Three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma actuator device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aerospace power plasma enhanced combustion, and aims to solve the problems of poor discharge stability and short service life of existing plasma actuators. It specifically relates to a three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma actuator device, comprising: an isolation support, which is provided with a first inlet and an eccentric inlet; an actuator shell composed of a first column segment, a second column segment, and a third column segment; the inner wall of the second column segment is provided with a raised thread line; the inner wall of the third column segment is provided with a cathode electrode; one end of the central electrode is connected to the anode electrode, and the other end is cantilevered to the inside of the third column segment, and a tapered electrode is provided on the outer side thereof, and a sliding arc is generated at the minimum distance between the tapered electrode and the cathode electrode; in a working state, a preset gas is injected from the eccentric inlet and then spontaneously rotates and flows, and blows the sliding arc after passing through the raised thread line and the tapered electrode to form a three-dimensional rotating sliding arc; the invention can realize enhanced combustion, and greatly improve the discharge stability, uniformity and service life of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of aerospace power plasma enhanced combustion, and in particular relates to a three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma actuator device. Background Art

[0002] Gliding arc discharge refers to a discharge mode in which the anode and cathode generate an arc channel under the excitation of a high-voltage electric field, and the arc is driven by the airflow to slide; the electron temperature of the sliding arc discharge plasma is low but the electron number density is high, which has typical non-equilibrium plasma characteristics. Studies have shown that a large number of active particles and free radicals released during the generation of non-equilibrium plasma can effectively improve the combustion efficiency and accelerate the combustion reaction. As a method of generating non-equilibrium plasma, sliding arc discharge has a large energy density, high energy utilization rate and high processing capacity. Therefore, it has broad application prospects in environmental governance, energy conversion, biomedicine, aerospace, etc., and because of its advantages such as simple electrode structure and wide temperature adjustment range, it has unique advantages in stimulating combustion reactions.

[0003] According to the different electrode structures, sliding arc discharge is mainly divided into two-dimensional plane sliding arc and three-dimensional rotating sliding arc. The discharge area of ​​the former is mainly two-dimensional plane. The contact area between the two-dimensional sliding arc and the medium gas is small, and the reaction gas stays in the reactor for a short time, resulting in a low reaction gas conversion rate. The discharge area of ​​the latter is a rotating three-dimensional solid, which has a larger discharge space and energy utilization efficiency. The power sources used for sliding arc discharge include AC power supply, DC power supply, and nanosecond pulse current. There are basically two modes of sliding arc discharge, the breakdown accompanying mode and the stable sliding mode. The breakdown accompanying mode is: in the early stage of sliding arc discharge, the arc only exists between the narrowest gaps, and no large-scale sliding occurs; the stable sliding mode is: the arc will slide downstream of the gas under the blowing of the airflow, generating a stable sliding arc. At present, a large number of studies have been conducted on the discharge characteristics and spectral characteristics of sliding arcs. The results show that the sliding arc discharge body has obvious periodic properties and physical and chemical properties. A large number of active particles and free radicals are generated during the discharge process, which can affect the chemical balance of the combustion system and accelerate the chemical kinetics of combustion.

[0004] During the arc movement, the electric field, airflow motion state and the motion characteristics of the sliding arc affect each other, so different reactor structures have different excitation effects. For the generation of a three-dimensional rotating sliding arc, a rotating airflow is an indispensable condition, and the motion state of the rotating airflow has a direct impact on the effect of the rotating sliding arc. For most three-dimensional sliding arc reactors, the structure adopted is usually that the conical electrode and the outer shell are connected to the positive and negative electrodes to generate an arc, and a rotating airflow is generated by a cyclone to blow the arc, thereby generating a three-dimensional rotating sliding arc, resulting in poor discharge stability and discharge uniformity, which greatly reduces the service life of the exciter. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, that is, to solve the problems of poor discharge stability and short life of the existing plasma actuator, the present invention provides a three-dimensional rotary sliding arc plasma actuator device, comprising: an isolation support having a hollow chamber, one end of which is provided with a first inlet communicating with the hollow chamber, and a side portion of which is provided with an eccentric inlet communicating with the hollow chamber;

