A nucleic acid extraction device and method based on membrane adsorption

Abstract

The application discloses a nucleic acid extraction device and method based on a membrane adsorption method, which comprises an extraction box, a reagent bin arranged in the extraction box, an operating rod arranged in the reagent bin, a plurality of reagent septums mounted on the operating rod, and a reagent containing cavity formed between adjacent reagent septums; a sample bin provided with a sample bin opening, the sample bin opening being closed after a sample is added into the sample bin, a reagent channel connected between the sample bin and the reagent bin, and the operating rod being capable of separating and conveying reagents in different reagent containing cavities to the sample bin, and the sample bin being provided with a waste liquid discharge port. The application can extract nucleic acid by using very few mechanical actions, is favorable for reducing personnel operation steps, and improves nucleic acid extraction efficiency. Meanwhile, the device has low structural complexity, is favorable for reducing cost, is small and convenient to operate, has no complex operation in the extraction process, and is efficient and safe.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biological instruments, in particular to a nucleic acid extraction device and method based on membrane adsorption. BACKGROUND

[0002] Nucleic acids include DNA and RNA molecules, which exist in a state combined with proteins in cells. The main steps of nucleic acid extraction are as follows: 1. Lysis of cells to remove proteins and polysaccharides, lipids and other biological macromolecules combined with nucleic acids, and to remove other unnecessary nucleic acid molecules. For example, when extracting DNA molecules, RNA should be removed, and vice versa. If RNA and DNA are extracted together, neither of them needs to be removed; 2. Precipitate nucleic acids or adsorb nucleic acids; 3. Purify nucleic acids to remove salts, organic agents and other impurities; 4. Elute or dissolve nucleic acids using eluent or dissolving solution to elute or dissolve nucleic acids.

[0003] The detection principle of nucleic acids in related technologies is that a plurality of reagents are prepared by manual or automatic means, nucleic acid extraction is performed on the sample to form a nucleic acid reaction liquid meeting the detection conditions, and then the nucleic acid reaction liquid meeting the detection conditions is added to a reaction tube by manual or automatic means. Finally, the reaction liquid in the reaction tube is detected by equipment to realize the detection of nucleic acids.

[0004] In the related technologies described above, the reagents in different test bottles need to be injected into the nucleic acid extraction reaction tube during the extraction of nucleic acids, so that the reagents and the sample are in contact to realize the extraction of nucleic acids. However, this extraction method is slow in extracting nucleic acids, resulting in low efficiency of nucleic acid detection. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to improve the detection efficiency of nucleic acids, the present application provides a nucleic acid extraction device and method based on membrane adsorption.

[0006] The nucleic acid extraction device and method based on membrane adsorption provided by the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0007] First aspect

[0008] A nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption, comprising an extraction box, further comprising a reagent storage compartment arranged in the extraction box,

[0009] The reagent storage compartment is provided with an operating rod extending out of the reagent storage compartment, and a plurality of reagent partitions are installed on the operating rod, and a reagent containing cavity is formed between adjacent reagent partitions.

[0010] The sample bin is provided with a sample bin opening which is closed after the sample is added into the sample bin, and the reagent channel is connected between the sample bin and the reagent bin.

[0011] By adopting the technical scheme, the reagent is integrated in the extraction box, and when the reagent is transported into the sample bin, the nucleic acid extraction process is fully closed, which is beneficial to reduce the contact between the sample or the reagent and the external environment and improve the accuracy of nucleic acid detection. Meanwhile, by moving the operating rod, the reagent in different reagent bins can be transported into the sample bin in intervals, so that the nucleic acid is extracted. The nucleic acid can be extracted by adopting very few mechanical actions, which is beneficial to reduce the operation steps of personnel, improve the nucleic acid extraction efficiency, and the device has low structural complexity, which is beneficial to reduce the cost, and the device is small and convenient to operate, and there is no complex operation in the extraction process, which is efficient and safe.

[0012] Optionally, the reagent septum close to the liquid inlet of the reagent channel is in sliding connection with the operating rod, and the reagent septum farthest from the liquid inlet of the reagent channel is in fixed connection with the operating rod.

