A three-dimensional cone cap spray tower plate

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional cone cap spray tower plate, which comprises a plurality of inner cones fixed at intervals on a tower plate at the lower end, the lower end of the inner cone is connected to the gas riser on the tower plate, the upper end of the inner cone is open, the lower end of the inner cone is provided with a liquid inlet, the inner cone is fixedly provided with an outer cone cap, the lower end of the outer cone cap is open and opposite to the lower end of the inner cone, the upper end of the outer cone cap is closed, and the cone surface of the outer cone cap is provided with sieve holes at intervals, the gap width between the cone surface of the inner cone and the outer cone cap is 15-25% of the diameter of the lower end of the outer cone cap, the present invention adopts a three-dimensional structure, the gas-liquid contact area is widened to the area above the tower plate, and the space utilization rate in the tower is effectively increased. Its cone cap structure utilizes the necking principle to increase the gas-liquid flow rate, reaches the spray state, enhances the gas-liquid kinetic energy and turbulence capacity, significantly strengthens the mass transfer capacity of the tower plate, and makes the three-dimensional cone cap spray tower plate have a good application prospect in chemical unit operations such as distillation, absorption, and stripping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a tower equipment internal component, in particular to a three-dimensional cone cap spray tower plate. Background Technology

[0002] Plate tower is the main equipment in the fields of chemical, petroleum, pharmaceutical, etc., and can be used in distillation, absorption, stripping and other occasions. As the core place for gas-liquid contact and mass transfer in plate tower equipment, the plate plays an irreplaceable role. At present, the sieve plates, bubble plates and float valve plates widely used in industry are mostly flat plate structures. Since there is a large gap between two adjacent layers of plates, the gas and liquid phases are only in contact within the surface range of the plates, so there are more blank spaces in the tower, and a large amount of gas and liquid cannot be efficiently contacted, resulting in a waste of available space in the tower. At the same time, the liquid phase forms a thicker liquid layer on the surface of the plate. After the gas phase is perforated, the impact strength of the liquid layer is insufficient, and the liquid layer is not easy to be broken up, which also leads to the inability of gas and liquid to fully mix and contact. The above problems have seriously restricted the further improvement of the mass transfer and production efficiency of the plate. With the development of science and technology, the jet plate has been widely used in the mass transfer and separation industry because it has the characteristics of two-phase co-flow, increasing the gas load and strengthening the contact between the two phases. However, the existing jet carrier plate is in actual use. There are still the following problems: first, the structure is relatively complex, the operation requirements are high, and the production cost is high; second, the pressure drop is high and the stability is poor, which is not conducive to the aggregation and dispersion of droplets and the surface. Therefore, the development of a new type of high-efficiency three-dimensional jet tray with a simple structure, which can improve the utilization rate of the tower space and the degree of gas-liquid contact, has a low operating pressure drop and good stability is a key technical problem that urgently needs to be broken through. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0003] Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes a method which is not only simple in structure, convenient in manufacturing and low in cost, but also in operation, the gas phase carries the liquid phase and accelerates it through the inner cone cylinder, flows at high speed through the channel between the inner cone cylinder and the outer cone cap, and is ejected out from the sieve hole on the outer cone cap. The gas and liquid between adjacent cone caps collide and mix violently, which improves the gas-liquid contact degree and expands the gas-liquid contact to the area above the tower plate, effectively improving the space utilization rate in the tower, and can further strengthen the efficient mass transfer between the gas and liquid phases. It can be used for three-dimensional cone cap injection tower plates in chemical operation units such as distillation, absorption, and stripping.

[0004] The three-dimensional cone cap spray tower plate described in the present invention comprises a plurality of inner cones whose lower ends are fixed on the tower plate at intervals, the lower ends of the inner cones are communicated with the air riser holes on the tower plate, the upper ends of the inner cones are open, the lower ends of the inner cones are provided with a liquid inlet, an outer cone cap is fixedly provided on the inner cone, the lower ends of the outer cone cap are open and opposite to the lower ends of the inner cone, the upper ends of the outer cone cap are closed, sieve holes are arranged at intervals on the cone surface of the outer cone cap, the gap width between the cone surfaces of the inner cone cylinder and the outer cone cap is 15-25% of the diameter of the lower end of the outer cone cap, and the cone angles of the cone surfaces of the inner cone cylinder and the outer cone cap are 50-65°.

[0005] Furthermore, the sieve holes on the conical surface of the outer conical cap are arranged in an equilateral triangle pattern, and the opening ratio (the ratio of the total area of the sieve holes to the area of the conical surface of the outer conical cap) is 15 - 25%.

[0006] The upper and lower ends of the inner conical cylinder are of an open structure, and the diameter of the upper end (top end) of the inner conical cylinder is 20 - 30% of the diameter of its lower end (bottom end).

