Disconnecting device, circuit breaker and electrical apparatus

Abstract

The application provides an opening device, a circuit breaker and an electrical equipment, comprising a nozzle, an insulating piece, a moving contact assembly and a static contact assembly. The moving contact assembly has a first air chamber, the insulating piece, the moving contact assembly and the static contact assembly form a second air chamber which is communicated with the first air chamber, the nozzle is provided with a first through hole, and the static contact assembly is slidingly connected to the outer wall of the nozzle; the insulating piece is connected to the moving contact assembly and is slidingly connected to the static contact assembly. In the first state, the first through hole is closed by the static main contact, and in the second state, the first through hole is communicated with the second air chamber and the inside of the nozzle, so that a second high pressure area is formed in the nozzle to blow arc. The application can form two high pressure areas in the nozzle to blow arc, so that arc can be blown out more easily and reliably.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the electrical field, and more specifically, to switching devices, circuit breakers, and electrical equipment using such switching devices in the field of high-voltage electrical systems. Background Technology

[0002] A circuit breaker is a switching device capable of closing, carrying, and interrupting current under normal circuit conditions, and capable of closing, carrying, and interrupting current under abnormal circuit conditions within a specified time. Circuit breakers are used to distribute electrical energy, protect power lines and motors, and automatically disconnect the circuit when serious overloads, short circuits, or undervoltage faults occur. Their function is equivalent to a combination of a fuse switch and over / under-temperature relays, and they generally do not require replacement of components after interrupting fault current, thus gaining widespread application.

[0003] Patent document CN101465256A discloses an arc-extinguishing chamber for an isolating circuit breaker and an isolating circuit breaker using the arc-extinguishing chamber. A shielding cover is provided between the stationary arc contact and the stationary main contact to shield the stationary arc contact when the circuit breaker is opened. The shielding cover has a lower shielding end located below the stationary arc contact when the circuit breaker is opened. By providing a shielding cover in the arc-extinguishing chamber, the isolating circuit breaker can be used as both a circuit breaker and an isolating switch.

[0004] However, during the breaking process, a high voltage exists between the moving arc contact and the stationary arc contact, which will generate an electric arc. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the basic principle of the current traditional circuit breaker breaking device is to extinguish the electric arc by compressing the gas in the cylinder and blowing it out through the nozzle. A high-speed, high-pressure gas arc is formed in section A, which is close to the moving arc contact. However, the gas density in section B, which is close to the stationary arc contact, is lower and is prone to breakdown. Since the moving arc contact and the stationary arc contact share the voltage through sections A and B, when section B breaks down, section A is under excessive pressure and is also prone to breakdown, leading to breaking failure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a switching device, circuit breaker and electrical equipment.

[0006] According to the present invention, a switching device includes: a moving contact assembly 3 and a stationary contact assembly 4; the stationary contact assembly 4 includes a stationary arc contact 402 and a stationary main contact 401, and the moving contact assembly 3 includes a pressure cylinder 303, a moving arc contact 305 and a moving main contact 306 and a nozzle 1, characterized in that it further includes an insulating member 2.

[0007] One end of the insulation piece 2 is sealingly connected with the compression cylinder 303 and synchronously moves with the compression cylinder 303, the other end of the insulation piece 2 is slidingly and airtightly connected with the outer wall of the static main contact 401, the compression cylinder 303 has a first air chamber 301 inside, the space surrounded by the insulation piece 2, the static contact assembly 4 and the outer wall of the compression cylinder 303 constitutes a second air chamber 201, and the first air chamber 301 and the second air chamber 201 are communicated;

[0008] The outer wall of the spout 1 is fitted with the inner wall of the static main contact 401, the first through hole 101 is arranged on the spout 1, in the first state, the first through hole 101 is closed and shielded by the static main contact 401, and in the second state, the first through hole 101 communicates the second air chamber 201 with the inside of the spout.

[0009] Preferably, the support 5 is further included, and the support 5 comprises a cylinder guide structure 501 and a piston structure 502.

[0010] The piston structure 502 is slidingly and airtightly connected with the inner wall of the compression cylinder 303, the cylinder guide structure 501 is slidingly connected with the outer wall of the compression cylinder 303, and the first guide ring 503 is arranged between the cylinder guide structure 501 and the outer wall of the compression cylinder 303.