[0013] By adopting the technical scheme, in a certain scenario, when the operating rod is pulled, the operating rod drives the reagent septum to move, and when the reagent septum closest to the liquid inlet of the reagent channel abuts against the inner wall of the reagent bin, the reagent septum slides relative to the operating rod, the operating rod drives another reagent septum to approach the stationary reagent septum, and then the reagent in the reagent containing cavity is pushed into the reagent channel, and the reagents in different reagent containing cavities can be transported into the reagent channel in intervals by using the method. The scheme is ingenious, and the simple structure is used to realize the interval transportation of the reagent, which is beneficial to reduce the cost and meet the effective extraction of the nucleic acid.

[0014] Optionally, the side of the reagent septum away from the liquid inlet of the reagent channel is provided with a superposition groove, and the side of another reagent septum facing the superposition groove is provided with a superposition part, and the superposition part is embedded in the superposition groove.

[0015] By adopting the technical scheme, on the one hand, the contact area of the side of the reagent septum and the inner wall of the reagent bin is larger, and the sealing property of the reagent septum is stronger, and on the other hand, when the plurality of reagent septums are superposed, the space is saved, and the capacity of the reagent is maximized while the device is small.

[0016] Optionally, the size of the liquid inlet of the reagent channel increases towards the direction close to the reagent bin.

[0017] By adopting the technical scheme, when the reagent septum is stacked, the reagent in the reagent accommodating cavity farthest from the liquid inlet of the reagent channel can still enter the reagent channel through the liquid inlet; meanwhile, the reagent bin can utilize multiple reagent septa to separate the reagent in a small space to the maximum extent, thereby guaranteeing the compactness of the extraction box and the accuracy of nucleic acid extraction.

[0018] Optionally, the nucleic acid extraction device further comprises a reaction bin, the reaction bin is provided with a liquid inlet channel and a liquid outlet channel, the liquid inlet channel is connected with the sample bin, the liquid outlet channel of the reaction bin is blocked during nucleic acid extraction, and the liquid outlet channel of the reaction bin is opened when it is required to extract the extracted nucleic acid into the reaction bin.

[0019] By adopting the technical scheme, the extracted nucleic acid can be transported into the reaction bin, and the subsequent detection equipment can detect the nucleic acid in the reaction bin, thereby reducing the risk of the extracted nucleic acid contacting the external environment during the pipetting process, and effectively improving the accuracy of nucleic acid detection.

[0020] Optionally, the reagent bin is provided with a reaction bin liquid suction plug, the operation rod can be connected with the reaction bin liquid suction plug, and the operation rod can drive the reaction bin liquid suction plug to separate from the liquid outlet of the liquid outlet channel to form a liquid suction cavity between the reaction bin liquid suction plug and the inner wall of the reagent bin.

[0021] By adopting the technical scheme, the operation rod drives the movement of the reaction bin liquid suction plug, and then extracts the extracted nucleic acid in the sample bin into the reaction bin, thereby realizing the transfer of the nucleic acid. The operation rod in the scheme can realize the extraction and pipetting of the nucleic acid, has multiple functions, is convenient for personnel to operate, and is beneficial to improve the overall detection efficiency of the nucleic acid.

[0022] Optionally, the end of the operation rod is connected with an operation rod buckle, and the operation rod is detachably connected with the reaction bin liquid suction plug through the operation rod buckle.

[0023] By adopting the technical scheme, when the reagent is transported, the operation rod buckle is not connected with the reaction bin liquid suction plug, and when it is required to extract the extracted nucleic acid, the operation rod buckle can be used to realize the quick connection between the operation rod and the reaction bin liquid suction plug, thereby further improving the detection efficiency of the nucleic acid.

[0024] Optionally, a connecting block is connected between the operation rod and the operation rod buckle, a sample inlet and a sample outlet are arranged on the side wall of the reagent bin close to the connecting block, the sample outlet is connected with the sample bin opening, a sample through hole is arranged in the center of the connecting block, and the hole size of the sample through hole is greater than the hole size of the sample inlet and the sample outlet.