[0007] In actual operation, for the three - dimensional conical - cap jet tray described in the present invention, a liquid layer with a certain thickness (the same as the height of the liquid inlet) will be formed on the surface of the tray. The gas enters the inner conical cylinder through the gas - rising holes (in the direction of the double - arrow), and at the same time, part of the liquid passes through the gap between the lower end of the three - dimensional conical cap and the tray (liquid inlet), and is driven by the gas to enter the inner conical cylinder and flow upward together. Under the action of the conical structure of the inner conical cylinder, the gas - liquid mixture accelerates and rises in the inner conical cylinder. The gas flows out from the openings at the top of the inner conical cylinder, and then, under the guiding action of the arc - shaped structure at the top of the outer conical cap, it turns into the gap between the inner conical cylinder and the outer conical cap and flows. Due to the relatively high flow velocity of the gas - liquid mixture, most of the gas - liquid mixture will be sprayed obliquely upward from the sieve holes on the conical surface of the outer conical cap, and a small part of the gas - liquid mixture will be sprayed out from the bottom of the gap. The gas - liquid mixture sprayed between adjacent outer conical caps on the tray collides with each other, further promoting the mixed mass transfer of the gas - liquid two - phase flow.

[0008] The three - dimensional conical - cap jet tray described in the present invention adopts a three - dimensional structure, which broadens the gas - liquid contact area to the area above the tray, effectively increasing the space utilization rate inside the tower. Its conical - cap structure uses the necking principle to increase the gas - liquid flow velocity to reach the jet state, enhancing the kinetic energy and turbulence ability of the gas - liquid mixture. Its sieve - hole structure further strengthens the jet intensity of the gas - liquid mixture and makes the gas - liquid dispersion more uniform. The above - mentioned beneficial effects significantly enhance the mass - transfer ability of the tray, making the three - dimensional conical - cap jet tray have good application prospects in chemical unit operations such as rectification, absorption, and stripping. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 is a top - view structural schematic diagram of the three - dimensional conical - cap jet tray of the present invention,

[0010] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial sectional structural schematic diagram of A - A of

[0011] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a stepped sectional structural schematic diagram of B - B of

[0012] Figure 4 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the gas - liquid dispersion device described in the present invention,

[0013] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a stepped sectional structural schematic diagram of C - C of

[0014] Figure 6 is Figure 4 an enlarged schematic diagram of the D-D stepped sectional structure

[0015] Figure 7 is Figure 6 an enlarged schematic diagram of the structure with an E-direction inclined slice

[0016] In the figure, 1. outer cone cap; 2. upper connecting plate; 3. inner cone cylinder; 4. lower connecting plate; 5. fixed support; 6. tray; 7. liquid inlet; 8. gas lifting hole; 9. sieve hole; 10. downcomer connecting edge; 11. support cone sleeve; 12. axial slice; 13. outer spoke; 14. rotating shaft; 15. flat slice; 16. dividing cylinder; 17. inclined slice; 18. inner spoke; 19. intermediate spoke; 20. included angle; 21. outer spray hole Specific implementation mode

[0017] In the figure, a three-dimensional cone cap jet tray includes several inner cone cylinders 3 fixed on the tray 6. The lower end of each inner cone cylinder is fixed on the tray 6 by four L-shaped fixed supports 5 through bolts, riveting or welding (the fixed supports are evenly arranged circumferentially at the lower end of the inner cone cylinder, and the number is preferably 3 - 6). Four long strip-shaped circular arc liquid inlets 7 are arranged at the lower end of the inner cone cylinder between the fixed supports. The height of the liquid inlet is greater than the thickness of the bottom plate (horizontal plate) of the fixed support. The lower end of the inner cone cylinder communicates with the gas lifting holes 8 on the tray, and the upper end of the inner cone cylinder is open. The inner cone cylinders are respectively fixed with outer cone caps 1 by upper connecting plates 2 and lower connecting plates 4 (steel parts). The lower end of the outer cone cap is open and opposite to the lower end of the inner cone cylinder. The upper end of the outer cone cap is circular arc-shaped and closed. Sieve holes 9 are arranged at intervals on the conical surface of the outer cone cap, and the diameter of the sieve holes is 5 - 10 mm. The inner cone cylinder and the outer cone cap are on the same vertical axis, and the gap width (vertical width) between the conical surface of the inner cone cylinder and the conical surface of the outer cone cap is 15 - 25% of the diameter of the lower end of the outer cone cap. The taper of the conical surface of the inner cone cylinder and the outer cone cap is 50 - 65°.

[0018] The outer cone cap has an open structure at the bottom, is sealed with an arc-shaped cap at the top, and the taper of the side wall (conical surface), the ratio of the top diameter to the bottom diameter are consistent with those of the inner cone cylinder.

[0019] Gas lifting holes are evenly opened on the surface of the tray. The gas lifting holes are preferably arranged in an equilateral triangle, and the size of the gas lifting holes is slightly smaller than the bottom diameter of the inner cone cylinder. One side edge of the tray (i.e., the downcomer connecting edge 10) is vacant to facilitate the installation of the downcomer. The shape of the sieve hole is a round hole or can also be a square hole, etc.

[0020] The combination form of the three-dimensional cone cap structure and the tray is that each three-dimensional cone cap structure is placed above each gas lifting hole of the tray, concentrically arranged, with a certain gap left between them, and fixed by supports.

