A submarine pipeline protection system

Abstract

The present invention relates to a submarine pipeline protection system, comprising a plurality of underwater protection devices arranged in an array in sequence along the length extension direction of the submarine pipeline and connected end to end. The underwater protection device is used to perform segmented protection on the submarine pipeline, and comprises a supporting base and an external protective cover. The supporting base is a split structure, comprising a lower split part and an upper split part that cooperate with each other to accommodate and support the submarine pipeline. The external protective cover is arranged on the periphery of the supporting base and is fixed to the supporting base as a whole. In this way, when the anchor is dropped or is hit laterally by a heavy object, the external protective cover, the upper split part and the lower split part cooperate to absorb the impact kinetic energy, thereby effectively preventing the submarine pipeline from being damaged by the impact. In addition, it can also make the anchor or large hook lose its hooking fulcrum, thereby preventing the submarine pipeline from being pulled or broken due to being hooked.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of submarine pipeline protection, in particular to a submarine pipeline protection system. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the global economy, countries are increasingly developing their marine resources. Oil and gas development, for example, requires the construction of numerous submarine pipelines to transport the oil and gas. However, as fishing vessels increasingly operate offshore, submarine pipelines within these fishing areas pose potential risks, requiring significant maintenance efforts, both in terms of manpower and resources. Specifically, during fishing operations, nets can easily snag on submarine pipelines while being towed, damaging or straining their outer walls. Furthermore, before officially engaging in fishing operations, fishing vessels must drop anchor, a process known as anchoring. This can easily damage submarine pipelines, and the dragging of the anchor can also cause snags and damage.

[0003] As far as the current situation is concerned, the more conventional solutions generally include increasing the wall thickness of submarine pipelines and optimizing the materials of submarine pipelines. Although these two solutions effectively solve problems such as submarine pipelines being damaged by heavy objects or being pulled sideways, they still cannot solve problems such as installation position changes and being pulled apart when hooked by large force-applying parts such as anchors, and the actual application effect is poor. In addition, it should be noted that whether the solution of increasing the wall thickness or optimizing the material is adopted, it will lead to a significant increase in the production cost of submarine pipelines, and the economic efficiency of the solution is poor. Therefore, technical personnel are urgently needed to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned existing problems and defects, the designers of the present invention collected relevant information, conducted multiple evaluations and considerations, and, after continuous experimentation and modifications by technicians with many years of R&D experience in this industry, ultimately led to the emergence of the submarine pipeline protection system.

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention relates to a submarine pipeline protection system, which includes a plurality of underwater protection devices arranged in an array in sequence along the length extension direction of the submarine pipeline and connected end to end. The underwater protection device is used to perform segmented protection on the submarine pipeline, and includes a supporting base and an external protective cover. The supporting base is a split structure, which includes a lower split part and an upper split part that cooperate with each other to accommodate and support the submarine pipeline. The lower split part is formed with a lower accommodating chamber that is compatible with the submarine pipeline. The upper split part is formed with an upper accommodating chamber that is compatible with the submarine pipeline. The external protective cover is arranged on the periphery of the supporting base and is fixed to the supporting base as a whole.

[0006] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, in a construction scenario where the submarine pipeline is preferably a circular pipe, the transverse cross-sections of the lower accommodating sub-chamber and the upper accommodating sub-chamber are both semicircular.

[0007] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, a first avoidance trough and a second avoidance trough extend inwardly from both ends of the lower split component. A third avoidance trough and a fourth avoidance trough extend inwardly from both ends of the upper split component. When the lower split component and the upper split component cooperate to complete the holding of the submarine pipeline, the lower accommodating chamber and the upper accommodating chamber are in contact with the submarine pipeline at the same time, while the first avoidance trough, the second avoidance trough, the third avoidance trough, and the fourth avoidance trough are all kept in a non-contact state with the submarine pipeline, and the first avoidance trough is kept in alignment with the third avoidance trough, and the second avoidance trough is kept in alignment with the fourth avoidance trough.

[0008] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, a plurality of lower semicircular friction-enhancing grooves are formed on the inner sidewall of the lower accommodating sub-chamber in a linear array along its length, avoiding the forming areas of the first and second avoidance sinks. A plurality of upper semicircular friction-enhancing grooves are formed on the inner sidewall of the upper accommodating sub-chamber in a linear array along its length, avoiding the forming areas of the third and fourth avoidance sinks.

