Eddy current brake electromagnet

Abstract

The present invention discloses an eddy current braking electromagnet, which is used to cooperate with an induction body to brake a train vehicle. The eddy current braking electromagnet includes: a yoke, which is installed on the train vehicle; at least two magnetic poles, which are arranged along the direction of movement relative to the induction body, and the polarities of two adjacent magnetic poles are set oppositely, and the magnetic poles include an iron core and a winding coil, and the winding coil is wound on the iron core, one end of the iron core is connected to the yoke, and the other end of the iron core is set close to the induction body. The iron core includes at least one first magnetic part, and the first magnetic part is made of iron-cobalt alloy material. The eddy current braking electromagnet of the present invention optimizes the structure of the iron core and the matching of the magnetic circuit materials, thereby ensuring its eddy current braking performance while achieving the effects of weight reduction and energy saving and consumption reduction, and also has good mechanical properties and impact toughness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of train vehicle braking, and in particular to an eddy current braking electromagnet. Background Art

[0002] As the speed of rail trains increases, the wheel-rail adhesion coefficient shows a downward trend. Therefore, adhesion braking is difficult to exert a large braking force in high-speed sections, and the braking distance needs to be extended, which restricts the operating speed and safety. In addition, the braking power and thermal load borne by the existing brake discs are approaching the limit, the friction pair wears more, and the operating economy deteriorates. Therefore, eddy current braking technology is one of the necessary braking technologies for high-speed train braking systems. It has the advantages of no contact, no wear, and no noise. It can be used for emergency braking and normal braking in conjunction with the disc brake device, effectively shortening the braking distance at high speed.

[0003] Electromagnet is the core technology of eddy current braking. It is the source of the electromagnetic field of eddy current braking and directly determines the size of eddy current braking force. Eddy current braking devices are generally installed under the vehicle body, where vibration and impact are relatively severe, and the electromagnet needs to withstand large abnormal loads and fatigue loads. The above-mentioned eddy current braking force, electromagnetic suction, and vibration impact loads all act directly on the iron core of the electromagnet, so the iron core should have sufficient structural strength. At the same time, in order to obtain sufficient braking force, the electromagnet needs to provide a strong magnetic field, and the iron core of the electromagnet needs to be made of soft magnetic materials with good magnetic conductivity. Such materials generally have a low carbon content or have corresponding magnetic alloy elements added, resulting in limited material strength or poor toughness, and cannot withstand eddy current braking load conditions with high requirements for strength and toughness.

[0004] In order to meet the complex load conditions of eddy current braking, the yokes and coil assembly cores of existing eddy current braking electromagnets are mostly made of low-carbon steel. Their magnetic properties are subject to certain limitations, the eddy current braking performance cannot be further effectively improved, and it is difficult to reduce their weight by optimizing their magnetic circuit structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an eddy current brake electromagnet to solve the technical problem that the existing eddy current brake electromagnet is made of low carbon steel to meet the complex load conditions of eddy current braking, resulting in its magnetic performance cannot be improved and it is difficult to reduce its weight by optimizing its magnetic circuit structure.

[0006] The above-mentioned purpose of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides an eddy current braking electromagnet, which is used to cooperate with an induction body to brake a train vehicle. The eddy current braking electromagnet comprises: a yoke, which is installed on the train vehicle; at least two magnetic poles, which are arranged along a movement direction relative to the induction body, and the polarities of two adjacent magnetic poles are arranged oppositely. The magnetic poles comprise an iron core and a winding coil, and the winding coil is wound on the iron core. One end of the iron core is connected to the yoke, and the other end of the iron core is arranged close to the induction body. The iron core comprises at least one first magnetic part, and the first magnetic part is made of an iron-cobalt alloy material.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, the cobalt content of the iron-cobalt alloy material is 2% to 35%.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, the iron core also includes at least one second magnetic component, the second magnetic component is connected to the first magnetic component, the magnetic induction intensity of the first magnetic component is greater than the magnetic induction intensity of the second magnetic component, and the structural strength of the second magnetic component is greater than the structural strength of the first magnetic component.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the total cross-sectional area of ​​at least one of the first magnetic parts in the direction of movement relative to the induction body to the total cross-sectional area of ​​at least one of the second magnetic parts in the direction of movement relative to the induction body is determined according to the braking force performance requirements of the eddy current braking electromagnet and the working load and vibration impact load that the iron core needs to withstand during braking.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second magnetic member extends in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the induction body and is connected to the magnetic yoke, and at least one first magnetic member is located around at least one second magnetic member.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, the iron core includes at least two of the second magnetic parts, and the second magnetic parts include a support column and a support seat, one end of the support column is connected to the support seat, and the other end of the support column passes through the first magnetic part and is connected to the yoke.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, the iron core includes at least two of the first magnetic parts, the second magnetic part includes a support plate, the support plate is clamped between at least two of the first magnetic parts, and at least two of the first magnetic parts and the support plate are connected by at least one connecting member.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic induction intensity of the first magnetic member in a magnetic field with a magnetic field intensity of 10000 A / m is not less than 2.0 T.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second magnetic member is made of ductile iron or structural steel.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present invention, the inductor includes a track, and the yoke is extended in a direction parallel to the track.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present invention, the inductor includes a brake disc, and the yoke is extended along the circumference of the brake disc.