[0021] The said support is used to fix the three-dimensional cone cap structure and the tray, and can adopt ways such as bolts, riveting, welding, etc. The supports are evenly arranged circumferentially, and the number is preferably 3 - 6.

[0022] In order to further improve the gas-liquid kinetic energy and turbulence ability, and make the gas-liquid dispersion more uniform, in the present invention, a gas-liquid dispersion device is fixedly arranged at each sieve hole position on the outer cone cap. The gas-liquid dispersion device includes a support cone sleeve 11 that communicates with the sieve hole 9 and is fixed on the outer cone cap. A splitting cylinder 16 is fixedly connected to the support cone sleeve. Four (or 3, 5 or 6) intermediate spokes 19 evenly distributed in a ring are arranged at the outer end of the support cone sleeve. The cross-section of the splitting cylinder is hyperbolic and both ends are open. Outer spray holes 21 are arranged at intervals and staggered on the cylinder wall of the splitting cylinder. Axial slices 12 distributed at intervals in a ring are arranged at the inner wall position of the splitting cylinder between the outer spray holes. The lower end (near the support cone sleeve end) of the splitting cylinder is fixedly connected to the support cone sleeve through 3 - 4 inner spokes 18, and 3 - 4 outer spokes 13 are arranged at intervals at the upper end (far from the support cone sleeve end) of the splitting cylinder. The intermediate spokes and the outer spokes are respectively movably connected to both ends of a rotating shaft 14 located in the splitting cylinder (the inclined slice on the rotating shaft is affected by the jet force, and the rotating shaft can rotate between the intermediate spokes and the outer spokes). At least one layer, with 4 - 6 flat slices 15 distributed in a ring in each layer, is arranged at the other end of the rotating shaft opposite to the outer spray holes. The flat slices are fixed on the rotating shaft through knife bars. 4 - 6 inclined slices 17 distributed in a ring are arranged on the rotating shaft near the support cone sleeve end. The inclined slices are connected to one end of the knife bar, and the other end of the knife bar is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The flat slices and the inclined slices are arranged alternately. The angle 20 between the inclined slice and the horizontal line is 45 - 60 degrees. The gas-liquid flow ejected from the sieve hole on the outer cone cap enters the splitting cylinder from the outer end of the support cone sleeve. When the inclined slice is affected by the transverse splitting force of the gas-liquid flow jet force, it will drive the rotating shaft to rotate. The rotating shaft drives the flat slices thereon to rotate. Under the action of the flat slices and the axial slices, the gas-liquid flow is further dispersed into thin streams and quickly ejected from the outer spray holes. Thus, most of the gas-liquid flows in the dispersion device collide and mix violently with each other, further improving the gas-liquid contact degree, and also widening the gas-liquid contact to the area above the tray, effectively improving the contact ability in the tower space, and significantly improving the mass transfer ability of the spray impact tray.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional cone cap spray tower plate, characterized by: The utility model comprises a plurality of inner cones (3) whose lower ends are fixed on a tower plate (6) at intervals, wherein the lower ends of the inner cones are connected to the gas riser holes (8) on the tower plate and the upper ends of the inner cones are open, wherein the lower ends of the inner cones are provided with a liquid inlet (7), wherein an outer cone cap (1) is fixedly provided on the inner cone, wherein the lower ends of the outer cone cap are open and opposite to the lower ends of the inner cones, and the upper ends of the outer cone cap are closed, wherein sieve holes (9) are arranged at intervals on the conical surface of the outer cone cap, wherein the gap width between the conical surfaces of the inner cones and the outer cone cap is 15-25% of the diameter of the lower ends of the outer cone cap, and the conical angles of the conical surfaces of the inner cones and the outer cone cap are 50-65°; a gas-liquid dispersion device is fixedly provided at the positions of the sieve holes (9) of the outer cone cap, wherein the gas-liquid dispersion device comprises a supporting cone sleeve (11) connected to each sieve hole and fixed on the outer cone cap, wherein the supporting cone sleeve is fixedly connected to a slitting cylinder (16), and wherein the outer ends of the supporting cone sleeve are provided with intermediate spokes (11) 9), the slitting cylinder has a hyperbolic cross section and is open at both ends, the slitting cylinder is provided with external spray holes (21) at intervals, and the inner wall of the slitting cylinder between the external spray holes is provided with axial slices (12) distributed in an annular manner, the lower end of the slitting cylinder is fixedly connected to the supporting cone sleeve through inner spokes (18), and the upper end of the slitting cylinder is provided with outer spokes (13) at intervals, and the middle spokes (19) and the outer spokes (13) are respectively movably connected to the two ends of the rotating shaft (14) located in the slitting cylinder, and the rotating shaft near one end of the supporting cone sleeve is provided with oblique slices (17) distributed in an annular manner, and at least one layer of flat slices (15) distributed in an annular manner is provided on the other end of the rotating shaft opposite to the external spray holes, and the flat slices and the oblique slices are arranged in an alternate manner, and the angle (20) between the oblique slices and the horizontal line is 45-60 degrees; the diameter of the upper end of the inner cone (3) is 20-30% of the diameter of the lower end thereof.

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