A displacement amplification type friction energy absorber

Abstract

The present invention discloses a displacement amplification type friction energy dissipator, comprising an upper inner steel plate, a lower inner steel plate and at least one group of friction energy dissipation units. The displacement amplification type friction energy dissipator is a symmetrical body having a horizontal symmetry axis. x and the vertical axis of symmetry y The upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate are symmetrical about the horizontal axis. x It is arranged symmetrically up and down, and can undergo horizontal displacement under the action of external force. Each group of friction energy dissipation units includes two friction plates, a rotating component and a rotating limit component. The two friction plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate; the top inner wall surface of each friction plate directly or indirectly cooperates with the upper inner steel plate in friction; the bottom inner wall surface of each friction plate directly or indirectly cooperates with the lower inner steel plate in friction. The present invention provides a displacement amplification type friction energy dissipator, which can flexibly adjust the displacement amplification multiple of the energy dissipator by changing the positional relationship between the pin shaft and the friction plate, and can adjust the bearing capacity of the energy dissipator by increasing or decreasing the number of friction plates, that is, connecting the friction plates in parallel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of energy dissipation and shock absorption in civil engineering, in particular to a displacement amplification type friction energy dissipator. Background Art

[0002] my country is a country with frequent earthquakes. Earthquakes often cause serious damage or even collapse of a large number of houses and bridges. How to reduce structural damage is a key issue for scholars and engineers from all over the world. Energy dissipation and shock absorption technology is to dissipate external energy and reduce the dynamic response of the main structure by adding energy dissipation devices to the building structure. It is widely used in the reinforcement of new structures and existing structures.

[0003] In the past fifty years, energy dissipation devices based on different working principles and application forms have been proposed. Compared with other types of energy dissipators, friction energy dissipation devices have stable energy dissipation, can provide greater initial stiffness and additional damping for the installation structure, and will not cause material yield and fatigue problems during normal service. They are considered to be one of the effective passive energy dissipation devices. The working stroke of traditional friction energy dissipators is the same as the displacement of the connection point. Under the action of small and medium earthquakes, the friction displacement is small and the friction energy dissipation effect cannot be fully exerted. Therefore, the development of a displacement amplification friction energy dissipator suitable for small deformation and simple structure has a broader engineering application prospect. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a displacement amplification type friction energy absorber in view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art. The displacement amplification type friction energy absorber can improve the energy dissipation effect of the friction energy absorber under smaller relative displacement conditions, reduce the structural response of the building structure under small and medium earthquakes, and has a simple structure.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A displacement amplification type friction energy dissipator comprises an upper inner steel plate, a lower inner steel plate and at least one group of friction energy dissipation units.

[0007] The displacement amplification type friction energy absorber is a symmetrical body having a horizontal symmetry axis x and a vertical symmetry axis y.

[0008] The upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate are arranged vertically symmetrically about the horizontal symmetry axis x, and can undergo horizontal displacement under the action of external force.

[0009] Each set of friction energy dissipation units includes two friction plates, a rotating component and a rotating limiting component.

[0010] The two friction plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate; the top inner wall surface of each friction plate directly or indirectly frictionally cooperates with the upper inner steel plate; the bottom inner wall surface of each friction plate directly or indirectly frictionally cooperates with the lower inner steel plate.

[0011] The rotating component includes two pins, one of which is used to hinge the upper inner steel plate with the two friction plates, and the other pin is used to hinge the lower inner steel plate with the two friction plates; when the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate do not undergo horizontal displacement, the two pins are both located on the vertical symmetry axis y and are symmetrical about the horizontal symmetry axis x.

[0012] The rotation limiting component comprises an upper arc groove, a lower arc groove and two pressing rods.

[0013] The upper arc groove is arranged on the top of the upper inner steel plate which is frictionally matched with the inner wall surface of the top of the friction plate.

[0014] The lower arc groove is arranged at the bottom of the lower inner steel plate which is frictionally matched with the inner wall surface of the bottom of the friction plate.

