A chemical reactor based on forward osmosis

Abstract

The invention discloses a chemical reactor based on forward osmosis, comprising a raw material tank, a reaction circulation tank, an ultrafiltration tank, a forward osmosis tank and a finished product tank, wherein the raw material tank leads to the reaction circulation tank, the forward osmosis tank is connected to a regeneration tank, the regeneration tank is used to regenerate an extracting liquid and replenish the extracting liquid in the forward osmosis tank, and the forward osmosis tank leads to the finished product tank and the reaction circulation tank respectively; the reaction circulation tank is connected to a first three-way valve, the first three-way valve is respectively connected to a first delivery pipe and a second delivery pipe, the first delivery pipe leads to the ultrafiltration tank, the second delivery pipe leads to the forward osmosis tank, the permeation outlet is connected to a second three-way valve, the second three-way valve is respectively connected to a third delivery pipe and a fourth delivery pipe, the third delivery pipe leads to the finished product tank, the fourth delivery pipe leads to a second addition port on the reaction circulation tank, and the ultrafiltration tank leads to the forward osmosis tank. Through the above arrangement, the flow direction of the feed liquid can be adjusted according to the needs of the chemical reaction, the needs of different reaction types can be adapted, and the versatility of the chemical reactor can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of chemical reaction devices, in particular to a chemical reactor based on forward osmosis. Background Art

[0002] Existing reactors for water treatment, such as MBR membrane bioreactors, generally refer to wastewater treatment processes that combine selective permeation membranes with biological processes. The disadvantages of the MBR method are the high cost of microbial cultivation, installation and operation and maintenance costs including cleaning and sludge control, and membrane replacement. The membrane separation processes currently applied to the MBR method are limited to microfiltration and ultrafiltration, and other processes, in which membranes are used to support biomass and promote gas transfer to the biomembrane or extract ions or water through transmembrane osmotic pressure / vapor pressure differences, have not yet reached the commercial development stage.

[0003] At present, the Chinese patent with the publication number CN109292917A discloses a forward osmosis membrane reactor for wastewater treatment, including a raw water placement tank, a water inlet is arranged at the upper end of the raw water placement tank, a raw water treatment box is arranged on one side of the outer side of the raw water placement tank, a first water guide pipe is fixedly installed between one side of the upper end of the raw water treatment box and the raw water placement tank, and a water pump is fixedly installed in the middle of the first water guide pipe, a liquid outlet one-way valve is fixedly installed between one side of the lower end of the raw water treatment box and the raw water placement tank, an AC servo motor is fixedly installed at the upper end of the raw water treatment box, and the output shaft at the lower end of the AC servo motor is fixedly connected with an active shaft, and the active shaft passes through the raw water treatment box and extends into the raw water treatment box. The forward osmosis membrane reactor can realize the process from raw water treatment to raw water purification by using one motor, which is efficient and safe, and saves energy. At the same time, the forward osmosis membrane adopts multi-layer membrane treatment, and the permeation efficiency is high.

[0004] Although this forward osmosis membrane reactor has a high permeation efficiency, it can only be used for water treatment or liquid concentration. Chemical plants often need to produce a variety of products during the production process, and this forward osmosis membrane reactor is not versatile enough. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a chemical reactor based on forward osmosis, which has the advantages of wide versatility and can be used for various chemical reactions.

[0006] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A chemical reactor based on forward osmosis, comprising a raw material tank, a reaction circulation tank, an ultrafiltration tank, a forward osmosis tank and a finished product tank, wherein the raw material tank leads to the reaction circulation tank, the forward osmosis tank is connected to a regeneration tank, the regeneration tank is used to regenerate an extract and replenish the extract in the forward osmosis tank, and the forward osmosis tank leads to the finished product tank and the reaction circulation tank respectively;

[0008] The reaction circulation tank includes a first addition port, a second addition port, an upper feeding port and a discharge port, the first addition port is connected to the raw material tank, the upper feeding port is used to add non-fluid raw materials, the discharge port is connected to a first three-way valve, the first three-way valve is respectively connected to a first delivery pipe and a second delivery pipe, the first delivery pipe leads to an ultrafiltration tank, the second delivery pipe leads to a forward osmosis tank, the permeate outlet is connected to a second three-way valve, the second three-way valve is respectively connected to a third delivery pipe and a fourth delivery pipe, the third delivery pipe leads to a finished product tank, the fourth delivery pipe leads to the second addition port on the reaction circulation tank, and the ultrafiltration tank leads to the forward osmosis tank.

[0009] Further configuration: the chemical reactor includes a first state and a second state. When the chemical reactor is in the first state, the first three-way valve connects the discharge port and the first conveying pipe, and the second three-way valve connects the permeate outlet and the finished product tank; when the chemical reactor is in the second state, the first three-way valve connects the discharge port and the second conveying pipe, the second three-way valve connects the permeate outlet and the reaction circulation tank, and the regeneration tank connects the finished product tank.

