Tool device, cutterhead, tunneling machine and tool changing method

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a tool device, a cutterhead, an excavation machine, and a tool changing method, wherein the tool device includes: a cylinder having a channel extending in a first direction; a tool assembly rotatably disposed in the channel; and a cover body, including a first state and a second state, wherein the cover body is configured to be connected to the cylinder in the first state, closing the first end of the channel in the first direction and locking the position of the tool assembly; and the cover body is configured to be unlocked in the second state to allow the tool assembly to rotate in the channel, while the cover body remains connected to the cylinder and closes the first end of the channel in the first direction. When changing tools, the present disclosure only requires switching the cover body from the first state to the second state, unlocking the position of the tool assembly, allowing the tool assembly to rotate in the cylinder, and switching from the working position to the tool changing position, so that the tool assembly can be changed without having to pull the entire tool device out of the cutterhead, making tool changing convenient and efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of tunnel shield construction, and in particular to a tool device, a cutter head, a tunneling machine, and a tool changing method. Background Art

[0002] With the needs of social development and the advancement of science and technology, shield technology is gradually developing in the direction of greater burial depth, higher water pressure, and larger cross-sections. Especially in the construction of tunnels crossing rivers and seas, shield machines equipped with normal-pressure cutterheads are often used. As the name implies, normal-pressure cutterheads can provide a normal-pressure cutter-changing environment to ensure the safety of cutter changes. The normal-pressure cutter-changing device is the core component of the normal-pressure cutterhead, which directly determines the efficiency and safety of the cutter change. The external structure of its body will also affect the thickness, opening rate, and minimum excavation diameter of the cutterhead. Existing normal-pressure cutter-changing devices often use the principle of gate valves. The opening and closing of the gate in the device will take up a large space, resulting in a smaller opening rate of the cutterhead and a larger excavation diameter. In addition, the entire cutter device needs to be pulled out when changing the cutter, resulting in a larger thickness of the cutterhead. Moreover, due to the heavy weight of the cutter device, the tool-changing process is difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide a tool device, a cutter head, a tunneling machine, and a tool changing method, for alleviating the problem of tool changing difficulties.

[0004] In one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a tool device comprising:

[0005] a cylinder having a channel extending along a first direction;

[0006] a cutter assembly rotatably disposed in the channel; and

[0007] The cover body includes a first state and a second state. The cover body is configured to be connected to the cylinder body in the first state, closing the first end of the channel in the first direction and locking the position of the tool assembly; the cover body is configured to be released from the lock on the position of the tool assembly in the second state so that the tool assembly can rotate in the channel, and the cover body is still connected to the cylinder body, closing the first end of the channel in the first direction.

[0008] In some embodiments, the cover body is provided with a first limiting portion, and the cover body is configured so that in a first state, the first limiting portion contacts the tool assembly to lock the position of the tool assembly, and the cover body is configured so that in a second state, it is away from the tool assembly to separate the first limiting portion from the tool assembly, thereby releasing the lock on the position of the tool assembly.

[0009] In some embodiments, the tool assembly includes a tool holder and a tool disposed on the tool holder, and the tool is configured to rotate with the tool holder to be located at the first end or the second end of the channel in the first direction.

[0010] In some embodiments, the tool holder is constructed as a spherical segment, and the tool is provided on the bottom surface of the spherical segment.

[0011] In some embodiments, the tool device further includes a drive shaft, which is drivingly connected to the tool holder, the spherical segment is a spherical segment, and the axial direction of the drive shaft is perpendicular or parallel to the axial direction of the tool shaft.

[0012] In some embodiments, the tool device also includes a drive shaft, which is driven and connected to the tool holder. The spherical segment is an ellipsoidal segment, and the bottom surface of the ellipsoidal segment is parallel to the long axis of the ellipsoid. The axial direction of the drive shaft and the axial direction of the tool shaft are both parallel to the long axis of the ellipsoid.

[0013] In some embodiments, the tool device also includes a drive shaft, a first groove is provided on the tool holder, the drive end of the drive shaft is inserted into the first groove, and when the cover body is in the first state, the drive shaft and the first groove have a first gap in the first direction, and the first gap is close to the second end of the channel in the first direction.

[0014] In some embodiments, the tool device also includes a support shaft, a second groove is provided on the tool holder, the driving end of the support shaft is inserted into the second groove, and when the cover body is in the first state, the support shaft and the second groove have a second gap in the first direction, and the second gap is close to the second end of the channel in the first direction.

[0015] In some embodiments, the tool device further includes a seal, which is provided at a first end of the channel in the first direction, and is configured to fit with an outer surface of the tool assembly when the cover is in a first state.

[0016] In some embodiments, the tool device further includes an elastic member and a first connecting member, wherein the first connecting member connects the cylinder and the sealing member, the elastic member is compressed and arranged between the sealing member and the cylinder, and the first connecting member is configured to adjust the elastic restoring force of the elastic member.

[0017] In some embodiments, the tool device also includes a second connecting member, a first connecting portion is provided on the cylinder body, and a second connecting portion is provided on the cover body, the second connecting member connects the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, and when the cover body is in the second state, the length of the second connecting member is not less than the sum of the first length, the second length and the third length, wherein the first length is the length of the second connecting member in the first connecting portion, the second length is the distance between the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion, and the third length is the length of the second connecting member in the second connecting portion.

[0018] In some embodiments, the tool device further includes a drive shaft, a power member and a transmission mechanism, the drive shaft is drivenly connected to the tool holder, the power output shaft of the power member is connected to the drive shaft through a transmission mechanism, and the axial direction of the power output shaft of the power member is perpendicular to the axial direction of the drive shaft.

[0019] In some embodiments, the transmission mechanism includes a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear, the first bevel gear is provided on the power output shaft of the power member, the second bevel gear is provided on the drive shaft, and the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear are engaged for transmission.

[0020] In some embodiments, the axial direction of the drive shaft is perpendicular to the first direction, and the axial direction of the power output shaft is parallel to the first direction.

[0021] In some embodiments, the tool assembly includes a tool holder and a tool disposed on the tool holder, and the axial direction of the drive shaft is perpendicular or parallel to the axial direction of the tool shaft.

[0022] In some embodiments, the cover body includes a first part and a second part, the first part is located at the first end in the first direction within the channel, the shape of the side of the first part adjacent to the tool assembly is adapted to the shape of the outer contour of the tool assembly, and the second part is located outside the channel and connected to the barrel.

[0023] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a cutter disc is provided, comprising a cutter holder and the above-mentioned cutter device, wherein the cutter device is connected to the cutter holder.

[0024] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a tunneling machine is provided, comprising the above-mentioned cutterhead.

[0025] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a tool changing method of the tool device described above is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0026] S10: Switching the cover from the first state to the second state;

[0027] S20: Rotate the tool assembly so that the tool assembly is located at the tool changing position;

[0028] S30: Remove the cover and change the tool assembly;

[0029] S40: Install the cover body so that the cover body is in the second state;

[0030] S50: rotating the tool assembly so that the tool assembly is in a working position; and

[0031] S60: Switching the cover from the second state to the first state.

