Positive Accumulated Temperature Ventilation Regulation Device and Method for Louver-Type Separated Wall Thermal Insulation Structure of Tunnels in Cold Regions

Abstract

The positive accumulated temperature ventilation control device of the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure for cold-region tunnels disclosed by the present invention includes a louvered separated-wall thermal insulation system and a control system. The louvered separated-wall thermal insulation system includes a number of louvered separated-wall thermal insulation units arranged along the length direction of the tunnel on the inner side of the lining. Each louvered separated-wall thermal insulation unit includes multiple louver thermal insulation sheets, a driving link, an opening and closing rotating shaft, and a driving motor. The multiple louver thermal insulation sheets are connected in series by the driving link. The driving link is connected to the opening and closing rotating shaft, and the opening and closing rotating shaft is driven by the driving motor. The control system includes an outdoor thermometer, a temperature control switch, and an opening and closing controller. The outdoor thermometer is arranged outside the tunnel entrance. The outdoor thermometer is connected to the temperature control switch through a temperature signal wire. The temperature control switch is used to control the opening and closing of the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation unit. The present invention prevents and controls tunnel frost damage through the combined action of the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure and regulated ventilation, with a wider application range, lower costs and operating expenses, less impact on traffic, and better thermal insulation effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of prevention and control of tunnel frost damage, which is urgently needed in the construction of national key projects such as railway and highway transportation in the high-altitude cold regions of the western and northeastern plateaus of China. Specifically, it is a positive accumulated temperature ventilation regulation device and method for a louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure in cold-region tunnels. Background Technique

[0002] With the further development and construction of railway and highway transportation in the high-altitude cold regions of the western and northeastern plateaus of China, the transportation network urgently needs to gradually extend to cold regions with important national defense and international strategic significance. For example, the national key projects, the Qinghai-Tibet Expressway and the Sichuan-Tibet Railway, are both located in the high-altitude cold region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. And for the most difficult construction section of the Sichuan-Tibet Railway from Yaan to Nyingchi, the tunnel line accounts for 84.56%. The frost damage problem of the tunnel is serious. After more than 70% of the tunnels are put into operation, different degrees of frost damage disasters such as lining frost heaving cracking, water leakage and ice hanging, and tunnel bottom bulging and icing have successively occurred. The prevention and control of tunnel frost damage has become a "bottleneck" problem for infrastructure construction in the high-altitude cold regions of the western and northeastern plateaus and the construction of national key projects such as the Sichuan-Tibet Railway. As a thermal insulation and anti-freezing measure for cold-region tunnels, the separated-wall thermal insulation structure has also been adopted in cold-region tunnel projects. And the ventilation system, as a ventilation system for discharging harmful gases in the tunnel outside the tunnel, has been widely used in tunnel projects. However, in cold regions, the surrounding rock in the tunnel faces the problem of gradually freezing in a low-temperature environment, which leads to different degrees of frost damage to the tunnel. At present, the common anti-freezing and heat preservation measures for cold-region tunnel linings and surrounding rocks are mainly laying thermal insulation layers, active heating methods, etc. Laying thermal insulation layers is currently used as the thermal insulation measure for most cold-region tunnels. Although it can slow down the heat exchange between the surrounding rock and the cold air in the tunnel, reduce the freeze-thaw circle of the surrounding rock, and alleviate tunnel frost damage, it cannot prevent the surrounding rock from finally freezing. The active heating method has high requirements for electric heating devices and their corresponding supporting facilities. It needs to be equipped with special cable short-circuit monitors, alarms, temperature controllers, etc. The control system is complex, the energy consumption is large, the management is complex, and the operation cost is high. Moreover, the failure risk is high and the failure consequences are very serious. Therefore, it has great limitations.