[0010] By adopting the above technical scheme, the chemical reactor of the present invention can adjust the first state and the second state according to the use requirements. The first state can be used for the concentration process, and the concentration efficiency is improved and the consumption of the concentration process is reduced by combining ultrafiltration and forward osmosis; the second state can be used for partial decomposition reaction, and the product is absorbed into the extract by the forward osmosis tank, and the product is extracted by the regeneration tank. The same equipment can be applied to a variety of reaction requirements, with wide versatility, reducing the equipment cost of the enterprise and reducing the space occupied by the factory.

[0011] Further configuration: the ultrafiltration tank includes a plurality of ultrafiltration membranes, the ultrafiltration membrane includes an ultrafiltration inlet, a filtered water outlet and an ultrafiltration outlet, the first delivery pipe is connected to a first multi-way tube, the water outlets of the first multi-way tube are respectively communicated with the ultrafiltration inlet, a closing valve is connected between the ultrafiltration inlet and the first multi-way tube, the ultrafiltration tank includes an absorption chamber and a liquid outlet chamber, the filtered water outlet leads to the absorption chamber, the liquid outlet chamber leads to the forward osmosis tank, the ultrafiltration outlet leads to the liquid outlet chamber, a horizontal ultrafiltration mounting plate is arranged in the ultrafiltration tank, the absorption chamber and the liquid outlet chamber are respectively located at On both sides of the ultrafiltration mounting plate, a mounting hole with a stepped structure is opened on the ultrafiltration mounting plate, the mounting hole includes a plug-in section and a sealing section, the plug-in section is used to connect the ultrafiltration membrane, an I-shaped sealing plug is slidably connected in the mounting hole, the sealing plug includes an upper filter plate that contacts the ultrafiltration membrane and a lower plug plate for sealing the sealing section, a contact platform is formed between the plug-in section and the sealing section, an elastic member is arranged between the upper filter plate and the contact platform, after the ultrafiltration membrane is inserted into the mounting hole, the lower plug plate pushes out of the mounting hole, and a hole is opened on the upper filter plate for liquid discharged from the ultrafiltration outlet to pass through.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, multiple ultrafiltration membranes are connected at the same time, which can be selected according to needs and have wide applicability. In an environment requiring continuous production, when the ultrafiltration membrane needs to be replaced, part of the ultrafiltration membrane can be disabled by opening and closing the sealing valve for replacement. When replacing, the ultrafiltration membrane is pulled out from above. During the pulling-out process, the sealing plug rises under the action of the elastic part to seal the mounting hole. Then a new ultrafiltration membrane is inserted from above to push out the sealing plug. The mounting port is connected again to fix the ultrafiltration membrane. The installation only needs to be operated from above without entering the ultrafiltration tank, and replacement is convenient.

[0013] Further configuration: the forward osmosis tank includes a tank body, a feed liquid inlet, a feed liquid outlet, and a plurality of tubular forward osmosis membranes, the feed liquid inlet is located at one end of the tank body, the feed liquid outlet is located at the end of the tank body away from the feed liquid inlet, the forward osmosis membrane is arranged in parallel in the tank body, a plurality of partitions perpendicular to the forward osmosis membrane are arranged in the tank body, the partitions are respectively installed at intervals on both sides of the tank body to form a maze waterway in the tank body, the partitions are provided with partition holes for the forward osmosis membrane to pass through, an extract reflux box is arranged on one side of the forward osmosis tank, a replacement door is provided on the side of the extract reflux box away from the forward osmosis tank, the forward osmosis tank is provided with an installation countersunk hole leading to the extract reflux box, the installation countersunk hole is exposed when the replacement door is opened, the installation countersunk hole is flange-connected to the forward osmosis pipe, an extract discharge box is installed on the side of the forward osmosis tank away from the extract reflux box, and the regeneration tank is respectively connected to the extract reflux box and the extract discharge box.

[0014] By adopting the above technical scheme, the partition forms a labyrinth waterway in the forward osmosis tank, which increases the flow rate of the liquid in the forward osmosis tank, thereby reducing the film formation phenomenon of the forward osmosis membrane and improving the forward osmosis efficiency; the forward osmosis membrane adopts a tubular structure, with a large surface area, a large exchange area and a high osmosis efficiency; the extract in the forward osmosis membrane and the outer liquid flow direction are perpendicular to each other, which reduces the film formation phenomenon at the forward osmosis membrane and reduces membrane pollution, thereby increasing the service life of the forward osmosis membrane; when the forward osmosis membrane needs to be replaced, after all the extract is discharged into the regeneration tank, the replacement door is opened, and the forward osmosis membrane can be dismantled and replaced, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly and has a high replacement efficiency.