[0011] Preferably, the moving contact assembly 3 further comprises a pull rod 302, the moving arc contact 305 is connected to the front end of the pull rod 302, the pull rod 302 is slidingly arranged on the piston structure 502 and connected with the compression cylinder 303, the moving arc contact 305 is located at the outlet of the compression cylinder 303, the spout 1 is connected to the cylinder outside the outlet, the dynamic main contact 306 is connected to the cylinder outside the spout 1, and the insulation piece 2 is connected to the cylinder outside the dynamic main contact 306.

[0012] Preferably, the second through hole 307 is arranged on the cylinder between the insulation piece 2 and the dynamic main contact 306, and the first air chamber 301 and the second air chamber 201 are communicated through the second through hole 307.

[0013] Preferably, the pull rod 302 and the moving arc contact 305 are in a hollow structure, and the third through hole 3021 is arranged on the side wall of the pull rod 302.

[0014] Preferably, the second guide ring 202 is arranged between the static main contact 401 and the insulation piece 2.

[0015] Preferably, the first through hole 101 is an inclined hole, and the arc blowing medium output by the second air chamber 201 is guided to the end of the static arc contact 402.

[0016] Preferably, a third guide ring 102 is arranged between the stationary contact 401 and the nozzle 1.

[0017] The circuit breaker provided by the application comprises the breaking device.

[0018] The electrical device provided by the application comprises the breaking device.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] In the process of opening, the arc-blowing medium in the first gas chamber is compressed and first enters the position of the moving arc contact in the nozzle through the outlet of the compression cylinder to blow arc, and with further opening, the first through hole is unblocked and conducts electricity, the arc-blowing medium in the first gas chamber enters the second gas chamber through the second through hole, and then enters the position of the static arc contact in the nozzle through the first through hole to blow arc, and two high-pressure areas are formed in the nozzle, so that the arc is more easily and reliably blown out. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Other features, objects and advantages of the application will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments, made with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a conventional circuit breaker;

[0023] Figure 2 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the breaking device in a closed state of the application;

[0024] Figure 3 Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the breaking device in the process one of opening of the application;

[0025] Figure 4 Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the breaking device in the process two of opening of the application;

[0026] Figure 5 Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the breaking device in an open state of the application;

[0027] In the drawings:

[0028] 1-nozzle; 101-first through hole; 102-third guide ring; 2-insulating part; 201-second gas chamber; 202-second guide ring; 3-moving contact assembly; 301-first gas chamber; 302-pull rod; 3021-third through hole; 303-compression cylinder; 305-moving arc contact; 306-moving main contact; 307-second through hole; 4-static contact assembly; 401-static main contact; 402-static arc contact; 5-stand; 501-cylinder guide structure; 502-piston structure; 503-first guide ring; 6-arc. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The application will be described in detail below with specific examples. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the application, but do not limit the application in any form. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the application. These are within the scope of the application.

[0030] As shown in the Figure 2 , the embodiment provides a breaking device, which includes an insulating piece 2, a moving contact assembly 3, a static contact assembly 4 and a support 5. Among them, the insulating piece 2 and the moving contact assembly 3 are connected as a whole and can reciprocate relative to the static contact assembly 4, the position of the support 5 is relatively fixed, the moving contact assembly 3 is slidingly connected on the support 5, and the mutual connection / separation between the moving contact assembly 3 and the static contact assembly 4 is realized by reciprocating movement, thereby realizing the function of breaking.

[0031] As shown in the Figures 2 to 5 , the moving contact assembly 3 includes a pull rod 302, a pressure cylinder 303, a moving arc contact 305, a moving main contact 306 and a nozzle 1. The support 5 includes a cylinder guide structure 501 and a piston structure 502. The piston structure 502 is slidingly and airtightly connected with the inner wall of the pressure cylinder 303, and the space between them forms a first gas chamber 301, in which the arc blowing medium required during breaking is stored. The cylinder guide structure 501 is slidingly connected with the outer wall of the pressure cylinder 303, and a first guide ring 503 is arranged between the cylinder guide structure 501 and the outer wall of the pressure cylinder 303, which plays a guiding role when the pressure cylinder 303 moves.

