An energy management method for a ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system

Abstract

The present invention discloses an autonomous power generation system applicable to a ramjet turbine and an energy management method thereof, wherein the energy management unit is mainly used to realize the stable operation of the entire turbine power generation system. The ramjet turbine power generation system is divided into five working modes: power-on process, generator bearing load power, generator bearing part of the load power, loading process and unloading process. These five modes basically cover all the working conditions of the ramjet turbine power generation system. Through the coordinated operation of the various parts of the power generation system by the main controller, the energy flow of these five modes is managed respectively, which ensures the high efficiency of the power generation system while also improving the stability and reliability of the system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of power electronics and electrical engineering, and mainly to an energy management method for a ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system. Background Art

[0002] The ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system can be used as an independent power source for aircraft and can also be used for outdoor wind power generation. Its basic principle is to allow the flowing air to drive the turbine generator through the damper to generate electricity. However, in actual work, the working conditions of the generator are relatively complex, especially when there is a pulse load, the stable output of the system is crucial. In order to stabilize the output power of the power generation system, an energy management method is needed to cope with various possible working conditions, to ensure that the autonomous power generation system can adapt to complex working conditions while improving system efficiency.

[0003] In order to cope with changing working conditions and ensure stable output power even when the input voltage or load changes, traditional solutions use complex control systems, which have problems such as complex control methods, large control errors, and slow response speeds. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems existing in the above background technology, the present invention discloses a ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system and its energy management method, and designs an energy management unit, including a compensation load, a bidirectional converter, a battery supercapacitor and a main controller. The controller simultaneously controls and manages the size of the air outlet, the compensation load, and the battery supercapacitor to ensure that the power generation system can output electrical energy that meets the requirements in various working modes.

[0005] Technical solution: To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system comprises a damper, a generator, a generator controller, an energy management unit and a main controller connected in sequence, wherein the generator controller and the energy management unit are both connected to a load; the generator controller comprises a rectifier bridge and a DC converter for maintaining an output voltage; the energy management unit comprises a compensation load, a bidirectional converter and a battery connected in sequence; the main controller comprises an A / D sampling module, an ePWM module, an SPI module and an I 2 C module; the A / D module is used to collect generator speed, damper position, load voltage and current information; the ePWM module is used to generate PWM signals to drive the bidirectional converter,

[0007] An energy management method suitable for a ram air turbine power generation system is adopted, and the power generation system is divided into five working modes: a power-on process (mode 1), a generator bearing load power (mode 2), a generator bearing part of the load power (mode 3), a loading process (mode 4) and an unloading process (mode 5).

[0008] Turn on the power switch of the controller to supply power to the main controller through the battery; the controller obtains the generator speed, battery capacity SOC, and load current information through communication with the AD sampling module. The autonomous power generation system works in the corresponding mode according to the demand, determines the relationship between the generator speed and the rated speed N, and implements corresponding control; the corresponding control includes controlling the air outlet size of the damper, controlling the switching of load power supply and battery discharge, controlling battery charging / discharging, and access to compensation loads.

[0009] Furthermore, when the power generation system is working in the power-on process, the power switch of the controller is turned on, and the battery supplies power to the main controller. The main controller obtains information such as the generator speed, battery capacity SOC, and load current through communication. When the speed is lower than the rated speed N, the damper is opened, and at the same time, it is determined whether the battery SOC is greater than A%. If the remaining capacity is greater than A%, and a power generation instruction is received, a power generation command is sent to the energy management unit controller, and the battery supplies power to the load through a bidirectional converter. As the damper opening increases, the incoming flow speed increases, and the generator speed rises. When the generator output rectifier voltage is greater than the threshold voltage V, the rectifier converter starts to work and maintains the output voltage V OUT At this time, the current output by the bidirectional converter gradually decreases until it drops to 0.

[0010] Furthermore, when the generator speed is at the rated speed N±ΔN1, the generator bears the load power, and the main controller will keep the damper unchanged. The generator rectifier converter outputs a voltage V under the regulation of the generator rectifier controller. OUT When the SOC of the battery is less than B%, the main controller sends a command to the energy management unit controller to charge the battery. If the SOC is greater than C%, the main controller sends a command to the energy management unit controller to stop charging.