[0009] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the lower split component is generally configured as a rectangular column, with the lower accommodating sub-cavity extending downward from its top wall. The upper split component is generally configured as a semicircular column, with the upper accommodating sub-cavity extending upward from its bottom wall. The external protective cover includes a first side panel, a curved transition panel, and a second side panel, which are sequentially connected and generally form a U-shape. After the initial construction of the underwater protection device is completed, the first and second side panels respectively maintain contact with the side walls of the lower split component, while the curved transition panel maintains contact with the outer side wall of the upper split component.

[0010] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the support base and external protective cover are simultaneously and removably fixed together via N sets of upper transverse screw and nut assemblies, where N is greater than or equal to 2. The external protective cover has N first upper transverse mounting holes formed along its length, for the upper transverse screw and nut assemblies to pass through, and which simultaneously penetrate the first and second side panels. The lower split member has N second upper transverse mounting holes formed along its length, for the upper transverse screw and nut assemblies to pass through.

[0011] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the underwater protection device also includes a counterweight portion that applies downward pressure toward the supporting base and / or the external protection cover.

[0012] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, the counterweight part is preferably a distributed structure, which includes a first counterweight beam and a second counterweight beam. The first counterweight beam and the second counterweight beam cooperate to apply pressure to the external protective cover and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the external protective cover.

[0013] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the external protective cover also includes a first lower skirt plate for directly supporting the first counterweight beam and a second lower skirt plate for directly supporting the second counterweight beam. The first lower skirt plate and the second lower skirt plate are respectively extended downward from the first side plate and the second side plate, and are bent 90 degrees in opposite directions.

[0014] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the first counterweight beam and the second counterweight beam are simultaneously locked in relative position by means of N groups of lower transverse screw and nut assemblies, where N ≥ 2. Along the length extension direction, N first lower transverse mounting through holes for the lower transverse screw and nut assemblies to pass through are formed on the first counterweight beam. Along the length extension direction, N second lower transverse mounting through holes for the lower transverse screw and nut assemblies to pass through are formed on the external protective cover, which simultaneously pass through the first side plate and the second side plate. Along the length extension direction, N third lower transverse mounting through holes for the lower transverse screw and nut assemblies to pass through are formed on the lower split part. Along the length extension direction, N fourth lower transverse mounting through holes for the lower transverse screw and nut assemblies to pass through are formed on the second counterweight beam.

[0015] As a further improvement of the technical solution of the present invention, multiple underwater protection devices are connected in series by means of a longitudinal screw and nut assembly. A longitudinal installation through hole is provided on the lower split member along its length direction for the longitudinal screw and nut assembly to pass through.

[0016] As a further improvement to the technical solution of the present invention, the submarine pipeline protection system also includes an adapter. When the underwater protection devices are constructed using a nonlinear arrangement, the adapter serves as a transitional connection between two adjacent longitudinally arranged screw and nut assemblies. The adapter comprises a first docking member, a pin, and a second docking member. The first docking member is pivotally connected to the second docking member via the pin and can freely swing relative to the second docking member.

[0017] With the assistance of the submarine pipeline protection system, the laying operation steps of the submarine pipeline underwater protection device are roughly as follows: 1) After the installation of the submarine pipeline is completed, multiple lower-mounted split parts are sunk to the seabed in turn, and their relative positions are adjusted with reference to the path of the pipe-laying coordinate positioning device; 2) Multiple upper-mounted split parts and multiple external protective covers are sunk to the seabed in turn. During this process, their postures need to be adjusted and controlled to ensure that each upper-mounted split part is precisely fastened with its corresponding lower-mounted split part. At this time, the submarine pipeline is cooperatively surrounded by the upper and lower accommodating chambers; 3) The external protective cover is buckled on the periphery of the upper and lower split parts; 4) The external protective cover and the supporting base are fixed as one to ensure that the submarine pipeline always remains in a state of being cooperatively embraced by the upper and lower accommodating chambers.

