A general steel sleeve structure for multi-specification shield machines and its usage method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of shield tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to a universal steel sleeve structure for multi-specification shield machines and its usage method; it includes a sleeve body, which is a cylindrical structure with one end open; a bracket is arranged at the bottom of the sleeve body; a plurality of telescopic mechanisms are arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve body along the circumferential direction; one end of each telescopic mechanism is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve body, and the other end is a free end; the telescopic mechanism performs telescopic movement along the radial direction of the sleeve body; a plurality of air bags are arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve body along the circumferential direction, and an inflation device is provided to inflate the inside of the air bags; a feeding pipe is connected to the inside and outside of the sleeve body for feeding materials into the sleeve body; a reaction frame is arranged at one end of the sleeve body; the reaction frame is integrally in a triangular support structure. The present invention provides a universal steel sleeve structure for multi-specification shield machines and its usage method, which can effectively reduce the construction cost and improve the filling effect inside the steel sleeve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shield tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to a universal steel sleeve structure for multi-specification shield machines and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The starting and receiving of a shield are high-risk events in shield tunnel construction. Especially in soft strata and water-rich strata, when the shield machine is received, after the shield machine breaks through the hole, it is easy to cause the instability of the excavation face and result in soil collapse and water inrush accidents. In order to avoid the above-mentioned dangers, a steel sleeve is used for the starting and receiving of the shield. The core technology of the steel sleeve to balance the starting and receiving is to fill sand, add water, etc. inside the steel sleeve, so that the internal pressure environment of the steel sleeve is the same as that at the portal end, so that no pressure difference is generated after the shield breaks through the portal, which can effectively reduce the risk of water and sand inrush.

[0003] Shield equipment has various specifications, each with different diameters and usage environments. The existing steel sleeves are mainly designed for specific strata and specific specifications of shield equipment, and often cannot be used again after the project is completed, resulting in a large waste of equipment and materials. At the same time, the existing steel sleeves use a filling method of filling sand first and then adding water. However, in this process, since the sand will consolidate and settle when encountering water, it is very easy to appear local filling not dense, and even defects such as local cavities. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a universal steel sleeve structure for multi-specification shield machines, which can be used for the starting and receiving of shields with various diameters, can effectively reduce the construction cost and can improve the filling effect inside the steel sleeve, thereby solving the problems in the background art. The present invention also provides a using method of the universal steel sleeve structure for multi-specification shield machines, which can achieve the same technical effect.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A universal steel sleeve structure for multi-specification shield machines, comprising:

[0007] A sleeve body, which is a cylindrical structure with one end open; a bracket is arranged at the bottom of the sleeve body;

[0008] A telescopic mechanism, which is arranged in a plurality along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the sleeve body; one end of each telescopic mechanism is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve body, and the other end is a free end; the telescopic mechanism performs telescopic movement along the radial direction of the sleeve body;

[0009] An airbag, which is arranged in a plurality along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the sleeve body, and an inflation device is arranged to inflate the inside of the airbag;

[0010] The feeding pipe is connected to the inside and outside of the sleeve body and is used to feed materials into the sleeve body.

[0011] The reaction frame is arranged at one end of the sleeve body; the reaction frame is in an overall triangular support structure.

[0012] Further, the sleeve body includes a plurality of sleeve segments distributed along the extension direction, and the end faces of adjacent sleeve segments are in contact.

[0013] Further, each sleeve segment includes an upper semi-cylindrical body and a lower semi-cylindrical body with arc-shaped cross-sections, and the upper semi-cylindrical body and the lower semi-cylindrical body are spliced to form a complete circular ring structure.

[0014] Further, a sealing strip is arranged at the joint of the upper semi-cylindrical body and the lower semi-cylindrical body, and both side surfaces of the sealing strip are in contact with the splicing surfaces of the upper semi-cylindrical body and the lower semi-cylindrical body respectively.

[0015] Further, one side edge of the sealing strip extends out of the outside of the sleeve body, and extension segments are respectively arranged on both side surfaces of the extended part, and the two extension segments and the sealing strip form a T-shaped structure.

[0016] Further, an arc-shaped supporting block is arranged at one end of the telescopic mechanism close to the shield machine.

[0017] Further, the arc-shaped supporting block is detachably connected to the end of the telescopic mechanism.

[0018] Further, a plurality of feeding pipes are provided, and among them, several feeding pipes distributed along the circumferential direction of the sleeve body form a pipe group, and a plurality of pipe groups are distributed along the extension direction of the sleeve body.

[0019] Further, the airbag and the telescopic mechanism are arranged alternately in the extension direction of the sleeve body.

