Solid waste incinerator heat recovery device

Abstract

The application relates to a device for economically and efficiently recovering heat dissipated by a solid waste incinerator, which is composed of heating pipes, a partition, a heating pipe row support ring, a water inlet mother pipe and a water outlet mother pipe, a plurality of closely arranged heating pipes are fixed on the inner wall of the heating pipe row support ring, and a circular heating pipe row is formed; the heating pipe row is concentric with the incinerator shell; each heating pipe is axially parallel to the incinerator shell; an outer cover and a heat preservation layer are arranged outside the heating pipe row; the heating pipe row and the heating pipe row support ring are fixed on heating pipe support feet; the whole system has high heat recovery and high grade, and the safety of the incinerator equipment is ensured; the water inlet mother pipe and the water return mother pipe are adopted; when the heating pipes are welded, the mother pipe is first cut open; a group of closely arranged heating pipes can be conveniently welded on the side of the mother pipe, the gap between the heating pipes is greatly reduced, and compared with the existing heating pipe arrangement, more than one time of heating surface can be arranged under the condition of the same kiln surface area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of energy conservation in solid waste incinerators, and more particularly to a heat dissipation recovery device for solid waste incinerators. Background Technology

[0002] Existing solid waste incineration kilns have high outer shell temperatures, resulting in wasted heat energy. In order to save energy and reduce emissions, heat recovery technology for solid waste incinerators can be used to recover heat to heat the water supply of the waste heat boiler of the incinerator, increase steam production capacity, or be used for hot water supply and heating, saving a lot of conventional heating energy. This not only recovers heat energy and reduces heat radiation around the kiln, improving the working environment for workers, but also meets the requirements for carbon reduction.

[0003] The main characteristics of current heat dissipation recovery and utilization devices for the surface of kiln cylinders in my country are:

[0004] 1. The efficiency of heat recovery and utilization on the surface of the kiln cylinder is not high; as can be seen from the patent application CN201721501789.4 entitled "A Waste Incinerator with Recoverable Heat", in order to enhance the heat transfer coefficient of water in the pipe, the flow rate of water in the pipe is usually increased and several heating pipes are connected in series. Since the series connection requires welding elbows, a certain gap must be left between the pipes. The curved design increases the floor space and affects the arrangement of the heating surface.

[0005] 2. The heat generated by the device is of low quality; in the heat dissipation recovery pipe, the heat transfer between water and the pipe wall is that the pipe wall heats the water, and the heat transfer resistance between water and the pipe wall is relatively large, which increases the heat transfer temperature difference between water and the pipe wall and affects the rise in water temperature, resulting in the low heat quality of the hot water generated by the existing device.

[0006] 3. The installation of a heat dissipation recovery device on the surface of the kiln cylinder increases the surface temperature of the kiln and reduces the strength of the kiln cylinder. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to address existing problems and provide a heat dissipation and recovery device for solid waste incinerators with good heat recovery effect, high heat transfer coefficient between water inside the pipe and the pipe wall, and large heat recovery area.

[0008] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a heat dissipation and recovery device for a solid waste incinerator, comprising a heating tube disposed outside the outer shell of the incinerator; the heating tube is divided into an outer heating tube and an inner heating tube by a partition plate;

[0009] The partition plate is provided with through holes;

[0010] One end of the external heating pipe is connected to the water inlet header, and the other end is closed.

[0011] One end of the internal heating pipe is connected to the return water main pipe, and the other end is closed;

[0012] After the fluid in the inlet header flows into the outer heating pipe, it enters the inner heating pipe through the through hole and then flows back to the return header.

[0013] Furthermore, the heating tubes are arranged along the length of the incinerator shell, and several groups of heating tubes are evenly arranged along the circumference of the incinerator shell to form a heating tube array disposed on the outside of the incinerator shell.

[0014] Furthermore, the inlet water header and the return water header are respectively located on both sides of the incinerator shell.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer end face of the incinerator shell is provided with a shell fin ring; the shell fin ring includes a plurality of uniformly arranged fins.

[0016] Furthermore, the end of the external heating pipe away from the outer shell of the incinerator is provided with an insulation layer.

[0017] Furthermore, the heating tube coil is fixed to the heating tube support foot by the heating tube row support ring.

[0018] Furthermore, the closed end of the external heating pipe is close to the return water header; the closed end of the internal heating pipe is close to the inlet water header.

[0019] Furthermore, both the inlet and outlet water headers are annular and concentric with the outer shell of the incinerator.

[0020] Furthermore, a water storage tank is provided at the outlet end of the return water header; the water storage tank is located above the highest point of the heating pipe bank.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention compared to the prior art are as follows:

[0022] 1. The present invention uses an inlet water header and an outlet water header. When welding heating pipes, the header is first cut open, and a group of heating pipes that are close together can be easily welded on the side of the header, which greatly reduces the gap between heating pipes. Compared with the existing heating pipe arrangement, the heating surface can be increased by more than double under the same kiln surface area.

