kinds of equipment are separately involved in a set of complex supporting loading equipment, which not only has a complex structure, but also has a high cost and occupies a lot of limited laboratory space. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the technical problems of the prior art that the rock test equipment has a complex structure, a high cost, and occupies a large space, the present application provides a switching loading system for rock test equipment, which can realize stable switching of a temperature and seepage coupling cyclic direct shear device and a triaxial confining pressure chamber test device, so that the temperature and seepage coupling cyclic direct shear device and the triaxial confining pressure chamber test device share a set of loading system, which not only reduces the cost of the equipment, but also avoids the technical problem that two separate test devices occupy a large space.

[0005] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a switching loading system for rock test equipment, which comprises:

[0007] a steel frame, a base, a loading platform, a cantilever crane, a normal stroke piston, a tangential fixed piston, and a tangential stroke piston.

[0008] Two side wings and a base of the U-shaped steel frame are connected to form a loading frame, the normal stroke piston can apply normal pressure from the top of the steel frame to the bottom, the tangential fixed piston for jacking the test equipment can pass through the left side wing of the steel frame from the left side, one end of the tangential stroke piston passes through the right side wing of the steel frame from the right side, and the other end provides test power for the test equipment through driving.

[0009] The loading platform is placed on the base, the rotating cantilever crane is installed at the top of the steel frame, and the lower end of the cantilever crane is higher than the topmost part of the normal stroke piston.

[0010] More preferably, the loading platform comprises:

[0011] The moving base plate, the lifting valve, the cross beam, the sliding block, the sliding rail, the longitudinal beam, the long supporting leg and the short supporting leg;

[0012] The longitudinal beam is fixed by the long supporting leg supported on the ground and the short supporting leg supported on the base;

[0013] The sliding rail is placed above the longitudinal beam, the cross beam can move along the sliding rail through the sliding block fixed thereon, and the cross beam is connected with the moving base plate for supporting the test equipment through the plurality of lifting valves.

[0014] More preferably, the moving base plate is provided with a positioning hole for centering the test equipment.

[0015] More preferably, the length of the moving base plate is shorter than the length of the sliding rail.

[0016] More preferably, the cantilever crane comprises:

[0017] The cylindrical support table, the rotary connecting piece, the cylindrical sleeve, the cantilever beam, the triangular supporting leg, the roller and the electric hoist;

[0018] The cylindrical support table is fixed with the steel frame of the loading system;

[0019] The cylindrical sleeve is connected with the cylindrical support table through the rotary connecting piece;

[0020] The cantilever beam is connected with the cylindrical sleeve;

[0021] The electric hoist can move on the cantilever beam through the roller, the cable is wound on the electric hoist, and the end of the cable is fixed with a hook.

[0022] As can be seen from the technical solution of the present application, the present application has the following advantages:

[0023] The present application can realize stable switching of the temperature seepage coupling cycle direct shear equipment and the triaxial confining pressure chamber test equipment through one loading system, and saves the equipment cost and the limited test room space.

[0024] The present application adopts a cantilever crane to load and unload the test device, which saves manpower, is convenient and fast, and improves safety.

[0025] The present application greatly reduces the force required to push the moving bottom plate by the liftable moving track, and saves manpower. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a switching loading system for a rock test device according to the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 A structural diagram of a loading platform according to the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 A structural diagram of a cantilever crane according to the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 An application diagram of the loading system according to the present application;

[0030] IN THE DRAWINGS:

[0031] 1 - loading system, 2 - high-low temperature box, 3 - triaxial confining pressure chamber;

[0032] 11 - steel frame, 12 - base, 13 - loading platform, 14 - cantilever crane, 15 - normal stroke piston, 16 - tangential fixed piston, 17 - tangential stroke piston;

[0033] 131 - moving bottom plate, 132 - poppet valve, 133 - cross beam, 134 - sliding block, 135 - sliding rail, 136 - longitudinal beam, 137 - long support leg, 138 - short support leg, 139 - positioning hole;

[0034] 141 - cylindrical support table, 142 - rotary connecting piece, 143 - cylindrical sleeve, 144 - cantilever beam, 145 - triangular support leg, 146 - roller, 147 - electric hoist;

[0035] 31 - lifting ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0037] The present application provides a switching loading system for a rock test device, which is applied to loading of various test devices, and can realize perfect switching of different test devices. The structure of the loading system is as shown in Figure 1As shown, it comprises: a steel frame 11, a base 12, a loading platform 13, a cantilever crane 14, a normal stroke piston 15, a tangential fixed piston 16, a tangential stroke piston 17, a normal displacement meter 18, and a tangential displacement meter 19.