[0018] The characteristics and advantages of the present invention are:

[0019] The eddy current braking electromagnet of the present invention, by arranging at least one first magnetic component made of an iron-cobalt alloy material on the iron core, makes the magnetic induction intensity of the iron core larger, improves the magnetic conductivity of the iron core, ensures that the eddy current braking electromagnet can generate a sufficiently large braking force, and the iron core as a whole can still withstand a large eddy current braking force, electromagnetic suction force and vibration impact load; it can be seen that the eddy current braking electromagnet of the present invention optimizes the structure of the iron core and the matching of the magnetic circuit materials, ensures its eddy current braking performance while achieving the effect of weight reduction and energy saving and consumption reduction, and also has good mechanical properties and impact toughness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the eddy current braking electromagnet used for linear eddy current braking of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the structure of the eddy current braking electromagnet used for rotating eddy current braking of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of the magnetic pole of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 An exploded view of a magnetic pole according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of a magnetic pole according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 The figure is a comparison chart of the eddy current braking performance between the eddy current braking electromagnet of the present invention and the existing eddy current braking electromagnet.

[0027] In the figure:

[0028] 1. yoke; 2. magnetic pole; 21. iron core; 211. first magnetic member; 212. second magnetic member; 2121. support plate; 2122. support column; 2123. support seat; 213. first connecting member; 22. winding coil; 23. terminal; 24. housing; 3. inductor; 31. rail; 32. brake disc; 4. axle; 5. second connecting member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides an eddy current braking electromagnet for cooperating with an inductor 3 to brake a train vehicle. The eddy current braking magnet comprises: a yoke 1 installed on the train vehicle; at least two magnetic poles 2 arranged along a moving direction relative to the inductor 3, and the polarities of two adjacent magnetic poles 2 are arranged oppositely, the magnetic pole 2 comprises an iron core 21 and a winding coil 22, the winding coil 22 is wound on the iron core 21, one end of the iron core 21 is connected to the yoke 1, and the other end of the iron core 21 is arranged close to the inductor 3, the iron core 21 comprises at least one first magnetic member 211, and the first magnetic member 211 is made of an iron-cobalt alloy material.

[0031] The eddy current braking electromagnet of the present invention, by arranging at least one first magnetic part 211 made of iron-cobalt alloy material on the iron core 21, makes the magnetic induction intensity of the iron core 21 larger, improves the magnetic conductivity of the iron core 21, ensures that the eddy current braking electromagnet can generate a sufficiently large braking force, and the iron core 21 as a whole can still withstand a large eddy current braking force, electromagnetic suction and vibration impact load; it can be seen that the eddy current braking electromagnet of the present invention optimizes the structure of the iron core 21 and the matching of the magnetic circuit materials, ensures its eddy current braking performance while achieving the effect of weight reduction and energy saving and consumption reduction, and also has good mechanical properties and impact toughness.

[0032] Specifically, the train vehicle in the present invention includes but is not limited to a rail train and a maglev train, and the yoke 1 is installed on the bogie of the rail train or on the body suspension frame of the maglev train. Figure 3As shown, the yoke 1 is connected to the magnetic pole 2 by a second connecting member 5, and the second connecting member 5 includes but is not limited to bolts and screws. Terminals 23 are provided at the inlet and outlet positions of the winding coil 22. The magnetic pole 2 is installed in a housing 24. The housing 24 uses engineering plastics or other lightweight, insulating and magnetically isolating materials as external protection for the magnetic pole 2, which has sufficient resistance to foreign body impact and is conducive to weight reduction and processing. There is a certain working gap between the magnetic pole 2 and the inductor 3. After the winding coil 22 is energized, the relative movement between the eddy current braking electromagnet and the inductor 3 is utilized to induce eddy currents in the inductor 3. The magnetic field generated by the eddy current interacts with the magnetic field generated by the eddy current braking electromagnet and distorts the magnetic field generated by the eddy current braking electromagnet, wherein the magnetic lines of force are deflected to generate braking force, thereby decelerating the train vehicle, and the braking energy is converted into eddy current loss of the inductor 3.