[0011] Furthermore, when the generator speed is lower than the speed N(1-ΔN1), where N is the set rated speed and ΔN1 is the set speed adjustment amount, the generator and the battery jointly bear the load power, and at this time the generator output power is smaller than the load power. The main controller will increase the damper to increase the turbine power. At the same time, the main controller sends a command to the energy management unit controller to control the bidirectional converter so that the battery provides power to the load.

[0012] Furthermore, when the power generation system is operating in the loading process, the generator speed decreases. When the generator speed is lower than the speed N (1-ΔN1), where N is the set rated speed and ΔN1 is the set speed adjustment amount, the main controller will increase the damper. The main controller detects the changes in the load current and the generator speed and increases the turbine power. At the same time, the main controller sends a command to the energy management unit controller to control the bidirectional converter so that the battery provides electrical energy to the load. The generator speed will gradually increase. When the generator speed is greater than the speed N (1-ΔN1), where N is the set rated speed and ΔN1 is the set speed adjustment amount, the main controller will decrease the damper, and the output current of the bidirectional converter will be less than I min When the main controller sends a command to the energy management unit controller, the battery stops supplying power.

[0013] Furthermore, when the power generation system is working in the unloading process, the generator speed increases, and when the generator speed is higher than the speed N(1+ΔN1), where N is the set rated speed and ΔN1 is the set speed adjustment amount, the main controller will adjust the damper, and the main controller detects the change of the load current and the generator speed to reduce the turbine power. If the generator speed is higher than the speed N(1+ΔN2), where N is the set rated speed and ΔN2 is the set speed adjustment amount, the main controller will adjust the damper, and the main controller will also command the energy management unit controller to connect the compensation load, so that the generator load torque increases, and the generator speed will gradually decrease until the system reaches stability.

[0014] Furthermore, the energy management method applicable to the ram air turbine self-generating system needs to pre-set the battery low capacity value A%, the battery high capacity value B%, the battery charging judgment capacity C%, the rated speed N, the speed adjustment amount ΔN1, ΔN2 and the output minimum current I by programming the main controller. min All five working modes can ensure that the output power and output voltage remain unchanged.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects:

[0016] (1) By compensating for the excess output power consumed by the load, the output power can be quickly restored to the design index, thereby improving the system regulation speed and stability.

[0017] (2) The DSP chip is used as the main controller and as the coordination hub of the power generation system and energy management. It can respond to all possible working conditions in a timely manner and synchronously control all related equipment.

[0018] (3) All working conditions of the power generation system are divided into five specific working modes, which simplifies the complexity of the control system and reduces the difficulty of software implementation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system provided by the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a flow chart of the energy management method of the ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system provided by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is an electric energy flow diagram of a ram air turbine power generation system in mode 1 in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 is an electric energy flow diagram of a ram air turbine power generation system in mode 2 in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 is an electric energy flow diagram of a ram air turbine power generation system in mode 3 in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 is an electric energy flow diagram of a ram air turbine power generation system in mode 4 in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 It is the electric energy flow diagram of the ram air turbine power generation system in mode 5 in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system provided by the present invention is as follows Figure 1 As shown, it includes a damper, a generator, a generator controller, an energy management unit and a main controller connected in sequence, and the generator controller and the energy management unit are both connected to the load. The generator is a permanent magnet generator; the generator controller includes a rectifier bridge and a DC converter for maintaining the output voltage; the energy management unit includes a compensation load, a bidirectional converter and a battery supercapacitor connected in sequence, wherein the bidirectional converter is a bidirectional DCDC converter based on Buck-boost, which is used to realize the switching of load power supply and battery discharge; the main controller includes an A / D sampling module, an ePWM module, an SPI module, an I 2C module and GPIO module, among which the A / D module is used to collect generator speed, damper position, voltage and current information of load; the ePWM module is used to generate PWM signal to drive the bidirectional converter and control the working mode of Buck circuit; the SPI module is used to communicate with the battery chip of the battery; the GPIO module is used to compensate the load; I 2 Module C is used to store operation fault information.

