Burner and mobile heating device

Abstract

The invention relates to a burner for a fuel-operated mobile heating device, in particular for a vehicle heating device, comprising: - an evaporator receptacle (2) for receiving an evaporator assembly for dispensing and evaporating liquid fuel, and - at least one fuel supply line (4) for supplying liquid fuel to the evaporator assembly, wherein the burner has a circumferential wall (8) having a plurality of air supply openings (12), wherein the air supply openings (12) are arranged in at least one row (20, 22), wherein the rows (20, 22) extend in particular in a circumferential direction, wherein the air supply openings (12) comprise in the at least one row (20, 22) at least one first air supply opening (14) having a first opening longitudinal axis (14a), a first input face (14b) and a first output face (14c), and at least one second air supply opening (15) having a second opening longitudinal axis (15a), a second input face (15b) and a second output face (15c), wherein the first opening longitudinal axis (14a) forms a first angle α1 with a circumferential wall normal (8a) of the first air supply opening (14), wherein the second opening longitudinal axis (15a) forms a second angle α2 with a circumferential wall normal (8a) of the second air supply opening (15).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a burner for use as a mobile heating device for fuel operation, particularly for use as a vehicle heating device, and to a method for manufacturing the burner. Background Technology

[0002] Burners, particularly evaporator burners, are especially used in heating systems and / or supplementary heating systems that operate on liquid fuels, particularly for vehicles. In such evaporator burners, liquid fuel is introduced into the evaporator through a fuel supply line. For example, a metal fiber nonwoven fabric can be used as the evaporator itself. The evaporator is impregnated with and dispenses the liquid fuel, particularly through capillary action. The liquid fuel is evaporated and ignited by heat provided by an ignition pin or ignition element, thus combustion of the fuel can be achieved by supplying air. For this purpose, the air supply opening is arranged on the circumferential wall. Such an arrangement is known, for example, by DE 10 2018 111 636 A1.

[0003] According to prior art, DE 10 2005 032 980 B4, an evaporator burner is disclosed, comprising a combustion chamber housing in which an evaporator medium is received in a bowl-shaped carrier. A fuel input device is received in the bottom region of the combustion chamber housing. The combustion chamber housing has a circumferential wall with exactly one row of air supply openings arranged in the circumferential direction. The air supply openings each have a radial extension direction, i.e., an extension direction parallel to the normal to the circumferential wall. A disadvantage of this perforation in the combustion chamber is that fuel and air are unevenly distributed within the combustion chamber, thereby causing combustion to proceed uncertainly in the sense of an ideal combustion process characterized by complete and low-emission combustion. Soot formation and significantly increased NOx emissions may occur. Generally, empirical configurations of the perforations can improve air and fuel distribution and thus improve combustion.

[0004] A further combustion chamber assembly is known from DE 10 2012 211 932 B3. The combustion chamber assembly has a plurality of combustion air inlet openings, at least one of which has an opening longitudinal axis inclined with respect to the surface normal in the region of the combustion air inlet opening with respect to the circumferential wall. The combustion air inlet openings can be arranged in multiple rows. Here, the combustion air inlet openings in different rows can have different inclination angles of the opening longitudinal axis. The combustion air inlet openings are particularly inclined to such an extent that there is no remaining radial opening when viewed with respect to the surface normal. At large inclination angles greater than 40°, the inlet depth is particularly insufficient.

[0005] Another heating device for a burner operating with liquid fuel is known from DE 30 10 078 A1. The heating device has a low-pressure atomizer. The heating device has an inclined, extending helical opening in its circumferential wall. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The objective of this invention is to provide an improved burner for a mobile heating device operating on fuel, a mobile heating device operating on fuel, and a method for manufacturing an evaporator receiver.

[0007] The objectives of this invention are achieved through the features of the invention in terms of burners, heating devices, and methods. Configurations that meet these objectives are derived from the corresponding technical solutions of this invention.