[0032] In some embodiments, the tool device further includes a sealing member, an elastic member, and a first connecting member, wherein the sealing member is configured to be in contact with the outer surface of the tool assembly when the cover is in the first state; the first connecting member connects the barrel and the sealing member, the elastic member is compressed and arranged between the sealing member and the barrel, and the first connecting member is configured to adjust the elastic restoring force of the elastic member;

[0033] The step S10 further includes: adjusting and reducing the elastic restoring force of the elastic member through the first connecting member so as to move the sealing member away from the tool assembly;

[0034] The step S60 further includes: increasing the elastic restoring force of the elastic member by adjusting the first connecting member so that the sealing member moves toward the direction close to the tool assembly and then fits with the outer surface of the tool holder.

[0035] In some embodiments, the tool changing method of the tool device further includes step S21 located between step S20 and step S30, and step S41 located between step S40 and step S50, wherein:

[0036] Step S21: increasing the elastic restoring force of the elastic member by adjusting the first connecting member so that the sealing member moves toward the tool assembly and then fits with the outer surface of the tool holder to form a seal;

[0037] Step S41: reducing the elastic restoring force of the elastic member by adjusting the first connecting member so as to move the sealing member away from the tool assembly.

[0038] Based on the above technical solution, the present disclosure has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0039] In some embodiments, the tool device includes a cylinder, a tool assembly and a cover. When the cover is in a first state, the position of the tool assembly is locked, and the tool assembly is in a working position. When changing the tool, it is only necessary to switch the cover from the first state to the second state to release the lock on the position of the tool assembly so that the tool assembly can rotate in the cylinder. By switching from the working position to the tool changing position, the tool assembly can be changed. There is no need to pull the entire tool device out of the tool disc. Only the tool assembly needs to be rotated. The tool changing operation is convenient and the tool changing efficiency is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure and constitute a part of this application. The illustrative embodiments of the present disclosure and their descriptions are used to explain the present disclosure and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present disclosure. In the drawings:

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic front view of a cutting tool device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0042] Figure 2 A schematic side view of a cutting tool device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 3 for Figure 1 AA cross-sectional view of ;

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a rotation state of a tool device provided according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a tool changing state of a tool device provided according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0046] Figure 6 for Figure 5 BB cross-sectional diagram;

[0047] Figure 7 A schematic front view of a tool device according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0048] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of CC cross-section;

[0049] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of a tool changing state of a tool device provided according to some other embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0050] Figure 10 A schematic front view of a cutter head according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0051] Figure 11 for Figure 10 DD cross-sectional diagram;

[0052] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the layout of a cutter device on a cutter head according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0053] Figure 13 This is a projection diagram of the layout of the tool device on the cutter head provided according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0054] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings are described as follows:

[0055] 1- cylinder; 11- channel; 12- flange; 13- connection seat; 14- first connection part;

[0056] 2- tool assembly; 21- tool holder; 211- spherical segment; 212- ellipsoidal segment; 213- second limiting portion; 214- first groove; 215- second groove; 22- tool; 221- tool shaft; 222- tool teeth;

[0057] 3-cover; 31-first part; 32-second part; 33-first limiting part; 34-second connecting part;

[0058] 41- driving shaft; 42- supporting shaft;

[0059] 5-seal; 51-seal seat; 52-seal ring;

[0060] 61-first connecting member; 62-elastic member;

[0061] 7- second connecting member;

[0062] 8-power member; 81-swing cylinder; 82-mounting seat; 83-power output shaft;

[0063] 9-transmission mechanism; 91-first bevel gear; 92-second bevel gear.

[0064] 100- knife disc; 101- knife holder; 102- knife device; 103- opening;

[0065] X-first direction; Y-second direction; Z-third direction; S1-first gap; S2-second gap; L1-first length; L2-second length; L3-third length.

[0066] It should be understood that the size of each part shown in the accompanying drawings is not drawn according to the actual proportional relationship. In addition, the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar components. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] Various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present disclosure, its application, or use. The present disclosure can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. These embodiments are provided to make the present disclosure thorough and complete and to fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of parts and steps, the composition of materials, numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments should be interpreted as being merely exemplary and not as limiting.

[0068] The terms "first", "second" and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different parts. The terms "include" or "comprises" and similar terms mean that the elements before the term include the elements listed after the term, and do not exclude the possibility of also including other elements. The terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0069] In the present disclosure, when a specific device is described as being located between a first device and a second device, an intervening device may or may not be present between the specific device and the first device or the second device. When a specific device is described as being connected to another device, the specific device may be directly connected to the other device without an intervening device, or may be not directly connected to the other device but with an intervening device.

[0070] All terms (including technical or scientific terms) used in this disclosure have the same meaning as those understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs, unless otherwise specifically defined. It should also be understood that terms defined in, for example, general dictionaries should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or highly formal sense, unless explicitly defined herein.

[0071] Technologies, methods, and equipment known to ordinary technicians in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the technologies, methods, and equipment should be considered part of the specification.

[0072] Tunnel boring machines are categorized by their operating method into open-type and shield-type tunnel boring machines. Shield-type tunnel boring machines (TBMs) employ a tunnel boring machine (TBM) that simultaneously constructs (or lays) the tunnel's "shield" (supporting segments) while the machine excavates the tunnel. The basic operating principle of a TBM is that a cylindrical component excavates the tunnel as it advances along the tunnel axis.

[0073] The shield machine generally includes a cutter head, which is equipped with multiple tool devices (refer to Figure 10 ), excavation operations are performed using a tool assembly. Since the probability of tool wear, abnormal damage, and loosening in the tool assembly is very high, frequent inspection and replacement of tools may be required during the operation. In some related technologies, the tool changing method adopts the principle of a knife gate valve, which blocks the pressure of the tunnel face and realizes normal pressure tool changing. Since the opening and closing of the knife gate valve occupies a large space, the opening rate of the cutterhead is small and the excavation diameter is large. In addition, the entire tool assembly needs to be pulled out when changing the tool, resulting in a thicker cutterhead. The heavy weight of the tool assembly makes the tool changing process difficult.

[0074] Based on this, the present disclosure provides a tool device, a cutter head, a tunneling machine and a tool changing method, which are used to alleviate the problem of tool changing difficulties.

[0075] Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of some embodiments of the tool device 102 according to the present disclosure. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the tool device 102 includes a barrel 1 , a tool assembly 2 and a cover 3 .

[0076] The barrel 1 has a channel 11 extending along a first direction X (refer to Figure 4 The tool assembly 2 is rotatably disposed in the channel 11 to switch between a working position and a tool changing position.