[0015] Further configuration: the feed liquid inlet is connected to a feed collection bottle, a first detection valve is arranged between the feed collection bottle and the feed liquid inlet, the feed liquid outlet is connected to an outlet collection bottle, a second detection valve is arranged between the outlet collection bottle and the feed liquid outlet, the feed collection bottle and the outlet collection bottle have the same volume, a first detection cylinder is also connected to the forward osmosis tank, a semi-permeable membrane is vertically arranged in the first detection cylinder, the first detection cylinder is divided into a first detection chamber and a second detection chamber by the semi-permeable membrane, the first detection chamber is communicated with the feed collection bottle, a third detection valve is arranged between the feed collection bottle and the first detection chamber, the second detection chamber is communicated with the outlet collection bottle, a fourth detection valve is arranged between the outlet collection bottle and the second detection chamber,

[0016] A first buoy is arranged in the first detection cavity, a second buoy is arranged in the second detection cavity, a first height detector is arranged at the lower end of the detection cylinder, the first height detector is used to detect the heights of the first buoy and the second buoy, and a first discharge solenoid valve is arranged at the lower end of the first detection cylinder to discharge the liquid in the detection cylinder.

[0017] By adopting the above technical scheme, the discharge collection bottle and the feed collection bottle collect the incoming liquid and the outgoing liquid of the forward osmosis tank respectively. The incoming liquid and the outgoing liquid have a concentration difference and are separated by the semi-permeable membrane of the first detection cylinder. The first buoy and the second buoy form a height difference, so that the forward osmosis efficiency can be evaluated according to the height difference. If the height difference is too low, it is necessary to analyze whether the life of the forward osmosis membrane is insufficient and replace it.

[0018] Further configuration: the forward osmosis tank is also connected to a second detection cylinder and a finished product holding bottle, the finished product holding bottle is connected to a finished product collecting bottle, the second detection cylinder includes a finished product cavity and a product cavity, the product cavity is connected to the discharge collecting bottle, the finished product cavity is connected to the finished product holding bottle, the second detection cylinder is connected to a second height detector for detecting the liquid level in the finished product cavity and the product cavity, and the lower end of the second detection cylinder is provided with a second discharge solenoid valve for discharging the liquid in the detection cylinder.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the concentration ratio between the product produced by the reaction and the desired product can be known through the second detection tube. When there is a height difference beyond the error range, the process is adjusted in time to ensure product quality.

[0020] Further configuration: the chemical reactor includes a control system, the control system includes a control center, the control center is electrically connected to the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the closing valve, the first height detector, the second height detector, the first detection valve, the second detection valve, the third detection valve, the fourth detection valve, the first discharge solenoid valve, and the second discharge solenoid valve, and the control center controls the opening and closing of the first three-way valve, the second three-way valve, the closing valve, the first height detector, the second height detector, the first detection valve, the second detection valve, the third detection valve, the fourth detection valve, the first discharge solenoid valve, and the second discharge solenoid valve.

[0021] Further configuration: the control system includes an alarm module and a monitoring module, the monitoring module is used to monitor the numerical conditions of various detection instruments in the chemical reactor, the alarm module includes a function of comparing the detection results of the first height detector and the second height detector with the set values, and the alarm module is used to prompt users that there is an abnormality in the chemical reactor.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the chemical reactor can be controlled and monitored through the control system, reducing the probability of direct contact between workers and chemicals, which is beneficial to the health of the workers. According to the monitoring situation, the workers can timely understand the product quality, forward osmosis efficiency and other data that traditional processes cannot obtain in time, and the alarm module can provide alarms in time, detect problems in time and eliminate them to avoid waste.

[0023] Further configuration: the forward osmosis tank includes a forward osmosis membrane, the forward osmosis membrane is made of a solvent-resistant membrane material, and the preparation method of the solvent-resistant membrane material includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: Take the PP film and soak the PP film with organic solvent for 30 minutes;

[0025] Step 2: Wash and soak the PP film with clean water for 10 minutes, take a water-soluble polymer solution, and soak the PP film in the water-soluble polymer solution for 30-60 minutes;

[0026] Step 3: Take out the PP film and soak it in the cross-linking agent solution for 5-10 minutes;

[0027] Step 4: Take out the PP film and drain the liquid on the surface, and add MPD aqueous solution on the surface. After 10-20 minutes, remove the residual solution on the surface of the PP film;

[0028] Step 5: Add TMC organic phase solution to the surface. After 5-10 minutes, wash away the residual solution on the surface of the PP film with clean water and dry it to obtain a solvent-resistant film material.

[0029] Further configuration: in the process of preparing the solvent-resistant membrane material, the organic solvent in the step one is one or more of ethanol, isopropanol and acetone; the water-soluble polymer solution in the step two is one of polyvinyl alcohol solution, polyethylene glycol solution, polyethylene oxide solution and polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution; the water-soluble polymer solution in the step two is a polyvinyl alcohol solution, and the concentration of the polyvinyl alcohol solution is 0.5-5%; the cross-linking agent solution in the step three is a citric acid solution, and the concentration of the citric acid is 1-2%.

[0030] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] The chemical reactor of the present invention can adjust the first state and the second state according to the use requirements. The first state can be used for the concentration process, and the concentration efficiency is improved and the consumption of the concentration process is reduced by combining ultrafiltration and forward osmosis; the second state can be used for partial decomposition reaction, and the product is absorbed into the extraction liquid through the forward osmosis tank, and the product is extracted through the regeneration tank. The same equipment can be applied to various reaction requirements, has wide versatility, reduces the equipment cost of the enterprise and reduces the space occupied by the factory.