[0025] By adopting the technical scheme, the sample can enter the sample chamber through the sample inlet and the sample outlet, and the sample through hole ensures that the sample can completely and smoothly enter the sample chamber. On the one hand, the sample inlet, the sample outlet and the sample through hole facilitate the personnel to block the sealing plug at the opening of the sample chamber. On the other hand, the open sample inlet enables the reagent chamber to communicate with the outside, so that the personnel can smoothly move the operating rod to smoothly transport the reagent into the sample chamber.

[0026] Optionally, the extraction box further comprises a waste liquid recovery assembly, the waste liquid recovery assembly comprises a waste liquid chamber, a waste liquid flow channel is connected between the waste liquid chamber and the waste liquid discharge port, and a waste liquid exhaust channel is connected to one side of the waste liquid chamber.

[0027] By adopting the technical scheme, the waste liquid recovery assembly collects the waste liquid generated in the extraction, facilitates the subsequent treatment of medical waste, enables the gas to flow, ensures that the generated waste liquid can smoothly enter the waste liquid chamber, and ensures that the generated waste liquid does not enter the reaction chamber, and the nucleic acid can be smoothly extracted into the reaction chamber when the nucleic acid is subsequently extracted.

[0028] The second aspect

[0029] A nucleic acid extraction method based on a membrane adsorption method, comprising the following steps:

[0030] S1, the reagent is pre-sealed in the reagent chamber;

[0031] S2, adding a sample into the sample chamber, and blocking the opening of the sample chamber and the liquid outlet channel of the reaction chamber;

[0032] S3, moving the operating rod to sequentially and intermittently transport the reagents in different reagent containing cavities into the reagent chamber to extract the nucleic acid, and the waste liquid is discharged through the waste liquid discharge port;

[0033] S4, after all the reagents are added into the sample chamber, connecting the operating rod with the liquid suction plug of the reaction chamber, moving the liquid suction plug of the reaction chamber by the operating rod, forming a liquid suction cavity between the liquid suction plug of the reaction chamber and the inner wall of the reagent chamber to extract the nucleic acid in the sample chamber into the reaction chamber, and realizing the extraction of the nucleic acid.

[0034] By adopting the technical scheme, the nucleic acid extraction is integrated in the extraction box, the whole reaction system is carried out in the extraction box, the nucleic acid extraction and pipetting in the environment are reduced, the accuracy of the detection result is improved, after the sample is added, the personnel only need to operate the operating rod to realize the extraction and pipetting of the nucleic acid, the detection efficiency of the nucleic acid is greatly improved, the operation is simple, the problem of inaccurate detection result caused by misoperation can be greatly reduced, and the detection cost is reduced while the accuracy of the detection result is ensured.

[0035] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0036] 1. The present application adopts very few mechanical actions to extract nucleic acid, which is conducive to reducing personnel operation steps and improving nucleic acid extraction efficiency. Meanwhile, the device has low complexity, which is conducive to reducing costs, and the device is small and convenient to operate, and there is no complex operation in the extraction process, which is efficient and safe.

[0037] 2. The reagent septum is arranged in a stacked manner. On the one hand, the contact area of the reagent septum peripheral side with the inner wall of the reagent bin is larger, and the sealing performance of the reagent septum is stronger. On the other hand, when a plurality of reagent septums are stacked, it is conducive to saving space, and the reagent capacity is maximized while the device is small.

[0038] 3. The nucleic acid extraction is integrated in the extraction box, and the whole reaction system is carried out in the extraction box, which reduces the nucleic acid extraction and pipetting in the environment, and is conducive to improving the accuracy of the detection result. At the same time, after adding the sample, the operator only needs to operate the operating rod to realize the extraction and pipetting of the nucleic acid, which greatly improves the detection efficiency of the nucleic acid, and the operation is simple, which can greatly reduce the problem of inaccurate detection results caused by misoperation. In addition, the extraction box is a disposable consumable, which is recycled after use, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the detection result and reducing the detection cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the embodiment of the present application.

[0040] Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional view of the nucleic acid extraction device in the embodiment of the present application in an unused state.

[0041] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the nucleic acid extraction device in the embodiment of the present application in an unused state.

[0042] Figure 4 It is a front cross-sectional view of the nucleic acid extraction device in the embodiment of the present application in a reagent adding state.