[0020] The present invention also provides a usage method of a general steel sleeve structure for multi-specification shield machines, which is applicable to the above-mentioned general steel sleeve structure for multi-specification shield machines, and the steps include:

[0021] Install the steel sleeve structure in the shield shaft.

[0022] Adjust the length of the telescopic mechanism so that the free ends of all telescopic mechanisms move to the outer side surfaces of the corresponding shield machines.

[0023] Fill the inside of the sleeve body with sand through the feeding pipe.

[0024] Inflate the airbag to make the volume of the airbag expand and press the sand more densely.

[0025] After that, the starting or receiving operation of the shield can be carried out.

[0026] Through the technical solution of the present invention, the following technical effects can be achieved:

[0027] 1. Compared with the traditional steel sleeve structure, multiple telescopic mechanisms are arranged in the steel sleeve structure of the present invention. By adjusting the length of the telescopic mechanism, the steel sleeve structure of the present invention can adjust the guide rail according to the different diameters of the shield machine, and can meet the starting and receiving process requirements of shield steel sleeves with various diameters;

[0028] 2. The steel sleeve structure of the present invention is filled by setting an airbag in the sleeve body and using sand addition in cooperation with the airbag. On the one hand, the gas can ensure the complete filling of the sand sample voids and ensure the filling effect of the sand filling. On the other hand, the filled gas can form an air wall at the connection of the portal, preventing leakage at the shield tail part and ensuring the sealing effect.

[0029] 3. The steel sleeve structure of the present invention adopts a multi-pipeline design, increasing the channels for feeding, grouting, and discharging materials, improving the efficiency of the entire starting and receiving process of the steel sleeve, and making the local coverage range of the feeding port more comprehensive, resulting in better feeding and grouting effects; at the same time, it is also possible to observe the states of the feeding pipes at different positions, thereby reflecting the attitude and tunneling parameters of the shield machine entering the steel sleeve, etc., and then better coping with emergencies for adjustment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the universal steel sleeve structure for multi-specification shield machines of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is another view of the structural schematic diagram of the universal steel sleeve structure for multi-specification shield machines of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is an exploded view of the components of the universal steel sleeve structure for multi-specification shield machines of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a front view of the universal steel sleeve structure for multi-specification shield machines of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 the enlarged view of part A;

[0036] Figure 6 When the first implementation mode of the telescopic mechanism isFigure 4 Enlarged view of part B;

[0037] Figure 7 When it is the second implementation mode of the telescopic mechanism Figure 4 Enlarged view of part B;

[0038] Figure 8 Side view of the universal steel sleeve structure of the multi - specification shield machine of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 Side view of the universal steel sleeve structure of the multi - specification shield machine of the present invention after removing the upper half cylinder body;

[0040] Figure 10 Component disassembly drawing of the sleeve segment;

[0041] Reference numerals: sleeve body 1, bracket 11, upper half cylinder body 12, lower half cylinder body 13, sealing strip 14, extension section 15, telescopic mechanism 2, arc support block 21, power actuator 22, slider 23, screw rod 24, abutting block 25, airbag 3, feeding pipe 4, reaction frame 5, jack 6. Specific implementation mode

[0042] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0045] The present invention relates to a universal steel sleeve structure for a multi - specification shield machine, as Figures 1 - 10 shown, including:

[0046] The sleeve body 1 is a cylindrical structure with an open end. When installed in the shield shaft, the open end of the sleeve body 1 faces the launching hole or the receiving hole, and the shield machine exits or enters the sleeve body 1 from the open end. A bracket 11 is also provided at the bottom of the sleeve body 1. The bottom of the bracket 11 is a flat structure, and the sleeve body 1 can be firmly fixed on the ground through the bracket 11.

[0047] The telescopic mechanism 2 is provided in a plurality along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the sleeve body 1. One end of each telescopic mechanism 2 is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve body 1, and the other end is a free end. The telescopic mechanism 2 performs telescopic movement along the radial direction of the sleeve body 1, so that the position of the free end in the sleeve body 1 can be adjusted through the telescopic movement.

[0048] The airbag 3 is provided in a plurality along the circumferential direction on the inner wall of the sleeve body 1, and an inflation device is provided to inflate the inside of the airbag 3. After the airbag 3 is filled with gas, its volume will become larger and expand.

[0049] The feeding pipe 4 communicates the inside and the outside of the sleeve body 1 and is used to add sand to the sleeve body 1. When a plurality of feeding pipes 4 are provided, the feeding pipe 4 located at the bottom of the sleeve body 1 can also play a role in discharging materials when the steel sleeve structure is demolished.

