High-speed buffer cylinder for hydraulic hoist of gates in water conservancy and hydropower projects or avionics projects

Abstract

The present invention provides a high-speed buffer oil cylinder of a hydraulic hoist for a gate of a water conservancy and hydropower project or an avionics project. A piston rod is arranged in the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, and an expansion sleeve is arranged near the piston on the piston rod. A spiral groove sleeve is arranged at the end of the rod cavity of the cylinder body. When the piston approaches the end of the rod cavity, a clearance fit is formed between the expansion sleeve and the spiral groove sleeve. At least one spiral groove is arranged on the inner wall of the spiral groove sleeve, and the end of the spiral groove is open toward one end of the piston, and the spiral groove constitutes a hydraulic oil buffer oil leakage channel. By adopting a scheme in which the expansion sleeve cooperates with the spiral groove sleeve and an end-open spiral groove is arranged on the inner wall of the spiral groove sleeve, the dimensional accuracy of the leakage gap is reliably controlled, the oil leakage distance is extended, and the buffering effect under heavy load and high speed of 10 meters per minute is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of hoist accessories for large-opening water conservancy and hydropower engineering or avionics engineering gates, in particular to a high-speed buffer oil cylinder of a hydraulic hoist for water conservancy and hydropower engineering or avionics engineering gates. Background Art

[0002] The hoist in the water conservancy project is used to raise or lower the hydraulic gate. The height of the hydraulic gate can usually reach ten to more than ten meters, and the length of the supporting lifting hydraulic cylinder is also more than 10 meters. In order to improve the working efficiency of the hoist and emergency closure under special working conditions, the fastest descending speed of the hydraulic cylinder can reach about 10 meters / min. At this speed, the deadweight of the gate and the hydraulic cylinder body causes a large impact, affecting the service life of the hydraulic cylinder. In the scheme of the prior art, a small matching gap and a small hole oil leakage method are usually used to achieve buffering. For example, this buffering structure is recorded in a precision adjustable buffer type hydraulic cylinder in Chinese patent document CN 211623861 U. However, based on efficiency considerations, the buffer section cannot be set too long. When the buffer section is short, the buffering effect depends on the gap between the piston rod and the sleeve in the cylinder body. Due to the error of machining accuracy or wear, this matching accuracy is difficult to control and it is difficult to achieve the expected buffering effect. Especially for hydraulic cylinders with larger volumes, it is very difficult to adapt the buffering effect through machining gaps. During the gate lowering process, due to the volume difference between the rod chamber and the rodless chamber, the rodless chamber needs to be replenished from the hydraulic oil tank each time it is lowered. Usually, the distance between the hydraulic oil tank and the hydraulic cylinder is short, and replenishing the rodless chamber will also affect the efficiency of gate opening and closing. Moreover, if the oil is replenished too slowly, the negative pressure generated in the rodless chamber can easily cause damage to the equipment. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-speed buffer oil cylinder for a hydraulic gate hoist for a water conservancy and hydropower project or an avionics project gate, which can ensure the buffering effect when running quickly over a long distance, for example, in the process of the gate descending, at a position close to the end of the stroke, it has a sufficiently reliable buffering effect. In a preferred solution, the buffering effect can be reliably adjusted, thereby reducing the requirements for processing accuracy, and while ensuring the buffering effect, it can also achieve a rapid start-up and lifting operation. It can also ensure the speed of rapid descent.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a high-speed buffer oil cylinder of a hydraulic gate opening and closing machine for water conservancy and hydropower engineering or avionics engineering gates, a piston rod is provided in the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder, an expansion sleeve is provided on the piston rod near the piston, and a spiral groove sleeve is provided at the end of the rod cavity of the cylinder body. When the piston is close to the end of the rod cavity, a clearance fit is formed between the expansion sleeve and the spiral groove sleeve, at least one spiral groove is provided on the inner wall of the spiral groove sleeve, the end of the spiral groove is open toward one end of the piston, and the spiral groove constitutes a hydraulic oil buffer oil leakage channel.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment, a first oil port, a second oil port and a third oil port are provided on the outer wall of the cylinder body, the first oil port is connected to the rodless chamber, the second oil port and the third oil port are connected to the rod chamber, the second oil port is located at the end position of the rod chamber, and the third oil port is located near the end of the spiral groove sleeve close to the piston.