[0018] In practical applications, the submarine pipeline protection system has achieved at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1) It can effectively prevent submarine pipelines from being damaged by heavy objects. Specifically, when the anchor is dropped or the pipeline is hit laterally by a heavy object, the external protective cover can serve as the first line of defense to absorb the initial impact kinetic energy, while the upper or lower split parts can serve as the second line of defense to absorb the remaining impact kinetic energy;

[0020] 2) It can effectively prevent the submarine pipeline from being damaged or broken due to the hook force. Specifically, the external protective cover provides all-round protection for the submarine pipeline and presses against the seabed without gaps, causing the towed anchor or large hook to lose its hooking point. As the towing process continues, the anchor or large hook can smoothly slide over the external protective cover.

[0021] 3) The laying accuracy and subsequent positional stability of the submarine pipeline in the event of disturbances are significantly improved. This is demonstrated by the fact that the submarine pipeline is jointly encircled by the upper and lower sections and subsequently enclosed as a whole by the external protective cover. After the submarine pipeline is laid, both the external protective cover and the lower section directly contact the seabed surface, generating friction, which effectively improves the submarine pipeline's ability to withstand disturbances in actual operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0023] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the application status of the submarine pipeline protection system in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the underwater protection device in the submarine pipeline protection system of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional assembly diagram of the underwater protection device in the submarine pipeline protection system of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of the underwater protection device in the submarine pipeline protection system of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lower dissected components in the submarine pipeline protection system of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of one perspective of the upper-mounted split component in the submarine pipeline protection system of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of another perspective of the upper split component in the submarine pipeline protection system of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the external protection cover in the submarine pipeline protection system of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the first counterweight beam in the submarine pipeline protection system of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the transfer joint in the submarine pipeline protection system of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion of the adapter in the submarine pipeline protection system of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the practical steps for performing submarine pipeline laying work using a submarine pipeline protection system.

[0035] 1- underwater protection device; 11- supporting base; 111- lower split part; 1111- lower accommodating chamber; 1112-first avoidance trough; 1113-second avoidance trough; 112-upper split part; 1121-upper accommodating chamber; 1122-third avoidance trough; 1123-fourth avoidance trough; 12-external protective cover; 121-first side panel; 122-arc-shaped transition plate; 123-second side panel; 124-first lower skirt panel; 125-second lower skirt panel; 13-upper horizontal screw and nut assembly; 14-counterweight part; 141-first counterweight beam; 1411-square tube; 1412-first plug; 1413-second plug; 142-second counterweight beam; 15-lower horizontal screw and nut assembly; 2-longitudinal screw and nut assembly; 3-adapter; 31-first docking piece; 32-pin shaft; 33-second docking piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following is a further detailed description of the present invention with reference to specific embodiments. Figure 1 The diagram below shows the submarine pipeline protection system according to the present invention in operation. It is primarily composed of an underwater protection device 1 and a longitudinally mounted screw and nut assembly 2. Multiple underwater protection devices 1 are provided, working together to provide comprehensive protection for the submarine pipeline. Each underwater protection device 1 is designed to provide segmented protection for the submarine pipeline and is arranged in an array along the length of the submarine pipeline, connected end to end.

[0037] Figure 2 、 Figure 3The exploded diagram and the three-dimensional assembly diagram of the underwater protection device in the submarine pipeline protection system of the present invention are respectively shown. It can be seen that it is mainly composed of a supporting base 11 and an external protective cover 12. Among them, the supporting base 11 is a split structure, which includes a lower split part 111 and an upper split part 112 that cooperate with each other to accommodate and support the submarine pipeline. In the construction situation of a circular submarine pipeline, the lower split part 111 is a rectangular column as a whole, and a lower accommodating chamber 1111 is extended downward from its top wall, and a longitudinal mounting through hole is also provided on it for the longitudinal screw and nut assembly 2 to pass through. The upper split part 112 is a semicircular column, and an upper accommodating chamber 1121 is extended upward from its bottom wall. The transverse cross-sections of the lower accommodating chamber 1111 and the upper accommodating chamber 1121 are both semicircular and adapted to the outer diameter of the submarine pipeline. When each upper split part 112 is snapped into place relative to the lower split part 111, the lower accommodating chamber 1111 cooperates with the upper accommodating chamber 1121 to form a full-length accommodating cavity, in which the submarine pipeline is accommodated. The external protective cover 12 is arranged on the periphery of the supporting base 11 and is fixed to the supporting base 11 as a whole. The external protective cover 12 includes a first side plate 121, an arc-shaped transition plate 122, and a second side plate 123, which are connected in sequence and present a U-shape as a whole. And when the preliminary construction of the underwater protection device 12 is completed, the first side plate 121 and the second side plate 123 are respectively kept in contact with the two side walls of the lower split part 111, and the arc-shaped transition plate 122 is kept in contact with the outer wall of the upper split part 112 (such as Figure 4-8 ).