[0032] The chemical reactor ultrafiltration membrane of the present invention has a simple assembly and disassembly structure and can be replaced without stopping the machine, with high replacement efficiency, simple operation and wide applicability; the osmosis efficiency in the forward osmosis tank is high, the working environment of the forward osmosis membrane is good, the membrane pollution is small, and the service life is long; a first detection cylinder is also provided at the forward osmosis tank to detect the osmosis efficiency of the forward osmosis tank. When the osmosis efficiency is too low, it can be discovered in time and conveniently disassembled and assembled through the side without opening the forward osmosis tank, and the operation is convenient.

[0033] The forward osmosis membrane of the present invention adopts a modified PP membrane, has organic solvent resistance, good water flux and excellent separation performance, and can be applied to the concentration of organic solvents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1;

[0035] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the forward osmosis tank in Example 1;

[0037] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first detection cylinder in Example 1.

[0039] In the figure, 1, raw material tank; 2, reaction circulation tank; 201, first addition port; 202, second addition port; 203, upper addition port; 204, discharge port; 3, ultrafiltration tank; 301, ultrafiltration membrane; 302, absorption chamber; 303, liquid discharge chamber; 304, ultrafiltration mounting plate; 3041, mounting hole; 3042, plug section; 3043, sealing section; 305, sealing plug; 3051, upper filter plate; 3052, lower plug plate; 306, elastic member; 4, forward osmosis tank; 401, tank body; 402, feed liquid inlet; 403, feed liquid outlet; 404, forward osmosis membrane; 405, partition; 4051, partition hole; 406, extract reflux box; 4061, replacement door; 407, installation countersunk hole; 408, extract discharge Box; 4021, feed collection bottle; 4022, first detection valve; 4023, third detection valve; 4031, discharge collection bottle; 4032, second detection valve; 4033, fourth detection valve; 409, first detection cylinder; 4091, semi-permeable membrane; 4092, first detection cavity; 4093, second detection cavity; 4094, first buoy; 4095, second buoy; 4096, first height detector; 4097, first discharge solenoid valve; 410, second detection cylinder; 411, finished product holding bottle; 4111, finished product collection bottle; 5, finished product tank; 6, regeneration tank; 7, first three-way valve; 8, first delivery pipe; 9, second delivery pipe; 10, second three-way valve; 11, third delivery pipe; 12, fourth delivery pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0041] Example 1: A chemical reactor based on forward osmosis, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes a raw material tank 1, a reaction circulation tank 2, an ultrafiltration tank 3, a forward osmosis tank 4 and a finished product tank 5, the raw material tank 1 leads to the reaction circulation tank 2, the forward osmosis tank 4 is connected to a regeneration tank 6, the regeneration tank 6 regenerates the extract by reverse osmosis, and replenishes the extract in the forward osmosis tank 4, and the forward osmosis tank 4 leads to the finished product tank 5 and the reaction circulation tank 2 respectively;

[0042] The reaction circulation tank 2 includes a first addition port 201, a second addition port 202, an upper addition port 203 and a discharge port 204. The first addition port 201 is connected to the raw material tank 1. The upper addition port 203 is used to add a small amount of raw materials such as non-fluid raw materials and catalysts. The discharge port 204 is connected to a first three-way valve 7. The first three-way valve 7 is respectively connected to a first delivery pipe 8 and a second delivery pipe 9. The first delivery pipe 8 leads to the ultrafiltration tank 3, and the second delivery pipe 9 leads to the forward osmosis tank 4. The permeation outlet is connected to a second three-way valve 10. The second three-way valve 10 is respectively connected to a third delivery pipe 11 and a fourth delivery pipe 12. The third delivery pipe 11 leads to the finished product tank 5, and the fourth delivery pipe 12 leads to the second addition port 202 on the reaction circulation tank 2, and the ultrafiltration tank 3 leads to the forward osmosis tank 4.

[0043] The chemical reactor includes a first state and a second state. When the chemical reactor is in the first state, the first three-way valve 7 connects the discharge port 204 and the first delivery pipe 8, and the second three-way valve 10 connects the permeate outlet and the finished product tank 5; when the chemical reactor is in the second state, the first three-way valve 7 connects the discharge port 204 and the second delivery pipe 9, the second three-way valve 10 connects the permeate outlet and the reaction circulation tank 2, and the regeneration tank 6 connects the finished product tank 5.

[0044] In the first state, taking the thickening process of sludge-containing organic wastewater as an example, the raw liquid enters the reaction circulation tank 2 from the raw material tank 1, and large particle impurities such as sludge are filtered at the reaction circulation tank 2, and then the salt-containing wastewater is discharged through the ultrafiltration membrane 301, and then the raw liquid is further compressed through the forward osmosis tank 4, and the extract is diluted in the forward osmosis process, and becomes a usable extract again through reverse osmosis in the regeneration tank 6 and enters the forward osmosis membrane 404.

[0045] The flux of the forward osmosis membrane 404 is often reduced due to the accumulation of sludge. The ultrafiltration method is introduced to assist the forward osmosis process to reduce the accumulation of sludge and ensure the smooth progress of the water treatment process. The flux of the forward osmosis decreases with the increase of salinity. With the assistance of the ultrafiltration membrane 301, the salinity in the reactor can be controlled in a lower range, ensuring better forward osmosis performance.