[0023] 2. The heating tubes are arranged close to the incinerator shell to increase the heat dissipation and recovery area on the surface of the incinerator shell. To increase the heating tube area, the heating tubes in this invention are arranged in parallel. The flow velocity inside the heating tubes is low, resulting in a small heat transfer coefficient. To overcome this disadvantage, a special water flow device is invented. The water flows from the inlet header into the outer heating chamber of the heating tube, through small holes to the inner heating chamber, and then to the return header. On the one hand, the setting of small holes reduces the inlet cross-sectional area, which can increase the flow velocity of the fluid from the outer heating chamber to the inner heating chamber. At the same time, since the water flow in the tube is laminar, the heat transfer coefficient between the water and the tube wall is directly proportional to the flow velocity. Therefore, increasing the flow velocity can increase the heat transfer coefficient by about 40%, and for the same amount of heat transfer, about 40% of the heat transfer pipe is saved.

[0024] 3. To reduce natural or radiative heat transfer from the incinerator to the external environment, all heat dissipation from the incinerator is used to heat hot water. An insulation layer is installed on the outer side of the external heating pipe facing away from the incinerator shell to further reduce heat loss. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA in the middle;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of the heating tube in this invention;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 1 CC section view;

[0029] Figure 5 for Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of DD in the middle;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the inlet header and return header in this invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fluid flow between the inlet header and the return header in this invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the overall flow direction of fluid entering and exiting the inlet and outlet manifolds in this invention.

[0033] The arrows in the diagram indicate the direction of fluid flow. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be described more clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this invention.

[0035] like Figure 1 Figure 3The following is a specific embodiment of the present invention: It includes a heating tube 61 disposed outside the incinerator shell 3; a shell fin ring 4 is provided on the outer end face of the incinerator shell 3; the shell fin ring 4 includes a plurality of uniformly arranged fins. The heating tube 61 is divided into an outer heating tube 62 and an inner heating tube 63 by a partition 5; the outer heating tube 62 has an insulation layer 8 at the end away from the incinerator shell 3. A water inlet header 2 and a water return header 10 are respectively disposed on both sides of the incinerator shell 3. The partition 5 has a through hole 51; one end of the outer heating tube 62 is connected to the water inlet header 2, and the other end is closed; one end of the inner heating tube 63 is connected to the water return header 10, and the other end is closed; fluid in the water inlet header 2 flows into the outer heating tube 62, enters the inner heating tube 63 through the through hole 51, and then flows back to the water return header 10. The closed end of the outer heating tube 62 is close to the water return header 10; the closed end of the inner heating tube 63 is close to the water inlet header 2. Both the inlet header 2 and the return header 10 are annular and concentric with the incinerator shell 3. A water storage tank 12 is located at the outlet of the return header 10; the water storage tank 12 is positioned higher than the highest point of the heating tube array 6. Heating tubes 61 are arranged along the length of the incinerator shell 3, and several groups of heating tubes 61 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the incinerator shell 3, forming the heating tube array 6 located on the outside of the incinerator shell 3. The heating tube coil 6 is fixed to the heating tube support foot 13 by the heating tube array support ring 7.

[0036] The heating tube array 6 is spaced 50mm to 200mm from the outer shell of the incinerator 3.

[0037] Because the outer shell of the intermediate incinerator has a high temperature, heat is transferred to the water pipe wall through radiation, and then to the water through the pipe wall. Therefore, this radiated heat transfer surface is called the radiant heating surface. The radiant heating tube facing the incinerator shell is called the radiant heating surface. To reduce the natural or radiant heat transfer of the radiant heating tube to the external environment and to use as much of it as possible for heating hot water, the radiant heating tube facing away from the incinerator shell is insulated.

[0038] Fluid enters from inlet header 1 into inlet header 2. Inlet header 2 has a ring structure and is concentric with the incinerator shell 3. The fluid flows through inlet header 2 into the outer heating tube 62 of each heating tube 61 in the heating tube row 6. The fluid in the outer heating tube 62 flows rapidly into the inner heating tube 63 through the through hole 51 of the partition 5 inside the heating tube 61, and impacts the radiant heating surface of the heating tube 61 for heat transfer. After heat exchange in the inner heating tube 63, it flows into the return header 10 and enters the water storage tank 12 through the outlet. The bottom of the water storage tank 12 can be connected to the inlet header 1 to circulate and heat the water in the water storage tank 12. After reaching a certain temperature, it can be used.

[0039] The water storage tank 12 is positioned higher than the highest point of the heating tube array 6. The water level in the water storage tank 12 is controlled to ensure that each heating tube 61 is filled with water, thereby protecting the safe and stable operation of the heating tube array 6.