[0008] The burner according to the invention is used in mobile heating devices for fuel operation, particularly for vehicle heating devices, said burner comprising:

[0009] - An evaporator receiver for receiving an evaporator assembly for dispensing and evaporating liquid fuel, and

[0010] - At least one fuel supply line for supplying liquid fuel to an evaporator assembly. The evaporator assembly includes at least one evaporator. The evaporator may be constructed, for example, of a metal grid or porous material with a large surface area. A burner, in the sense of the invention, is understood as a component assembly, particularly a component, to which fuel and combustion air for heat conversion, particularly for the combustion process, are supplied. The burner has a combustion chamber. The burner has a circumferential wall with a plurality of air supply openings. Preferably, the circumferential wall partially defines the boundary of the combustion chamber. The air supply openings are arranged in at least one row. The air supply openings may be precisely or approximately located on a straight or curved line extending along the row. Here, "approximately" should be understood as the air supply openings being clearly configured to the row by an observer, particularly the spacing between the air supply openings and the line extending along the row being significantly smaller than the spacing between two air supply openings in the row. The row may optionally extend in a circumferential direction. In the case of a cylindrical or conical circumferential wall, the air supply openings of the row are located on the circumference in this configuration. Alternatively, the row may be located on an inclined section, thus the row is inclined in the circumferential direction. The air supply openings of the row are thus located on an elliptical section of the circumferential wall. Furthermore, the row may extend spirally along the circumferential wall. The air supply openings in at least one row include at least one first air supply opening and at least one second air supply opening, the first air supply opening having a first opening longitudinal axis, a first input surface, and a first output surface, and the second air supply opening having a second opening longitudinal axis, a second input surface, and a second output surface, respectively.

[0011] The longitudinal axis of the first opening forms a first angle with the normal to the circumferential wall of the first air supply opening. The longitudinal axis of the second opening forms a second angle with the normal to the circumferential wall of the second air supply opening (different from the first angle, and in particular, numerically different from the first angle).

[0012] Here, the first and second angles are preferably chosen such that the first input surface and the first output surface, as well as the second input surface and the second output surface, at least partially overlap in the projection direction of the normal to the circumferential wall. If the air supply opening is viewed along the circumferential normal direction, the through opening can preferably be seen at least in sections. Thus, at least two different air supply openings are arranged in the row. This arrangement has the advantage of significantly improving the vortex of combustion air and fuel, the input depth, and thereby also improving the mixing of combustion air and fuel. Combustion proceeds more restrictively and nitrogen oxide emissions can be reduced.

[0013] In one configuration, air supply openings are arranged along at least two rows, particularly two to four rows, in the circumferential direction of the circumferential wall, wherein each row includes at least one first air supply opening and a second air supply opening.

[0014] In a configuration that meets the purpose, the first angle and the second angle are a maximum of 40°, preferably 7° to 35°, and more preferably 8° to 30°.

[0015] Alternatively, only the first angle can be 0°. In the case where the first angle is 0°, the longitudinal axis of the first opening is oriented parallel to the normal to the circumferential wall.

[0016] The first angle and / or the second angle may lie in a plane that is unfolded by the circumferential wall normal and the circumferential direction (at the location of the corresponding air supply opening). Alternatively or additionally, the first angle and / or the second angle may lie in a plane that is unfolded by the corresponding row.

[0017] In one embodiment, the first angle and / or the second angle may lie in a plane that is derived from the circumferential wall normal (at the location of the corresponding air supply opening) and the central axis of the circumferential wall. Specifically, the first angle and / or the second angle may lie in a plane derived from the circumferential normal (at the location of the corresponding air supply opening) and a perpendicular line from the plane derived from the corresponding row.

[0018] Alternatively, the plane may extend at a first and / or second angle, which is extended by the circumferential direction of the circumferential wall normal and the location of the corresponding air supply opening. Alternatively or additionally, the first and / or second angle may extend at a first angle, which is extended by the corresponding row of the air supply opening.