[0046] The ultrafiltration process ensures that the quality of the forward osmosis raw liquid is far superior to that of the traditional process, and improves the stability and reliability of the system. In addition, the integrated system eliminates the unnecessary pretreatment steps and adopts a more advanced ultrafiltration method. The subsequent forward osmosis process can be operated only by osmotic pressure, without the need to apply external pressure, without the participation of living microorganisms, and the installation and maintenance costs are relatively low, and the operating costs are low.

[0047] In the second state, taking the decomposition reaction as an example, reactant A is decomposed in the reaction circulation tank 2 to generate precipitate B and C, wherein C is extracted through the regeneration tank 6 in the forward osmosis tank 4, and B is intercepted and collected in the reaction circulation tank 2. The circulation reduces B and C in the reaction circulation tank 2 and promotes the decomposition of reactant A. In addition, the ultrafiltration tank 3 can be cleaned and replaced in the second state.

[0048] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The ultrafiltration tank 3 includes a plurality of ultrafiltration membranes 301, and the ultrafiltration membranes 301 include an ultrafiltration inlet, a filtered water outlet, and an ultrafiltration outlet. The first delivery pipe 8 is connected to a first multi-way tube, and the water outlets of the first multi-way tube are respectively connected to the ultrafiltration inlet, and a closing valve is connected between the ultrafiltration inlet and the first multi-way tube. The ultrafiltration tank 3 includes an absorption chamber 302 and a liquid outlet chamber 303, the filtered water outlet leads to the absorption chamber 302, the liquid outlet chamber 303 leads to the forward osmosis tank 4, and the ultrafiltration outlet leads to the liquid outlet chamber 303. A horizontal ultrafiltration mounting plate 304 is arranged in the ultrafiltration tank 3, and the absorption chamber 302 and the liquid outlet chamber 303 are respectively located on both sides of the ultrafiltration mounting plate 304. The ultrafiltration mounting plate 304 is provided with a mounting hole 3041 of a stepped structure, the mounting hole 3041 includes a plug-in section 3042 and a sealing section 3043, the plug-in section 3042 is used to connect the ultrafiltration membrane 301, an I-shaped sealing plug 305 is slidably connected in the mounting hole 3041, the sealing plug 305 includes an upper filter plate 3051 that contacts the ultrafiltration membrane 301 and a lower plug plate 3052 for blocking the sealing section 3043, a contact platform is formed between the plug-in section 3042 and the sealing section 3043, an elastic member 306 is provided between the upper filter plate 3051 and the contact platform, the elastic member 306 adopts four springs arranged on the circumference of the upper filter plate 3051, after the ultrafiltration membrane 301 is inserted into the mounting hole 3041, the lower plug plate 3052 pushes out of the mounting hole 3041, and the upper filter plate 3051 is provided with a hole for the liquid discharged from the ultrafiltration outlet to pass through.

[0049] Reference Figures 3 to 5The forward osmosis tank 4 comprises a tank body 401, a feed liquid inlet 402, a feed liquid outlet 403, and a plurality of tubular forward osmosis membranes 404. The feed liquid inlet 402 is located at one end of the tank body 401, and the feed liquid outlet 403 is located at the end of the tank body 401 away from the feed liquid inlet 402. The forward osmosis membrane 404 is horizontally penetrated in the tank body 401. The tank body 401 is provided with a plurality of partitions 405 perpendicular to the forward osmosis membrane 404. The partitions 405 are respectively installed at intervals on both sides of the tank body 401 to form a labyrinth waterway in the tank body 401. The partitions 405 are provided with a plurality of tubular forward osmosis membranes 404. 04 passes through a partition hole 4051, an extract reflux box 406 is arranged on one side of the forward osmosis tank 4, a replacement door 4061 is provided on the side of the extract reflux box 406 away from the forward osmosis tank 4, the forward osmosis tank 4 is provided with a mounting countersunk hole 407 leading to the extract reflux box 406, the mounting countersunk hole 407 is exposed when the replacement door 4061 is opened, a forward osmosis tube is connected with a flange at the mounting countersunk hole 407, an extract discharge box 408 is installed on the side of the forward osmosis tank 4 away from the extract reflux box 406, and the regeneration tank 6 is respectively connected to the extract reflux box 406 and the extract discharge box 408.

[0050] The feed liquid inlet 402 is connected to a feed collection bottle 4021, a first detection valve 4022 is arranged between the feed collection bottle 4021 and the feed liquid inlet 402, a discharge collection bottle 4031 is connected to the feed liquid outlet 403, a second detection valve 4032 is arranged between the discharge collection bottle 4031 and the feed liquid outlet 403, the feed collection bottle 4021 and the discharge collection bottle 4031 have the same volume, and the forward osmosis tank 4 is also connected to a first detection cylinder 409, and a The first detection cylinder 409 is divided into a first detection chamber 4092 and a second detection chamber 4093 by a semi-permeable membrane 4091; the first detection chamber 4092 is connected to the feed collection bottle 4021; a third detection valve 4023 is provided between the feed collection bottle 4021 and the first detection chamber 4092; the second detection chamber 4093 is connected to the discharge collection bottle 4031; a fourth detection valve 4033 is provided between the discharge collection bottle 4031 and the second detection chamber 4093.