[0006] In a preferred solution, the second oil port is connected to the third oil port through a pipeline, and an oil inlet check valve is provided on the pipeline so that the third oil port can only take in oil but not discharge oil, and the second oil port is used to connect to the oil inlet pipe.

[0007] In a preferred solution, a step is provided on the outer edge of one end of the piston close to the third oil port, and the step is used to form a cavity at the position of the third oil port.

[0008] In a preferred solution, a replaceable orifice plate is provided at the second oil port, and the buffering speed of the piston rod is assisted in adjusting by replacing the orifice plate with different apertures.

[0009] In the preferred scheme, the first oil port of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the oil return circuit, and the second oil port of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the oil inlet circuit. A straight oil circuit and a buffer oil circuit are provided between the oil inlet circuit and the oil return circuit. An adjustable flow valve is provided on the buffer oil circuit. Switching solenoid valves are provided on the straight oil circuit and the buffer oil circuit. The switching solenoid valve is used to switch between the straight oil circuit and the buffer oil circuit.

[0010] In a preferred solution, a thickened section is provided on the cylinder body, and the position and length of the thickened section correspond to the position and length of the spiral groove sleeve.

[0011] In the preferred solution, the hydraulic cylinder is installed vertically, with the cylinder body on top and the piston rod on the bottom. An oil replenishing chamber is provided at the end of the cylinder body. The oil replenishing chamber is connected to the rodless chamber of the cylinder body through a one-way valve for one-way oil inlet. The volume of the oil replenishing chamber is greater than or equal to the sum of the volumes of the piston and the piston rod. An oil replenishing port is provided on the oil replenishing chamber, and the oil replenishing port is used for separate oil supply.

[0012] A liquid level sensor is arranged in the oil replenishing chamber, the oil replenishing chamber is communicated with the atmosphere, and an air filter is arranged at the air inlet of the oil replenishing chamber.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the number of the spiral grooves is 1 to 4.

[0014] A connector is provided at the end of the piston rod, and a joint ring is provided on the connector, wherein the through hole of the joint ring is perpendicular to the axis of the piston rod;

[0015] A relative or absolute sensor is provided at the end of the rod cavity on the outer wall of the cylinder body, wherein the absolute sensor is used to detect the absolute displacement value of the piston rod.

[0016] The invention provides a high-speed buffer oil cylinder of a hydraulic gate hoist for a water conservancy and hydropower project or an avionics project gate. By adopting an expanded sleeve and a spiral groove sleeve, and setting an end-open spiral groove on the inner wall of the spiral groove sleeve, the dimensional accuracy of the leakage gap is reliably controlled, the oil leakage distance is extended, and the buffering effect under a large load and a high speed of 10 meters per minute is ensured. The replaceable orifice plate structure is provided, so that the buffering speed can be adjusted by replacing the orifice plates with different flow cross-sections as needed. The independent buffer oil circuit provided can further realize the online adjustment of the buffering effect. The third oil port provided can realize the rapid lifting of the hydraulic cylinder, avoiding the influence of the lifting speed due to the slow oil inlet speed of the spiral groove. The provided oil replenishment chamber can quickly replenish the hydraulic cylinder, make up for the volume difference between the rod chamber and the dry chamber, so that the descending speed of the hydraulic cylinder will not be affected. The provided liquid level sensor can assist in judging whether the piston rod has a gate sliding condition caused by internal leakage, and the sliding distance. The provided absolute value sensor can read the actual position of the piston rod after power failure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments:

[0018] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a side cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 It is the principle diagram of the hydraulic control oil circuit of the present invention.