[0019] In one configuration, the air supply opening further includes a third air supply opening, or a third air supply opening and a fourth air supply opening, wherein the third air supply opening or the third air supply opening and the fourth air supply opening have a third angle different from the first angle and the second angle, and optionally a fourth angle different from the first angle and the second angle. The air supply opening may include multiple air supply openings, each with a different angle. Even though in principle each air supply opening can have an angle different from all the other air supply openings, accurate design of the burner, for example by means of flow simulation, can be cumbersome.

[0020] In a configuration that serves its purpose, adjacent air supply openings, at least in the circumferential direction, and particularly in all directions, are air supply openings with different angles. This is achieved, for example, by an arrangement in which first air supply openings alternate with second air supply openings. The next line can then begin in a staggered manner.

[0021] The air supply openings can be arranged in a periodic pattern along the circumferential direction, wherein all rows of air supply openings have the same pattern. The pattern can be, for example, ABAB, ABCABC, AABBAABB, AABAAB, or ABCBABC.

[0022] Furthermore, the air supply openings can be arranged symmetrically about the central axis of the circumferential wall.

[0023] To suit the destination, the air supply openings are arranged at equal intervals along the circumferential direction. Here, only the air supply openings in a corresponding row may have the same spacing as each other, or they may have the same spacing as each other across all rows.

[0024] In one configuration, the thickness of the circumferential wall may differ from the thickness of the rest of the circumferential wall, at least in a portion of the air supply opening. This may, for example, involve localized thickening of the circumferential wall in the area of ​​one, several, or all of the air supply openings.

[0025] In one configuration, a circumferential wall is arranged on the evaporator receiver. The evaporator receiver, as intended, has a bottom region. The circumferential wall advantageously extends from the bottom region. A fuel supply line can extend into the bottom region of the evaporator receiver.

[0026] The mobile heating device according to the invention, particularly a mobile vehicle heating device, includes a burner according to the invention. The heating device is particularly suitable for use in land vehicles.

[0027] The method for manufacturing a burner, preferably, in particular, the aforementioned burner, according to the present invention comprises:

[0028] - Provide circumferential wall

[0029] - Select the first angle of the first air supply opening based on the thickness of the circumferential wall.

[0030] - Select the second angle of the second air supply opening based on the thickness of the circumferential wall.

[0031] - Arrange and introduce a first air supply opening and a second air supply opening.

[0032] The arrangement of the first and second air supply openings can be achieved, in particular, using flow simulation and heat distribution simulation. To introduce the air supply openings, the openings can be, for example, bored or milled, or molded together with the burner, particularly the evaporator receiver. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The invention is further illustrated below with reference to embodiments and the accompanying drawings, regarding additional features and advantages. The schematic diagrams show:

[0034] Figure 1 A first view of the evaporator receiving assembly is shown;

[0035] Figure 2 It shows the source Figure 1 A second view of the evaporator receiving component;

[0036] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view showing a row of air supply openings in one configuration is shown.

[0037] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view showing a row of air supply openings cut along an alternative configuration is shown.

[0038] Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of a row of air supply openings perpendicular to a configuration is shown.

[0039] Figure 6 A partial cross-sectional view of a row of air supply openings perpendicular to an alternative configuration is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Figure 1 A first view is shown of an evaporator receiver 2 and a fuel supply line 4. The evaporator receiver 2 has a bottom region 6. The fuel supply line 4 extends into the bottom region 6. The fuel supply line 4 may be constructed, for example, as a pipe. In the view shown, the bottom region 6 has a recess adapted for receiving an evaporator assembly, particularly the evaporator.

[0041] A circumferential wall 8 extends from the bottom region 6. The circumferential wall sections are cylindrical and conical in shape. Alternatively, a purely cylindrical configuration is also possible. A receiving element 10 is arranged in the section below the circumferential wall, i.e., near the bottom region 6. This receiving element is suitable for receiving an ignition element and / or a flame detector. The height of the receiving element 10, measured from the bottom region, is specifically matched to the dimensions of the evaporator assembly.