[0050] The reaction frame 5 is provided at one end of the sleeve body 1. The reaction frame 5 is a triangular support structure as a whole and is used to provide a reaction force for the shield machine during launching or receiving or to support the sleeve body 1. When necessary, a jack 6 can also be provided, and both ends of the jack 6 are respectively abutted against the reaction frame 5 and the side wall of the shield shaft to further provide driving force or supporting force.

[0051] The telescopic mechanism 2 can be implemented in the following ways in the steel sleeve structure:

[0052] Method 1, as Figure 6 shown, the telescopic mechanism 2 includes a power actuator 22 and a slider 23. The power actuator 22 is a hydraulic cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder, and it is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sleeve body 1. The slider 23 is arranged at the output end of the power actuator 22, and the power actuator 22 drives the slider 23 to move to form a free end.

[0053] Method 2, as Figure 7 shown, the telescopic mechanism 2 includes a screw rod 24 and a abutting block 25. At the same time, a threaded hole is opened on the side wall of the sleeve body 1, or a first connecting block with a threaded hole is provided on the side wall of the sleeve body 1. One end of the screw rod 24 is screwed into the threaded hole, and the other end is installed with the abutting block 25 to form a free end. By rotating the screw rod 24, the elongation or contraction adjustment of the telescopic mechanism 2 can be realized.

[0054] In the third method, the telescopic mechanism 2 can be a telescopic guide rail structure. The second connecting block is installed on the side wall of the sleeve body 1, and the guide rail is installed on the second connecting block.

[0055] Specifically, compared with the traditional steel sleeve structure, multiple telescopic mechanisms 2 are arranged in the steel sleeve structure of the present invention. By adjusting the length of the telescopic mechanism 2, the steel sleeve structure can be adjusted according to the different diameters of the shield machine, and can meet the starting and receiving process requirements of shield machines with various diameters. At the same time, the steel sleeve structure of the present invention is filled by setting an airbag 3 in the sleeve body and using the airbag 3 in cooperation with adding sand. On the one hand, the gas can ensure that the voids of the sand sample are completely filled, ensuring the filling effect of the sand filling. On the other hand, part of the airbag 3 is arranged at the opening of the sleeve body 1, and the gas filled in this part of the airbag 3 can form an air wall at the connection of the portal, preventing leakage at the shield tail part and ensuring the sealing effect.

[0056] Since the volume of the steel sleeve structure of the present invention is usually relatively large, in order to facilitate the installation of the steel sleeve structure, it is preferably to set the sleeve body 1 in a split form, such as Figure 3 shown. By setting a plurality of sleeve segments distributed along the extension direction, the end faces of adjacent sleeve segments are fitted together to form the sleeve body 1. A fixed flange structure is arranged on the end face of each sleeve segment, and the sleeve segments are connected by using bolts to fix the flange structure. A rubber gasket or rubber sealing ring is preferably arranged between adjacent sleeve segments to ensure the sealing performance of the assembled sleeve body 1.

[0057] Each sleeve segment is preferably also set in a split structure, such as Figure 10 shown, including an upper half cylinder body 12 and a lower half cylinder body 13 with arc-shaped cross-sections. After the upper half cylinder body 12 and the lower half cylinder body 13 are spliced, a complete circular ring structure is formed. Installation plates extending radially outward are preferably arranged on the surfaces for splicing of the upper half cylinder body 12 and the lower half cylinder body 13, and the upper half cylinder body 12 and the lower half cylinder body 13 are connected by using bolts to fix the two installation plates. A sealing strip 14 is preferably arranged at the splicing part of the upper half cylinder body 12 and the lower half cylinder body 13, such as Figure 5 shown. The two side surfaces of the sealing strip 14 are respectively fitted to the splicing surfaces of the upper half cylinder body 12 and the lower half cylinder body 13 to ensure the sealing performance of the splicing part of the upper half cylinder body 12 and the lower half cylinder body 13. The sealing strip 14 preferably adopts the following structure: one side edge of the sealing strip 14 extends out of the outside of the sleeve body 1, and extension segments 15 are respectively arranged on the two side surfaces of the extending part. The two extension segments 15 and the sealing strip 14 form a T-shaped structure. The T-shaped structure can make the gap at the splicing part form a bent structure, making it more difficult for the gap at the splicing part to leak, and further improving the sealing performance of the sleeve body 1. The sealing strip 14 can also reduce the friction between the splicing surfaces of the upper half cylinder body 12 and the lower half cylinder body 13, enhancing the service life of the cylinder body.