[0015] The two clamping rods are respectively located in the upper arc groove and the lower arc groove, each clamping rod can slide in the upper arc groove or the lower arc groove, and the two ends of each clamping rod respectively pass through the two friction plates and are pressed against the outer wall surfaces of the two friction blocks.

[0016] Assume that the positions of the two pins are both point A, the intersection of the line connecting the two pins and the horizontal symmetry axis x is point O, the position of each clamping rod is point B, and the distance between point O and point A is l OA , the distance between point O and point B is l OB ; According to the horizontal displacement of the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate, adjust l OB The length value of makes the displacement Δs of the upper inner steel plate or the lower inner steel plate relative to point O be amplified.

[0017] when When the displacement Δs of the upper inner steel plate or the lower inner steel plate relative to point O is amplified, the displacement of point B where each clamping rod slides is Δs. times.

[0018] The top inner wall surface of each friction plate is directly friction-matched with the upper inner steel plate, and the bottom inner wall surface of each friction plate is directly friction-matched with the lower inner steel plate; the inner surfaces of the two friction plates corresponding to the two pin shafts are both provided with grooves, so that the end thickness of each friction plate is greater than the middle thickness.

[0019] The top inner wall surface of each friction plate is indirectly frictionally matched with the upper inner steel plate, and the bottom inner wall surface of each friction plate is indirectly frictionally matched with the lower inner steel plate; each friction plate is a plate of equal thickness; and friction plates are provided at the positions where each friction plate frictionally matches with the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate.

[0020] The material of each friction plate is brass, stainless steel or non-asbestos material.

[0021] The top end of the upper inner steel plate and the bottom end of the lower inner steel plate are both provided with end plates.

[0022] Vertical stiffening ribs are arranged on both sides of the upper inner steel plate and both sides of the lower inner steel plate.

[0023] Each friction plate is provided with two pin shaft holes matched with two pin shafts, wherein at least one of the pin shaft holes is a waist-shaped hole arranged vertically.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following characteristics and advantages:

[0026] (1) The present invention provides a displacement amplification type friction energy absorber. When the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate are horizontally displaced by Δ, the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate respectively drive the pin shaft to drive the friction plate to rotate, and the two ends of the friction plate frictionally dissipate energy on the surface of the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate, so that the displacement y of the two ends of the friction plate is larger than the horizontal dislocation displacement Δ, so that more energy can be consumed through friction.

[0027] (2) The present invention provides a displacement amplification type friction energy absorber, which can flexibly adjust the displacement amplification factor of the energy absorber, i.e., y / Δ, by changing the positional relationship between the pin shaft and the friction plate. The bearing capacity of the energy absorber can be adjusted by increasing or decreasing the number of friction plates, i.e., connecting the friction plates in parallel.

[0028] (3) The present invention provides a displacement-amplifying friction energy absorber which uses a pin shaft and a friction plate to transmit and amplify the displacement of the connection point, has stable mechanical properties, does not require the configuration of precision components, and has low requirements for processing and use accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A stereoscopic view of the displacement amplification type friction energy absorber in Example 1 of the present invention is shown.

[0030] Figure 2 It shows a three-dimensional exploded view of the displacement amplification type friction energy absorber of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It shows a front view of the displacement amplification type friction energy absorber of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 The AA cross-sectional view of the displacement amplification type friction energy dissipator of Example 1 of the present invention is shown;

[0033] Figure 5 A deformation demonstration diagram of the displacement amplification type friction energy absorber of Example 1 of the present invention is shown;

[0034] Figure 6 A stereoscopic view of a displacement amplification type friction energy absorber according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention is shown;

[0035] Figure 7 It shows a three-dimensional exploded view of the displacement amplification type friction energy absorber of Example 2 of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 A stereoscopic view of a displacement amplification type friction energy absorber according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention is shown;

[0037] Fig. 9 A three-dimensional diagram showing a displacement-amplifying friction energy dissipator according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention

[0038] Fig.10a The schematic diagram showing the working principle of the displacement amplification friction energy absorber of the present invention Figure 1 .

[0039] Fig.10b A schematic diagram showing the rotation trajectory of the friction plate in the displacement amplification type friction energy absorber of the present invention is shown.