[0077] The cover 3 includes a first state and a second state. In the first state, the cover 3 is connected to the cylinder 1, closing the first end of the channel 11 in the first direction X and locking the position of the tool assembly 2. Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 8 The cover 3 is configured to release the lock on the position of the tool assembly 2 in the second state, so that the tool assembly 2 can rotate in the channel 11, and the cover 3 is still connected to the cylinder 1, closing the first end of the channel 11 in the first direction X, with reference to Figure 4 .

[0078] The cover 3 also includes a third state. In the third state, the cover 3 is removed from the cylinder 1. At this time, the tool assembly 2 can be replaced. Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 9 .

[0079] In this disclosure, the first direction X is the excavation direction of the tunneling machine. The second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X, and the second direction Y and the first direction X are two directions in a horizontal plane. The third direction Z is perpendicular to the horizontal plane formed by the first and second directions X and Y. In the first direction X, the direction closer to the tunnel face is called "forward," and the direction away from the tunnel face is called "rearward." The tunnel face is the working surface that continuously advances during tunnel excavation and is not a fixed surface.

[0080] The tool device 102 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure locks the position of the tool assembly 2 when the cover body 3 is in the first state, and the tool assembly 2 is in the working position. When changing the tool, it is only necessary to switch the cover body 3 from the first state to the second state to release the lock on the position of the tool assembly 2 so that the tool assembly 2 can rotate in the channel 11. The tool assembly can be changed by switching from the working position to the tool changing position. There is no need to pull the entire tool device 102 out of the tool disc 100, and there is no need to pull the tool assembly 2 in the first direction X. Only the tool assembly 2 needs to be rotated, and the tool changing operation is convenient and the tool changing efficiency is high.

[0081] When the tool assembly 2 is rotated, the cover body 3 is still connected to the cylinder body 1, closing the first end of the channel 11 in the first direction X. This can prevent impurities such as mud and sand at the face from passing through the channel 11 to reach the first end of the channel 11 in the first direction X when the tool assembly 2 is rotated, causing harm to the operator. The operation is convenient, safe and reliable.

[0082] In some embodiments, the cover body 3 is provided with a first limiting portion 33. The cover body 3 is configured so that in a first state, the first limiting portion 33 contacts the tool assembly 2, thereby locking the position of the tool assembly 2. The cover body 3 is configured so that in a second state, it is away from the tool assembly 2, so that the first limiting portion 33 is separated from the tool assembly 2, thereby releasing the lock on the position of the tool assembly 2.

[0083] The cover 3 is provided with a first limiting portion 33. The first limiting portion 33 contacts the tool assembly 2 and can lock the position of the tool assembly 2, preventing the tool assembly 2 from rotating. The tool assembly 2 is in the working position. When the cover 3 switches from the first state to the second state, it moves away from the tool assembly 2. In the second state, the first limiting portion 33 of the cover 3 is disengaged from the tool assembly 2. The first limiting portion 33 no longer contacts and limits the tool assembly 2, and the lock on the position of the tool assembly 2 can be released. By providing the first limiting portion 33 on the cover 3 to lock the tool assembly 2, the structural arrangement is simple, and the stability and reliability of the tool device 102 are high.

[0084] In the second state, the cover body 3 is away from the tool assembly 2, which can provide space for the smooth rotation of the tool assembly 2, will not generate friction on the tool assembly 2, and can alleviate the problem that the smooth rotation of the tool holder 21 in the channel 2 is affected by the presence of mud, sand and other debris between the tool assembly 2 and the channel 2.

[0085] In some embodiments, the blade holder 21 is provided with a second limiting portion 213 that cooperates with the first limiting portion 33 .

[0086] In some embodiments, the first limiting portion 33 comprises a circle of bosses provided on the cover 3, and correspondingly, the second limiting portion 213 comprises a circle of grooves provided on the tool assembly 2, specifically, the grooves provided on the tool holder 21. When the cover 3 is in the first state, the bosses are inserted into the grooves, preventing the tool assembly 2 from rotating and thus locking the position of the tool assembly 2. When the cover 3 is in the second state, the cover 3 is away from the tool assembly 2, and the bosses are disengaged from the grooves, releasing the position lock on the tool assembly 2.

[0087] In other embodiments, the first limiting portion 33 may also include a circle of grooves provided on the cover body 3 , and correspondingly, the second limiting portion 213 includes a circle of bosses provided on the tool assembly 2 .

[0088] Of course, the arrangement of the first limiting portion 33 and the second limiting portion 213 is not limited to a boss or a groove, as long as the position of the tool assembly 2 can be limited.

[0089] In some embodiments, the tool assembly 2 includes a tool holder 21 and a tool 22 disposed on the tool holder 21 . The tool 22 is configured to rotate with the tool holder 21 to be located at the first end or the second end of the channel 11 in the first direction X.

[0090] The tool 22 is located at the second end of the channel 11 in the first direction X, and the tool 22 is in the working position. The tool 22 is located at the first end of the channel 11 in the first direction X, and the tool 22 is in the tool changing position.

[0091] The first end and the second end of the channel 11 in the first direction X are opposite ends. The second end of the channel 11 in the first direction X is close to the tunnel face, and the first end of the channel 11 in the first direction X is far away from the tunnel face.

[0092] The tool 22 includes a tool shaft 221 . The tool 22 is mounted on the tool holder 21 via the tool shaft 221 . The tool 22 can rotate around the central axis of the tool shaft 221 .

[0093] The tool assembly 2 consists of a tool holder 21 and a tool 22. When changing the tool, only the tool 22 needs to be removed without removing the entire tool assembly 2. The tool change is convenient, simple to operate, and efficient.

[0094] The tool 22 also includes at least one tooth 222, which is arranged on the tool shaft 221 and rotates around the central axis of the tool shaft 211. The tool assembly 2 has a simple structure, a small number of parts, and high stability and reliability.

[0095] Optionally, the cutter 22 comprises a hob.

[0096] In some embodiments, the tool holder 21 is constructed as a spherical segment, and the tool 22 is disposed on the bottom surface of the spherical segment.

[0097] The spherical segment in the present disclosure can be a standard spherical segment or a deformed spherical segment. For example, the spherical segment can be a spherical segment or a spherical segment of an ellipsoid. The ellipsoid here can be a standard ellipsoid or a deformed ellipsoid, similar to an elongated sphere. Alternatively, the spherical segment can be a spherical segment of a solid of revolution.

[0098] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the tool holder 21 is configured as a spherical segment, and a tool 22 is provided at the bottom surface of the spherical segment. The entire tool assembly 2 is still similar to a sphere, which does not increase the volume of the tool holder 21 and facilitates the rotation of the tool holder 21.

[0099] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 and Figure 6 The tool assembly 102 further includes a drive shaft 41, which is drivingly connected to the tool holder 21. The spherical segment is a spherical segment 211. The axial direction of the drive shaft 41 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the tool shaft 221 of the tool 22. Alternatively, the axial direction of the drive shaft 41 is parallel to the axial direction of the tool shaft 221 of the tool 22 (not shown in the figure).

