Long-life drill bit with oriented composite sheet

Abstract

A long-life drill bit with a directional composite sheet. The drill tooth matrix of the drill bit is formed by laminating and fixing several layers of matrix thin sheets. A number of polycrystalline diamond composite sheets are evenly embedded on the outer side of each layer of matrix thin sheet. Therefore, multiple layers of polycrystalline diamond composite sheets are formed inside the drill tooth matrix. When the outer-layer polycrystalline diamond composite sheets are worn, the inner-layer polycrystalline diamond composite sheets are exposed from the drill tooth matrix to replace the outer-layer polycrystalline diamond composite sheets to work. The multiple layers of polycrystalline diamond composite sheets can ensure the cutting ability of the drill teeth for a long time and improve the drilling efficiency. The polycrystalline diamond composite sheets are inclined downward so that an angle is formed between their axes and the end face of the drill tooth matrix, and the edges of the polycrystalline diamond layers protrude towards the rotary excavation direction of the drill bit, which can improve the cutting effect of the polycrystalline diamond composite sheets on the rock and enhance the rock penetration ability of the drill teeth, resulting in higher efficiency when drilling harder rocks.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of drill bits, and particularly to a long-life drill bit with oriented composite inserts. Background Art

[0002] Diamond drill bits are mainly used in fields such as geological exploration, coalfield mining, water conservancy and hydropower construction, and highway and railway construction. Rock drilling and rock core sampling are carried out through diamond drill bits. Currently, diamond single crystals are usually mixed inside the drill teeth of the drill bit, and are formed by hot pressing sintering. The diamond is used to improve the cutting performance of the drill teeth on the rock and enhance the rock penetration effect of the drill teeth. However, large cutting resistance will be generated in hard rock formations, so the drill tooth body and diamond will be quickly worn, weakening the ability of the drill teeth to cut rocks and reducing the drilling efficiency. In addition, the cutting resistance generated by cutting hard rock formations will reduce the holding force of the diamond in the drill teeth, and it is easy to cause the diamond to loosen and fall off on the drill teeth, which is not conducive to ensuring the service life of the drill teeth. At the same time, since the hardness of the drill teeth is not as high as that of the diamond, the drill teeth wear faster than the diamond, and the protrusion of the diamond from the drill teeth will also cause it to loosen and fall off. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a drill bit with good cutting effect and long service life. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a long-life drill bit with oriented composite inserts.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a long-life drill bit with oriented composite inserts, including drill teeth welded on the drill bit body. The drill teeth include a drill tooth matrix with a certain arc, a polycrystalline diamond compact and a welding seat. The drill tooth matrix includes several layers of matrix thin sheets. A number of polycrystalline diamond compacts are evenly inlaid on the outer side surface of the matrix thin sheets. The several layers of matrix thin sheets are stacked and synthesized into one body layer by layer from large to small in diameter dimension. The polycrystalline diamond compact protrudes outwards from the outer side surface of the matrix thin sheet, so that the polycrystalline diamond compact is inlaid and fixed between the joint surfaces of adjacent matrix thin sheets. The polycrystalline diamond compact includes a cemented carbide seat and a polycrystalline diamond layer combined into one body. The polycrystalline diamond compact inclines downwards, so that an included angle n is formed between its axis and the end surface of the drill tooth matrix, and 5° ≤ n ≤ 20°. The lower end of the welding seat is connected to the upper surface of the drill tooth matrix in a matching manner, and the upper end is welded to the drill bit body.

[0005] Preferably, the lower end of the polycrystalline diamond compact inclines outwards, so that an included angle m is formed between its axis and the tangent line at the intersection of the outer side surface of the matrix thin sheet, and 5° ≤ m ≤ 45°.

[0006] Preferably, the matrix thin sheet is set to be 1 to 5 layers.

[0007] Preferably, the diameter of the polycrystalline diamond compact is set to be 1 to 2.5 mm, and the height is set to be 2 to 8 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the thickness of the polycrystalline diamond layer is set to be 1 - 7 mm.

[0009] Preferably, the drill tooth matrix is made of metal powder, and the component weight percentages of the metal powder are: FeNiCo accounts for 12% - 28%, CuSn accounts for 15% - 35%, and the balance is tungsten carbide.

[0010] Preferably, diamond single crystals are also incorporated into the metal powder.

[0011] Preferably, the thickness of the welding seat is set to be 2 - 15 mm.

[0012] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0013] (1) The drill tooth matrix of the drill bit is formed by laminating and fixing several matrix thin plates. A plurality of polycrystalline diamond compacts are evenly embedded on the outer side surface of each matrix thin plate. Therefore, multiple layers of polycrystalline diamond compacts are formed inside the drill tooth matrix. When the outer - layer polycrystalline diamond compacts are worn, the inner - layer polycrystalline diamond compacts can expose from the drill tooth matrix to replace the outer - layer polycrystalline diamond compacts for cutting operations. The multiple layers of polycrystalline diamond compacts can ensure the cutting ability of the drill teeth for a long time, improving the drilling efficiency and service life.