[0003] One direction to reduce the engineering investment and operation cost of cold-region tunnel frost damage prevention and control measures and increase the cold-region tunnel frost damage prevention and control effect is to regulate ventilation technology. Therefore, the present invention proposes a tunnel anti-freezing technology that combines the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure and regulated ventilation. Through the combined action of the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure and regulated ventilation, tunnel frost damage prevention and control are carried out. Its application range is wide and it is economically reasonable. At the same time, the requirements for corresponding supporting facilities are low, the energy consumption is small, the management is convenient, and the operation cost is low. And it is especially suitable for the situation where the temperature difference is large in the cold season and there is a positive temperature. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a positive accumulated temperature ventilation control device and method for a louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure of a cold-region tunnel, aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art. Through the combined action of the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure and the control ventilation, the tunnel freeze damage prevention and control can be carried out, with a wider application range, lower costs and operating expenses, less impact on traffic, and better thermal insulation effect.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows: A positive accumulated temperature ventilation control device for a louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure of a cold-region tunnel includes a louvered separated-wall thermal insulation system and a control system. The louvered separated-wall thermal insulation system includes a number of louvered separated-wall thermal insulation units arranged along the tunnel length direction. The number of louvered separated-wall thermal insulation units is arranged on the inner side of the lining, and the lining is laid on the inner wall of the surrounding rock of the tunnel. An air layer is provided between the number of louvered separated-wall thermal insulation units and the lining. Each louvered separated-wall thermal insulation unit includes a plurality of louver thermal insulation sheets, a driving connecting rod, an opening and closing rotating shaft, and a driving motor. The plurality of louver thermal insulation sheets are connected in series by the driving connecting rod. The driving connecting rod is connected to the opening and closing rotating shaft, and the opening and closing rotating shaft is driven by the driving motor. The control system includes an outside-tunnel thermometer, a temperature control switch, and an opening and closing controller. The outside-tunnel thermometer is arranged outside the tunnel entrance. The outside-tunnel thermometer is connected to the temperature control switch through a temperature signal wire. The temperature control switch is used to control the opening and closing controller according to the air temperature outside the tunnel, and the opening and closing controller controls the rotation angle of the opening and closing rotating shaft, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation unit.

[0006] The positive accumulated temperature ventilation control device of the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure for cold-region tunnels in the present invention can control the opening and closing of its louvered separated-wall thermal insulation system according to the air temperature outside the tunnel entrance, realizing the free switching between the non-thermal insulation state and the separated-wall thermal insulation state of the tunnel. When the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation system is opened, the tunnel cross-section is equivalent to having no thermal insulation layer, and the air inside the entire tunnel can fully exchange heat with the lining and surrounding rock. Under the positive accumulated temperature ventilation control, the heat stored in the lining and surrounding rock increases. In the past, the positive accumulated temperature control of the structure with a separated-wall thermal insulation layer could only be carried out in a limited air layer, with limited heat exchange, and it was necessary to rely on various pipes and auxiliary devices to achieve positive accumulated temperature ventilation control. Compared with the past separated-wall thermal insulation layer structure, the positive accumulated temperature ventilation control of the control device in the present invention has high efficiency, less energy loss, and less energy consumption. Compared with the past active heating technology, the control device in the present invention can greatly reduce the operation cost. In addition, since each louver thermal insulation sheet in the present invention is independent, if there is damage or other abnormalities, the louver thermal insulation sheet can be replaced separately. However, if the devices used in the past active heating technology are damaged, they must be replaced in the entire tunnel cross-section. Compared with the past cold-proof thermal insulation doors, the control device in the present invention does not require the installation of thermal insulation doors. When the air temperature outside the tunnel entrance meets the ventilation control requirements, the heat outside the tunnel can be brought into the tunnel without being affected by the traffic flow, and it does not affect the normal operation of the traffic, with a relatively low project investment. From the perspective of long-term anti-freezing effect, the economy and reliability of the control device in the present invention are superior to those of the active heating technology and the cold-proof thermal insulation doors.

[0007] Preferably, the several louvered separated-wall thermal insulation units are arranged at intervals of 4 - 5 m along the tunnel length direction.

[0008] Preferably, one temperature control switch and one opening and closing controller are arranged every 200 m along the tunnel length direction to control the rotation angle of the opening and closing rotating shaft and the opening and closing of the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation units within a range of 200 m.

[0009] Preferably, one temperature control switch and one opening and closing controller arranged every 200 m along the tunnel length direction are arranged in an equipment box, and the equipment box is arranged on the side wall of the tunnel.

[0010] Preferably, the thickness of each louver thermal insulation sheet is 4 - 8 cm and the width is 10 - 20 cm.

[0011] Preferably, the driving motor and the opening and closing rotating shaft are arranged in an equipment groove.