[0043] Figure 5 It is a state diagram of the operating rod buckle preparing to connect with the reaction bin liquid suction plug.

[0044] Figure 6 It is a state diagram of the nucleic acid extraction device in the embodiment of the present application in which the nucleic acid is extracted into the reaction bin.

[0045] Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional view of the operating rod buckle and the reaction bin liquid suction plug in another embodiment.

[0046] Figure 8is a side view of the operating rod buckle in another embodiment.

[0047] Explanation of reference signs:

[0048] 1. extraction box; 200, reagent bin; 201, sample inlet; 202, sample outlet; 203, operating rod; 204, operating rod buckle slot; 205, reagent spacer; 206, reagent containing cavity; 207, reagent channel; 208, superposition slot; 209, superposition part; 210, disc; 211, liquid inlet; 300, sample bin; 301, filter membrane; 302, sample bin opening; 303, sample bin sealing plug; 304, waste liquid discharge port; 400, waste liquid recovery assembly; 401, waste liquid bin; 402, waste liquid flow channel; 403, waste liquid exhaust channel; 500, reaction bin; 501, liquid inlet channel; 502, liquid outlet channel; 503, reaction bin liquid suction plug; 504, connecting block; 505, first buckle slot; 506, liquid suction cavity; 507, second buckle slot; 508, limiting part; 509, sample through hole; 600, operating rod buckle; 601, first connecting part; 602, first buckle part; 603, second connecting part; 604, second buckle part; 605, through slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be described in detail in combination with the accompanying Figures 1-8 Further detailed description will be made to the present application.

[0050] The embodiments of the present application disclose a nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption method. Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The nucleic acid extraction device comprises an extraction box 100 and a reagent bin 200, a sample bin 300, a waste liquid recovery assembly 400 and a reaction bin 500 arranged in the extraction box 100. First, a sample is added into the sample bin 300, then the liquid inlet of the sample bin 300 is blocked, the reagent in the reagent bin 200 is intermittently delivered to the sample bin 300, the nucleic acid in the sample bin 300 is extracted, the waste liquid generated in the process of extracting the nucleic acid is recovered by the waste liquid recovery assembly 400, and the extracted nucleic acid is extracted into the reaction bin 500, and then the nucleic acid in the reaction bin 500 is detected by a detection device to obtain a nucleic acid detection result.

[0051] Referring to Figure 2 The sample bin 300 is provided with a filter membrane 301, and after the sample is added into the sample bin 300, the sample is supported on the upper surface of the filter membrane 301.

[0052] The top of the sample bin 300 is provided with a sample bin opening 302, the sidewall of the reagent bin 200 is provided with a sample inlet 201 and a sample outlet 202, the sample outlet 202 communicates with the sample bin opening 302, the sample inlet 201, the sample outlet 202 and the sample bin opening 302 are coaxially arranged, and the sample bin 300 can be added with samples through the sample inlet 201, the sample outlet 202 and the sample bin opening 302, and after the sample is added into the sample bin 300, the sample bin sealing plug 303 is passed through the sample inlet 201, the sample outlet 202 and blocked at the sample bin opening 302, so as to seal the sample bin 300.

[0053] After the sample bin 300 is sealed, the reagent in the reagent bin 200 is transported into the sample bin 300.

[0054] Referring to Figure 2 , the reagent bin 200 is provided with an operating rod 203, in the embodiment, the operating rod 203 is slidingly connected with the sidewall of the extraction box 100, in another embodiment, the operating rod 203 is threadedly connected with the inner wall of the extraction box 100, and the operating rod 203 is moved by using the threaded connection, and in other embodiments, the operating rod 203 can also be moved in the axial direction by other ways.

[0055] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , one end of the operating rod 203 extends out of the reagent bin 200, and the end of the operating rod 203 extending out of the reagent bin 200 is provided with an operating rod clamping groove 204, and the operating rod clamping groove 204 is used for facilitating personnel to operate the operating rod 203.