[0028] Based on the energy management method of the ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system, the specific principles are as follows: Figure 2 As shown in the figure, there are five working modes: power-on process, generator bearing load power, generator bearing part of load power, loading process and unloading process. These five modes basically cover all working conditions of the ramjet turbine power generation system. Through the coordinated operation of various parts of the power generation system by the main controller, the energy flow of these five modes is managed respectively, which ensures the high efficiency of the power generation system while also improving the stability and reliability of the system.

[0029] When the power generation system is working in the power-on process (mode 1), the power switch of the controller is turned on, and the battery supplies power to the main controller. The main controller obtains information such as the generator speed, battery capacity SOC, and load current through communication. When the speed is lower than the rated speed N, the damper is opened, and at the same time, based on the SPI module, it is determined whether the battery SOC is greater than A%. In this embodiment, A% = 20% is selected. If the remaining capacity is greater than 20%, it is determined whether a power generation instruction is received. If it is determined that a power generation instruction is received, a power generation command is sent to the energy management unit controller, and the battery supplies power to the load through a bidirectional converter. As the damper opening increases, the incoming flow speed increases, and the generator speed rises. When the generator output rectifier voltage is greater than the threshold voltage V, the rectifier converter starts to work and maintains the output voltage V OUT At this time, the current output by the bidirectional converter gradually decreases until it drops to 0. Figure 3 shown.

[0030] When the generator bears the load power (mode 2), the generator speed is in the speed N (1 ± ΔN1), where N is the set rated speed, ΔN1 is the set speed adjustment amount, and this embodiment selects ΔN1 = 5%. When the generator speed is within this range, the main controller keeps the damper unchanged. The generator outputs a voltage V under the regulation of the generator controller. OUT When the SOC of the battery is less than B%, this embodiment selects B% = 75%, and the main controller controls the bidirectional converter to charge the battery. At this time, it is further determined whether the SOC is greater than C%, and this embodiment selects C% = 95%. If the SOC is greater than 95%, the main controller sends a command to the energy management unit controller to stop charging. Figure 4 shown.

[0031] When the generator bears part of the load power (mode 3), the generator output power is less than the load power, and the generator and the battery bear the load power together. If the generator speed is lower than the rated speed NN×5%, it is judged that the damper is too small, and the main controller will increase the damper to increase the turbine power. At the same time, the main controller sends a command to the energy management unit controller to control the bidirectional converter so that the battery can provide power to the load. Figure 5 shown.

[0032] When the power generation system is working in the loading process (mode 4), the generator speed decreases. When the generator speed is lower than the speed NN×5%, the main controller detects the change of load current and generator speed, and opens the damper to increase the turbine power. At the same time, the main controller sends a command to the energy management unit controller to control the bidirectional converter so that the battery provides power to the load. The generator speed will gradually increase. When the generator speed is greater than the speed NN×5%, the output current of the bidirectional converter is less than the output minimum current I min When, this embodiment takes I min =1A, it is judged as a heavy load working state, and the main controller sends a command to the energy management unit controller, and the battery stops supplying power. Figure 6 shown.

[0033] When the power generation system is working in the unloading process (mode 5), the generator speed increases. When the generator speed is higher than the rated speed N+N×5%, N is the set rated speed, and 5% is the set speed adjustment amount, the main controller detects the changes in the load current and the generator speed, and will close the damper to reduce the turbine power. If the generator speed is higher than the rated speed N+N×ΔN2, ΔN2 is the set speed adjustment amount, and this embodiment selects ΔN2=10%, the main controller controls the energy management unit controller based on the GPIO module, connects the compensating load, so that the generator load torque increases, and the generator speed will gradually decrease until the system reaches stability. Figure 7 shown.

[0034] The ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system and energy management method proposed in the present invention rely on the coordinated operation of the energy management unit and other devices by the main controller, so that the power generation system can still maintain stable output power when facing different working conditions.