[0042] Multiple air supply openings 12 are provided in the circumferential wall 8. In the example shown, the air supply openings 12 are arranged in the circumferential direction in two rows 20, 22. However, it is also possible to arrange them in only one row or in multiple rows. Figure 1 In row 20, the number of air supply openings 12 is greater than the number of air supply openings in row 22, which is particularly true according to... Figure 2 As can be seen in the view. In row 20, the spacing between the air supply openings 12 is also different.

[0043] In line 22, a first air supply opening and a second air supply opening 14, 15 are arranged as air supply openings, and in line 20, a third air supply opening and a fourth air supply opening 16, 17 are arranged as air supply openings.

[0044] The first air supply opening 14 is implemented here with a first angle α1 of 0°. In this case, the circumferential wall normal 8a, i.e., the vertical line of the circumferential wall 8, in the region of the first air supply opening 14 is parallel to each other with the longitudinal axis 14a of the first opening. In the cylindrically constructed air supply opening, the first input surface 14b and the first output surface 14c completely overlap in projection along the circumferential wall normal 8a.

[0045] The second air supply opening 15 is constructed at an angle. The longitudinal axis 15a of the second air supply opening forms a second angle α2 with respect to the normal 8a of the circumferential wall in the region of the second air supply opening 15. In this case, the second angle α2 lies only in the plane extending from the normal 8a of the circumferential wall and in the circumferential direction. In the cylindrically constructed second air supply opening 15, the second input surface 15b and the second output surface 15c partially overlap in their projections along the normal 8a of the circumferential wall.

[0046] The third air supply opening 16 is implemented here with a third angle α3 of 0°. In this case, the circumferential wall normal 8a, i.e., the vertical line of the circumferential wall 8, in the region of the third air supply opening 16 is parallel to each other with the longitudinal axis 16a of the third opening. In the cylindrically constructed air supply opening, the third input surface 16b and the third output surface 16c completely overlap in projection along the circumferential wall normal 8a.

[0047] The fourth air supply opening 17 is constructed at an angle. The longitudinal axis 17a of the fourth air supply opening 17b forms a fourth angle α4 with respect to the normal 8 of the circumferential wall in the region of the fourth air supply opening. In this case, the fourth angle α4 lies only in the plane extending from the normal 8a of the circumferential wall and the central axis. In the cylindrically constructed fourth air supply opening 17, the fourth input surface 17b and the fourth output surface 17c partially overlap in their projections along the normal 8a of the circumferential wall.

[0048] Figure 3An exemplary cross-sectional view of a row of air supply openings is shown. The air supply openings are arranged in a circumferential wall of uniform thickness t. In the cross-sectional view shown, the first air supply opening 14, the second air supply opening 15, and the third air supply opening 16 are arranged periodically. The period here is ABCABC... Angles α1, α2, and α3 should lie only in the plane shown in the figure. The first air supply opening 14 extends perpendicularly to the circumferential wall 8. Thus, the normal 8a of the circumferential wall and the longitudinal axis 14a of the first opening overlap each other. A first output surface 14c of the first air supply opening 14 is arranged on the inner side of the circumferential wall 8, and a first input surface 14b is arranged on the outer side of the circumferential wall 8. The first input surface 14b and the first output surface 14c completely overlap in projection along the normal 8a of the circumferential wall.

[0049] The second air supply opening 15 extends obliquely. Thus, the circumferential wall normal 8a and the longitudinal axis 15a of the second opening are positioned relative to each other at a second angle α2. A second output surface 15c of the second air supply opening 15 is arranged on the inner side of the circumferential wall 8, and a second input surface 15b is arranged on the outer side of the circumferential wall 8. The second input surface 15b and the second output surface 15c partially overlap in their projection along the circumferential wall normal 8a. Thus, an opening exists in the viewing direction along the circumferential wall normal 8a.