[0021] In the figure: hydraulic cylinder 1, oil replenishing chamber 2, liquid level sensor 3, oil replenishing port 4, air filter 5, one-way valve 6, cylinder body 7, piston 8, first oil port 9, step 10, expansion sleeve 11, piston rod 12, thickening section 13, spiral groove sleeve 14, orifice plate 15, connector 16, joint ring 17, third oil port 18, oil inlet one-way valve 19, second oil port 20, oil inlet oil circuit one-way valve 21, main solenoid valve 22, switching solenoid valve 23, adjustable flow valve 24, oil drain valve 25, oil inlet oil circuit 26, straight oil circuit 27, oil return oil circuit 28, oil drain oil circuit 29, absolute value sensor 30. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] like Figure 1 , 2 In the invention, a high-speed buffer oil cylinder of a hydraulic gate opening and closing machine for a water conservancy and hydropower project or an avionics project gate is provided. A piston rod 12 is provided in the cylinder body 7 of the hydraulic cylinder 1. Preferably, the length of the hydraulic cylinder 1 reaches more than 10 meters. A diameter expansion sleeve 11 is provided near the piston 8 on the piston rod 12. A spiral groove sleeve 14 is provided at the end of the rod cavity of the cylinder body 7. When the piston 8 is close to the end of the rod cavity, a clearance fit is formed between the diameter expansion sleeve 11 and the spiral groove sleeve 14. At least one spiral groove is provided on the inner wall of the spiral groove sleeve 14. The end of the spiral groove is open toward one end of the piston 8. The spiral groove constitutes a hydraulic oil buffer oil leakage channel. With this structure, the buffering effect can be ensured. First, the cross section of the spiral groove can be accurately controlled by machining, thereby accurately controlling the oil leakage section and ensuring that the buffering speed is controllable. Second, the spiral groove extends the oil leakage distance, which helps to shorten the length of the buffer section, shorten the buffer distance, and increase the reliability. The extension of the oil leakage distance also reduces the requirements for the accuracy of the spiral groove cross section and the clearance accuracy between the diameter expansion sleeve 11 and the spiral groove sleeve 14.

[0023] The preferred solution is Figure 1 In the figure, a first oil port 9, a second oil port 20 and a third oil port 18 are provided on the outer wall of the cylinder body 7, the first oil port 9 is connected with the rodless chamber, the second oil port 20 and the third oil port 18 are connected with the rod chamber, wherein the second oil port 20 is located at the end position of the rod chamber, and the third oil port 18 is located near the end of the spiral groove sleeve 14 close to the piston 8.

[0024] The preferred solution is Figure 1 In the embodiment, the second oil port 20 is connected to the third oil port 18 through a pipeline, and an oil inlet check valve 19 is provided on the pipeline so that the third oil port 18 can only take in oil but not discharge oil. The second oil port 20 is used to be connected to the oil inlet pipe.

[0025] The preferred solution is Figure 1 In the embodiment, a step 10 is provided on the outer edge of one end of the piston 8 near the third oil port 18, and the step 10 is used to form a cavity at the position of the third oil port 18. According to the above scheme, when the gate is lifted, that is, when the piston rod 12 is extended, the oil can directly enter the cavity formed by the step 10 from the third oil port 18, avoiding the problem of slow oil inlet speed of the spiral groove of the buffer section. The lifting speed is improved.

[0026] In a preferred solution, a replaceable orifice plate 15 is provided at the second oil port 20, and the buffer speed of the piston rod 12 is assisted by replacing the orifice plate 15 with different apertures. With this structure, the buffer speed can be further fine-tuned, further reducing the requirements for processing accuracy.