[0100] The axial direction of the drive shaft 41 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the cutter shaft 221 of the cutter 22. The cutter seat 21 rotates around the central axis of the drive shaft 41. The drive shaft 41 is not arranged along the axial direction of the cutter shaft 221. It can reduce the axial size of the cutter device 102 along the cutter shaft 221 and reduce the distance between the cutters 22 on different cutter devices 102, that is, shorten the cutter distance, which is conducive to the compact cutter arrangement of the cutter disc 100.

[0101] The axial direction of the drive shaft 41 is parallel to the axial direction of the cutter shaft 221 of the cutter 22. The cutter seat 21 rotates around the central axis of the drive shaft 41. The drive shaft 41 is arranged along the axial direction of the cutter shaft 221, which can increase the axial size of the cutter device 102 along the cutter shaft 221 to a certain extent. However, at special positions on the cutter disc 100, in order to reasonably arrange the cutter device 102, the drive shaft 41 can also be arranged along the axial direction of the cutter shaft 221.

[0102] That is to say, the driving shaft 41 is used to drive the knife holder 21 to rotate, and the specific setting position can be selected according to actual needs.

[0103] In some embodiments, reference Figure 8 and Figure 9 The tool device 102 also includes a drive shaft 41, which is driven and connected to the tool holder 21. The spherical segment is an ellipsoidal spherical segment 212. The bottom surface of the ellipsoidal spherical segment 212 is parallel to the long axis of the ellipsoid. The axial direction of the drive shaft 41 and the axial direction of the tool shaft 221 of the tool 22 are both parallel to the long axis of the ellipsoid.

[0104] Since the sizes of the major axis and minor axis of the ellipsoidal segment are inconsistent, in order to ensure the smooth rotation of the ellipsoidal segment in the channel 11 without increasing the size of the cutter disc 100, the axial direction of the drive shaft 41 and the axial direction of the cutter shaft 221 of the tool 22 are both set to be parallel to the major axis of the ellipsoid, that is, the axial direction of the drive shaft 41 is parallel to the axial direction of the cutter shaft 221 of the tool 22, the drive shaft 41 is set along the axial direction of the cutter shaft 221, and the tool holder 21 rotates around the central axis of the major axis of the ellipsoid.

[0105] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 The tool device 102 also includes a drive shaft 41, a first groove 214 is provided on the tool holder 21, and the driving end of the drive shaft 41 is inserted into the first groove 214. When the cover body 3 is in the first state, the drive shaft 41 and the first groove 214 have a first gap S1 in the first direction X, and the first gap S1 is close to the second end of the channel 11 in the first direction X.

[0106] When the cover 3 is in the first state and the cutter 22 is in the working position, a first gap S1 is defined between the drive shaft 41 and the first groove 214 in the first direction X. This prevents the reverse force generated by the cutter 22 during tunneling from being transmitted to the drive shaft 41 via the cutter holder 21, thereby preventing the drive shaft 41 from being directly subjected to the force and causing distortion. During the transition from the first state to the second state, the first gap S1 decreases due to forces generated by mud at the tunnel face, facilitating rotation of the cutter holder 21 by the drive shaft 41 and preventing the cutter holder 21 from becoming stuck and unable to rotate.

[0107] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 The tool device 102 also includes a support shaft 42, a second groove 215 is provided on the tool holder 21, and the driving end of the support shaft 42 is inserted into the second groove 215. When the cover body 3 is in the first state, the support shaft 42 and the second groove 215 have a second gap S2 in the first direction X, and the second gap S2 is close to the second end of the channel 11 in the first direction X.

[0108] When the cover 3 is in the first state, the cutter 22 is in the working position. A first gap S1 is defined between the drive shaft 41 and the first groove 214 in the first direction X, and a second gap S2 is defined between the support shaft 42 and the second groove 215 in the first direction X. The cutter holder 21 acts like a floating sphere, preventing the reverse force generated by the cutter 22 during tunneling from being transmitted through the cutter holder 21 to the drive shaft 41 and support shaft 42, thereby preventing the drive shaft 41 and support shaft 42 from being directly subjected to force and causing distortion. During the transition from the first state to the second state, the first gap S1 and the second gap S2 decrease in size due to forces generated by mud at the tunnel face, facilitating rotation of the cutter holder 21 by the drive shaft 41 and preventing the cutter holder 21 from becoming stuck and unable to rotate.

[0109] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 The tool device 102 further includes a seal 5 , which is disposed at a first end of the channel 11 in the first direction X. The seal 5 is configured to fit the outer surface of the tool assembly 2 when the cover 3 is in the first state.

[0110] When the cover body 3 is in the first state, the tool assembly 2 is in the working position, and the seal 5 is in contact with the outer surface of the tool assembly 2 to form a seal, preventing mud and other impurities generated on the tunnel face from passing through the channel 11 to reach the first end of the channel 11 in the first direction X, thereby creating a safety hazard.

[0111] In some embodiments, the sealing member 5 includes an annular sealing seat 51 and a sealing ring 52 disposed on the sealing seat 51 .

[0112] The side of the sealing seat 51 adjacent to the cutter assembly 2 is configured as an arcuate surface, the curvature of which is consistent with the curvature of the outer surface of the cutter assembly 2, facilitating the seal 5 to fit closely with the outer surface of the cutter assembly 2 to form a seal. A sealing ring 52 is provided on the side of the sealing seat 51 adjacent to the cutter assembly 2 to further enhance the sealing between the seal 5 and the cutter assembly 2.

[0113] In some embodiments, the tool device 102 also includes an elastic member 62 and a first connecting member 61, the first connecting member 61 connects the cylinder 1 and the seal 5, the elastic member 62 is compressed and arranged between the seal 5 and the cylinder 1, and the first connecting member 61 is configured to adjust the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 62.

[0114] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 When the tool assembly 2 is in the working position, the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 62 is increased by adjusting the first connecting member 61, so that the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 62 pushes the seal 5 toward the tool assembly 2, so that the seal 5 is tightly fitted with the outer surface of the tool assembly 2 to form a seal.

[0115] refer to Figure 4 When the tool assembly 2 needs to switch from the working position to the tool changing position, the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 62 is reduced by adjusting the first connecting member 61, so that the pushing force of the elastic member 62 on the seal 5 is reduced. Under the action of the water pressure or mud pressure in the channel 11, the seal 5 moves away from the tool assembly 2, so that a gap is generated between the seal 5 and the outer surface of the tool assembly 2, so as to avoid the seal 5 generating friction on the rotation of the tool assembly 2, which is beneficial to the rotation of the tool assembly 2.

[0116] When the tool assembly 2 rotates to the tool changing position and the tool needs to be changed, the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 62 is increased by adjusting the first connecting member 61, so that the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 62 pushes the seal 5 to move toward the tool assembly 2, so that the seal 5 fits tightly with the outer surface of the tool assembly 2 to prevent the tool holder 21 from rotating when the tool is changed.