[0056] Referring to Figure 2 , a plurality of reagent partitions 205 are installed on the rod wall of the operating rod 203, and a reagent containing cavity 206 is formed between the plurality of reagent partitions 205. Among them, the reagent bin 200 and the sample bin 300 are connected with a reagent channel 207, and the reagent in the reagent containing cavity 206 can flow into the sample bin 300 through the reagent channel 207.

[0057] Referring to Figure 3In the embodiment, the reagent septum 205 is composed of an elastic rubber sealing gasket, the operating rod 203 penetrates the center of the reagent septum 205, and the reagent septum 205 close to the liquid inlet 211 of the reagent channel 207 is in sliding connection with the operating rod 203, but there is a certain friction between the operating rod 203 and the reagent septum 205. A certain counter thrust is required between the operating rod 203 and the reagent septum 205, and the two can only slide relative to each other under this restriction. When the operating rod 203 is pulled out of the extraction box 100, the operating rod 203 drives all the reagent septa 205 to move. When the reagent septum 205 closest to the liquid inlet 211 of the reagent channel 207 abuts against the end face side wall of the reagent bin 200, the operating rod 203 moves, the reagent septum 205 is fixed, another reagent septum 205 moves, and then the reagent in the reagent containing cavity 206 is pushed into the reagent channel 207 and flows into the sample bin 300 from the reagent channel 207.

[0058] In this process, after the reagent in one reagent containing cavity 206 is transported into the sample bin 300, a period of time is needed to wait for the reagent to fully react with the sample, and then the reagent in another reagent containing cavity 206 is transported into the sample bin 300 for the next reaction. The present application greatly facilitates the test personnel to judge whether the reagent in one reagent containing cavity 206 has been completely transported into the sample bin 300 by the force of pulling the operating rod 203, and thus helps the test personnel to control the process of nucleic acid extraction and improve the accuracy of subsequent detection results.

[0059] Referring to Figure 3 In order to fully utilize the space of the reagent bin 200 to make the nucleic acid extraction device more miniaturized, the side surface of the reagent septum 205 is provided with a superposition groove 208, and the side surface of another reagent septum 205 is integrally formed with a superposition part 209. When the reagent septa 205 are superposed, the superposition part 209 is embedded in the superposition groove 208, further reducing the occupied space when the reagent septa 205 are superposed, and such a configuration makes the contact area of the side surface of the reagent septum 205 with the inner wall of the reagent bin 200 larger, and the sealing performance of the reagent septum 205 stronger.

[0060] In order to ensure that the reagent in the reagent containing cavity 206 can be effectively transported into the reagent channel 207, the reagent septum 205 farthest from the liquid inlet 211 of the reagent channel 207 in all the reagent septa 205 is fixedly connected with the operating rod 203. The end portion of the operating rod 203 located in the reagent bin 200 is fixed with a disc 210, and the disc 210 is embedded in the superposition groove 208 of the reagent septum 205. When the operating rod 203 is pulled out of the extraction box 100, the disc 210 is used to pull the reagent septum 205 to move, so as to ensure that the reagent containing cavity 206 can be squeezed.

[0061] With reference to Figure 3 When no detection is performed, the liquid inlet 211 of the reagent channel 207 is located in the cavity between the end face of the reagent bin 200 and the reagent septum 205, and no reagent is added between the reagent bin 200 and the reagent septum 205; after the reagent septum 205 is moved by the operating rod 203, the reagent containing cavity 206 is in communication with the liquid inlet 211 of the reagent channel 207, and liquid is normally discharged at this time. When a plurality of reagent septa 205 are stacked, the plurality of stacked reagent septa 205 are located in the cavity between the reagent bin 200 and the reagent septum 205, at this time, in order to smoothly discharge the reagent containing cavity 206 farthest from the liquid inlet 211 of the reagent channel 207, the size of the liquid inlet 211 of the reagent channel 207 increases towards the reagent bin 200, and the opening is inclined towards the reagent containing cavity 206 located at the farthest position. Such a setting allows the reagent bin 200 to maximize the use of multiple reagent septa 205 to separate reagents in a smaller space, ensuring the accuracy of nucleic acid extraction while ensuring the compactness of the extraction box 100.

[0062] As for the method of how the reagent is added to the reagent bin 200, the opening on one side of the reagent bin 200 can be selected to add the reagent to the reagent containing cavity 206, and then the opening is sealed by ultrasonic waves. Other methods can also be selected.