[0014] (2) The polycrystalline diamond compact in the drill bit is composed of a cemented carbide seat and a polycrystalline diamond layer that are combined into one. The main material of the drill tooth matrix is metal powder composed of FeNiCo, CuSn, and tungsten carbide. Therefore, the cemented carbide seat of the polycrystalline diamond compact can be combined with the drill tooth matrix as a whole, improving the holding force of the polycrystalline diamond layer in the drill tooth matrix, reducing the abnormal detachment of the polycrystalline diamond layer, and can greatly improve the drill bit life.

[0015] (3) The polycrystalline diamond compact is inclined downward so that an angle is formed between its axis and the end face of the drill tooth matrix, making the edges and corners of the polycrystalline diamond layer protrude in the rotary excavation direction of the drill bit, which can improve the cutting effect of the polycrystalline diamond compact on the rock, enhance the rock - penetrating ability of the drill teeth, and be more efficient when drilling harder rocks.

[0016] (4) The lower end of the polycrystalline diamond compact is inclined outward so that an angle is formed between its axis and the tangent at the intersection of the outer side surface of the matrix thin plate, and this angle setting can increase the outward - protruding area of the polycrystalline diamond layer, thereby increasing the contact area between the polycrystalline diamond layer and the rock to be cut, making it sharp, and can play a role in protecting the cemented carbide seat and the drill tooth matrix, reducing the wear speed of the cemented carbide seat and the drill tooth matrix, and improving the service life of the drill bit. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 is a three - dimensional structural schematic diagram of the drill tooth of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic top view structure diagram of the drill teeth of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic front view structure diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 is Figure 3 A - A sectional view of;

[0021] Figure 5 is Figure 4 A schematic structure diagram of another arrangement method of the polycrystalline diamond compact in;

[0022] Figure 6 It is a three - dimensional structure diagram of the polycrystalline diamond compact;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic structure diagram of the drill bit of the present invention.

[0024] In the figure, 11. Drill teeth, 111. Drill tooth matrix, 112. Matrix thin sheet, 113. Welding seat, 12. Polycrystalline diamond compact, 121. Cemented carbide seat, 122. Polycrystalline diamond layer, 13. Drill bit body. Specific embodiments

[0025] Example 1, refer to the attached drawings of the specification Figure 1-4 , 6 - 7, A long - life drill bit with oriented compacts, including drill teeth welded on the drill bit body. The drill teeth include a drill tooth matrix with a certain arc, polycrystalline diamond compacts, and a welding seat; the drill tooth matrix includes 1 - 5 layers of matrix thin sheets, and a number of polycrystalline diamond compacts are evenly inlaid on the outer side surface of the matrix thin sheets. The several layers of matrix thin sheets are stacked layer by layer from large to small in diameter size and synthesized into one body under high temperature and high pressure. Therefore, multiple layers of polycrystalline diamond compacts are formed inside the drill tooth matrix. When the outer - layer polycrystalline diamond compacts are worn, the inner - layer polycrystalline diamond compacts are exposed from the drill tooth matrix to replace the outer - layer polycrystalline diamond compacts to work; the polycrystalline diamond compacts protrude outwards from the outer side surface of the matrix thin sheets, so that the polycrystalline diamond compacts are inlaid and fixed between the joint surfaces of adjacent matrix thin sheets.

[0026] The polycrystalline diamond compact includes a cemented carbide seat and a polycrystalline diamond layer that are compounded into one body, and the drill tooth matrix is made of metal powder. The component weight percentage of the metal powder is: FeNiCo accounts for 12% - 28%, CuSn accounts for 15% - 35%, and the rest is tungsten carbide. Therefore, after high - temperature synthesis, the cemented carbide seat of the polycrystalline diamond compact can be fused with the drill tooth matrix into one body, and then the polycrystalline diamond layer is firmly inlaid into the drill tooth matrix, greatly improving the holding force of the polycrystalline diamond layer in the drill tooth matrix.

[0027] And single crystal diamond is incorporated into the metal powder. The single crystal diamond can improve the wear resistance of the drill tooth matrix, enabling the drill tooth matrix and the polycrystalline diamond compact to wear synchronously, preventing the polycrystalline diamond compact from protruding due to severe wear of the drill tooth matrix, and thus preventing the polycrystalline diamond compact from loosening and falling off, and increasing the drill bit life.