[0117] By providing the elastic member 62 and the first connecting member 61 , the seal between the seal 5 and the tool assembly 2 can be adjusted, and combined with the principle of the floating ball adopted by the tool holder 21 , the risk of the tool holder 21 being unable to rotate can be greatly reduced.

[0118] Optionally, the elastic member 62 includes a spring.

[0119] In some embodiments, the cylinder 1 includes a cylinder body and a flange 12 disposed at an end of the cylinder body. The cylinder body and the flange 12 form the entire channel 11 . The flange 12 is located at a first end of the channel 11 in the first direction X.

[0120] In some embodiments, the elastic member 62 is compressed and disposed between the sealing member 5 and the cylinder 1 . Specifically, the elastic member 62 is compressed and disposed between the sealing member 5 and the flange 12 .

[0121] In some embodiments, the cover 3 is connected to the cylinder 1 , specifically, the cover 3 is connected to the flange 12 .

[0122] Providing the cylinder 1 as two separate components, namely the cylinder body and the flange 12 , facilitates the installation of various components in the channel 11 and also facilitates the connection between the cylinder 1 and external components.

[0123] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 The tool device 102 also includes a second connecting member 7. A first connecting portion 14 is provided on the cylinder 1, and a second connecting portion 34 is provided on the cover body 3. The second connecting member 7 connects the first connecting portion 14 and the second connecting portion 34. When the cover body 3 is in the second state, the length L of the second connecting member 7 is not less than the sum of the first length L1, the second length L2 and the third length L3, that is, L≥L1+L2+L3.

[0124] The first length L1 is the length of the second connecting member 7 in the first connecting portion 14 , the second length L2 is the distance between the first connecting portion 14 and the second connecting portion 34 , and the third length L3 is the length of the second connecting member 7 in the second connecting portion 34 .

[0125] When the cover body 3 is in the second state, the length of the second connecting member 7 is not less than the sum of the first length L1, the second length L2 and the third length L3, so that the cover body 3 is in the second state, although far away from the tool assembly 2, it is still connected to the barrel 1.

[0126] Of course, the second connecting member 7 can also be shorter than the above-mentioned length limit dimension (L1+L2+L3), as long as it can connect the cover body 3 and the cylinder body 1 when the cover body 3 is in the first state. However, in the process of switching the cover body 3 from the first state to the second state, and when the cover body 3 is in the second state, it is necessary to select another connecting member with a length dimension that meets the above-mentioned length requirement to replace the second connecting member 7.

[0127] Optionally, the first connecting portion 14 includes an elongated hole provided on the cylinder 1 , and the second connecting portion 34 includes an elongated hole provided on the cover 3 .

[0128] Optionally, the second connecting member 7 includes a long bolt.

[0129] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 and Figure 8 The tool device 102 also includes a drive shaft 41, a power member 8 and a transmission mechanism 9. The drive shaft 41 is driven and connected to the tool holder 21. The power output shaft 83 of the power member 8 is connected to the drive shaft 41 through the transmission mechanism 9. The axial direction of the power output shaft 83 of the power member 8 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the drive shaft 41.

[0130] The axial direction of the power output shaft 83 of the power component 8 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the drive shaft 41. The power component 8 is not arranged along the axial direction of the drive shaft 41, which can avoid the axial size of the tool device 102 on the drive shaft 41 being too large, and is conducive to compact knife arrangement on the cutter disc 100.

[0131] refer to Figure 3 The axial direction of the drive shaft 41 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the tool shaft 22 of the tool 2. Figure 8 The axial direction of the drive shaft 41 is parallel to the axial direction of the tool shaft 22 of the tool 2.

[0132] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 and Figure 8 The transmission mechanism 9 includes a first bevel gear 91 and a second bevel gear 92. The first bevel gear 91 is provided on the power output shaft 83 of the power member 8, and the second bevel gear 92 is provided on the drive shaft 41. The first bevel gear 91 and the second bevel gear 92 are engaged for transmission.

[0133] Through the meshing transmission of the first bevel gear 91 and the second bevel gear 92, the axial direction of the drive shaft 41 can be perpendicular to the axial direction of the power output shaft 83 of the power member 8. The power member 8 is rotated 90° relative to the drive shaft 41. Firstly, the overall size of the entire tool device 102 in the axial direction of the drive shaft 41 can be reduced, and then the opening rate of the cutter head 100 can be increased when the tool device 102 is installed to the cutter head 100, which is conducive to slag discharge and prevents mud cake formation; secondly, it is easy to disassemble the power member 8. When the cutter head 100 is excavating, the power member 8 can be disassembled. When a certain tool needs to be replaced, the power member 8 can be installed, that is, the power member 8 is used as a "tool". There is no need for each tool device 102 to be equipped with a power member 8, which saves costs.

[0134] The opening rate of the cutter disc 100 is the ratio of the area of the region on the cutter disc 100 that allows mud and other impurities to pass through to the area of the entire cutter disc 100. A large opening rate of the cutter disc 100 can smoothly discharge slag and prevent the cutter disc 100 from forming mud cakes.

[0135] In some embodiments, the power member 8 includes a swing cylinder 81, a mounting base 83, and a power output shaft 83. The swing cylinder 81 is mounted on the barrel 1 via the mounting base 83, and a first bevel gear 91 is provided on the power output shaft 83. When the tool assembly 2 is in operation, the swing cylinder 81, the mounting base 83, and other components can be removed from the barrel 1.

[0136] In some embodiments, the tool assembly 102 further includes a connection seat 13 , which is disposed on the outer periphery of the cylinder 1 and is used to mount the tool assembly 102 to the cutter disc 100 .

[0137] In some embodiments, the swing cylinder 81 is mounted on the connecting base 13 via a mounting base 83 .

[0138] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 and Figure 8 The axial direction of the drive shaft 41 is perpendicular to the first direction X, and the axial direction of the power output shaft 83 is parallel to the first direction X.

[0139] Rotating the power output shaft 83 90° relative to the drive shaft 41 can reduce the overall axial size of the entire tool device 102 in the drive shaft 41, and then when the tool device 102 is installed on the cutter disc 100, the opening rate of the cutter disc 100 can be increased, which is beneficial for slag discharge and prevents mud cake formation.

[0140] In some embodiments, the tool assembly 2 includes a tool holder 21 and a tool 22 disposed on the tool holder 21 , and the axial direction of the drive shaft 41 is perpendicular or parallel to the axial direction of the tool shaft 221 of the tool 22 .

[0141] refer to Figure 3The axial direction of the drive shaft 41 is perpendicular to the first direction X, the axial direction of the drive shaft 41 is perpendicular to the axial direction of the tool shaft 221 of the tool 22, and the axial direction of the power output shaft 83 is parallel to the first direction X.

[0142] refer to Figure 8 The axial direction of the drive shaft 41 is perpendicular to the first direction X, the axial direction of the drive shaft 41 is parallel to the axial direction of the tool shaft 221 of the tool 22, and the axial direction of the power output shaft 83 is parallel to the first direction X.