[0038] With the help of submarine pipeline protection system, the laying operation steps of submarine pipeline underwater protection device are as follows: Figure 12 As shown in, 1) after the installation of the submarine pipeline is completed, multiple lower split parts 111 are sunk to the seabed in turn, and their relative positions are adjusted with reference to the path of the pipe-laying coordinate positioning device; 2) multiple upper split parts 112 and multiple external protective covers 12 are sunk to the seabed in turn. During this process, their postures need to be adjusted and controlled to ensure that each upper split part 112 is precisely fastened with the corresponding lower split part 111. At this time, the submarine pipeline is cooperatively surrounded by the upper accommodating chamber 1121 and the lower accommodating chamber 1111; 3) the external protective cover 12 is buckled onto the outer periphery of the upper split part 112 and the lower split part 111; 4) the external protective cover 12 and the lower split part 111 or / and the upper split part 112 are fixed as a whole to ensure that the submarine pipeline always remains in a cooperatively embraced state by the upper accommodating chamber 1121 and the lower accommodating chamber 1111.

[0039] In practical applications, the submarine pipeline protection system has achieved at least the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1) It can effectively prevent submarine pipelines from being damaged by impacts from heavy objects. Specifically, when an anchor is dropped or a heavy object hits the pipeline laterally, the external protective cover 12 can serve as the first line of defense to absorb the initial impact kinetic energy, while the upper split component 112 or the lower split component 111 can serve as the second line of defense to absorb the remaining impact kinetic energy.

[0041] 2) It can effectively prevent the submarine pipeline from being damaged or broken by the hook force. Specifically, the external protective cover 12 provides all-round protection for the submarine pipeline and presses against the seabed surface without any gap, causing the anchor or large hook being dragged to lose its hooking point. As the dragging process continues, the anchor or large hook can smoothly slide over the external protective cover 12.

[0042] 3) The laying accuracy of the submarine pipeline and its subsequent positional stability when subjected to disturbance forces are significantly improved. Specifically, the submarine pipeline is surrounded by the upper and lower sub-sections 112, 111, and then, as a whole, is covered by the external protective cover 12. After the submarine pipeline is laid, both the external protective cover 12 and the lower sub-section 111 directly contact the seabed surface, generating friction, which effectively improves the submarine pipeline's ability to resist disturbances in actual use.

[0043] It should be noted that when a non-circular submarine pipeline is used for construction, the upper accommodating chamber 1121 and the lower accommodating chamber 1111 need to be adaptively deformed according to the specific cross-sectional shape.

[0044] In order to ensure that the upper accommodating chamber 1121 and the lower accommodating chamber 1111 can effectively realize the reliable and stable embracing of the submarine pipeline, Figure 5 As shown in FIG, a first avoidance trough 1112 and a second avoidance trough 1113 are extended inward from both ends of the lower split part 111. Figure 6 、 7As shown in FIG, a third avoidance trough 1122 and a fourth avoidance trough 1123 extend inward from both ends of the upper split component 112. When the lower split component 111 and the upper split component 112 cooperate to complete the holding of the submarine pipeline, only the lower accommodating chamber 1111 and the upper accommodating chamber 1121 are in contact with the submarine pipeline, while the first avoidance trough 1112, the second avoidance trough 1113, the third avoidance trough 1122, and the fourth avoidance trough 1123 are all kept in a non-contact state with the submarine pipeline, and the first avoidance trough 1112 and the third avoidance trough 1122 are kept in alignment, and the second avoidance trough 1113 and the fourth avoidance trough 1123 are kept in alignment. The smaller lower accommodating chamber 1111 and upper accommodating chamber 1121 can more easily realize reliable embracing of the submarine pipeline, so as to effectively resist the exciting force generated by the submarine pipeline during the process of transporting oil, gas or oil, thereby avoiding loosening and separation at the docking interface of the submarine pipeline.