[0028] The polycrystalline diamond compact inclines downward, forming a certain angle between its axis and the end face of the drill tooth matrix. This angle is set as n, where 5° ≤ n ≤ 20°. This angle setting makes the edges of the polycrystalline diamond layer protrude towards the rotary excavation direction of the drill bit, which can improve the cutting effect of the polycrystalline diamond compact on the rock and enhance the rock penetration ability of the drill bit.

[0029] The lower end of the welding seat is matingly connected to the upper surface of the drill tooth matrix, and the upper end is welded to the drill bit body. The material of the welding seat is set as steel. The welding seat does not undertake the cutting task and only needs to ensure the connection strength.

[0030] The diameter of the polycrystalline diamond compact is set as 1 - 2.5 mm, the height is set as 2 - 8 mm, the thickness of the polycrystalline diamond layer is set as 1 - 7 mm, and the thickness of the welding seat is set as 2 - 15 mm. Appropriate dimensions can be selected according to the actual situation.

[0031] The usage process and principle of the long-life drill bit of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] First step, when driving piles and drilling holes, the drill bit rotates synchronously with the lower drill teeth, and the drill teeth contact the rock for cutting and drilling.

[0033] Second step, when the polycrystalline diamond compacts on the outer layer of the drill teeth are worn by the rock, the polycrystalline diamond compacts on the inner layer can expose the drill tooth matrix to take over the worn polycrystalline diamond compacts on the outer layer for cutting operations. The multiple layers of polycrystalline diamond compacts can ensure the cutting ability of the drill teeth for a long time and improve the drilling efficiency.

[0034] Third step, there is a certain angle between the axis of the polycrystalline diamond compact and the end face of the drill tooth matrix. Therefore, during the drilling process, the edges of the polycrystalline diamond layer can protrude towards the rotary excavation direction of the drill bit, improving the cutting effect of the polycrystalline diamond compact on the rock and enhancing the rock penetration ability of the drill tooth. The drilling effect is good and the efficiency is high. This drill bit can not only be made into small-sized drill bits for rock drilling or rock core sampling, but also the size of the drill bit can be enlarged and installed on the drill barrel of a rotary drilling rig, with wide applications.

[0035] Example two, see the attached instructions Figure 5, this embodiment is basically the same as the first embodiment, except that the lower end of the polycrystalline diamond compact is inclined outward, forming a certain angle between its axis and the tangent at the intersection of the outer side surface of the matrix thin sheet. This angle is set as m, where 5° ≤ m ≤ 45°. This angle setting can increase the outward protruding area of the polycrystalline diamond layer, thereby increasing the contact area between the polycrystalline diamond layer and the rock to be cut, making it sharp, and can play a role in protecting the cemented carbide seat and the drill tooth matrix, reducing the wear rate of the cemented carbide seat and the drill tooth matrix, and improving the service life of the drill bit.

Claims

1. A long-life drill bit with oriented composite inserts, comprising cutting teeth welded to the drill bit body, characterized in that: The drill tooth includes a drill tooth matrix with a certain curvature, a polycrystalline diamond compact, and a welding seat; The drill tooth matrix includes several layers of matrix thin sheets. A number of polycrystalline diamond compacts are evenly embedded on the outer side surfaces of the matrix thin sheets. The several layers of matrix thin sheets are stacked and combined into one body layer by layer from the largest to the smallest in diameter dimension. The polycrystalline diamond compacts protrude outwards from the outer side surfaces of the matrix thin sheets, so that the polycrystalline diamond compacts are embedded and fixed between the joint surfaces of adjacent matrix thin sheets; The polycrystalline diamond compact includes a cemented carbide seat and a polycrystalline diamond layer combined into one body. The polycrystalline diamond compact inclines downwards, so that an angle n is formed between its axis and the end face of the drill tooth matrix, and 5° ≤ n ≤ 20°. The lower end of the welding seat is connected to the upper surface of the drill tooth matrix in a matching manner, and the upper end is welded to the drill bit body; The said drill tooth matrix is made of metal powder. The component weight percentages of the metal powder are: FeNiCo accounts for 12% - 28%, CuSn accounts for 15% - 35%, and the balance is tungsten carbide.

2. The long-life drill bit with oriented composite inserts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower end of the said polycrystalline diamond compact inclines outwards, so that an angle m is formed between its axis and the tangent line at the intersection of the outer side surface of the matrix thin sheet, and 5° ≤ m ≤ 45°.

3. The long-life drill bit with oriented composite inserts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the said polycrystalline diamond compact is set to 1 - 2.5 mm, and the height is set to 2 - 8 mm.

4. The long-life drill bit with oriented composite inserts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The thickness of the said polycrystalline diamond layer is set to 1 - 7 mm.

5. The long-life drill bit with oriented composite inserts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The said metal powder also incorporates single crystal diamond.

6. The long-life drill bit with oriented composite inserts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the said welding seat is set to 2 - 15 mm.

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