[0143] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 、 Figure 6 and Figure 9 The cover body 3 includes a first part 31 and a second part 32. The first part 31 is located at the first end in the first direction X in the channel 11. The shape of the side of the first part 31 adjacent to the tool assembly 2 is adapted to the shape of the outer contour of the tool assembly 2. The second part 32 is located outside the channel 11 and is connected to the cylinder body 1.

[0144] refer to Figure 4 The size of the second portion 32 in the first direction X is greater than the distance that the cover body 3 moves away from the tool assembly 2 when the cover body 3 switches from the first state to the second state.

[0145] The shape of the side of the first portion 31 adjacent to the cutter assembly 2 is adapted to the outer contour of the cutter assembly 2, facilitating a close fit between the cover 3 and the cutter assembly 2 in the first state, and locking the cutter assembly 2 in position via the first limiting portion 33. The second portion 32 is located outside the passage 11 and is used to connect to the barrel 1.

[0146] Some embodiments further provide a tool changing method for the tool device 102, which includes the following steps:

[0147] S10: The cover 3 is changed from the first state (reference Figure 1 ) switches to the second state (reference Figure 4 );

[0148] S20: Rotate the tool assembly 2 so that the tool assembly 2 is located at the tool changing position;

[0149] S30: Remove the cover 3 and change the tool assembly 2. Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 9 ;

[0150] S40: Install the cover 3 so that the cover 3 is in the second state;

[0151] S50: rotating the tool assembly 2 so that the tool assembly 2 is in the working position; and

[0152] S60: Switch the cover 3 from the second state to the first state.

[0153] The tool device 102 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, when the cover body 3 is in the first state, forms a lock on the position of the tool assembly 2, and the tool assembly 2 is in the working position. When changing the tool, it is only necessary to switch the cover body 3 from the first state to the second state, release the lock on the position of the tool assembly 2, rotate the tool assembly 2 in the channel 11, and switch from the working position to the tool changing position to change the tool of the tool assembly. There is no need to pull the entire tool device 102 from the cutter disc 100, and there is no need to pull the tool assembly 2 in the first direction X. It is only necessary to rotate the tool assembly 2. The tool changing operation is convenient and the tool changing efficiency is high. Moreover, when the tool assembly 2 is rotated, the cover body 3 is still connected to the cylinder body 1, closing the first end of the channel 11 in the first direction X. This can prevent impurities such as mud and sand at the face from passing through the channel 11 to the first end of the channel 11 in the first direction X when the tool assembly 2 is rotated, causing harm to the operator. The operation is convenient, safe and reliable.

[0154] In some embodiments, the tool device 102 also includes a seal 5, an elastic member 62 and a first connecting member 61. The seal 5 is configured to fit the outer surface of the tool assembly 2 when the cover body 3 is in the first state; the first connecting member 61 connects the cylinder body 1 and the seal 5, and the elastic member 62 is compressed and arranged between the seal 5 and the cylinder body 1. The first connecting member 61 is configured to adjust the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 62.

[0155] Step S10 further includes: adjusting and reducing the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 62 through the first connecting member 61 so as to move the sealing member 5 in a direction away from the tool assembly 2 .

[0156] When the tool assembly 2 needs to switch from the working position to the tool changing position, the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 62 is reduced by adjusting the first connecting member 61, so that the pushing force of the elastic member 62 on the seal 5 is reduced. Under the action of the water pressure or mud pressure in the channel 11, the seal 5 moves away from the tool assembly 2, so that a gap is generated between the seal 5 and the outer surface of the tool assembly 2, so as to avoid the seal 5 generating friction on the rotation of the tool assembly 2, which is beneficial to the rotation of the tool assembly 2.

[0157] Step S60 also includes: adjusting and increasing the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 62 through the first connecting member 61 so that the sealing member 5 moves toward the direction close to the tool assembly 2 and then fits with the outer surface of the tool holder 21 .

[0158] When the tool assembly 2 is in the working position, the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 62 is increased by adjusting the first connecting member 61, so that the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 62 pushes the seal 5 toward the tool assembly 2, so that the seal 5 fits tightly with the outer surface of the tool assembly 2 to form a seal.

[0159] In some embodiments, the tool changing method of the tool device 102 further includes a step S21 located between step S20 and step S30, wherein step S21: adjusting the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 62 by the first connecting member 61 to move the sealing member 5 toward the direction close to the tool assembly 2, thereby fitting with the outer surface of the tool holder 21, fixing the tool holder 21, and preventing the tool holder 21 from rotating when the tool 22 is removed, and then step S30: removing the cover 3 and changing the tool assembly 2, referring to FIG. Figure 5 、 Figure 6 and Figure 9 .

[0160] In step S21 between step S20 and step S30, the seal 5 is moved toward the direction close to the tool assembly 2, and then fits against the outer surface of the tool holder 21 to form a seal, which can prevent mud and other impurities from entering the first end of the channel 11 in the first direction X when the cover 3 is removed and the tool assembly 2 is replaced, thereby preventing the operator from being injured.

[0161] In some embodiments, the tool changing method of the tool device 102 also includes a step S41 located between step S40 and step S50. Step S41: adjust and reduce the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 62 through the first connecting member 61, so that the seal 5 moves away from the tool assembly 2, so that a gap is generated between the seal 5 and the outer surface of the tool assembly 2, and then, step S50: rotate the tool assembly 2 so that the tool assembly 2 is in the working position.

[0162] In step S41 between step S40 and step S50 , the seal 5 can avoid generating friction on the rotation of the tool assembly 2 , thereby facilitating the rotation of the tool assembly 2 .

[0163] refer to Figures 1 to 9 , some specific embodiments of the tool device 102 are described in detail.

[0164] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the tool holder 21 for mounting the tool 22 is a floating spherical segment 211. The power member 8 drives the spherical segment 211 to rotate, and the transmission mechanism 9 is used to transmit power.

[0165] The spherical segment 211 is disposed within the passage 11 formed within the cylindrical body 1. A drive shaft 41 is inserted into one of the two opposing sides of the spherical segment 211, and a support shaft 42 is inserted into the other side. The drive shaft 41 drives the spherical segment 211 to rotate, and the rotation of the spherical segment 211 drives the support shaft 42 to rotate together. The blade holder 21 is provided with a first groove 214, into which the driving end of the drive shaft 41 is inserted. When the cover 3 is in the first state, a first gap S1 is defined between the drive shaft 41 and the first groove 214 in the first direction X. The first gap S1 is located near the second end of the passage 11 in the first direction X. The blade holder 21 is provided with a second groove 215, into which the driving end of the support shaft 42 is inserted. When the cover 3 is in the first state, a second gap S2 is defined between the support shaft 42 and the second groove 215 in the first direction X. The second gap S2 is located near the second end of the passage 11 in the first direction X.