[0027] The preferred solution is Figure 3In the embodiment, the first oil port 9 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is connected to the oil return oil circuit 28, the second oil port 20 of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is connected to the oil inlet oil circuit 26, a straight oil circuit 27 and a buffer oil circuit are provided between the oil inlet oil circuit 26 and the oil return oil circuit 28, an adjustable flow valve 24 is provided on the buffer oil circuit, and a switching solenoid valve 23 is provided on the straight oil circuit 27 and the buffer oil circuit, and the switching solenoid valve 23 is used to switch between the straight oil circuit 27 and the buffer oil circuit. With this structure, by operating the switching solenoid valve 23, it is possible to switch to the buffer oil circuit when returning oil, and by adjusting the opening of the adjustable flow valve 24 online, it is possible to adjust the buffer speed online.

[0028] The preferred solution is Figure 1 In the embodiment, a thickened section 13 is provided on the cylinder body 7, and the position and length of the thickened section 13 correspond to the position and length of the spiral groove sleeve 14. With this structure, since this section bears great pressure during the buffering process, the thickened section 13 increases the strength of the cylinder body 7 in this section, ensuring safety.

[0029] The preferred solution is Figure 1 In the figure, the hydraulic cylinder 1 is installed vertically, with the cylinder body 7 on the top and the piston rod 12 on the bottom. The end of the cylinder body 7 is provided with an oil replenishing chamber 2, and the oil replenishing chamber 2 is connected with the rodless chamber of the cylinder body 7 through a one-way valve 6 for one-way oil inlet. The volume of the oil replenishing chamber 2 is greater than or equal to the sum of the volumes of the piston 8 and the piston rod 12; the oil replenishing chamber 2 is provided with an oil replenishing port 4, and the oil replenishing port 4 is used for separate oil supply;

[0030] Preferably, a liquid level sensor 3 is provided in the oil replenishment chamber 2. The liquid level sensor 3 can be optionally used. The liquid level sensor 3 uses a displacement sensor based on a float, or a switch sensor for monitoring the height position based on a float and a magnetic switch. The oil replenishment chamber 2 is connected to the atmosphere, and an air filter 5 is provided at the air inlet of the oil replenishment chamber 2. With this structure, the oil replenishment chamber 2 can quickly make up for the volume difference between the rod chamber and the rodless chamber in the cylinder body caused by the piston rod.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the number of the spiral grooves is 1 to 4, preferably 2.

[0032] A connector 16 is provided at the end of the piston rod 12, and a joint ring 17 is provided on the connector 16. The through hole of the joint ring 17 is perpendicular to the axis of the piston rod 12. The outer wall of the joint ring 17 is provided with a spherical outer wall, and the connector 16 is provided with a spherical inner cavity accordingly, so that the joint ring 17 can swing or rotate along the axis to compensate for installation errors or motion errors.

[0033] A relative or absolute sensor 30 is provided at the end of the rod cavity on the outer wall of the cylinder body 7 , wherein the absolute sensor 30 is used to detect the absolute displacement value of the piston rod 12 .

[0034] When the gate is lowered, the three-position switching solenoid valve 23 is opened and switched to the direct oil circuit 27. The direct oil circuit 27 returns oil to the rodless chamber of the cylinder body 7. The buffering here is completed by the replaceable orifice plate 15. In conjunction with switching to the buffer oil circuit, the online adjustment of the descending speed can also be achieved. When the oil in the rodless chamber is drained, the oil in the oil replenishment chamber 2 enters the rodless chamber for compensation. When the expanded sleeve 11 of the piston rod 12 approaches the spiral groove sleeve 14, the hydraulic oil leaks from the spiral groove, and the piston rod 12 begins to buffer until it falls completely. When lifting is required, the hydraulic oil directly enters the cavity of the step 10 from the second oil port 20, the oil inlet check valve 19 and the third oil port 18, and the piston rod 12 is lifted quickly.