[0063] With reference to Figure 2 The side wall of the sample bin 300 close to the bottom is provided with a waste liquid discharge port 304, and the waste liquid generated in the nucleic acid extraction is discharged through the waste liquid discharge port 304. The waste liquid recovery assembly 400 comprises a waste liquid bin 401, and a waste liquid flow pipe 402 is connected between the waste liquid bin 401 and the waste liquid discharge port 304. The waste liquid flow pipe 402 is arranged in a serpentine shape, which is beneficial to prolong the waste liquid flow pipe 402, so that the sample bin 300 can maintain a certain airtightness after the waste liquid enters the waste liquid flow pipe 402, thereby facilitating the subsequent extraction of the extracted nucleic acid.

[0064] The side wall of the waste liquid bin 401 is connected with a waste liquid exhaust pipe 403, and the exhaust end of the waste liquid exhaust pipe 403 is in communication with the outside of the extraction box 100. The reagent is added to the sample bin 300, and the pressure is formed in the sample bin 300 during the liquid adding process. The sample and the reagent are mixed and reacted, and the generated waste liquid directly flows to the waste liquid bin 401.

[0065] With reference to Figure 4 The reagents in the other reagent containing cavities 206 are sequentially and intermittently transported to the sample bin 300, and after the sample is reacted with the reagent for multiple times, the final nucleic acid extraction liquid is formed.

[0066] With reference to Figure 5The reaction chamber 500 is equipped with an inlet channel 501 and an outlet channel 502. The inlet channel 501 is connected to the sample chamber 300, and the outlet channel 502 is connected to the reagent chamber 200. The reagent chamber 200 is equipped with a reaction chamber aspiration plug 503. During nucleic acid extraction, the reaction chamber aspiration plug 503 is used to block the outlet channel 502. When it is necessary to extract the extracted nucleic acid into the reaction chamber 500, the reaction chamber aspiration plug 503 is removed by the operating rod 203, so that the outlet channel 502 of the reaction chamber 500 is opened.

[0067] In this embodiment, a connecting block 504 is fixed to the end face of the disk 210, and an operating lever buckle 600 is connected to the side of the connecting block 504 away from the disk 210. Referring to... Figure 5 The operating lever latch 600 includes a first connecting part 601 and a first latching part 602. The first connecting part 601 is connected to the connecting block 504. The first latching part 602 is integrally formed on the end of the first connecting part 601. The circumference of the first connecting part 601 gradually decreases in the direction away from the first connecting part 601. A first latching groove 505 is provided on the side of the reaction chamber liquid suction plug 503.

[0068] Reference Figure 5 The reaction chamber suction plug 503 is made of elastic rubber plug. When the operating lever buckle 600 is pushed toward the reaction chamber suction plug 503, the first buckle part 602 is squeezed into the first buckle groove 505. At this time, the first buckle part 602 is buckled and connected to the reaction chamber suction plug 503.

[0069] Reference Figure 6 Then, pull the operating lever 203 outward, and the reaction chamber aspiration plug 503 will disengage from the liquid outlet channel 502. A suction cavity 506 will be formed between the reaction chamber aspiration plug 503 and the inner wall of the end face of the reagent chamber 200, thereby extracting the nucleic acid already extracted in the sample chamber 300 into the reaction chamber 500, realizing the transfer of nucleic acid.

[0070] In another embodiment, reference is made to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The operating lever latch 600 includes a second connecting portion 603 and a second latching portion 604. The cross-section of the second latching portion 604 is larger than that of the second connecting portion 603. A through groove 605 is axially formed on the side of the second latching portion 604. A second latching groove 507 is formed on the side of the reaction chamber suction plug 503. A limiting portion 508 is fixed to the groove wall of the second latching groove 507. When the operating lever latch 600 is brought close to the reaction chamber suction plug 503, the limiting portion 508 passes through the through groove 605. Then, the operating lever latch 600 is rotated so that the limiting portion 508 abuts against the second latching portion 604. At this time, pulling the operating lever 203 can move the reaction chamber suction plug 503. In other embodiments, the quick connection between the operating lever latch 600 and the reaction chamber suction plug 503 can also be achieved in other ways.