[0038] The steel frame 11 and the base 12 are connected to form a loading frame. The steel frame 11 is in a U-shaped structure, and its two side wings are connected to the base 12. The normal stroke piston 15 passes through the top plate of the steel frame 11 from top to bottom, and can apply a normal pressure from the top to the bottom of the steel frame 11. The tangential fixed piston 16 passes through the left side wing of the steel frame 11 from the left side, and its position can be adjusted by a hand wheel, which is used to tightly press the test equipment (such as a high-low temperature box 2 in Figure 4 The tangential stroke piston 17 passes through the right side wing of the steel frame 11 from the right side, and its other end is driven by an oil pressure pump to provide test power for the test equipment, and can reciprocate. The normal displacement meter 18 is located beside the normal stroke piston 15, and can measure the displacement of the normal stroke piston 15. The tangential displacement meter is located beside the tangential stroke piston 17, and can measure the displacement of the tangential stroke piston 17.

[0039] The loading platform 13 is placed on the base 12, and the cantilever crane 14 is installed on the top of the steel frame 11 and can rotate freely. The lower end of the cantilever crane 14 is higher than the topmost part of the normal stroke piston 15.

[0040] The structure of the loading platform 13 is shown in Figure 2 , which comprises a moving base plate 131, a lifting valve 132, a cross beam 133, a sliding block 134, a sliding rail 135, a longitudinal beam 136, a long supporting leg 137, and a short supporting leg 138.

[0041] Figure 2 The longitudinal beam 136 is fixed by the long supporting leg 137 supported on the ground and the short supporting leg 138 supported on the base 12, and forms a support frame of the loading platform 13 as a whole.

[0042] The sliding rail 135 is placed above the longitudinal beam 136. The two ends of the cross beam 133 are respectively connected to a sliding block 134, which can move freely along the sliding rail 135 and drive the cross beam 133 to move. The cross beam 133 is connected to the moving base plate 131 through multiple lifting valves 132. After the test equipment is hoisted by the cantilever crane 14, it is placed on the moving base plate 131 and is supported. In order to ensure the placement position of the test equipment, positioning holes 139 for easy centering are opened on the moving base plate 131. The length of the moving base plate 131 is shorter than the length of the sliding rail 135, so that the stroke of the moving base plate 131 is controllable, and the high-low temperature box 2 and the triaxial confining pressure chamber 3 can be pushed out of the range of the steel frame 11, so that they can be hoisted out.

[0043] The structure of the cantilever crane 14 is shown in Figure 3As shown, it includes a cylindrical support platform 141, a rotating connector 142, a cylindrical sleeve 143, a cantilever beam 144, a triangular support leg 145, a roller 146, and an electric hoist 147.

[0044] The cylindrical support platform 141 is fixed to the steel frame 11 of the loading system 1 to provide support.

[0045] The cylindrical sleeve 143 is connected to the cylindrical support platform 141 via the rotary connector 142. The cylindrical support platform 141 and the rotary connector 142, as well as the cylindrical sleeve 143 and the rotary connector 142, can rotate freely.

[0046] The cantilever beam 144 is connected to the cylindrical sleeve 143 by brackets and bolts; the triangular support leg 145 is fixed to the upper edge of the brackets and the cantilever beam 144, providing stable support and increasing load capacity.

[0047] The electric hoist 147 can move freely on the cantilever beam 144 via rollers 146. A cable is wound around the electric hoist, and a hook is fixed to the end of the cable.

[0048] Working principle of the invention:

[0049] The working principle of this invention will be explained below by taking its application in a switching temperature seepage coupled cyclic direct shear device and a triaxial confining pressure chamber test device as an example.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, a schematic diagram illustrating the switching between the loading system of the present invention applied to a temperature seepage coupled cyclic direct shear test device and a triaxial confining pressure chamber test device is presented. Figure 4 The system includes a loading system 1, a high and low temperature chamber 2, and a triaxial confining pressure chamber 3.

[0051] The high and low temperature chamber 2 can be placed into the limiting groove of the loading system 1, and the upper end of the lifting ring 31 and the triaxial confining chamber 4 are fixed, which facilitates the lifting of the loading system 1.

[0052] After conducting a high-temperature seepage test using the high-low temperature chamber 2, the test is stopped, the normal stroke piston 15 and the tangential fixed piston 16 are retracted, and oil is pumped into the lifting valve 138 on the loading platform 13 by a manual hydraulic pump. The lifting valve 132 lifts the moving base plate 131 and disengages it from the base 12.

[0053] Pushing the crossbeam 133 by hand causes the sliding block 134, which can move freely on the slide rail 135, to be connected to both ends of the crossbeam 133. The crossbeam 133 is connected to the movable base plate 131 through multiple lifting valves 132. Therefore, when the crossbeam 133 is pushed, the movable base plate 131 is moved, thereby causing the high and low temperature chamber 2 carried on the movable base plate 131 to be pushed out of the loading area.