[0035] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations of the present invention. The embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention shall be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including the equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-speed buffer cylinder for a hydraulic hoist used for a gate of a water conservancy and hydropower project or an avionics project, wherein a piston rod (12) is provided in a cylinder body (7) of the hydraulic cylinder (1), and wherein: An expanded diameter sleeve (11) is provided on the piston rod (12) at a position close to the piston (8), and a spiral groove sleeve (14) is provided at the end of the rod cavity of the cylinder body (7). When the piston (8) is close to the end of the rod cavity, a clearance fit is formed between the expanded diameter sleeve (11) and the spiral groove sleeve (14). At least one spiral groove is provided on the inner wall of the spiral groove sleeve (14), and the end of the spiral groove is open toward one end of the piston (8). The spiral groove forms a hydraulic oil buffer drain channel. A first oil port (9), a second oil port (20) and a third oil port (18) are provided on the outer wall of the cylinder body (7), the first oil port (9) being in communication with the rodless chamber, the second oil port (20) and the third oil port (18) being in communication with the rod chamber, wherein the second oil port (20) is located at the end of the rod chamber, and the third oil port (18) is located near one end of the spiral groove sleeve (14) and near the piston (8); The second oil port (20) is connected to the third oil port (18) via a pipeline, and an oil inlet check valve (19) is provided on the pipeline so that the third oil port (18) can only take in oil but cannot discharge oil. The second oil port (20) is used to be connected to an oil inlet pipe; A step (10) is provided on the outer edge of one end of the piston (8) close to the third oil port (18), and the step (10) is used to form a cavity at the position of the third oil port (18); A replaceable throttle orifice plate (15) is provided at the second oil port (20), and the buffering speed of the piston rod (12) is assisted in adjusting by replacing the throttle orifice plate (15) with different apertures; The first oil port (9) of the hydraulic cylinder (1) is connected to the oil return oil circuit (28), the second oil port (20) of the hydraulic cylinder (1) is connected to the oil inlet oil circuit (26), a straight oil circuit (27) and a buffer oil circuit are provided between the oil inlet oil circuit (26) and the oil return oil circuit (28), an adjustable flow valve (24) is provided on the buffer oil circuit, and a switching solenoid valve (23) is provided on the straight oil circuit (27) and the buffer oil circuit, the switching solenoid valve (23) being used to switch between the straight oil circuit (27) and the buffer oil circuit.

2. The high-speed buffer cylinder of a hydraulic hoist for a gate of a water conservancy and hydropower project or an avionics project according to claim 1 is characterized by: A thickened section (13) is provided on the cylinder body (7), and the position and length of the thickened section (13) correspond to the position and length of the spiral groove sleeve (14).

3. The high-speed buffer cylinder of a hydraulic hoist for a gate of a water conservancy and hydropower project or an avionics project according to claim 1 is characterized by: The hydraulic cylinder (1) is installed vertically, with the cylinder body (7) at the top and the piston rod (12) at the bottom. An oil replenishing chamber (2) is provided at the end of the cylinder body (7). The oil replenishing chamber (2) is connected to the rodless chamber of the cylinder body (7) via a one-way valve (6) for one-way oil inlet. The volume of the oil replenishing chamber (2) is greater than or equal to the sum of the volumes of the piston (8) and the piston rod (12). An oil replenishing port (4) is provided on the oil replenishing chamber (2), and the oil replenishing port (4) is used for separate oil supply. A liquid level sensor (3) is provided in the oil replenishing chamber (2). The oil replenishing chamber (2) is in communication with the atmosphere. An air filter (5) is provided at an air inlet of the oil replenishing chamber (2).

4. The high-speed buffer cylinder of a hydraulic hoist for a gate of a water conservancy and hydropower project or an avionics project according to claim 3 is characterized by: The number of the spiral grooves is 1 to 4.

5. The high-speed buffer cylinder of a hydraulic hoist for a gate of a water conservancy and hydropower project or an avionics project according to claim 1 is characterized by: A connector (16) is provided at the end of the piston rod (12), a joint ring (17) is provided on the connector (16), and a through hole of the joint ring (17) is perpendicular to the axis of the piston rod (12); A relative or absolute sensor (30) is provided at the end of a rod cavity on the outer wall of the cylinder body (7), wherein the absolute sensor (30) is used to detect the absolute displacement value of the piston rod (12).

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