[0166] The power member 8 drives the spherical segment body 211 to rotate through the transmission mechanism 9. The annular sealing member 5 is arranged behind the spherical segment body 211. An elastic member 62 and a first connecting member 61 are arranged behind the sealing member 5 to ensure that the sealing preload force can be adjusted.

[0167] The rear of the spherical segment 211 is provided with a cover 3 for supporting the spherical segment 211, and the first portion 31 of the cover 3 is located inside the sealing member 5. The cover 3 is pressed against the spherical segment 211, and the cover 3 and the cylinder 1 are connected by a second connecting member 7.

[0168] When changing the tool, first loosen the second connecting member 7 and retreat the cover body 3 to ensure that the spherical segment 211 does not interfere with the cover body 3 during rotation. Then retreat the first connecting member 61, the pre-tightening force of the elastic member 62 decreases, and under the action of the high water pressure in the mud and water bin, the sealing member 5 retreats to reduce the friction of the spherical segment 211 during rotation; then the power output shaft 83 of the power member 8 drives the first bevel gear 91 to rotate, the first bevel gear 91 and the second bevel gear 92 engage for transmission, and the rotation of the second bevel gear 92 drives the drive shaft 41 to rotate, thereby driving the spherical segment 211 to rotate 180 degrees, so that the tool 22 is switched from the working position to the tool changing position.

[0169] Then, the first connecting member 61 is tightened to increase the elastic restoring force of the elastic member 62 , thereby causing the sealing member 5 to press against the spherical segment 211 .

[0170] Finally, the cover 3 is removed and the cutter 22 is replaced under normal pressure. After the cutter 22 is replaced, the spherical segment 211 is rotated 180 degrees according to the reverse process of the above process.

[0171] like Figures 7 to 9As shown, the tool holder 21 for mounting the tool 22 is a floating ellipsoidal segment 212. The power member 8 drives the ellipsoidal segment 212 to rotate, and the transmission mechanism 9 is used to transmit power.

[0172] like Figure 10 As shown, the tool device 102 having the ellipsoidal spherical segment 212 is installed at the center of the cutter head 100 , and the tool device 102 having the spherical spherical segment 211 is installed at other positions of the cutter head 100 .

[0173] The tool device 102 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is small in size, and when changing the tool, only the tool 22 needs to be removed, without removing the entire tool device 102 or the entire tool assembly 2, which saves time and effort.

[0174] refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11 Some embodiments further provide a cutter disc 100 , which includes a cutter holder 101 and the cutter device 102 in the above embodiment, wherein the cutter device 102 is connected to the cutter holder 101 .

[0175] The cutter head 100 is provided with a plurality of cutter devices 102. The arrangement principle of the cutter devices 102 on the cutter head 100 is to maximize the opening ratio and minimize the distance between the cutters while ensuring that the structures do not interfere with each other.

[0176] The cutter head 101 is provided with an opening 103 for discharging impurities such as mud. Optionally, the cutter head 101 is provided with four openings 103. The ratio of the total area of each opening 103 to the area of the entire cutter head 100 is the opening ratio.

[0177] Since the tool device 102 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is small in size and can change tools safely and efficiently, the cutter disc 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is equipped with the tool device 102 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, which can make the cutter disc 100 have a small excavation diameter, a large opening rate, a small distance between tools, and a small thickness.

[0178] refer to Figure 12 and Figure 13 Each tool device 102 on the cutter head 100 adopts a compact cutter arrangement method, and the cutter head 100 is a circular cutter head. The compact cutter arrangement method can adopt the following cutter arrangement principles:

[0179] refer to Figure 12 Cutting disc 100 is equipped with 18 cutting devices 102, each with 39 teeth, namely, teeth 1, 2, 3, ..., 38. Teeth 1 through 37 each have one tooth, while tooth 38 has two teeth, 38-1 and 38-2. The axes of all 18 cutting devices 102 pass through the center of cutter disc 100. The angles α between the axes of all 18 cutting devices 102 and the perpendicular bisector of cutter disc 100 are different.

[0180] refer to Figure 13 , is a radial projection of the 18 cutting tools 102 on the cutterhead 100. The spacing between any two adjacent teeth on the cutterhead 100 is m, where m can take different values. The projections of tooth 38#-1 and tooth 38#-2 overlap.

[0181] refer to Figure 12 Taking the central axis of the cutter disc 100 as a reference, the tooth closest to the central axis of the cutter disc 100 is the 1# tooth, the outer side of the 1# tooth is the 2# tooth, and so on. The 38# tooth is located at the outermost edge of the cutter disc 100.

[0182] The cutterhead 100 includes a curved edge portion and a main planar portion within the curved edge portion. The spacing between adjacent teeth on the main planar portion is uniform, for example, 100 mm. The spacing between adjacent teeth on the curved edge portion decreases as they move from the center of the cutterhead 100 toward the center. Furthermore, the angle θ between each tooth on the main planar portion and the horizontal plane is 0 degrees, meaning the blade inclination angle is 0 degrees. Each tooth on the curved edge portion has an angle greater than 0 degrees with the horizontal plane.

[0183] The cutterhead 100 provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure has a minimum excavation diameter as small as 7 meters, a large opening ratio, and a thin thickness, thereby solving the problems of large cutterhead diameter, small opening ratio, large thickness, and difficulty in changing cutters in related technologies.

[0184] Some embodiments further provide a tunneling machine comprising the cutterhead 100 according to the above embodiment.

[0185] In some embodiments, the tunneling machine includes a tunnel boring machine.

[0186] Based on the above-mentioned embodiments of the present disclosure, in the absence of explicit negation or conflict, the technical features of one embodiment may be beneficially combined with one or more other embodiments.

[0187] Although some specific embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail through examples, those skilled in the art will understand that the above examples are for illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand that the above embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be replaced with equivalents without departing from the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A tool device for a tunneling machine, characterized in that: include: A cylinder (1) having a channel (11) extending along a first direction (X); A tool assembly (2) is rotatably disposed in the channel (11), the tool assembly (2) comprising a tool holder (21); and The cover (3) comprises a first state and a second state, wherein the cover (3) is configured to be connected to the cylinder (1) in the first state, closing the first end of the channel (11) in the first direction (X), and locking the position of the tool assembly (2); and the cover (3) is configured to be released from the locking of the position of the tool assembly (2) in the second state, so that the tool assembly (2) can rotate in the channel (11), and the cover (3) is still connected to the cylinder (1), closing the first end of the channel (11) in the first direction (X); A drive shaft (41), wherein a first groove (214) is provided on the knife seat (21), and a drive end of the drive shaft (41) is inserted into the first groove (214); when the cover body (3) is in a first state, a first gap (S1) is formed between the drive shaft (41) and the first groove (214) in the first direction (X), and the first gap (S1) is close to the second end of the channel (11) in the first direction (X); A support shaft (42), a second groove (215) is provided on the knife seat (21), a driving end of the support shaft (42) is inserted into the second groove (215), and when the cover body (3) is in the first state, a second gap (S2) is formed between the support shaft (42) and the second groove (215) in the first direction (X), and the second gap (S2) is close to the second end of the channel (11) in the first direction (X); During the process of the cover body (3) switching from the first state to the second state, the sizes of the first gap (S1) and the second gap (S2) are reduced under the force generated at the tunnel face; The drive shaft (41) is inserted into one of the two opposite sides of the knife seat (21), and the support shaft (42) is inserted into the other side. The drive shaft (41) is driven and connected to the knife seat (21), so that the knife seat (21) rotates around the central axis of the drive shaft (41).