[0040] like Figure 6 As shown, the present invention uses inlet and outlet water main pipes. When welding heating pipes, the main pipe is first cut open, and a group of heating pipes that are close together can be easily welded on the side of the main pipe, which greatly reduces the gap between heating pipes. Compared with the existing heating pipe arrangement, the heating surface can be increased by more than double under the same kiln surface area.

[0041] Secondly, the present invention employs a special water flow design to improve the heat transfer coefficient between the fluid inside the pipe and the pipe wall.

[0042] To increase the heating tube area, the heating tubes of this invention are arranged in parallel. This results in a low flow velocity and a small heat transfer coefficient within the heating tubes. To overcome this drawback, a special water flow device has been invented, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the water flows from the inlet header into the outer heating pipe 62, through a small hole to the inner heating pipe 63, and then to the return header. On the one hand, by setting an intermediate partition, the cross-sectional area is reduced by half, and the flow velocity is doubled. The water flow in the pipe is laminar, and the heat transfer coefficient between the water and the pipe wall is directly proportional to the flow velocity. Therefore, increasing the flow velocity can increase the heat transfer coefficient by about 40%, and for the same amount of heat transfer, about 40% of the heat transfer pipe is saved.

[0043] On the other hand, the through hole 51 is provided so that the water flowing into the inner heating pipe 63 directly impacts the radiant heating surface, while disturbing the water flow state of the inner heating pipe 63.

[0044] This design significantly improves the heat transfer coefficient between the water inside the pipe and the radiant heating surface.

[0045] Finally, a set of short and sparse shell fin rings 4 are added to the outer shell 3 of the incinerator, which reduces the surface temperature of the kiln and greatly increases the strength of the kiln cylinder.

[0046] like Figure 8 As shown, the outer shell fin ring 4 is installed on the outer shell 3 of the incinerator by means of bolt connection, which greatly increases the heating surface of the outer shell of the incinerator, which can reduce the temperature of the outer shell of the incinerator and compensate for the decrease in furnace body strength caused by the surface temperature rise due to the installation of heat dissipation recovery device.

[0047] Since the heat is transferred from the incinerator shell, without the shell fin ring 4, the heat transfer area is the same as the area of ​​the incinerator shell 3. Adding the shell fin ring 4 allows heat to radiate from the fin ring 4 to the heated surface, obviously increasing the heat transfer area. Using the heat transfer area here is preferable; generally, heat dissipation represents wasted heat.

[0048] Under the same heat transfer conditions, with the same heat transfer coefficient, an increase in heat transfer area reduces the heat transfer temperature difference. In other words, the temperature difference between the incinerator shell and the radiant heating surface decreases. The temperature of the radiant heating surface is controlled by the water temperature and is usually kept at a certain temperature. Therefore, the decrease in the temperature difference between the incinerator shell 3 and the radiant heating surface means a decrease in the temperature of the incinerator shell.

[0049] The above specific embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and structural features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to implement them. However, the above content does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation and recovery device for a solid waste incinerator, characterized in that: It includes a heating tube (61) installed outside the outer shell (3) of the incinerator; the heating tube (61) is divided into an outer heating tube (62) and an inner heating tube (63) by a partition (5). The partition (5) is provided with a through hole (51); One end of the external heating pipe (62) is connected to the water inlet pipe (2), and the other end is closed; One end of the internal heating pipe (63) is connected to the return water header (10), and the other end is closed; After the fluid in the inlet header (2) flows into the outer heating pipe (62), it enters the inner heating pipe (63) through the through hole (51) and then flows back to the return header (10). The through hole (51) allows the water flowing into the inner heating pipe (63) to directly impact the radiant heating surface and disturb the water flow in the inner cavity, thereby improving the heat transfer coefficient between the water in the pipe and the radiant heating surface. The heating tubes (611) are arranged along the length of the incinerator shell (3), and several groups of heating tubes (61) are evenly arranged along the circumference of the incinerator shell (3) to form a heating tube row (6) set on the outside of the incinerator shell (3). Both the inlet header (2) and the return header (10) are annular and concentric with the outer shell (3) of the incinerator; The external heating pipe (62) is provided with a heat insulation layer (8) at the end away from the incinerator shell (3); The outer end face of the incinerator shell (3) is provided with a shell fin ring (4); the shell fin ring (4) includes a number of uniformly arranged fins; The outlet end of the return water header (10) is equipped with a water storage tank (12); the water storage tank (12) is located higher than the highest point of the heating pipe row (6); The heating tube array (6) is fixed to the heating tube support foot (13) by the heating tube array support ring (7), and the distance between the heating tube array (6) and the incinerator shell (3) is 50 mm to 200 mm.

2. The heat dissipation and recovery device for a solid waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inlet water header (2) and the return water header (10) are respectively located on both sides of the outer shell (3) of the incinerator.

3. The heat dissipation and recovery device for a solid waste incinerator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The closed end of the external heating pipe (62) is close to the return water header (10); the closed end of the internal heating pipe (63) is close to the inlet water header (2).

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