[0071] Referring to Figure 3 In order to ensure that the sample chamber sealing plug 303 can smoothly enter the sample chamber opening 302, a sample through hole 509 with a hole size larger than the sample inlet 201 and the sample outlet 202 is formed in the center of the connecting block 504. At this time, the sample chamber sealing plug 303 is driven by a tool to pass through the sample inlet 201, the sample through hole 509, the sample outlet 202 in turn and plug in the sample chamber opening 302.

[0072] In addition, the operating rod 203 and the operating rod buckle 600 are both hollow structures, which are beneficial to reduce the weight and improve the convenience of taking the extraction box 100. The hollow structure is beneficial to simplify the manufacturing process and reduce the manufacturing cost. Compared with the solid structure, the hollow structure is more beneficial to reduce the deformation amount of the operating rod 203 during the manufacturing process, and ensures the straightness of the operating rod 203.

[0073] The implementation principle of the nucleic acid extraction device based on the membrane adsorption method is that the reagent is integrated in the extraction box 100. When the reagent is transported into the sample chamber 300, the nucleic acid extraction process is fully closed, which is beneficial to reduce the contact between the sample or the reagent and the external environment, and improve the accuracy of nucleic acid detection. At the same time, by moving the operating rod 203, the reagents in different reagent chambers 200 can be transported into the sample chamber 300 in intervals, so as to realize the extraction of nucleic acid. The present application scheme uses very few mechanical actions to extract nucleic acid, which is beneficial to reduce the operation steps of personnel, improve the nucleic acid extraction efficiency, and at the same time, the device has low structural complexity, which is beneficial to reduce the cost. The device is small and convenient to operate, and there is no complex operation in the extraction process, which is efficient and safe.

[0074] The application also discloses a nucleic acid extraction method based on the membrane adsorption method, which comprises the following steps:

[0075] S1, the reagent is pre-encapsulated in the reagent chamber 200. The reagent is added into the reagent containing cavity 206 through the opening on one side of the reagent chamber 200, and then the opening is sealed by ultrasonic wave.

[0076] S2, the sample is added into the sample chamber 300 through the sample inlet 201 and the sample outlet 202. After the sample is added, the sample chamber opening 302 is blocked by the sample chamber sealing plug 303, and at the same time, the liquid outlet channel 502 of the reaction chamber 500 is blocked by the reaction chamber liquid suction plug 503.

[0077] S3, pull the operating rod 203 to the outside of the extraction box 100, the reagent in the reagent containing cavity 206 is sequentially and intervally transported to the reagent bin 200, the reagent reacts with the sample, and the nucleic acid is extracted through the filter membrane 301, the waste liquid generated in the extraction process is discharged to the waste liquid bin 401 through the waste liquid discharge port 304, and the waste liquid is recycled by using the waste liquid bin 401.

[0078] S4, after all the reagents are added to the sample bin 300, the operating rod 203 is connected with the reaction bin liquid suction plug 503, the operating rod 203 is pulled to move the operating rod 203 to drive the reaction bin liquid suction plug 503 to move, the liquid suction cavity 506 is formed between the reaction bin liquid suction plug 503 and the inner wall of the reagent bin 200 to extract the nucleic acid in the sample bin 300 into the reaction bin 500, and the extraction of the nucleic acid is realized.

[0079] S5, subsequently, the extraction box 100 is placed into the detection equipment, and the detection equipment detects the nucleic acid in the reaction bin 500.