[0050] The third air supply opening 16 extends obliquely. Thus, the circumferential wall normal 8a and the longitudinal axis 16a of the third opening are positioned relative to each other at a third angle α3. A third output surface 16c of the third air supply opening 16 is arranged on the inner side of the circumferential wall 8, and a third input surface 16b is arranged on the outer side of the circumferential wall 8. The third input surface 16b and the third output surface 16c partially overlap in their projection along the circumferential wall normal 8a. Thus, an opening exists in the viewing direction along the circumferential wall normal 8a.

[0051] Figure 4 An exemplary cross-section is shown of a row of air supply openings in an evaporator receiver of an alternative configuration. The air supply openings here have a periodicity ABACABA..., that is, a first air supply opening 14 is immediately followed by a second air supply opening 15. Then another first air supply opening 14 is immediately followed by a third air supply opening 16. The first air supply opening has an angle α1, the second air supply opening has an angle α2, and the third air supply opening has an angle α3, where α1 is not equal to α2 and α3.

[0052] Figure 5A section perpendicular to a row of sections is shown, in which the air supply openings have an inclined component in the plane unfolded by the central axis and the circumferential normal 8a. In the configuration shown, a first air supply opening 14 is arranged in a cylindrical region of the circumferential wall, the first air supply opening having a horizontal longitudinal axis 14a parallel to the normal of the circumferential wall. A third air supply opening 16 is arranged in a conical region of the circumferential wall 8, the third air supply opening having a longitudinal axis that forms an angle α3 with the circumferential wall normal 8a in the cross-sectional plane.

[0053] Figure 6 A section of a cross-section perpendicular to an alternative configuration is shown, in which the air supply openings have an inclined component, i.e., an angle, in a plane unfolded by the central axis and the circumferential normal 8a. In the configuration shown, a second air supply opening 15 is arranged in a cylindrical region of the circumferential wall, the second air supply opening having an opening longitudinal axis 15a inclined to the circumferential wall normal 8a. A fourth air supply opening 17 is arranged in a conical region of the circumferential wall 8, the fourth air supply opening having a horizontal square opening longitudinal axis 17a, the opening longitudinal axis forming an angle α4 with the circumferential wall normal 8a in the cross-sectional plane.

[0054] Even though the present invention is illustrated as an example of a burner with an evaporator receiver, the circumferential wall with the aforementioned air supply opening can also be arranged as a separate component in, for example, a burner with a housing.

[0055] List of reference numerals

[0056] 2 Evaporator receiver

[0057] 4. Fuel supply pipeline

[0058] 6. Bottom area

[0059] 8 Circumferential Wall

[0060] 8a Circular wall normal

[0061] 10 Receiving Components

[0062] 12 Air supply openings

[0063] 14 First air supply opening

[0064] 14a First opening longitudinal axis

[0065] 14b First Input Face

[0066] 14c first output surface

[0067] 15 Second air supply opening

[0068] 15a Second opening longitudinal axis

[0069] 15b Second Input Surface

[0070] 15c Second Output Surface

[0071] 16 Third air supply opening

[0072] 16a Third opening longitudinal axis

[0073] 16b Third Input Surface

[0074] 16c third output surface

[0075] 17 Fourth air supply opening

[0076] 17a Fourth Opening Longitudinal Axis

[0077] 17b Fourth Input Surface

[0078] 17c fourth output surface

[0079] 20 lines

[0080] 22 lines

[0081] α1 First Angle

[0082] α2 Second angle

[0083] α3 Third angle

[0084] α4 Fourth Angle

[0085] t thickness.