[0006] The exciter housing is composed of a first column segment, a second column segment and a third column segment which are arranged in sequence; the first column segment is used to connect with the isolation support; the inner wall of the second column segment is provided with a raised thread line; the inner wall of the third column segment is provided with a cathode electrode;

[0007] A central electrode, one end of which is connected to the anode electrode disposed at the top of the isolation support, and the other end of which passes through the first inlet and the hollow chamber and is cantilevered to the inside of the third column section, and a tapered electrode is sleeved on the outer side thereof, and a sliding arc is generated at the minimum distance between the tapered electrode and the cathode electrode;

[0008] In the working state, after the preset gas is injected from the eccentric inlet, it spontaneously rotates and flows, passes through the raised thread line and the tapered electrode in sequence, and then blows the sliding arc to form a three-dimensional rotating sliding arc.

[0009] In some preferred embodiments, the tapered electrode comprises a first cone segment and a second cone segment, and the bottom surface of the second cone segment is connected to the bottom surface of the first cone segment;

[0010] The longitudinal dimension of the first conical segment is smaller than the longitudinal dimension of the second conical segment;

[0011] The distance from the top of the first conical segment to the top of the isolation support is L1, and the distance from the end of the raised thread line away from the isolation support to the top of the isolation support is L2, and L2>L1.

[0012] In some preferred embodiments, the hollow chamber includes a first chamber and a second chamber, the eccentric inlet is opened at the side of the first chamber; the longitudinal axis of the second chamber is arranged to coincide with the longitudinal axis of the first chamber;

[0013] The inner diameter of the first chamber is greater than the inner diameter of the second chamber;

[0014] The outer diameter of the first chamber is greater than the outer diameter of the second chamber;

[0015] The inner diameter of the first column section is greater than the inner diameter of the second column section;

[0016] The first column section and the second chamber are sleeved and fixed, and the inner diameter of the second chamber is set to be consistent with the inner diameter of the second column section.

[0017] In some preferred embodiments, the first inlet is used to connect to an external air supply device to inject propellant;

[0018] The eccentric inlet is used for injecting oxidant.

[0019] In some preferred embodiments, the eccentric inlet is a tangential hole centrifugal nozzle.

[0020] In some preferred embodiments, the longitudinal axis of the first inlet, the longitudinal axis of the central electrode, the longitudinal axis of the actuator housing and the longitudinal axis of the hollow chamber are arranged to coincide with each other.

[0021] In some preferred embodiments, the first column segment, the second column segment and the third column segment are integrally formed.

[0022] In some preferred embodiments, the third column section is provided with an external thread section for being fixedly connected to a target object.

[0023] In some preferred embodiments, the central electrode is a hollow tube.

[0024] In some preferred embodiments, a seal is provided between the first column section and the hollow chamber.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0026] 1) The device disclosed in the present invention can achieve enhanced combustion. When the device is connected to the electrode, a three-dimensional rotating sliding arc is generated through the swirl effect, and then fully coupled with the oxidant and the propellant, so that the combustible mixed gas is ionized, heated, and cracked by the rotating sliding arc into small molecules, free radicals, active particles, etc. that are more conducive to combustion, and burns efficiently in the combustion chamber, thereby enhancing combustion. In addition, based on the three-dimensional rotating sliding arc to enhance combustion, it can achieve lean oil ignition, lean oil combustion, wide range ignition and auxiliary combustion.

[0027] 2) In the present invention, the discharge stability and uniformity are greatly improved by setting the tapered electrode and cathode, and the service life of the exciter is further improved; the swirl effect makes the arc action area wider and more uniform, and the exciter has a simple structure, and each part can be modularly designed and produced, which is more conducive to the application of rocket engine combustion chambers.