[0045] In addition, as a further optimization of the structure of the supporting base 11, the molding areas of the first avoidance trough 1112 and the second avoidance trough 1113 are avoided, and a plurality of lower semicircular friction-increasing grooves (not shown in the figure) are formed on the inner side wall of the lower accommodating chamber 1111 in a linear array along its length. The molding areas of the third avoidance trough 1122 and the fourth avoidance trough 1123 are avoided, and a plurality of upper semicircular friction-increasing grooves (not shown in the figure) are formed on the inner side wall of the upper accommodating chamber 1121 in a linear array along its length. In this way, on the one hand, the contact area between the upper accommodating chamber 1121 and the lower accommodating chamber 1111 and the submarine pipeline can be further reduced, which is conducive to achieving a reliable and stable embrace of the submarine pipeline. On the other hand, it can also increase the axial friction force on the submarine pipeline to a certain extent, thereby ensuring that it has sufficient ability to resist axial forces.

[0046] It is known that, according to common sense in design, the external protective cover 12 can be fixedly connected to the supporting base 11 in a variety of ways. However, here we recommend an implementation scheme that is simple in design structure, easy to implement, and convenient for subsequent maintenance and modification operations. Specifically, for one set of the supporting base 11 and the external protective cover 12, the two are simultaneously detachably fixed together by two sets of upper transverse screw and nut assemblies 13. Along the length extension direction, a first upper transverse mounting through hole is formed on the external protective cover 12 for the upper transverse screw and nut assembly 13 to pass through, and at the same time passes through the first side plate 121 and the second side plate 123. Along the length extension direction, a second upper transverse mounting through hole is formed on the lower split part 111 for the upper transverse screw and nut assembly 13 to pass through. It should be noted here that in the actual construction of the underwater protection device 1, the operator or the underwater robot needs to apply pressure to the arc-shaped transition plate 122, so that the top wall of the upper split part 112 is subjected to sufficient pressing force. At this time, the lower split part 111 and the upper split part 112 are kept in a tightly pressed state. In this way, the first upper transverse mounting through hole can be accurately aligned with the second upper transverse mounting through hole, thereby ensuring the smooth implementation of the subsequent insertion operation of the upper transverse screw and nut assembly 13.

[0047] Furthermore, if Figure 1-4 As shown in the , the underwater protection device also features a counterweight 14. This counterweight 14 directly applies downward pressure to the external protective cover 12, thereby ensuring the relative positional stability of the underwater protection device after installation in seawater, effectively enhancing its ability to withstand ocean current disturbances. A specific implementation is recommended as follows: The counterweight 14 is preferably a distributed structure, comprising a first counterweight beam 141 and a second counterweight beam 142. The first and second counterweight beams 141, 142 work together to apply pressure to the external protective cover 12 and are symmetrically arranged on either side of the external protective cover 12.

[0048] According to construction experience, from the perspective of construction convenience and low cost, a concrete block-style first counterweight beam 141 can achieve reliable pressure against the external protective cover 12. However, in actual application, concrete blocks are easily broken by external impact due to the lack of protection, and then dispersed by ocean currents, which will eventually affect the actual pressure effect. In view of this, as a preferred structure of the above-mentioned first counterweight beam 141, Figure 9As shown in , it preferably adopts a cast-in-place split design, consisting of a square tube 1411, a first plug 1412, a second plug 1413, and a concrete block cast and formed within the cavity of square tube 1411. This ensures that, in practical applications, the majority of the impact force on the first counterweight beam 141 is directly borne by square tube 1411, first plug 1412, and second plug 1413, effectively preventing the concrete block from being damaged by excessive impact (even if it does break, the loose concrete block remains within the cavity of square tube 1411). Furthermore, this facilitates the convenient and stable operation of securing the first counterweight beam 141 relative to the external protective cover 12. To achieve the same design objective, the second counterweight beam 142 can also be designed based entirely on the first counterweight beam 141.