[0058] For the split sleeve body 1 described above, when splicing, the following splicing method is preferably adopted: first splice all the lower half cylinders 13 so that the central axes of the inner walls of all the lower half cylinders 13 are aligned, and then start from one end close to the starting hole or the receiving hole and install the upper half cylinders 12 one by one towards the other end. And when installing each upper half cylinder 12, first fix the corresponding upper half cylinder 12 and the lower half cylinder 13, and then fix the upper half cylinder 12 and the previously installed upper half cylinder 12. By this installation method, the straightness of the spliced sleeve body 1 is ensured, thus ensuring the safety of the launching or receiving of the shield machine.

[0059] In order to increase the area of the free end of the telescopic mechanism 2 and prevent the telescopic mechanism 2 from scratching the shield machine, it is preferable to provide an arc-shaped support block 21 at one end of the telescopic mechanism 2 close to the shield machine. A variety of arc-shaped support blocks 21 can be set according to the size of the shield machine. For each type of arc-shaped support block 21, all the arc-shaped support blocks 21 installed on the telescopic mechanisms 2 can be spliced to form a complete ring shape, and the diameters of the rings formed by each type of arc-shaped support block 21 are different, and different ring diameters correspond to shield machines of different diameters. Through this form of arc-shaped support block 21, the limiting and lifting capabilities of the arc-shaped support block 21 for the shield machine can be improved, and when the telescopic mechanism 2 pushes the arc-shaped support blocks 21 to form a ring shape, it can no longer continue to extend inward, thus effectively preventing the telescopic mechanism 2 from extending too long and causing damage to the shield machine or affecting the movement of the shield machine. In this structure, the arc-shaped support block 21 and the free end of the telescopic mechanism 2 are preferably set in a detachable connection manner, such as using screws and bolts or setting a clamping structure to fix the arc-shaped support block 21, which is convenient for replacing the arc-shaped support block 21.

[0060] The feeding ports of traditional steel sleeves are generally designed at the top, and the number of feeding ports is usually only 1 or 2. This feeding method makes it difficult for the materials added into the steel sleeve to spread evenly, resulting in difficult-to-guarantee filling effect in the steel sleeve. There are easy to leave gaps at some corner positions, increasing the safety hazards during the shield starting and receiving processes. In the structure of this steel sleeve, multiple feeding pipes 4 are provided, and their distribution method is set as follows: several feeding pipes 4 distributed along the circumferential direction of the sleeve body 1 form a pipe group, and multiple pipe groups are distributed along the extending direction of the sleeve body 1. Compared with the traditional steel sleeve structure, this steel sleeve structure increases the channels for feeding, grouting, and discharging, improving the construction efficiency of the entire steel sleeve during starting and receiving; at the same time, the multi-pipeline layout makes the local coverage range of the feeding ports more comprehensive, resulting in better feeding and grouting effects. When the shield machine exits or enters, it will cause different reactions to the filling materials in each feeding pipe 4. For example, during the receiving operation, as the shield machine enters the sleeve body 1, the part where the shield machine arrives will extrude the filling materials in the sleeve body 1. At this time, there is: for several feeding pipes 4 distributed along the extending direction of the sleeve body 1, when extrusion occurs in a certain feeding pipe 4, it indicates that the shield machine has reached the position corresponding to this feeding pipe 4; for several feeding pipes 4 distributed along the circumferential direction of the sleeve body 1, when the filling materials extruded from a certain feeding pipe 4 are more than those of other feeding pipes 4, it indicates that the shield machine has tilted towards the direction of this feeding pipe 4; by observing the feeding pipes 4 at different positions in this way, the attitude, tunneling parameters, etc. of the shield machine entering the steel sleeve can be observed, and then emergencies can be better handled. Corresponding to the starting operation, as the shield machine exits the sleeve body 1, the part where the shield machine leaves needs to be replenished with filling materials from the feeding pipe 4 again, and then what is observed is the replenishment state of the feeding pipes 4 at different positions.

[0061] The airbag 3 and the telescopic mechanism 2 are preferably arranged staggeredly in the extending direction of the sleeve body 1, so as to ensure that the telescopic mechanisms 2 on both sides of the airbag 3 can support the shield machine, preventing the shield machine from shifting and contacting the airbag 3 to affect the operation of the airbag 3.