[0033] The cobalt content of the iron-cobalt alloy material is 2% to 35%. The magnetic induction intensity of the first magnetic member 211 in a magnetic field with a magnetic field intensity of 10000A / m is not less than 2.0 T. The tensile strength of the iron-cobalt alloy material should not be less than the tensile strength of low-carbon steel, but its impact toughness is not specifically limited.

[0034] In this embodiment, the iron core 21 also includes at least one second magnetic component 212, which is connected to the first magnetic component 211, and the magnetic induction intensity of the first magnetic component 211 is greater than the magnetic induction intensity of the second magnetic component 212, and the structural strength of the second magnetic component 212 is greater than the structural strength of the first magnetic component 211.

[0035] The eddy-current braking electromagnet of the present invention is connected by at least one first magnetic component 211 and at least one second magnetic component 212 to form an iron core 21, wherein the magnetic induction intensity of the first magnetic component 211 is relatively large, thereby improving the magnetic conductivity of the iron core 21 and ensuring that the eddy-current braking electromagnet can generate a sufficiently large braking force; the structural strength of the second magnetic component 212 is relatively large, thereby ensuring that the iron core 21 can withstand a large eddy-current braking force, electromagnetic suction force and vibration impact load.

[0036] In another embodiment, under the premise of ensuring that the iron core 21 can withstand greater eddy current braking force, electromagnetic attraction and vibration impact load during braking, the iron core may also adopt an integral structure, that is, only consisting of a first magnetic component.

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, the eddy current braking electromagnet of the present invention can be used for linear eddy current braking, the inductor 3 includes a track, and the yoke 1 is extended in a direction parallel to the track. In this embodiment, the track is a steel rail 31, and relative to the movement direction of the inductor 3, that is, the travel direction of the rail train, at least two magnetic poles 2 are arranged along the travel direction of the train vehicle. Optionally, the track is a guide rail, and relative to the movement direction of the inductor, that is, the travel direction of the maglev train, at least two magnetic poles are arranged along the travel direction of the maglev train. Specifically, the yoke 1 is generally a strip-shaped plate structure.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the eddy current brake electromagnet of the present invention can also be used for rotating eddy current brake, the induction body 3 includes a brake disc 32, the brake disc 32 is installed on the axle 4, the axle 4 drives the brake disc 32 to rotate synchronously, relative to the movement direction of the induction body 3, that is, the rotation direction of the brake disc 32, at least two magnetic poles 2 are arranged along the rotation direction of the brake disc 32. The yoke 1 is extended along the circumference of the brake disc 32. Specifically, the yoke 1 is generally a fan-shaped structure.

[0039] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the structural strength of the present invention refers to mechanical properties, including but not limited to tensile strength, yield strength and impact toughness. In this embodiment, the second magnetic member 212 is made of ductile iron or structural steel. The material of the second magnetic member 212 has certain plasticity and toughness, and its tensile strength and yield strength are not lower than the tensile strength and yield strength of low carbon steel.

[0040] like Figure 6 As shown, specifically, the eddy current braking performance of the eddy current brake electromagnet of the present invention and the carbon steel eddy current brake electromagnet in the prior art is compared under the following three conditions: First, when the outer dimensions, the coil ampere-turns of the winding coil 22 and the magnetomotive force are the same, the eddy current braking performance of the eddy current brake electromagnet of the present invention is at least 15% higher than that of the carbon steel eddy current brake electromagnet in the prior art; Second, after adjusting the cross-sectional area of ​​the iron core 21 in the present invention and reducing the excitation ampere-turns, while increasing the proportion of the cross-sectional area of ​​the iron core in the total cross-sectional area of ​​the magnetic pole, the eddy current braking performance of the eddy current brake electromagnet of the present invention is at least 30% higher than that of the carbon steel eddy current brake electromagnet in the prior art; Third, by reducing the number of coil turns of the winding coil 22 or reducing the excitation current to reduce the magnetomotive force of the present invention by 40%, the eddy current braking performance of the eddy current brake electromagnet of the present invention is still not lower than that of the carbon steel eddy current brake electromagnet in the prior art, and the corresponding excitation power consumption can be simultaneously reduced by about 40% or the weight can be reduced by about 25%;

[0041] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in the embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the total cross-sectional area of ​​at least one first magnetic member 211 in the direction of motion relative to the inductor 3 to the total cross-sectional area of ​​at least one second magnetic member 212 in the direction of motion relative to the inductor 3 is determined according to the working load and vibration impact load that the iron core 21 needs to bear during braking. When the cross-sectional area of ​​the iron core 21 in the direction of motion relative to the inductor 3 (that is, the area of ​​interaction between the iron core 21 and the inductor 3) remains unchanged, the ratio of the cross-sectional areas of the first magnetic member 211 and the second magnetic member 212 in the direction of motion relative to the inductor 3 is adjusted to further optimize the overall magnetic conductivity and structural strength of the iron core 21.