[0032] The driving mode of the moving contact assembly 3 is driven by the pull rod 302, the moving arc contact 305 is connected to the front end of the pull rod 302, the pull rod 302 is slidingly arranged on the piston structure 502 and connected with the pressure cylinder 303, the moving arc contact 305 is located at the outlet of the pressure cylinder 303, the nozzle 1 is connected to the cylinder body outside the outlet, the moving main contact 306 is connected to the cylinder body outside the nozzle 1, and the insulating piece 2 is connected to the cylinder body outside the moving main contact 306. The moving contact assembly 3 is driven by driving the pull rod 302, realizing the mutual connection / separation between the moving contact assembly 3 and the static contact assembly 4. The pull rod 302 and the moving arc contact 305 are hollow structures, and the third through hole 3021 is arranged on the side wall of the pull rod 302, which is used to discharge the arc blowing medium and take away the heat during breaking.

[0033] The insulation piece 2 is connected to the movable contact assembly 3 and is in sliding connection with the static contact assembly 4, and the movable contact assembly 3 has a first gas chamber 301 inside. The movable contact assembly 3, the insulation piece 2, the static contact assembly 4 and the internal space surrounded by the nozzle 1 form a second gas chamber 201, and the first gas chamber 301 is in communication with the second gas chamber 201, and the communication mode can be through Figure 2 The second through hole 307 on the compression cylinder 303 shown can also be a one-way valve, and the present application does not limit this. A second guide ring 202 is arranged between the static main contact 401 and the insulation piece 2, and plays a guiding role when the static main contact 401 and the insulation piece 2 move relative to each other.

[0034] The static contact assembly 4 includes a static arc contact 402 and a static main contact 401, and the outer wall of the nozzle 1 is in close contact with the inner wall of the static main contact 401. A first through hole 101 is formed in the nozzle 1, and in the first state, the first through hole 101 is blocked and closed by the static main contact 401, and in the second state, the first through hole 101 is in communication with the inside of the nozzle 1 and the second gas chamber 201. The first through hole 101 is an inclined hole, which guides the arc blowing medium output by the second gas chamber 201 to the end of the static arc contact 402 in the open state. In order to better realize the opening and closing of the switch, a second guide ring 202 is arranged between the outer wall of the static main contact 401 and the insulation piece 2, and a third guide ring 102 is arranged between the static main contact 401 and the nozzle 1, which plays a guiding role between the static main contact 401 and the nozzle 1 when the insulation piece 2 moves with the compression cylinder 303.

[0035] Working principle:

[0036] Closing:

[0037] As shown in Figure 2 , by driving the pull rod 302 to move towards the static contact assembly 4, the compression cylinder 303 moves synchronously until the static arc contact 402 is connected to the movable arc contact 305, the static main contact 401 is connected to the movable main contact 306, and the first through hole 101 is blocked and closed by the static main contact 401. At this time, the current can pass through the static main contact 401--movable main contact 306--compression cylinder 303--cylinder guide structure 501 in turn, realizing power supply on both sides. At this time, the arc blowing medium in the first gas chamber 301 and the second gas chamber 201 is in a normal pressure state.

[0038] Opening process:

[0039] As shown in Figure 3As shown, by driving the pull rod 302 to move away from the static contact assembly 4, the compression cylinder 303 is synchronously moved, the static main contact 401 is separated from the dynamic main contact 306, at this time, the static arc contact 402 and the dynamic arc contact 305 have not been completely separated, and the first through hole 101 is still in a closed state. Since the support 5 is fixed in position, at this time, the piston structure 502 compresses the arc-blowing medium in the first gas chamber 301, and the pressure of the arc-blowing medium in the second gas chamber 201 and the first gas chamber 301 is increased. Among them, Figures 3 to 5 The arrow in the figure indicates the flow direction of the arc-blowing medium.

[0040] As shown in Figure 4 As the pull rod 302 continues to move away from the static contact assembly 4, the static arc contact 402 and the dynamic arc contact 305 are separated, and an electric arc 6 is generated therebetween. At this time, the arc-blowing medium in the first gas chamber 301 can enter the position of the dynamic arc contact 305 in the nozzle 1 to blow the arc, and enter the hollow structure of the pull rod 302 and the dynamic arc contact 305, and be discharged from the third through hole 3021 on the side wall of the pull rod 302, thereby taking away heat.