[0040] Fig.10c The schematic diagram showing the working principle of the displacement amplification friction energy absorber of the present invention Figure 2 .

[0041] Among them are:

[0042] 1. Upper inner steel plate; 11. Upper steel plate circular hole; 12. Upper arc groove; 13. Upper end plate; 14. Upper vertical stiffening rib;

[0043] 2. Lower inner steel plate; 21. Circular hole of lower steel plate; 22. Lower arc groove; 23. Lower end plate; 24. Lower vertical stiffening rib;

[0044] 3. Friction plate; 31. Upper waist-shaped hole; 32. Lower waist-shaped hole; 33. Upper bolt through hole; 34. Lower bolt through hole; 35. Groove; 36. Friction plate; 37. Pin shaft round hole;

[0045] 4. Pin;

[0046] 5. Bolt; 51. Bolt head; 52. Bare rod; 53. Threaded part;

[0047] 6. Nut;

[0048] 7. horizontal symmetry axis x;

[0049] 8. Vertical symmetry axis y. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.

[0051] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only shown for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. "First", "second", etc. do not indicate the importance of the parts, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. The specific dimensions used in this embodiment are only shown for the purpose of illustrating the technical solution, and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] The present invention is described in detail by taking the following four preferred embodiments as examples.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a displacement amplification type friction energy dissipator comprises an upper inner steel plate 1, a lower inner steel plate 2 and at least one group of friction energy dissipation units.

[0055] The displacement amplification type friction energy absorber is a symmetrical body having a horizontal symmetry axis x7 and a vertical symmetry axis y8.

[0056] The upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate are arranged vertically symmetrically about the horizontal symmetry axis x, and can undergo horizontal displacement under the action of external force.

[0057] In this embodiment 1, it is preferred to include a group of friction energy dissipation units. Two friction plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate; the top inner wall surface of each friction plate is directly or indirectly frictionally matched with the upper inner steel plate; the bottom inner wall surface of each friction plate is directly or indirectly frictionally matched with the lower inner steel plate. In this embodiment 1, the top inner wall surface of each friction plate is preferably directly frictionally matched with the upper inner steel plate, and the bottom inner wall surface of each friction plate is preferably directly frictionally matched with the lower inner steel plate.

[0058] The rotating component includes two pins 4, one of which is used to hinge the two friction plates with the upper inner steel plate, and the other pin is used to hinge the two friction plates with the lower inner steel plate; in this embodiment 1, the inner surfaces of the two friction plates corresponding to the two pins are preferably provided with grooves 35, so that the end thickness of each friction plate is greater than the middle thickness.

[0059] Each friction plate is provided with two pin holes matched with two pins, wherein at least one pin hole is a waist-shaped hole arranged vertically. In the present embodiment 1, each friction plate is provided with an upper waist-shaped hole 31 and a lower waist-shaped hole 32 arranged vertically.

[0060] When the upper inner steel plate hinges the two friction plates, the pin passes through the upper waist-shaped hole in the friction plate, the upper steel plate circular hole 11 in the upper inner steel plate and the upper waist-shaped hole of the corresponding friction plate in sequence.

[0061] When the lower inner steel plate hinges the two friction plates, the pin passes through the lower waist-shaped hole in the friction plate, the lower steel plate circular hole 21 in the lower inner steel plate and the lower waist-shaped hole of the corresponding friction plate in sequence.

[0062] When the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate do not undergo horizontal displacement, the two pin shafts are both located on the vertical symmetry axis y and are symmetrical about the horizontal symmetry axis x.

[0063] The rotation limiting component comprises an upper arc groove 12, a lower arc groove 22 and two pressing rods.

[0064] The upper arc groove is arranged on the top of the upper inner steel plate which is frictionally matched with the inner wall surface of the top of the friction plate.

[0065] The lower arc groove is arranged at the bottom of the lower inner steel plate which is frictionally matched with the inner wall surface of the bottom of the friction plate.