[0080] The above are preferred embodiments of the application, and are not used to limit the protection scope of the application, so that: equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the application should be covered in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption, comprising an extraction cartridge (100), characterized in that: Also includes: A reagent compartment (200) is provided inside the extraction box (100). An operating rod (203) with one end extending out of the reagent compartment (200) is provided inside the reagent compartment (200). Multiple reagent spacers (205) are installed on the operating rod (203), and a reagent receiving cavity (206) is formed between adjacent reagent spacers (205). The sample chamber (300) is provided with a sample chamber opening (302). After the sample is added into the sample chamber (300), the sample chamber opening (302) is closed. A reagent channel (207) is connected between the sample chamber (300) and the reagent chamber (200). The operating lever (203) can move to transport reagents from different reagent cavities (206) to the sample chamber (300). The sample chamber (300) is provided with a waste liquid drain port (304) for discharging waste liquid generated during nucleic acid extraction. The reagent compartment (200) has a sample inlet (201) and a sample outlet (202) on its side wall. The sample outlet (202) is connected to the sample compartment opening (302). The sample inlet (201), the sample outlet (202) and the sample compartment opening (302) are arranged on the same axis. A sample compartment sealing plug (303) is provided at the sample outlet (202) and the sample compartment opening (302) to close the sample compartment (300) after the sample is added into the sample compartment (300).

2. The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reagent septum (205) near the inlet (211) of the reagent channel (207) is slidably connected to the operating rod (203), and the reagent septum (205) furthest from the inlet (211) of the reagent channel (207) is fixedly connected to the operating rod (203).

3. The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The reagent septum (205) has a stacking groove (208) on the side away from the liquid inlet (211) of the reagent channel (207), and another reagent septum (205) has a stacking part (209) on the side facing the stacking groove (208), and the stacking part (209) is embedded in the stacking groove (208).

4. The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The size of the inlet (211) of the reagent channel (207) increases toward the reagent chamber (200).

5. The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nucleic acid extraction device also includes a reaction chamber (500), which is provided with an inlet channel (501) and an outlet channel (502). The inlet channel (501) is connected to the sample chamber (300). During nucleic acid extraction, the outlet channel (502) of the reaction chamber (500) is blocked. When it is necessary to extract the extracted nucleic acid into the reaction chamber (500), the outlet channel (502) of the reaction chamber (500) is opened.

6. The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption according to claim 5, characterized in that: The reagent chamber (200) is provided with a reaction chamber suction plug (503). The operating rod (203) can be connected to the reaction chamber suction plug (503). The operating rod (203) can drive the reaction chamber suction plug (503) to disengage from the outlet of the liquid outlet channel (502) so that a suction cavity (506) is formed between the reaction chamber suction plug (503) and the inner wall of the reagent chamber (200).

7. The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the operating lever (203) is connected to an operating lever buckle (600), and the operating lever (203) is detachably connected to the reaction chamber liquid suction plug (503) through the operating lever buckle (600).

8. The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption according to claim 7, characterized in that: A connecting block (504) is connected between the operating lever (203) and the operating lever buckle (600). The reagent chamber (200) has a sample inlet (201) and a sample outlet (202) on the side wall near the connecting block (504). The sample outlet (202) is connected to the sample chamber opening (302). A sample through hole (509) is provided in the center of the connecting block (504). The hole size of the sample through hole (509) is larger than the hole size of the sample inlet (201) and the sample outlet (202).

9. The nucleic acid extraction device based on membrane adsorption according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extraction box (100) is also equipped with a waste liquid recovery component (400), which includes a waste liquid tank (401). A waste liquid flow pipe (402) is connected between the waste liquid tank (401) and the waste liquid discharge port (304). A waste liquid exhaust pipe (403) is connected to one side of the waste liquid tank (401).

10. A nucleic acid extraction method based on membrane adsorption, using the nucleic acid extraction apparatus based on membrane adsorption as described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Pre-seal the reagents in the reagent compartment (200); S2. Add the sample into the sample chamber (300) and seal the sample chamber opening (302) and the liquid outlet channel (502) of the reaction chamber (500). S3. Move the control lever (203) to sequentially and intermittently transport the reagents in the different reagent cavities (206) to the reagent chamber (200) to extract nucleic acids, and discharge the waste liquid through the waste liquid drain port (304); S4. After all reagents are added to the sample chamber (300), connect the operating rod (203) to the reaction chamber aspiration plug (503), and use the operating rod (203) to move the reaction chamber aspiration plug (503). An aspiration cavity (506) is formed between the reaction chamber aspiration plug (503) and the inner wall of the reagent chamber (200) to extract the nucleic acid in the sample chamber (300) into the reaction chamber (500), thereby realizing the extraction of nucleic acid.

Images