[0041] Full opening:

[0042] As the pull rod 302 continues to move away from the static contact assembly 4, the first through hole 101 is unblocked by the static main contact 401 and is in a conductive state, so that the arc-blowing medium in the second gas chamber 201 enters the position of the static arc contact 402 in the nozzle 1 to blow the arc, and the arc-blowing medium is discharged from the third through hole 3021 and the opening position of the nozzle 1 at the same time, thereby taking away heat.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first through hole 101 is an inclined hole, which guides the arc-blowing medium output by the second gas chamber 201 to the end of the static arc contact 402 along the flow direction of the arc-blowing medium from the first gas chamber 301 to the second gas chamber 201, so as to maximize the pressure at this position and form two high-pressure areas in the nozzle 1 to blow the arc, thereby avoiding the breakdown caused by the low medium density at the dynamic arc contact 305 during opening, and thus the arc can be more easily blown out.

[0044] The opening device provided by the present application can be applied to various circuit breakers or various electrical equipment requiring an opening structure, and those skilled in the art can apply it according to actual needs.

[0045] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0046] The specific embodiments of the present application have been described. It is to be understood that the application is not limited to particular details described herein and that various modifications can be made therein without departing from the scope of the claimed application. Embodiments and features disclosed in this document, including in the examples, can be combined with each other, unless specifically contradicted by or inconsistent with each other.

Claims

1. A disconnecting device, comprising: The moving contact assembly (3) and the static contact assembly (4); the static contact assembly (4) comprises a static arc contact (402) and a static main contact (401), the moving contact assembly (3) comprises a pressure cylinder (303), a moving arc contact (305) and a moving main contact (306) and a nozzle (1), characterized in that further comprising an insulation piece (2); One end of the insulation piece (2) is in sealing connection with the pressure cylinder (303) and moves synchronously with the pressure cylinder (303), the other end of the insulation piece (2) is in sliding air-tight connection with the outer wall of the static main contact (401), the pressure cylinder (303) has a first gas chamber (301) inside, the space enclosed by the insulation piece (2), the static contact assembly (4) and the outer wall of the pressure cylinder (303) constitutes a second gas chamber (201), and the first gas chamber (301) and the second gas chamber (201) are in communication; The outer wall of the nozzle (1) is in close contact with the inner wall of the static main contact (401), a first through hole (101) is formed in the nozzle (1), the first through hole (101) is blocked and closed by the static main contact (401) in the first state, and the first through hole (101) communicates the second gas chamber (201) with the inside of the nozzle in the second state; Further comprising a support (5), the support (5) comprises a cylinder guide structure (501) and a piston structure (502); The moving contact assembly (3) further comprises a pull rod (302), the moving arc contact (305) is connected to the front end of the pull rod (302), the pull rod (302) is slidably arranged on the piston structure (502) and connected with the pressure cylinder (303), the moving arc contact (305) is located at the outlet of the pressure cylinder (303), the nozzle (1) is connected to the cylinder body outside the outlet, the moving main contact (306) is connected to the cylinder body around the nozzle (1), and the insulation piece (2) is connected to the cylinder body around the moving main contact (306); The first through hole (101) is an inclined hole, and the arc blowing medium output by the second gas chamber (201) is guided to the end of the static arc contact (402).

2. The disconnecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that The piston structure (502) is in sliding air-tight connection with the inner wall of the pressure cylinder (303), the cylinder guide structure (501) is in sliding connection with the outer wall of the pressure cylinder (303), and a first guide ring (503) is arranged between the cylinder guide structure (501) and the outer wall of the pressure cylinder (303).

3. The disconnecting device of claim 1, wherein A second through hole (307) is formed in the cylinder body between the insulation piece (2) and the moving main contact (306), and the first gas chamber (301) and the second gas chamber (201) are communicated through the second through hole (307).

4. The disconnecting device of claim 1, wherein The pull rod (302) and the moving arc contact (305) are in hollow structure, and a third through hole (3021) is formed in the side wall of the pull rod (302).

5. The disconnecting device of claim 1, wherein A second guide ring (202) is arranged between the static main contact (401) and the insulation piece (2).

6. The disconnecting device of claim 1, wherein A third guide ring (102) is arranged between the static main contact (401) and the nozzle (1).

7. A circuit breaker characterized by, The opening device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. An electrical device, characterized by The opening device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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