[0035] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An energy management method for a ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system, It is characterized in that Based on the ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system, the system includes a damper, a generator, a generator controller, an energy management unit and a main controller connected in sequence, and the generator controller and the energy management unit are both connected to the load; The generator controller includes a rectifier bridge and a DC converter for maintaining the output voltage; The energy management unit includes a compensation load, a bidirectional converter and a battery connected in sequence; The main controller includes an A / D sampling module, an ePWM module, an SPI module and an I 2 C module; the A / D module is used to collect information about the generator speed, damper position, and voltage and current of the load; the ePWM module is used to generate a PWM signal to drive a bidirectional converter; the SPI module is used to communicate with the battery chip of the battery; the GPIO module is used to compensate for the load; I 2 Module C is used to store operation fault information; Turn on the power switch of the controller and supply power to the main controller through the battery; the controller obtains the generator speed, battery capacity SOC, and load current information through communication with the AD sampling module, and the autonomous power generation system works in the corresponding mode according to the demand, determines the relationship between the generator speed and the rated speed N, and implements corresponding control; the modes include the first to fifth modes, which are the first mode power-on process, the second mode generator bears the load power, the third mode generator bears part of the load power, the fourth mode loading process and the fifth mode unloading process; the corresponding control includes controlling the air outlet size of the damper, controlling the switching of the load power supply and the battery discharge, controlling the battery charging / discharging and the access of the compensation load.

2. The energy management method of the ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system according to claim 1, It is characterized in that When the power generation system works in the first mode power-on process, the speed is the rated speed N, and the battery supplies power to the system; when the speed is lower than the rated speed N, the damper is opened, and at the same time, it is determined whether the battery SOC is greater than A%. If the remaining capacity is greater than A%, it is determined whether a power generation instruction is received. If it is determined to be yes, a power generation command is sent to the energy management unit, and the battery supplies power to the load through a bidirectional converter. Otherwise, the first mode power-on process ends; as the damper opening increases, the incoming flow speed increases, and the generator speed increases. When the generator output rectifier voltage is greater than the threshold voltage V, the rectifier converter starts to work and maintains the output voltage V OUT ; At this time, the current output by the bidirectional converter gradually decreases until it drops to 0.

3. The energy management method of the ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system according to claim 2, It is characterized in that When the generator system works in the second mode and bears the load power, the generator speed is N(1±ΔN 1 ), where N is the set rated speed, ΔN 1 is the set speed adjustment amount. At this time, the main controller keeps the damper unchanged. The generator outputs a voltage V under the regulation of the generator controller. OUT ; When the SOC of the battery is less than B%, the main controller controls the bidirectional converter to charge the battery; further determine whether the SOC is greater than C%, where C>B. If it is determined to be yes, the main controller controls the energy management unit to stop charging.

4. The energy management method of the ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system according to claim 3, It is characterized in that When the power generation system works in the third mode and the generator bears part of the load power, the generator speed is lower than the speed N (1-ΔN 1 ), at this time, the generator and the battery share the load power; the generator output power is less than the load power, the main controller controls the damper to increase the turbine power; at the same time, the main controller controls the bidirectional converter of the energy management unit to work, so that the battery provides electrical energy to the load.

5. The energy management method of the ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system according to claim 4, It is characterized in that When the power generation system works in the fourth mode loading process, the generator speed decreases and the generator speed is lower than the speed N(1-ΔN 1 ), the main controller increases the air door to increase the turbine power; at the same time, the main controller controls the bidirectional converter of the energy management unit to work, so that the battery provides power to the load; the generator speed gradually increases, and when the generator speed is higher than the speed N(1-ΔN 1 ), the main controller adjusts the damper to a smaller value. When the output current of the bidirectional converter is less than the minimum output current I min When the main controller controls the energy management unit, the battery stops supplying power to the load.

6. The energy management method of the ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system according to claim 5, It is characterized in that When the power generation system works in the fifth mode unloading process, the generator speed increases. When the generator speed is higher than the speed N(1+ΔN 1 ), the main controller adjusts the damper to reduce the turbine power; if the generator speed is higher than the speed N(1+ΔN 2 ), where ΔN 2 To set the second speed adjustment amount, the main controller will reduce the air door. The main controller will also instruct the energy management unit controller to connect the compensation load to increase the generator load torque. The generator speed will gradually decrease until the system reaches stability.

7. The energy management method of the ramjet turbine autonomous power generation system according to claim 6, It is characterized in that By programming the main controller, the battery low capacity value A%, battery high capacity value B%, battery charging judgment capacity C%, rated speed N, speed adjustment value ΔN are pre-set 1 , ΔN 2 And the minimum output current I min , the five working modes can ensure that the output power and output voltage remain unchanged.

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