[0066] The two clamping rods are respectively located in the upper arc groove and the lower arc groove, each clamping rod can slide in the upper arc groove or the lower arc groove, and the two ends of each clamping rod respectively pass through the two friction plates and are pressed against the outer wall surfaces of the two friction blocks.

[0067] The pressing rod is preferably a bolt 5 , which includes a bolt head 51 , a plain rod portion 52 and a threaded portion 53 .

[0068] The bare rod of the bolt is inserted into the upper arc groove or the lower arc groove, and the two ends of the bare rod are respectively passed through the upper bolt through hole 33 or the lower bolt through hole 34 of the two friction plates to form two passing ends. Among them, one passing end is provided with a threaded head, which is pressed against the outer side of the corresponding friction plate, and the outer periphery of the other passing end is provided with a threaded part, and a nut is threadedly connected, and the other friction plate is pressed by rotating the nut.

[0069] Assume that the positions of the two pins are both point A, the intersection of the line connecting the two pins and the horizontal symmetry axis x is point O, the position of each clamping rod is point B, and the distance between point O and point A is l OA , the distance between point O and point B is l OB ; According to the horizontal displacement of the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate, adjust l OB The length value of makes the displacement Δs of the upper inner steel plate or the lower inner steel plate relative to point O be amplified.

[0070] Taking the first embodiment as an example, the working principle of the present invention is as follows: Fig.10a , Fig.10b and Fig.10c In the present embodiment 1, when shear deformation occurs, the friction plate rotates around the center point O in an anti-symmetric manner.

[0071] When the displacement of the upper inner steel plate or the lower inner steel plate relative to point O is Δs, that is, lB'D When the horizontal displacement of the pin A is l AA' .

[0072] The corresponding rotation angle θ of the friction plate relative to the center O can be expressed as:

[0073]

[0074] As shown in Figure 10(b), the geometric relationship can be obtained:

[0075] l AA' = l OA tanθ (2)

[0076] l CD =[(l OB -l OA )-(l OB -l OB' ·cosθ)]·tanθ (3)

[0077] The absolute displacement of the clamping rod is l BB' , the displacement of the clamping rod relative to the upper inner steel plate, that is, the sliding displacement of the top of the friction plate is l BD When the embodiment 1 has the displacement amplification effect, it is necessary to BD >l B'D . And because l BD >l CD and l B'D = l AA' , so combining equations (2) and (3), we only need to satisfy the following equation:

[0078] [(l OB -l OA )-(l OB -l OB' ·cosθ)]·tanθ>l OA tanθ (4)

[0079] Sort it out,

[0080] l OB ·cosθ>2·l OA (5)

[0081] Therefore, let l OB cosθ>2l OA ,Right now Then the displacement Δs of the upper inner steel plate or the lower inner steel plate relative to point O is amplified, so that the ratio of the displacement of point B where each clamping rod slides over to the displacement Δs can be expressed as:

[0082]

[0083] Example 2

[0084] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment 2 is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that the top inner wall surface of each friction plate is indirectly frictionally matched with the upper inner steel plate, and the bottom inner wall surface of each friction plate is indirectly frictionally matched with the lower inner steel plate; each friction plate is a plate of equal thickness; and friction plates 36 are provided at the positions where each friction plate frictionally matches with the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate.

[0085] The material of each friction plate is preferably brass, stainless steel or non-asbestos material. The friction plate contact surface can also be preferably sandblasted.

[0086] In this embodiment 2, an upper end plate 13 is welded at the top end of the upper inner steel plate, and a lower end plate 23 is welded at the bottom end of the lower inner steel plate; upper vertical stiffening ribs 14 are welded at both sides of the upper inner steel plate, and lower vertical stiffening ribs 24 are welded at both sides of the lower inner steel plate.

[0087] Example 3

[0088] like Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment 3 is basically the same as embodiment 2, except that the displacement amplification type friction energy dissipation device adopts multiple groups of friction energy dissipation units.

[0089] Example 4

[0090] like Fig. 9 As shown, this embodiment 4 is basically the same as embodiment 2, except that each friction plate is provided with a vertically arranged waist-shaped hole and a pin shaft circular hole 37.