[0028] 3) The present invention has a simple structure, small size, and strong versatility, and can be used for sliding arc plasma enhanced combustion experiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 is a perspective schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 It is another angle schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 is a top view of the isolation support in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA cross-sectional view of .

[0034] Description of reference numerals:

[0035] 100. Isolation support; 101. First chamber; 102. Second chamber; 110. First inlet; 120. Eccentric inlet; 200. Exciter housing; 210. First column segment; 220. Second column segment; 221. Raised thread line; 230. Third column segment; 300. Center electrode; 400. Tapered electrode; 410. First conical segment; 420. Second conical segment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0037] The three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma actuator device disclosed in the present invention is a rotating sliding arc plasma actuator that can generate atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasma and can be used for combustion intensification in the combustion chamber of rocket engines.

[0038] The invention provides a three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma exciter device, comprising: an isolation support, having a hollow chamber, one end of which is provided with a first inlet connected to the hollow chamber, and a side portion of which is provided with an eccentric inlet connected to the hollow chamber; an exciter housing, which is composed of a first column segment, a second column segment and a third column segment arranged in sequence; the first column segment is used to connect with the isolation support; the inner wall of the second column segment is provided with a raised thread line; the inner wall of the third column segment is provided with a cathode electrode; a central electrode, one end of which is connected with an anode electrode arranged at the top of the isolation support, and the other end of which passes through the first inlet and the hollow chamber and cantilevers to the inside of the third column segment, and a tapered electrode is sleeved on the outer side of the central electrode, and a sliding arc is generated at the minimum distance between the tapered electrode and the cathode electrode; in a working state, after a preset gas is injected from the eccentric inlet, it spontaneously rotates and flows, passes through the raised thread line and the tapered electrode in sequence, and blows the sliding arc to form a three-dimensional rotating sliding arc.

[0039] The device disclosed in the present invention can achieve enhanced combustion. When the device is connected to the electrode, a three-dimensional rotating sliding arc is generated through the swirl effect, and then fully coupled with the oxidant and the propellant, so that the combustible mixed gas is ionized, heated, and cracked by the rotating sliding arc into small molecules, free radicals, active particles, etc. that are more conducive to combustion, and burns efficiently in the combustion chamber, thereby enhancing combustion. In addition, based on the three-dimensional rotating sliding arc to enhance combustion, it can achieve lean oil ignition, lean oil combustion, wide range ignition and auxiliary combustion.

[0040] The present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] See attached Figure 1 To Attachment Figure 4 The present invention provides a three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma exciter device, which can be used for enhanced combustion in a rocket engine combustion chamber; specifically, it comprises: an isolation support 100, an exciter housing 200 and a central electrode, the isolation support having a hollow chamber, one end of which is provided with a first inlet 110 communicating with the hollow chamber, and a side portion thereof is provided with an eccentric inlet 120 communicating with the hollow chamber; in this embodiment, the first inlet is used to connect to an external air supply device to inject propellant; the eccentric inlet is used to inject oxidant.

[0042] The exciter housing is composed of a first column segment 210, a second column segment 220 and a third column segment 230 which are arranged in sequence; the first column segment is used to connect with the isolation support; the inner wall of the second column segment is provided with a raised thread line 221; the inner wall of the third column segment is provided with a cathode electrode (not shown in the figure).

[0043] One end of the central electrode is connected to the anode electrode arranged at the top of the isolation support, and the other end passes through the first inlet and the hollow chamber and cantilevers to the inside of the third column section, and a tapered electrode 400 is sleeved on its outer side, and a sliding arc is generated at the minimum distance between the tapered electrode and the cathode electrode; specifically, in this embodiment, a high-voltage electrode is connected between the top lower end surface of the central electrode and the upper end surface of the isolation support, and the cathode electrode of the exciter is grounded, so that an arc (i.e., a sliding arc) is generated at the minimum distance between the tapered electrode and the cathode.