[0042] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, the second magnetic member 212 extends in a direction perpendicular to the direction of movement of the induction body 3 and is connected to the yoke 1, and at least one first magnetic member 211 is located around at least one second magnetic member 212. During braking, the transmission direction of the working load and vibration impact load borne by the iron core 21 is perpendicular to the direction of movement relative to the induction body 3, so the second magnetic member 212 can better withstand the working load and vibration impact load. By arranging the first magnetic member 211 around the second magnetic member 212, the magnetic field between the first magnetic member 211 and the induction body 3 has a larger range of action, and the magnetic field between the outer first magnetic member 211 and the induction body 3 can be better utilized to generate braking force. At the same time, the second magnetic member 212 in the middle is connected to the yoke 1, so that the working load and vibration impact load can be better borne.

[0043] like Figure 4 As shown, in the first embodiment, the iron core 21 includes at least two second magnetic members 212, and the second magnetic member 212 includes a support column 2122 and a support seat 2123. One end of the support column 2122 is connected to the support seat 2123, and the other end of the support column 2122 passes through the first magnetic member 211 and is connected to the yoke 1. Specifically, the two support columns 2122 constitute two second connecting members 5, and the two support columns 2122 pass through the first magnetic member 211 and are connected to the yoke 1, and are symmetrically arranged relative to the central axis of the first magnetic member 211.

[0044] like Figure 5As shown, in the second embodiment, the iron core 21 includes at least two first magnetic members 211, and the second magnetic member 212 includes a support plate 2121, the support plate 2121 is sandwiched between the at least two first magnetic members 211, and the at least two first magnetic members 211 and the support plate 2121 are connected by at least one first connecting member 213. Specifically, the support plate 2121 is connected to the yoke 1 through the second connecting member 5. The first magnetic member 211 is generally a plate-shaped structure, and the two first magnetic members 211 are located on both sides of the support plate 2121. The first connecting member 213 is a pin shaft, and the two pin shafts pass through the two first magnetic members 211 and the support plate 2121 along the movement direction relative to the inductor 3. The first connecting member 213 is made of the same material as the second magnetic member 212, which can also improve the overall structural strength of the iron core 21.

[0045] The above are only several embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present invention based on the contents disclosed in the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An eddy current braking electromagnet, characterized in that: Used to cooperate with the induction body to brake the train vehicle, the eddy current braking electromagnet includes: A yoke mounted on the train vehicle; At least two magnetic poles are arranged along a moving direction relative to the inductor, and the polarities of two adjacent magnetic poles are arranged oppositely, the magnetic poles include an iron core and a winding coil, the winding coil is wound on the iron core, one end of the iron core is connected to the magnetic yoke, and the other end of the iron core is arranged close to the inductor, the iron core includes at least one first magnetic member, and the first magnetic member is made of an iron-cobalt alloy material; The iron core further includes at least one second magnetic component, the second magnetic component is connected to the first magnetic component, the magnetic induction intensity of the first magnetic component is greater than the magnetic induction intensity of the second magnetic component, and the structural strength of the second magnetic component is greater than the structural strength of the first magnetic component; the structural strength is a mechanical property, including tensile strength, yield strength and impact toughness; Wherein, the ratio of the total cross-sectional area of ​​at least one of the first magnetic members in the direction of motion relative to the induction body to the total cross-sectional area of ​​at least one of the second magnetic members in the direction of motion relative to the induction body is determined according to the braking force performance requirements of the eddy current braking electromagnet and the working load and vibration impact load that the iron core needs to withstand during braking; The second magnetic member extends in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the induction body and is connected to the magnetic yoke, and at least one of the first magnetic members is located around at least one of the second magnetic members.

2. The eddy current braking electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cobalt content of the iron-cobalt alloy material is 2% to 35%.

3. The eddy current brake electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The iron core includes at least two of the second magnetic parts, and the second magnetic part includes a support column and a support seat. One end of the support column is connected to the support seat, and the other end of the support column passes through the first magnetic part and is connected to the yoke.

4. The eddy current brake electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The iron core includes at least two of the first magnetic members, and the second magnetic member includes a support plate, wherein the support plate is sandwiched between the at least two of the first magnetic members, and the at least two of the first magnetic members and the support plate are connected via at least one connecting member.

5. The eddy current braking electromagnet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The magnetic induction intensity of the first magnetic member in a magnetic field with a magnetic field intensity of 10000A / m is not less than 2.0T.

6. The eddy current braking electromagnet according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second magnetic member is made of ductile iron or structural steel.

7. The eddy current braking electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inductor comprises a track, and the yoke is extended in a direction parallel to the track.

8. The eddy current braking electromagnet according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inductor includes a brake disc, and the yoke is extended along the circumference of the brake disc.

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