[0062] The present invention also relates to a usage method of a universal steel sleeve structure for multi-specification shield machines, which is applicable to the above-mentioned universal steel sleeve structure for multi-specification shield machines. The steps include:

[0063] S1: Install the steel sleeve structure in the shield shaft, align the opening of the sleeve body 1 with the opening in the shield shaft and fix it, seal the connection, and then install a reaction frame 5 at the end of the sleeve body 1 far from the opening;

[0064] S2: Adjust the length of the telescopic mechanism 2 so that the free ends of all the telescopic mechanisms 2 move to the outer side of the corresponding shield machine. In the starting state, since the shield machine is already inside the sleeve body 1, the free ends of the telescopic mechanisms 2 will be in contact with the side of the shield machine at this time. In the receiving state, the shield machine has not yet entered the sleeve body 1. At this time, the diameter of the fitting circle formed by the free ends of all the telescopic mechanisms 2 is the same as the diameter of the shield machine. After the shield machine enters the sleeve body 1, the free ends of the telescopic mechanisms 2 will be in contact with the side of the shield machine.

[0065] S3: Fill the inside of the sleeve body 1 with sand through the feeding pipe 4.

[0066] S4: Inflate the airbag 3 to make its volume expand and press the sand more densely. The inflation volume of the airbag 3 is determined according to the construction environment. After the airbag 3 compacts the sand, the pressure of the sand inside the sleeve body 1 is the same as the pressure of the formation at the portal end.

[0067] S5: Then the starting or receiving operation of the shield can be carried out.

[0068] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A general steel sleeve structure for multi - specification shield machines, characterized in that, Comprising: A sleeve body (1), which is a cylindrical structure with an open end; a bracket (11) is provided at the bottom of the sleeve body (1); Sand is filled between the inner side of the sleeve body (1) and the outer side of the shield machine; A plurality of telescopic mechanisms (2) are arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve body (1) along the circumferential direction; one end of each telescopic mechanism (2) is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve body (1), and the other end is a free end; the telescopic mechanism (2) performs telescopic movement along the radial direction of the sleeve body (1); an arc-shaped supporting block (21) is provided at one end of the telescopic mechanism (2) close to the shield machine; the arc-shaped supporting block (21) is detachably connected to the end of the telescopic mechanism (2); the arc-shaped supporting blocks (21) installed on all the telescopic mechanisms (2) form a complete circular ring shape after being spliced; A plurality of air bags (3) are arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve body (1) along the circumferential direction, and an inflation device is provided to inflate the inside of the air bag (3); The air bags (3) and the telescopic mechanisms (2) are arranged alternately in the extending direction of the sleeve body (1), and are filled by the method of adding sand in cooperation with the air bags (3) so that the gas can completely fill the voids of the sand sample; A feeding pipe (4) communicates the inside and the outside of the sleeve body (1) and is used for feeding materials into the sleeve body (1); a plurality of feeding pipes (4) are provided, wherein several feeding pipes (4) distributed along the circumferential direction of the sleeve body (1) form a pipe group, and a plurality of pipe groups are distributed along the extending direction of the sleeve body (1); when the shield machine exits or enters, different reactions are generated on the filling materials in each feeding pipe (4), and the attitude and tunneling parameters of the shield machine entering are observed by observing the feeding pipes (4) at different positions; A reaction frame (5) is provided at one end of the sleeve body (1); the reaction frame (5) is integrally in a triangular support structure.

2. The universal steel sleeve structure of the multi-specification shield machine according to claim 1, characterized in that The sleeve body (1) includes a plurality of sleeve segments distributed along the extending direction, and the end faces of adjacent sleeve segments are in contact.

3. The universal steel sleeve structure of the multi-specification shield machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each sleeve segment includes an upper half cylinder body (12) and a lower half cylinder body (13) with arc-shaped cross sections, and the upper half cylinder body (12) and the lower half cylinder body (13) are spliced to form a complete circular ring structure.

4. The universal steel sleeve structure of the multi-specification shield machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, A sealing strip (14) is further provided at the splicing part of the upper half cylinder body (12) and the lower half cylinder body (13), and both side surfaces of the sealing strip (14) are in contact with the splicing surfaces of the upper half cylinder body (12) and the lower half cylinder body (13) respectively.

5. The universal steel sleeve structure of the multi-specification shield machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, One side edge of the sealing strip (14) extends out of the outside of the sleeve body (1), and extension segments (15) are respectively provided on both side surfaces of the extending part, and the two extension segments (15) and the sealing strip (14) form a T-shaped structure.

6. A method for using a universal steel sleeve structure of a multi - specification shield machine, characterized in that, Applicable to the general steel sleeve structure of multi-specification shield machines as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, the steps include: Install the steel sleeve structure in the shield well; Adjust the length of the telescopic mechanism (2) so that the free ends of all the telescopic mechanisms (2) move to the outer side surface of the corresponding shield machine; Fill the inside of the sleeve body (1) with sand through the feeding pipe (4); Inflate the airbag (3) to expand its volume and press the sand material more densely; After that, the launching or receiving operation of the shield can be carried out.

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