2. The tool device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, wherein: The cover body (3) is provided with a first limiting portion (33). The cover body (3) is configured such that, in a first state, the first limiting portion (33) contacts the tool assembly (2) to lock the position of the tool assembly (2). The cover body (3) is configured such that, in a second state, it moves away from the tool assembly (2) to separate the first limiting portion (33) from the tool assembly (2) and release the lock on the position of the tool assembly (2).

3. The tool device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, wherein: The tool assembly (2) comprises a tool (22) disposed on the tool seat (21), and the tool (22) is configured to rotate with the tool seat (21) to be located at the first end or the second end of the channel (11) in the first direction (X).

4. The tool device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 3, wherein: The tool seat (21) is constructed as a spherical segment, and the tool (22) is arranged on the bottom surface of the spherical segment.

5. The tool device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, wherein: It also includes a driving shaft (41), the driving shaft (41) is drivingly connected to the tool holder (21), the spherical segment body is a spherical segment body (211), and the axial direction of the driving shaft (41) is perpendicular or parallel to the axial direction of the tool shaft (221) of the tool (22).

6. The tool device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 4, wherein: The spherical segment is an ellipsoidal spherical segment (212), the bottom surface of the ellipsoidal spherical segment (212) is parallel to the long axis of the ellipsoid, and the axial direction of the driving shaft (41) and the axial direction of the tool axis (221) of the tool (22) are both parallel to the long axis of the ellipsoid.

7. The cutter device for a tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The invention also includes a sealing member (5), wherein the sealing member (5) is provided at a first end of the channel (11) in the first direction (X), and the sealing member (5) is configured to fit with the outer surface of the tool assembly (2) when the cover body (3) is in a first state.

8. The tool device for a tunneling machine according to claim 7, wherein: The invention also includes an elastic member (62) and a first connecting member (61), wherein the first connecting member (61) connects the cylinder (1) and the sealing member (5), the elastic member (62) is compressed and arranged between the sealing member (5) and the cylinder (1), and the first connecting member (61) is configured to adjust the elastic restoring force of the elastic member (62).

9. The cutter device of a tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The invention also includes a second connecting member (7), wherein a first connecting portion (14) is provided on the cylinder (1), and a second connecting portion (34) is provided on the cover (3), and the second connecting member (7) connects the first connecting portion (14) and the second connecting portion (34). When the cover (3) is in the second state, the length of the second connecting member (7) is not less than the sum of the first length (L1), the second length (L2) and the third length (L3), wherein the first length (L1) is the length of the second connecting member (7) in the first connecting portion (14), the second length (L2) is the distance between the first connecting portion (14) and the second connecting portion (34), and the third length (L3) is the length of the second connecting member (7) in the second connecting portion (34).

10. The cutter device of a tunnel boring machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes a power piece (8) and a transmission mechanism (9), wherein a power output shaft (83) of the power piece (8) is connected to the drive shaft (41) through the transmission mechanism (9), and the axial direction of the power output shaft (83) of the power piece (8) is perpendicular to the axial direction of the drive shaft (41).

11. The cutter device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 10, wherein: The transmission mechanism (9) comprises a first bevel gear (91) and a second bevel gear (92), wherein the first bevel gear (91) is provided on the power output shaft (83) of the power member (8), and the second bevel gear (92) is provided on the drive shaft (41), and the first bevel gear (91) and the second bevel gear (92) are meshed for transmission.

12. The cutter device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 10, wherein: The axial direction of the drive shaft (41) is perpendicular to the first direction (X), and the axial direction of the power output shaft (83) is parallel to the first direction (X).

13. The cutter device for a tunnel boring machine according to claim 12, wherein: The tool assembly (2) comprises a tool (22) disposed on the tool seat (21), and the axial direction of the drive shaft (41) is perpendicular to or parallel to the axial direction of the tool shaft (221) of the tool (22).

14. The cutter device for a tunneling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The cover body (3) comprises a first portion (31) and a second portion (32), wherein the first portion (31) is located at a first end in the first direction (X) within the channel (11), and the shape of the side surface of the first portion (31) adjacent to the tool assembly (2) is adapted to the shape of the outer contour of the tool assembly (2), and the second portion (32) is located outside the channel (11) and connected to the barrel (1).

15. A cutter head, characterized in that: The invention comprises a tool holder and a tool device of a tunneling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the tool device is connected to the tool holder.

16. A tunneling machine, characterized in that: Comprising the cutter head of claim 15.

17. A tool changing method for a tool device of a tunneling machine according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S10: switching the cover body (3) from the first state to the second state; S20: rotating the tool assembly (2) so that the tool assembly (2) is located at the tool changing position; S30: Remove the cover (3) and replace the tool assembly (2); S40: installing the cover body (3) so that the cover body (3) is in the second state; S50: rotating the tool assembly (2) so that the tool assembly (2) is in a working position; and S60: Switching the cover body (3) from the second state to the first state.

18. The tool changing method of a tool device of a tunneling machine according to claim 17, wherein: The tool device further comprises a sealing member (5), an elastic member (62) and a first connecting member (61), wherein the sealing member (5) is configured to be in contact with the outer surface of the tool assembly (2) when the cover (3) is in a first state; the first connecting member (61) connects the cylinder (1) and the sealing member (5), the elastic member (62) is compressed and arranged between the sealing member (5) and the cylinder (1), and the first connecting member (61) is configured to adjust the elastic restoring force of the elastic member (62); The step S10 further comprises: adjusting and reducing the elastic restoring force of the elastic member (62) through the first connecting member (61), so that the sealing member (5) moves in a direction away from the tool assembly (2); The step S60 further includes: adjusting and increasing the elastic restoring force of the elastic member (62) through the first connecting member (61), so that the sealing member (5) moves in a direction close to the tool assembly (2) and thereby fits with the outer surface of the tool holder (21).

19. The tool changing method of a tool device of a tunneling machine according to claim 18, wherein: The method further includes step S21 between step S20 and step S30, and step S41 between step S40 and step S50, wherein: Step S21: adjusting and increasing the elastic restoring force of the elastic member (62) through the first connecting member (61), so that the sealing member (5) moves toward the direction close to the tool assembly (2), thereby fitting with the outer surface of the tool holder (21) to form a seal; Step S41: adjusting and reducing the elastic restoring force of the elastic member (62) through the first connecting member (61), so that the sealing member (5) moves in a direction away from the tool assembly (2).

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