[0012] A positive accumulated temperature ventilation control method for the louvered separated-wall insulation structure of a cold-region tunnel implemented using the above device. When the air temperature outside the tunnel reaches or is higher than the starting temperature of the temperature control switch, the opening and closing controller operates and controls the opening and closing rotating shaft to rotate a certain angle in the opening direction, and the louvered separated-wall insulation system opens, enabling the lining and surrounding rock to be in a non-insulated state. Thus, the air inside the tunnel convects with the air in the air layer to conduct positive accumulated temperature ventilation control, increasing the temperature of the lining and surrounding rock to store heat. When the air temperature outside the tunnel is lower than the starting temperature of the temperature control switch, the opening and closing controller operates and controls the opening and closing rotating shaft to rotate a certain angle in the closing direction, and the louvered separated-wall insulation system closes, enabling the lining and surrounding rock to be in a separated-wall insulation state. Thus, the cold quantity entering the lining and surrounding rock is reduced, achieving the effect of preventing tunnel frost damage.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: By opening and closing the louvered separated-wall insulation system, the present invention increases the temperature of the lining and surrounding rock or insulates the lining and surrounding rock, with low energy consumption. It can make full use of the characteristics of the daily fluctuation of the air temperature, allowing more warm air to enter the tunnel and increasing the air temperature inside the tunnel during the winter period. Compared with the conventional separated-wall insulation layer structure, the positive accumulated temperature ventilation control of the control device of the present invention has high efficiency, less energy loss, and low energy consumption. Compared with the prior active heating technology, the control device of the present invention can significantly reduce the operation cost and is convenient for maintenance. Compared with the prior cold-proof insulation door, the control device of the present invention can bring the heat outside the tunnel into the tunnel without being affected by the traffic flow and does not affect the normal operation of the traffic, with a relatively low project investment. In terms of the long-term anti-freezing effect, the economy and reliability of the control device of the present invention are superior to those of the active heating technology and the cold-proof insulation door. The present invention conducts tunnel frost damage prevention and control through the combined action of the louvered separated-wall insulation structure and control ventilation, with a wider application range, lower cost and operation cost, less impact on traffic, and better insulation effect. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic partial longitudinal section view of a tunnel equipped with the positive accumulated temperature ventilation control device for the louvered separated-wall insulation structure of a cold-region tunnel in Embodiment 1;

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-section view of a tunnel equipped with the positive accumulated temperature ventilation control device for the louvered separated-wall insulation structure of a cold-region tunnel in Embodiment 1;

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic view of the closed state of the louvered separated-wall insulation system in Embodiment 1;

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the opened state of the louvered separated-wall insulation system in Embodiment 1. Detailed Embodiments

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments with reference to the drawings.

[0019] Embodiment 1: A positive accumulated temperature ventilation control device for a louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure in a cold-region tunnel, as Figures 1 to 4 shown, which includes a louvered separated-wall thermal insulation system and a control system. The louvered separated-wall thermal insulation system includes a number of louvered separated-wall thermal insulation units 4 arranged along the length direction of the tunnel. The number of louvered separated-wall thermal insulation units 4 is arranged on the inner side of the lining 2, and the lining 2 is laid on the inner wall of the surrounding rock 1 of the tunnel. An air layer 3 is provided between the number of louvered separated-wall thermal insulation units 4 and the lining 2. Each louvered separated-wall thermal insulation unit 4 includes a plurality of louver thermal insulation sheets 41, a driving connecting rod 10, an opening and closing rotating shaft 9, and a driving motor 11. The plurality of louver thermal insulation sheets 41 are connected in series by the driving connecting rod 10. The driving connecting rod 10 is connected to the opening and closing rotating shaft 9, and the opening and closing rotating shaft 9 is driven by the driving motor 11. The control system includes an outside-tunnel thermometer 5, a temperature control switch 6, and an opening and closing controller 7. The outside-tunnel thermometer 5 is arranged outside the tunnel entrance. The outside-tunnel thermometer 5 is connected to the temperature control switch 6 through a temperature signal line 8. The temperature control switch 6 is used to control the opening and closing controller 7 according to the air temperature outside the tunnel, and the opening and closing controller 7 controls the rotation angle of the opening and closing rotating shaft 9, thereby controlling the opening and closing of the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation unit 4.

[0020] In Embodiment 1, the number of louvered separated-wall thermal insulation units 4 is arranged at intervals of 4 - 5 m along the length direction of the tunnel; a temperature control switch 6 and an opening and closing controller 7 are arranged every 200 m along the length direction of the tunnel to control the rotation angle of the opening and closing rotating shaft 9 and the opening and closing of the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation unit 4 within a range of 200 m; a temperature control switch 6 and an opening and closing controller 7 arranged every 200 m along the length direction of the tunnel are arranged in an equipment box 12, and the equipment box 12 is arranged at the side wall of the tunnel; the thickness of each louver thermal insulation sheet 41 is 5 cm and the width is 15 cm; the driving motor 11 and the opening and closing rotating shaft 9 are arranged in an equipment groove 13.