[0044] The tapered electrode includes a first cone segment 410 and a second cone segment 420, and the bottom surface of the second cone segment is connected to the bottom surface of the first cone segment.

[0045] Under working condition, the preset gas is injected from the eccentric inlet and enters the hollow chamber to flow spontaneously in rotation. After being assisted by the raised thread line, the gas continues to flow in rotation, and after passing through the tapered electrode, it blows the sliding arc to produce a rotating sliding arc, and finally forms a three-dimensional rotating sliding arc.

[0046] Preferably, the longitudinal dimension of the first conical segment is smaller than that of the second conical segment; the distance from the top of the first conical segment to the top of the isolation support is L1, and the distance from the end of the raised thread line away from the isolation support to the top of the isolation support is L2, L2>L1.

[0047] Specifically, the hollow chamber includes a first chamber 101 and a second chamber 102, and an eccentric inlet is opened at the side of the first chamber; the longitudinal axis of the second chamber is arranged to be consistent with the longitudinal axis of the first chamber;

[0048] The inner diameter of the first chamber is larger than the inner diameter of the second chamber; the outer diameter of the first chamber is larger than the outer diameter of the second chamber; the inner diameter of the first column section is larger than the inner diameter of the second column section; the first column section and the second chamber are fixedly mounted, and the inner diameter of the second chamber is set to be consistent with the inner diameter of the second column section.

[0049] Preferably, the eccentric inlet is a tangential hole centrifugal nozzle, which ensures that the injected gas can swirl on its own through the tangential eccentric setting.

[0050] Preferably, the longitudinal axis of the first inlet, the longitudinal axis of the central electrode, the longitudinal axis of the actuator housing and the longitudinal axis of the hollow chamber are arranged to coincide with each other.

[0051] In this embodiment, the central electrode is installed at the central hole of the isolation support, and the power supply is connected at the intersection of the central electrode and the isolation support.

[0052] Furthermore, a threaded through hole fixedly matched with the central electrode is provided at the center of the isolation support, and grooves are provided at the centers of the end surfaces at both ends of the isolation support.

[0053] Preferably, the first column segment, the second column segment and the third column segment are integrally formed.

[0054] Furthermore, the third column section is provided with an external thread section for being fixedly connected to a target object.

[0055] Preferably, the central electrode is a hollow tube.

[0056] Furthermore, a seal is provided between the first column section and the hollow chamber; specifically, an O-type sealing gasket is installed to ensure air tightness.

[0057] Furthermore, the materials such as the top of the center electrode (the propellant inlet portion connected to the isolation support), the eccentric inlet (i.e., the oxidizer inlet), and the exciter housing (including the raised thread line and the external thread segment) are all insulating materials, and the exciter cathode and the center electrode (including the tapered electrode) are all heat-resistant conductors.

[0058] In the device disclosed in the present invention, the arrangement of the tapered electrode and the cathode makes the arc generation more stable; the swirl effect makes the arc action area wider and more uniform, and the exciter has a simple structure, and each part can be modularly designed and produced, which is more conducive to the application of rocket engine combustion chambers.

[0059] Furthermore, different gas working media can be introduced into the first inlet and the eccentric inlet, so that different discharge experiments can be performed.

[0060] Preferably, the radius of the gas channel inside the cathode of the actuator is 3.5 mm.

[0061] Preferably, the radius of the gas channel of the central electrode is 0.5 mm, and the radius can be changed according to actual conditions.

[0062] Preferably, the minimum distance between the cathode electrode of the exciter and the tapered electrode is 0.5 mm, and the maximum distance is 2.5 mm. According to different spacings, different high voltage excitation voltages are required to ensure the generation of arc.