[0051] The forward osmosis tank 4 is also connected to a second detection cylinder 410 and a finished product holding bottle 411, and the finished product holding bottle 411 is connected to a finished product collecting bottle 4111. The second detection cylinder 410 includes a finished product cavity and a product cavity, the product cavity is connected to the discharge collecting bottle 4031, and the finished product cavity is connected to the finished product holding bottle 411. The second detection cylinder 410 is connected to a second height detector for detecting the liquid level in the finished product cavity and the product cavity, and the lower end of the second detection cylinder 410 is provided with a second discharge solenoid valve for discharging the liquid in the detection cylinder.

[0052] The chemical reactor includes a control system, which includes a control center. The control center is electrically connected to the first three-way valve 7, the second three-way valve 10, the closing valve, the first height detector 4096, the second height detector, the first detection valve 4022, the second detection valve 4032, the third detection valve 4023, the fourth detection valve 4033, the first discharge solenoid valve 4097, and the second discharge solenoid valve. The control center controls the opening and closing of the first three-way valve 7, the second three-way valve 10, the closing valve, the first height detector 4096, the second height detector, the first detection valve 4022, the second detection valve 4032, the third detection valve 4023, the fourth detection valve 4033, the first discharge solenoid valve 4097, and the second discharge solenoid valve.

[0053] The control system includes an alarm module and a monitoring module. The monitoring module is used to monitor the numerical values ​​of various detection instruments in the chemical reactor. The alarm module includes a function of comparing the detection results of the first height detector 4096 and the second height detector with the set values. The alarm module is used to prompt users that there is an abnormality in the chemical reactor.

[0054] Taking the first state as an example, the working principle of this embodiment is described in detail as follows:

[0055] The organic wastewater first reaches the reaction circulation tank 2 from the raw material tank 1, is filtered and precipitated in the reaction circulation tank 2; then reaches the ultrafiltration membrane 301 of the ultrafiltration tank 3 through the first three-way valve 7 and the first delivery pipe 8, and reaches the forward osmosis tank 4 after being filtered and concentrated by the ultrafiltration membrane 301. After further concentration by forward osmosis, high-concentration organic wastewater is discharged at the feed liquid outlet 403 and collected by the finished product tank 5.

[0056] During use, when the ultrafiltration membrane 301 needs to be replaced, part of the ultrafiltration membrane 301 can be disabled by opening and closing the sealing valve for replacement; when replacing, the ultrafiltration membrane 301 is pulled out from above, and during the pulling-out process, the sealing plug 305 rises under the action of the elastic member 306 to seal the mounting hole 3041, and then a new ultrafiltration membrane 301 is inserted from above to push out the sealing plug 305, and the mounting port is connected again to fix the ultrafiltration membrane 301. The installation only needs to be operated from above, and there is no need to enter the ultrafiltration tank 3, so replacement is convenient.

[0057] At the beginning of the reaction, the heights of the first buoy 4094 and the second buoy 4095 in the first detection cylinder 409 are first detected, and then the control system controls the detection once at fixed intervals. When the percentage difference between the height difference of the first buoy 4094 and the second buoy 4095 and the initial height difference reaches the set value, it indicates that the forward osmosis efficiency is too low, so the forward osmosis membrane 404 is adjusted, and the machine is shut down for cleaning or replacement. When replacing, after all the extract is discharged into the regeneration tank 6, the replacement door 4061 is opened, and the forward osmosis membrane 404 can be dismantled and replaced. The disassembly and assembly is convenient, and the replacement efficiency is high.

[0058] Example 2: The only difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the membrane material of the forward osmosis membrane is a solvent-resistant membrane material. The preparation method of the solvent-resistant membrane material comprises the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Take the PP film and soak the PP film with organic solvent for 30 minutes;

[0060] Step 2: Wash and soak the PP film with clean water for 10 minutes, take a 2% polyvinyl alcohol solution, and soak the PP film in the 2% polyvinyl alcohol solution for 30 minutes;

[0061] Step 3: Take out the PP film and soak it in a 1% citric acid solution for 5 minutes;

[0062] Step 4: Take out the PP film and drain the liquid on the surface, and add a 7% wt / v MPD aqueous solution on the surface. After 10 minutes, take out the PP film and use a rubber roller to roll away the residual MPD aqueous solution on the surface of the PP film;

[0063] Step 5: Add 0.1% wt / v TMC organic phase solution to the surface of the PP film. After 5 minutes, wash away the residual solution on the surface of the PP film with clean water. Dry the PP film for 1 minute at a drying temperature of 60°C to obtain a solvent-resistant film material. The above-mentioned implementation does not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the technical solution. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the above-mentioned implementation should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution.