[0021] Embodiment 2: A method for positive accumulated temperature ventilation control of a louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure in a cold-region tunnel using the device of Embodiment 1: After the positive accumulated temperature ventilation control device for the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure in the cold-region tunnel of Embodiment 1 is installed and built, during use, when the air temperature outside the tunnel reaches or is higher than the starting temperature (such as set at 5°C) of the set temperature control switch 6, the opening and closing controller 7 works and controls the opening and closing rotating shaft 9 to rotate a certain angle (such as 10 - 15°) along the opening direction, and the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation system opens (such as Figure 4as shown), without invading the construction clearance of the tunnel, so that the lining 2 and the surrounding rock 1 are in a non-thermal insulation state, enabling the air in the tunnel to convect with the air in the air layer 3 for positive accumulated temperature ventilation control, increasing the temperature of the lining 2 and the surrounding rock 1 to store heat; when the air temperature outside the tunnel is lower than the starting temperature of the temperature control switch 6, the opening and closing controller 7 operates and controls the opening and closing rotating shaft 9 to rotate a certain angle in the closing direction, and the louvered off-wall thermal insulation system closes (as Figure 3 shown), so that the lining 2 and the surrounding rock 1 are in an off-wall thermal insulation state, thereby reducing the entry of cold into the lining 2 and the surrounding rock 1 to avoid negative temperature accumulation in the surrounding rock 1, thus achieving the effect of preventing and controlling tunnel frost damage.

Claims

1. Positive temperature ventilation control device for the shutter-type separated wall thermal insulation structure of tunnels in cold regions, characterized in that, It includes a louvered off-wall thermal insulation system and a control system. The louvered off-wall thermal insulation system includes a number of louvered off-wall thermal insulation units arranged along the length direction of the tunnel. The number of louvered off-wall thermal insulation units are arranged on the inner side of the lining, and the lining is laid on the inner wall of the surrounding rock of the tunnel. An air layer is provided between the number of louvered off-wall thermal insulation units and the lining. Each louvered off-wall thermal insulation unit includes multiple louver thermal insulation sheets, a driving connecting rod, an opening and closing rotating shaft, and a driving motor. The multiple louver thermal insulation sheets are connected in series by the driving connecting rod. The driving connecting rod is connected to the opening and closing rotating shaft, and the opening and closing rotating shaft is driven by the driving motor. The control system includes an outside-tunnel thermometer, a temperature control switch, and an opening and closing controller. The outside-tunnel thermometer is arranged outside the tunnel entrance. The outside-tunnel thermometer is connected to the temperature control switch through a temperature signal wire. The temperature control switch is used to control the opening and closing controller according to the air temperature outside the tunnel. The opening and closing controller controls the rotation angle of the opening and closing rotating shaft, and further controls the opening and closing of the louvered off-wall thermal insulation unit.

2. The positive accumulated temperature ventilation control device for the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure of cold region tunnels according to claim 1, wherein The number of louvered off-wall thermal insulation units are arranged at intervals of 4 - 5 m along the length direction of the tunnel.

3. The positive accumulated temperature ventilation control device for the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure of cold region tunnels according to claim 2, wherein, One temperature control switch and one opening and closing controller are arranged every 200 m along the length direction of the tunnel to control the rotation angle of the opening and closing rotating shaft and the opening and closing of the louvered off-wall thermal insulation unit within a range of 200 m.

4. The positive accumulated temperature ventilation control device of the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure for cold region tunnels according to claim 3, characterized in that, One temperature control switch and one opening and closing controller arranged every 200 m along the length direction of the tunnel are arranged in an equipment box, and the equipment box is arranged at the side wall of the tunnel.

5. The positive accumulated temperature ventilation control device for the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure of cold-region tunnels according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of each louver thermal insulation sheet is 4 - 8 cm, and the width is 10 - 20 cm.

6. The positive accumulated temperature ventilation control device for the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure of cold region tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that The driving motor and the opening and closing rotating shaft are arranged in an equipment groove.

7. A positive accumulated temperature ventilation control method for the louvered separated-wall thermal insulation structure of a cold-region tunnel implemented by using the device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, When the air temperature outside the tunnel reaches or is higher than the starting temperature set by the temperature control switch, the opening and closing controller works and controls the opening and closing rotating shaft to rotate a certain angle in the opening direction, and the louvered off-wall thermal insulation system opens, so that the lining and the surrounding rock are in a non-thermal insulation state, so that the air in the tunnel convects with the air in the air layer to carry out positive accumulated temperature ventilation regulation, and the temperature of the lining and the surrounding rock is increased to store heat; when the air temperature outside the tunnel is lower than the starting temperature set by the temperature control switch, the opening and closing controller works and controls the opening and closing rotating shaft to rotate a certain angle in the closing direction, and the louvered off-wall thermal insulation system closes, so that the lining and the surrounding rock are in an off-wall thermal insulation state, so as to reduce the cold quantity entering the lining and the surrounding rock, and achieve the effect of preventing tunnel frost damage.

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