[0049] In addition, by Figure 1-4 As can be clearly seen in the figure, a first lower skirt panel 124 and a second lower skirt panel 125 are formed on both sides of the external protective cover 12. The first lower skirt panel 124 is formed by extending downward from the first side panel 121 and bending outward at 90 degrees to directly support the first counterweight beam 141; while the second lower skirt panel 125 is formed by extending downward from the second side panel 123 and bending outward at 90 degrees to directly support the second counterweight beam 142. By adopting the above-mentioned technical solution, on the one hand, when the underwater protection device 1 is placed in place on the seabed, the lower split part 111, the first lower skirt plate 124, and the second lower skirt plate 125 can touch the bottom surface of the seabed at the same time, which means an increase in the bearing area, thereby effectively improving the anti-sinking ability of the underwater protection device 1, which is conducive to its application in the seabed with loose soil; on the other hand, after a period of time, under the action of the seabed tide, a large amount of seabed mud and sand can be deposited and pressed on the first lower skirt plate 124 and the second lower skirt plate 125, thereby effectively ensuring that the underwater protection device 1 has a better position certainty relative to the seabed after construction, avoiding the occurrence of side slip or circumferential rotation due to the disturbance force of ocean currents in the later stage.

[0050] like Figure 1-4As shown in , the first counterweight beam 141 and the second counterweight beam 142 are preferably locked in relative position simultaneously by two sets of lower transverse screw and nut assemblies 15. Along its length, the first counterweight beam 141 is formed with two first lower transverse mounting holes for the lower transverse screw and nut assemblies 15 to pass through. Along its length, the external protective cover 12 is formed with two second lower transverse mounting holes for the lower transverse screw and nut assemblies 15 to pass through, which also pass through the first side plate 121 and the second side plate 123. Along its length, the lower split piece 111 is formed with two third lower transverse mounting holes for the lower transverse screw and nut assemblies 15 to pass through. Along its length, the second counterweight beam 142 is formed with two fourth lower transverse mounting holes for the lower transverse screw and nut assemblies 15 to pass through. In this way, on the one hand, it is conducive to achieving the design goal of convenient installation of the first counterweight beam 141 and the second counterweight beam 142, greatly reducing the actual construction working hours; on the other hand, when it is necessary to adjust the pressing force on the external protective cover 12, it is conducive to the disassembly and replacement operation of the first counterweight beam 141 and the second counterweight beam 142.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that when performing construction operations on the bend section of the submarine pipeline, the relative position of the supporting base 11 needs to be adaptively changed and repositioned. At this time, it is difficult to achieve end-to-end connection by relying solely on the longitudinal screw and nut assembly 2. The submarine pipeline protection system is also adaptably provided with an adapter 3. When each underwater protection device 1 is constructed in a nonlinear arrangement, the adapter 3 is used as a turning connection transition between two adjacent longitudinal screw and nut assemblies 2, which includes a first docking piece 31, a pin 32 and a second docking piece 33. The first docking piece 31 is pivotally connected to the second docking piece 33 by means of the pin 32, and can swing freely relative to the second docking piece 33 to ensure that a suitable angle is formed between the two adjacent longitudinal screw and nut assemblies 2 (such as Figure 10 、 11 ).