Claims

1. A chemical reactor based on forward osmosis, characterized in that: The method comprises a raw material tank (1), a reaction circulation tank (2), an ultrafiltration tank (3), a forward osmosis tank (4) and a finished product tank (5), wherein the raw material tank (1) leads to the reaction circulation tank (2), the forward osmosis tank (4) is connected to a regeneration tank (6), the regeneration tank (6) is used to regenerate the extract and replenish the extract in the forward osmosis tank (4), and the forward osmosis tank (4) leads to the finished product tank (5) and the reaction circulation tank (2) respectively; The reaction circulation tank (2) comprises a first addition port (201), a second addition port (202), an upper addition port (203) and a discharge port (204), wherein the first addition port (201) is connected to the raw material tank (1), the upper addition port (203) is used to add non-fluid raw materials, and the discharge port (204) is connected to a first three-way valve (7), the first three-way valve (7) is respectively connected to a first delivery pipe (8) and a second delivery pipe (9), the first delivery pipe (8) leads to the ultrafiltration tank (3), the second delivery pipe (9) leads to the forward osmosis tank (4), the permeate outlet of the forward osmosis tank (4) is connected to a second three-way valve (10), and the second three-way valve (10) is respectively connected to a third delivery pipe (8) and a second delivery pipe (9). The third delivery pipe (11) leads to the finished product tank (5), the fourth delivery pipe (12) leads to the second addition port (202) on the reaction circulation tank (2), the ultrafiltration tank (3) leads to the forward osmosis tank (4), the forward osmosis tank (4) comprises a tank body (401), a feed liquid inlet (402), a feed liquid outlet (403), and a plurality of tubular forward osmosis membranes (404), the feed liquid inlet (402) is located at one end of the tank body (401), the feed liquid outlet (403) is located at one end of the tank body (401) away from the feed liquid inlet (402), the forward osmosis membrane (404) is arranged in parallel in the tank body (401), and the tank body (401) is provided with There are a plurality of partitions (405) perpendicular to the forward osmosis membrane (404), the partitions (405) are installed at intervals on both sides of the tank body (401), forming a labyrinth waterway in the tank body (401), the feed liquid inlet (402) is connected to a feed collection bottle (4021), a first detection valve (4022) is arranged between the feed collection bottle (4021) and the feed liquid inlet (402), the feed liquid outlet (403) is connected to a discharge collection bottle (4031), a second detection valve (4032) is arranged between the discharge collection bottle (4031) and the feed liquid outlet (403), the feed collection bottle (4021) and the discharge collection bottle (4031) have the same volume, and the forward osmosis tank (401) is provided with ... the both sides of the tank body (401), and the forward osmosis tank (401) is provided with a plurality of ) is also connected to a first detection cylinder (409), a semi-permeable membrane (4091) is vertically arranged in the first detection cylinder (409), and the first detection cylinder (409) is divided into a first detection chamber (4092) and a second detection chamber (4093) by the semi-permeable membrane (4091), the first detection chamber (4092) is connected to the feed collection bottle (4021), and a third detection valve (4023) is arranged between the feed collection bottle (4021) and the first detection chamber (4092), the second detection chamber (4093) is connected to the discharge collection bottle (4031), and a fourth detection valve (4033) is arranged between the discharge collection bottle (4031) and the second detection chamber (4093), A first buoy (4094) is disposed in the first detection chamber (4092), a second buoy (4095) is disposed in the second detection chamber (4093), a first height detector (4096) is disposed at the lower end of the detection tube, and the forward osmosis tank includes a forward osmosis membrane, and the forward osmosis membrane is made of a solvent-resistant membrane material.

2. A chemical reactor based on forward osmosis according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chemical reactor includes a first state and a second state. When the chemical reactor is in the first state, the first three-way valve (7) is connected to the discharge port (204) and the first delivery pipe (8), and the second three-way valve (10) is connected to the permeate outlet and the finished product tank (5); when the chemical reactor is in the second state, the first three-way valve (7) is connected to the discharge port (204) and the second delivery pipe (9), the second three-way valve (10) is connected to the permeate outlet and the reaction circulation tank (2), and the regeneration tank (6) is connected to the finished product tank (5).

3. A chemical reactor based on forward osmosis according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ultrafiltration tank (3) comprises a plurality of ultrafiltration membranes (301), wherein the ultrafiltration membranes (301) comprise an ultrafiltration inlet, a filtered water outlet and an ultrafiltration outlet; the first delivery pipe (8) is connected to a first multi-way pipe, the water outlets of the first multi-way pipe are respectively connected to the ultrafiltration inlet, and a closing valve is connected between the ultrafiltration inlet and the first multi-way pipe; the ultrafiltration tank (3) comprises an absorption chamber (302) and a liquid outlet chamber (303), wherein the filtered water outlet leads to the absorption chamber (302), the liquid outlet chamber (303) leads to the forward osmosis tank (4), and the ultrafiltration outlet leads to the liquid outlet chamber (303); a horizontal ultrafiltration mounting plate (304) is arranged in the ultrafiltration tank (3), wherein the absorption chamber (302) and the liquid outlet chamber (303) are respectively located on two sides of the ultrafiltration mounting plate (304), and a stepped mounting hole is provided on the ultrafiltration mounting plate (304). (3041), the mounting hole (3041) comprises a plug-in section (3042) and a sealing section (3043), the plug-in section (3042) is used to connect the ultrafiltration membrane (301), an I-shaped sealing plug (305) is slidably connected in the mounting hole (3041), the sealing plug (305) comprises an upper filter plate (3051) that contacts the ultrafiltration membrane (301) and a sealing section (3043) for sealing the sealing section (3043). ), a contact platform is formed between the plug section (3042) and the sealing section (3043), an elastic member (306) is provided between the upper filter plate (3051) and the contact platform, and after the ultrafiltration membrane (301) is inserted into the mounting hole (3041), the lower plug plate (3052) is pushed out of the mounting hole (3041), and a hole is opened on the upper filter plate (3051) for liquid discharged from the ultrafiltration outlet to pass through.