[0063] The present invention relates to plasma ignition and enhanced combustion technology in the field of aerospace. Under the swirling action of the working fluid gas, the three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma exciter device blows the arc between the anode electrode rod and the cathode electrode, and finally forms a three-dimensional rotating sliding arc. Specifically, the excitation voltage is connected to the anode center electrode, and the cathode electrode of the exciter is grounded. At the initial position of the gas channel, the minimum gap between the cathode electrode and the tapered electrode is broken down by high voltage to form a discharge arc, and under the blowing of the swirling gas, the arc moves along the cathode channel to form a three-dimensional rotating sliding arc area. And as the flow rate of the working fluid gas changes, the change of the sliding arc is periodic, and various chemically active components such as oxygen atoms, CH groups, ions, active groups, small molecules, active particles, etc. are generated, which can increase the chemical reaction rate, thereby enhancing combustion.

[0064] Although the present invention has been described with reference to preferred embodiments, various modifications may be made thereto and parts thereof may be replaced by equivalents without departing from the scope of the present invention. In particular, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.

[0065] In the description of the present invention, the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0066] In addition, it should be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0067] The term "comprise" or any other similar term is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, article, or apparatus / device that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, article, or apparatus / device.

[0068] So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma actuator device, characterized in that: include: An isolation support having a hollow chamber, one end of which is provided with a first inlet communicating with the hollow chamber, and a side portion thereof is provided with an eccentric inlet communicating with the hollow chamber; the hollow chamber includes a first chamber and a second chamber, the eccentric inlet is opened at a side portion of the first chamber; the longitudinal axis of the second chamber is arranged to coincide with the longitudinal axis of the first chamber; The inner diameter of the first chamber is greater than the inner diameter of the second chamber; The outer diameter of the first chamber is greater than the outer diameter of the second chamber; The exciter housing is composed of a first column segment, a second column segment and a third column segment which are arranged in sequence; the first column segment is used to connect with the isolation support; the inner wall of the second column segment is provided with a raised thread line; the inner wall of the third column segment is provided with a cathode electrode; A central electrode, one end of which is connected to the anode electrode disposed at the top of the isolation support, and the other end of which passes through the first inlet and the hollow chamber and is cantilevered to the inside of the third column section, and a tapered electrode is sleeved on the outer side thereof, and a sliding arc is generated at the minimum distance between the tapered electrode and the cathode electrode; In the working state, after the preset gas is injected from the eccentric inlet, it spontaneously rotates and flows, passes through the raised thread line and the tapered electrode in sequence, and then blows the sliding arc to form a three-dimensional rotating sliding arc.

2. The three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma actuator device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tapered electrode comprises a first cone segment and a second cone segment, and the bottom surface of the second cone segment is connected to the bottom surface of the first cone segment; The longitudinal dimension of the first conical segment is smaller than the longitudinal dimension of the second conical segment; The distance from the top of the first conical segment to the top of the isolation support is L1, and the distance from the end of the raised thread line away from the isolation support to the top of the isolation support is L2, and L2>L1.

3. The three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma actuator device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the first column section is greater than the inner diameter of the second column section; The first column section and the second chamber are sleeved and fixed, and the inner diameter of the second chamber is set to be consistent with the inner diameter of the second column section.

4. The three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma actuator device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first inlet is used to connect to an external air supply device to inject propellant; The eccentric inlet is used for injecting oxidant.

5. The three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma actuator device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The eccentric inlet is a tangential hole centrifugal nozzle.

6. The three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma actuator device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The longitudinal axis of the first inlet, the longitudinal axis of the central electrode, the longitudinal axis of the exciter housing and the longitudinal axis of the hollow chamber are arranged in line with each other.

7. The three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma actuator device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first column segment, the second column segment and the third column segment are integrally formed.

8. The three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma actuator device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The third column section is provided with an external thread section for being fixedly connected to a target object.

9. The three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma actuator device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central electrode is a hollow tube.

10. The three-dimensional rotating sliding arc plasma actuator device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: A sealing member is provided between the first column section and the hollow chamber.

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