[0052] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A submarine pipeline protection system, characterized in that: The submarine pipeline protection system includes a plurality of underwater protection devices arranged in an array along the length of the submarine pipeline and connected end to end; The underwater protection device is used to provide segmented protection for submarine pipelines, and includes a supporting base and an external protective cover. The supporting base is a split structure, including a lower split part and an upper split part that cooperate with each other to accommodate and support the submarine pipeline. The lower split part is formed with a lower accommodating sub-cavity that is compatible with the submarine pipeline; the upper split part is formed with an upper accommodating sub-cavity that is compatible with the submarine pipeline. The external protective cover is arranged on the periphery of the supporting base and is fixed to the supporting base as a whole. The lower split component is generally in the form of a rectangular column, and the lower accommodating sub-cavity is formed by the downward extension of its top wall; the upper split component is generally in the form of a semicircular column, and the upper accommodating sub-cavity is formed by the upward extension of its bottom wall; the external protective cover includes a first side plate, an arc-shaped transition plate, and a second side plate, which are connected in sequence and generally present a U-shape; and when the preliminary construction of the underwater protection device is completed, the first side plate and the second side plate are respectively kept in contact with the two side walls of the lower split component, and the arc-shaped transition plate is kept in contact with the outer side wall of the upper split component; The supporting base and the external protective cover are simultaneously detachably fixed as one body by means of N sets of upper transverse screw and nut assemblies, N ≥ 2; along the length extension direction thereof, the external protective cover is formed with N first upper transverse mounting through holes for the upper transverse screw and nut assemblies to penetrate, and which simultaneously penetrate the first side plate and the second side plate; along the length extension direction thereof, the lower split member is formed with N second upper transverse mounting through holes for the upper transverse screw and nut assemblies to penetrate, and which penetrate the first side plate and the second side plate; The underwater protection device further includes a counterweight portion for applying downward pressure toward the supporting base and / or the external protection cover; The counterweight portion is a distributed structure, comprising a first counterweight beam and a second counterweight beam; the first counterweight beam and the second counterweight beam cooperate to apply pressure toward the external protective cover, and are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the external protective cover; The external protective cover further includes a first lower skirt plate for directly supporting the first counterweight beam and a second lower skirt plate for directly supporting the second counterweight beam; the first lower skirt plate and the second lower skirt plate are respectively extended downward by the first side plate and the second side plate and bent 90 degrees in opposite directions; The first counterweight beam and the second counterweight beam are simultaneously locked in relative position by means of N groups of lower transverse screw and nut assemblies, N≥2; along the length extension direction, N first lower transverse mounting through holes for the lower transverse screw and nut assemblies to pass through are formed on the first counterweight beam; along the length extension direction, N second lower transverse mounting through holes for the lower transverse screw and nut assemblies to pass through are formed on the external protective cover, which simultaneously pass through the first side plate and the second side plate; along the length extension direction, N third lower transverse mounting through holes for the lower transverse screw and nut assemblies to pass through are formed on the lower split part; along the length extension direction, N fourth lower transverse mounting through holes for the lower transverse screw and nut assemblies to pass through are formed on the second counterweight beam.

2. The submarine pipeline protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The submarine pipeline is a circular pipe; the transverse cross-sections of the lower accommodating sub-chamber and the upper accommodating sub-chamber are both semicircular.

3. The submarine pipeline protection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first avoidance trough and a second avoidance trough are respectively extended inward from both ends of the lower splitting part; a third avoidance trough and a fourth avoidance trough are respectively extended inward from both ends of the upper splitting part; when the lower splitting part and the upper splitting part work together to complete the holding of the submarine pipeline, the lower accommodating chamber and the upper accommodating chamber are in contact with the submarine pipeline at the same time, and the first avoidance trough, the second avoidance trough, the third avoidance trough and the fourth avoidance trough are all kept in a non-contact state with the submarine pipeline, and the first avoidance trough is kept in alignment with the third avoidance trough, and the second avoidance trough is kept in alignment with the fourth avoidance trough.

4. The submarine pipeline protection system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Avoiding the forming areas of the first avoidance trough and the second avoidance trough, a plurality of lower semicircular friction-increasing grooves are formed on the inner side wall of the lower accommodating chamber in a linear array along the length direction; avoiding the forming areas of the third avoidance trough and the fourth avoidance trough, a plurality of upper semicircular friction-increasing grooves are formed on the inner side wall of the upper accommodating chamber in a linear array along the length direction.

5. The submarine pipeline protection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of the underwater protection devices are connected in series via a longitudinal screw and nut assembly; a longitudinal installation through hole is provided on the lower split component, which penetrates along its length direction and is used for the longitudinal screw and nut assembly to pass through.

6. The submarine pipeline protection system according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes an adapter; when each of the underwater protection devices is constructed in a nonlinear arrangement, the adapter is used as a turning connection transition between two adjacent longitudinal screw and nut assemblies, and includes a first docking piece, a pin shaft and a second docking piece; the first docking piece is pivotally connected to the second docking piece by means of the pin shaft, and can swing freely relative to the second docking piece.

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