Claims

1. A burner for a mobile heating device operating on fuel, the burner comprising: - An evaporator receiver (2) for receiving an evaporator assembly for distributing and evaporating liquid fuel, and - at least one fuel supply line (4) for supplying liquid fuel to the evaporator assembly, wherein the burner has a circumferential wall (8) having a plurality of air supply openings (12), wherein the air supply openings (12) are arranged in at least one row (20, 22), wherein the air supply openings (12) in the at least one row (20, 22) include at least one first air supply opening (14) and at least one second air supply opening (15), the first air supply opening having a first opening longitudinal axis (14a), a first input surface (14b) and a first output surface (14c), and the second air supply opening having a second opening longitudinal axis (15a) The first opening longitudinal axis (14a) and the circumferential wall normal (8a) of the first air supply opening (14) form a first angle α1, and the second opening longitudinal axis (15a) and the circumferential wall normal (8a) of the second air supply opening (15) form a second angle α2 different from the first angle, wherein the first angle α1 and / or the second angle α2 are selected such that the first input surface (14b) and the first output surface (14c) or the second input surface (15b) and the second output surface (15c) at least partially overlap in the projection direction of the circumferential wall normal (8a).

2. The burner according to claim 1, wherein, The rows (20, 22) extend in the circumferential direction.

3. The burner according to claim 1, wherein, The air supply openings (12) are arranged along at least two rows (20, 22) in the circumferential direction of the circumferential wall (8), wherein each row (20, 22) includes at least one first air supply opening (14) and a second air supply opening (15).

4. The burner according to claim 3, wherein, The air supply openings (12) are arranged in three or four rows (20, 22) in the circumferential direction of the circumferential wall (8), wherein each row (20, 22) includes at least one first air supply opening (14) and a second air supply opening (15).

5. The burner according to claim 1, wherein, The first angle α1 and / or the second angle α2 is a maximum of 40°, and / or wherein only the first angle α1 is 0°.

6. The burner according to claim 1, in, The first angle α1 and / or the second angle α2 lie in a plane that is expanded by the circumferential direction of the circumferential wall normal (8a) and the location of the corresponding air supply opening, and / or wherein the first angle α1 and / or the second angle α2 lie in a plane that is expanded by the corresponding rows (20, 22), or wherein the first angle α1 and / or the second angle α2 lie in a plane that is expanded by the circumferential wall normal (8a) and the central axis of the circumferential wall at the location of the corresponding air supply opening, or wherein the first angle α1 and / or the second angle α2 extend obliquely to a plane that is expanded by the circumferential direction of the circumferential wall normal (8a) and the location of the corresponding air supply opening, and / or wherein the first angle α1 and / or the second angle α2 extend obliquely to a plane that is expanded by the corresponding rows (20, 22).

7. The burner according to claim 1, wherein, The air supply opening (12) further includes a third air supply opening (16) or a third air supply opening (16) and a fourth air supply opening (17), wherein the third air supply opening or the third air supply opening and the fourth air supply opening have a third angle α3 different from the first angle α1 and the second angle α2 or a third angle α3 and a fourth angle α4 different from the first angle α1 and the second angle α2, or wherein the air supply opening (12) includes a plurality of air supply openings (12) with different angles.

8. The burner according to claim 1, wherein, At least the adjacent air supply openings (12) in the circumferential direction are air supply openings (12) with different angles.

9. The burner according to claim 2, wherein, The air supply opening (12) is arranged in a periodic pattern along the circumferential direction.

10. The burner according to claim 9, wherein, All rows (20, 22) of the air supply opening (12) have the same pattern.

11. The burner according to claim 2, wherein, The air supply openings (12) are arranged at the same spacing along the circumferential direction.

12. The burner according to claim 1, wherein, The thickness of the circumferential wall (8) differs from the thickness of the rest of the circumferential wall (8) at least in a region of a portion of the air supply opening (12).

13. The burner according to claim 1, wherein, The circumferential wall (8) is arranged on the evaporator receiver (2) which has a bottom region (6).

14. A portable heating device having a burner according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The portable heating device according to claim 14, wherein, The mobile heating device is a mobile vehicle heating device.

16. A method for manufacturing a burner according to any one of claims 1 to 13, comprising: - Provide a circumferential wall (8), - Select a first angle α1 of the first air supply opening (14) according to the thickness (t) of the circumferential wall (8), - Select a second angle α2 of the second air supply opening (15) according to the thickness (t) of the circumferential wall (8), - Arrange the first air supply opening and the second air supply opening and introduce them into the circumferential wall (8).

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