4. A chemical reactor based on forward osmosis according to claim 3, characterized in that: The partition plate (405) is provided with a partition hole (4051) for the forward osmosis membrane (404) to pass through; an extract reflux box (406) is provided on one side of the forward osmosis tank (4); a replacement door (4061) is provided on the side of the extract reflux box (406) away from the forward osmosis tank (4); the forward osmosis tank (4) is provided with a mounting countersunk hole (407) leading to the extract reflux box (406); when the replacement door (4061) is opened, the mounting countersunk hole (407) is exposed; a forward osmosis tube is connected to the mounting countersunk hole (407) by a flange; an extract discharge box (408) is provided on the side of the forward osmosis tank (4) away from the extract reflux box (406); and the regeneration tank (6) is respectively connected to the extract reflux box (406) and the extract discharge box (408).

5. A chemical reactor based on forward osmosis according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first height detector (4096) is used to detect the heights of the first buoy (4094) and the second buoy (4095), and a first discharge solenoid valve (4097) for discharging liquid in the first detection cylinder is provided at the lower end of the first detection cylinder (409).

6. A chemical reactor based on forward osmosis according to claim 5, characterized in that: The forward osmosis tank (4) is also connected to a second detection cylinder (410) and a finished product holding bottle (411); the finished product holding bottle (411) is connected to a finished product collecting bottle (4111); the second detection cylinder (410) comprises a finished product chamber and a product chamber; the product chamber is connected to the discharge collecting bottle (4031); the finished product chamber is connected to the finished product holding bottle (411); the second detection cylinder (410) is connected to a second height detector for detecting the liquid level in the finished product chamber and the product chamber; and a second discharge solenoid valve for discharging liquid in the second detection cylinder is provided at the lower end of the second detection cylinder (410).

7. A chemical reactor based on forward osmosis according to claim 6, characterized in that: The chemical reactor comprises a control system, which comprises a control center. The control center is electrically connected to a first three-way valve (7), a second three-way valve (10), a closing valve, a first height detector (4096), a second height detector, a first detection valve (4022), a second detection valve (4032), a third detection valve (4023), a fourth detection valve (4033), a first discharge solenoid valve (4097), and a second discharge solenoid valve. The control center controls the opening and closing of the first three-way valve (7), the second three-way valve (10), the closing valve, the first height detector (4096), the second height detector, the first detection valve (4022), the second detection valve (4032), the third detection valve (4023), the fourth detection valve (4033), the first discharge solenoid valve (4097), and the second discharge solenoid valve.

8. A chemical reactor based on forward osmosis according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control system includes an alarm module and a monitoring module. The monitoring module is used to monitor the numerical conditions of various detection instruments in the chemical reactor. The alarm module includes a function of comparing the detection results of the first height detector (4096) and the second height detector with the set values. The alarm module is used to prompt users that there is an abnormality in the chemical reactor.

9. A chemical reactor based on forward osmosis according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The method for preparing the solvent-resistant membrane material comprises the following steps: Step 1: Take the PP film and soak the PP film with organic solvent for 30 minutes; Step 2: Wash and soak the PP film with clean water for 10 minutes, take a water-soluble polymer solution, and soak the PP film in the water-soluble polymer solution for 30-60 minutes; Step 3: Take out the PP film and soak it in the cross-linking agent solution for 5-10 minutes; Step 4: Take out the PP film and drain the liquid on the surface, and add MPD aqueous solution on the surface. After 10-20 minutes, remove the residual solution on the surface of the PP film; Step 5: Add TMC organic phase solution to the surface. After 5-10 minutes, wash away the residual solution on the surface of the PP film with clean water and dry it to obtain a solvent-resistant film material.

10. According to the forward osmosis-based chemical reactor of claim 9, in the process of preparing the solvent-resistant membrane material, the organic solvent in step one is one or more of ethanol, isopropanol and acetone; the water-soluble polymer solution in step two is one of polyvinyl alcohol solution, polyethylene glycol solution, polyethylene oxide solution and polyvinyl pyrrolidone solution; the water-soluble polymer solution in step two is polyvinyl alcohol solution; and the cross-linking agent solution in step three is citric acid solution.

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