[0091] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. The present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the technical concept of the present invention, various equivalent transformations can be made to the technical scheme of the present invention, and these equivalent transformations all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A displacement amplification type friction energy absorber, characterized in that: It includes an upper inner steel plate, a lower inner steel plate and at least one set of friction energy dissipation units; The displacement amplification type friction energy absorber is a symmetrical body with a horizontal symmetry axis x and a vertical symmetry axis y; The upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate are arranged vertically symmetrically about the horizontal symmetry axis x, and can be displaced horizontally under the action of external force; Each set of friction energy dissipation units includes two friction plates, a rotating component and a rotating limit component; The two friction plates are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate; the top inner wall surface of each friction plate directly or indirectly frictionally cooperates with the upper inner steel plate; the bottom inner wall surface of each friction plate directly or indirectly frictionally cooperates with the lower inner steel plate; The rotating component includes two pins, one of which is used to hinge the upper inner steel plate with the two friction plates, and the other pin is used to hinge the lower inner steel plate with the two friction plates; when the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate do not have horizontal displacement, the two pins are both located on the vertical symmetry axis y and are symmetrical about the horizontal symmetry axis x; The rotation limiting component includes an upper arc groove, a lower arc groove and two pressing rods; The upper arc groove is arranged on the top of the upper inner steel plate which is frictionally matched with the inner wall surface of the top of the friction plate; The lower arc groove is arranged at the bottom of the lower inner steel plate which is frictionally matched with the inner wall surface of the bottom of the friction plate; Each friction plate is provided with two pin holes matched with two pins, and the two pin holes are waist-shaped holes arranged vertically; The two clamping rods are respectively located in the upper arc groove and the lower arc groove, each clamping rod can slide in the upper arc groove or the lower arc groove, and the two ends of each clamping rod respectively pass through the two friction plates and are pressed against the outer wall surfaces of the two friction blocks; When the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate are horizontally displaced by Δ, the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate drive the pin shaft respectively to drive the friction plate to rotate, and the two ends of the friction plate dissipate energy by friction on the surfaces of the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate, so that the displacement y of the two ends of the friction plate is larger than the horizontal dislocation displacement Δ, so that energy can be consumed by friction; By changing the positional relationship between the pin and the friction plate, the displacement magnification factor y / Δ of the energy absorber can be flexibly adjusted; Assume that the positions of the two pins are both point A, the intersection of the line connecting the two pins and the horizontal symmetry axis x is point O, the position of each clamping rod is point B, and the distance between point O and point A is l OA , the distance between point O and point B is l OB ; According to the horizontal displacement of the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate, adjust l OB The length value of makes the displacement △s of the upper inner steel plate or the lower inner steel plate relative to point O be amplified; when When the displacement of the upper inner steel plate or the lower inner steel plate relative to point O is amplified, the displacement of point B where each clamping rod slides is △s. times.

2. The displacement amplification type friction energy absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top inner wall surface of each friction plate is directly friction-matched with the upper inner steel plate, and the bottom inner wall surface of each friction plate is directly friction-matched with the lower inner steel plate; the middle inner surfaces of the two friction plates corresponding to the two pin shafts are provided with grooves, so that the end thickness of each friction plate is greater than the middle thickness.

3. The displacement amplification type friction energy absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top inner wall surface of each friction plate is indirectly frictionally matched with the upper inner steel plate, and the bottom inner wall surface of each friction plate is indirectly frictionally matched with the lower inner steel plate; each friction plate is a plate of equal thickness; and friction plates are provided at the positions where each friction plate frictionally matches with the upper inner steel plate and the lower inner steel plate.

4. The displacement amplification type friction energy absorber according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The material of each friction plate is brass, stainless steel or non-asbestos material.

5. The displacement amplification type friction energy absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top end of the upper inner steel plate and the bottom end of the lower inner steel plate are both provided with end plates.

6. The displacement amplification type friction energy absorber according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: Vertical stiffening ribs are arranged on both sides of the upper inner steel plate and both sides of the lower inner steel plate.

Images