[0054] Then the cantilever crane 14 is started, the hook is made to reach the top of the high-low temperature box 2 by rotating the cantilever beam 144 and moving the position of the electric hoist 147. Then the hook is lowered and the high-low temperature box 2 is hoisted to the ground and placed at other positions.

[0055] Then the hook is used to pull the lifting ring 31 of the triaxial confining pressure chamber 3, the triaxial confining pressure chamber 3 is slowly lifted, the electric hoist 147 is lifted, the triaxial confining pressure chamber 3 is moved to the top of the positioning hole 139 on the movable base plate 131, and the triaxial confining pressure chamber 3 is slowly lowered. The cross beam 133 is pushed and pulled back into the loading area, the pressure of the manual hydraulic pump is unloaded, and the lifting valve 132 is slowly lowered. The lifting ring 31 is unloaded, and the switching work of the triaxial confining pressure chamber 3 is completed.

[0056] Finally, the normal stress travel piston 15 is lowered to the top of the triaxial confining pressure chamber 3, and then the loading test is normally started.

[0057] As can be seen from the above specific embodiments of the present application, the present application can realize stable switching of the temperature seepage coupling cycle direct shear equipment and the triaxial confining pressure chamber test equipment by one loading system, saving the cost of the equipment and the limited laboratory space.

[0058] Although the present application has been described in detail above with reference to the preferred embodiments thereof, it is understood that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. The details in the embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the scope of the present application, and any equivalent changes, simple replacements, etc. based on the technical solutions of the present application, which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present application, fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A switching loading system for a rock testing apparatus, characterized by, The switching loading system for rock testing equipment comprises: a steel frame, a base, a loading platform, a cantilever crane, a normal stroke piston, a tangential fixed piston, a tangential stroke piston; two side wings of the U-shaped steel frame and the base are connected to form a loading frame, the normal stroke piston can apply a normal pressure from the top of the steel frame to the bottom, the tangential fixed piston can pass through the left side wing of the steel frame from the left side to tightly press the high-temperature seepage direct shear testing equipment, one end of the tangential stroke piston passes through the right side wing of the steel frame from the right side, and the other end provides a testing power for the high-temperature seepage direct shear testing equipment through driving and can reciprocate; the loading platform is arranged on the base, and the cantilever crane capable of rotating is arranged on the top of the steel frame and the lower end of the cantilever crane is higher than the top of the normal stroke piston; the loading platform comprises a moving base plate, a lifting valve, a cross beam, a sliding block, a sliding rail, a longitudinal beam, a long supporting leg and a short supporting leg; the longitudinal beam is fixed by the long supporting leg supported on the ground and the short supporting leg supported on the base, the sliding rail is arranged above the longitudinal beam, the cross beam can move along the sliding rail through the sliding block fixed thereon, the cross beam is connected with the moving base plate for supporting the high-temperature seepage direct shear testing equipment through the lifting valve, after the high-temperature seepage test is completed by using the high-temperature seepage direct shear testing equipment, the test is stopped, the normal stroke piston and the tangential fixed piston are retracted, the lifting valve is filled with oil through the manual hydraulic pump, the moving base plate is lifted and separated from the base, the cross beam is pushed to move the moving base plate, and the high-temperature seepage direct shear testing equipment carried on the moving base plate is moved out of the loading area; the cantilever crane is started, the hook reaches the top of the high-temperature seepage direct shear testing equipment, and the high-temperature seepage direct shear testing equipment is lifted and placed on the ground; the hook is used to pull the triaxial confining pressure chamber, the electric hoist of the cantilever crane is lifted, the triaxial confining pressure chamber is moved to the moving base plate, the triaxial confining pressure chamber is lowered, the cross beam is pushed back into the loading area, the pressure of the hydraulic pump is released, and the lifting valve is lowered; the triaxial confining pressure chamber is removed, and the switching of the triaxial confining pressure chamber is completed; the normal stroke piston is lowered to the top of the triaxial confining pressure chamber, and the loading test is started.

2. The switching loading system for a rock testing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein positioning holes for centering the testing equipment are formed in the moving base plate.

3. A switching loading system for a rock testing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein The length of the moving base plate is shorter than the length of the sliding rail.

4. The switching loading system for a rock testing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein The cantilever crane comprises: a cylindrical support table, a rotating connecting piece, a cylindrical sleeve, a cantilever beam, a triangular supporting leg, a roller and an electric hoist; the cylindrical support table is fixed with the steel frame of the loading system; the cylindrical sleeve is connected with the cylindrical support table through the rotating connecting piece; the cantilever beam is connected with the cylindrical sleeve; the electric hoist can move on the cantilever beam through the roller, a cable is wound on the electric hoist, and a hook is fixed at the end of the cable.

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