Full-face tunnel boring machine hoisting and lowering method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method for hoisting and lowering a full-face tunnel boring machine, which includes the hoisting of the jumbo, the assembly of the jumbo, the hoisting of the main machine, the assembly of the main machine, and the connection between the jumbo and the main machine. The hoisting of the main machine sequentially includes the screw conveyor, the tail shield, the middle shield, the front shield, the segment erector and guide rail, and the cutter head. The assembly of the main machine sequentially includes the middle shield, the front shield, the segment erector and guide rail, the tail shield, the cutter head, and the screw conveyor. The present invention hoists and assembles multiple components separately, meets feasibility and safety requirements, controls the cost of hoisting construction, and can provide reference for similar projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shield construction engineering machinery. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for hoisting and lowering a full-face tunnel boring machine. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the construction technology and independent R & D level of TBM (full-face tunnel boring machine) in China, the full-face tunnel boring machine has been widely used in tunnel projects such as subways, railways, highways, municipal engineering, and hydropower. The full-face tunnel boring machine is large in size and heavy in weight, and needs to be hoisted in parts. How to ensure the quality and safety of the hoisting and lowering of the full-face tunnel boring machine into the well is not only a key and difficult point but also a core link in the construction. There are multiple processes involved in the hoisting and lowering of the full-face tunnel boring machine into the well. If any process is not properly controlled, it will affect the construction quality and even lead to safety problems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a method for hoisting and lowering a full-face tunnel boring machine, which hoists and assembles multiple components separately, meets feasibility and safety, controls the cost of hoisting construction, and can provide reference for similar projects.

[0004] To achieve these and other advantages in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method for hoisting and lowering a full-face tunnel boring machine, including hoisting a trolley, assembling the trolley, hoisting a main machine, assembling the main machine, connecting the trolley and the main machine. The hoisting of the main machine sequentially includes a screw conveyor, a rear shield, a middle shield, a front shield, a segment erector and a guide rail, and a cutter head. The assembly of the main machine sequentially includes a middle shield, a front shield, a segment erector and a guide rail, a rear shield, a cutter head, and a screw conveyor.

[0005] Preferably, at least one 250T crawler crane is used for hoisting the trolley. The trolley is lifted by a steel wire rope, and the trolley is in a horizontal state. The steel wire rope forms an angle of 65 - 75° with the trolley. The crane moves the trolley to the wellhead, lowers the hook, the trolley contacts the rail, and then releases the hook.

[0006] Preferably, two 250T crawler cranes are used for hoisting the screw conveyor. The screw conveyor is lifted by a steel wire rope, and the screw conveyor forms an angle of 65 - 75° with the horizontal direction. The crane moves the screw conveyor to the wellhead, lowers the hook, the screw conveyor contacts the rail, and then releases the hook.

[0007] Preferably, two 250T crawler cranes are used to flip the rear shield, the middle shield, and the front shield. One crane lifts the lifting ring at the top of the rear shield, the middle shield, and the front shield, and the other crane lifts the lifting ring at the bottom of the rear shield, the middle shield, and the front shield. The two cranes balance-lift the rear shield, the middle shield, and the front shield to a certain height. One crane continues to lift, and at the same time, it flips through the rotating arm and the lifting arm, and then continues to lift to a certain height. The other crane lowers the hook. One crane moves the rear shield, the middle shield, and the front shield to the wellhead and then lowers the hook.

[0008] Preferably, two 250T crawler cranes are used to flip the cutter head during hoisting. One crane lifts the lifting ring at the top of the cutter head, and the other crane lifts the lifting ring at the bottom of the cutter head. The two cranes balance-lift the cutter head to a certain height. One crane continues to lift, and at the same time, it flips through the rotating arm and the lifting arm, then continues to lift to a certain height. The other crane releases the hook. One crane moves the cutter head to the wellhead, vertically lowers it into the well, and releases the hook.

[0009] Preferably, the main machine assembly includes first assembling the front shield and the middle shield, pushing them towards the tunneling side, pushing the segment erector and the guide rail into the inside of the middle shield and the front shield, assembling the rear shield and the middle shield, aligning the bolt holes of the cutter head with the front shield, pre-tightening the bolts, pushing them towards the tunneling side, and pushing the screw conveyor into the inside of the cutter head, the front shield, the middle shield, and the rear shield.

[0010] Preferably, a load-bearing structure is built before the main machine is hoisted and lowered, and the load-bearing structure is removed before the main machine is assembled. The load-bearing structure is arranged in the underground area and includes at least four support components. The support components include:

[0011] A support column, with widened parts at its top and bottom;

[0012] A lower support plate, which is detachably connected to the widened part at the bottom of the support column through high-strength bolts;

[0013] A lower support frame, which is padded between the lower support plate and the bottom surface of the well. The lower support frame is in a cross-shaped structure;

[0014] A connecting column, which is detachably connected to the widened part at the top of the support column through high-strength bolts. The cross-sectional dimension of the connecting column is smaller than that of the support column;

[0015] An upper support plate, which is detachably connected to the top of the connecting column through high-strength bolts. Multiple brackets are also welded between the upper support plate and the connecting column;

[0016] A jack, whose base is placed above the widened part at the top of the support column and the hydraulic rod vertically abuts against the upper support plate;

[0017] An upper support frame, which is padded between the upper support plate and the top surface of the underground space. The upper support frame is in a cross-shaped structure.

[0018] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] In the present invention, multiple components are hoisted and assembled separately. Different crawler cranes are selected for each component, and hoisting calculations are carried out for each component to ensure the rationality of specifications and construction processes. For components that need to be flipped, two crawler cranes are used in cooperation to meet the construction technical requirements, with feasibility and safety, controlling the cost of hoisting construction, and providing reference for similar projects.

[0020] In the present invention, a reinforcement support is formed through a load-bearing structure, which does not occupy too much space underground and does not damage the concrete of the wellhead structure, completing the hoisting of the main machine and meeting the requirements of the service load.

[0021] Other advantages, objectives, and features of the present invention will be partially reflected by the following description and partially understood by those skilled in the art through the research and practice of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the load-bearing structure of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0023] The following further elaborates on the present invention in detail with reference to examples, enabling those skilled in the art to implement it according to the description in the specification.

[0024] It should be understood that the terms such as "having", "comprising", and "including" used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or their combinations.

[0025] It should be noted that the experimental methods described in the following implementation examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents and materials can all be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified; in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can be fixedly connected and set, or detachably connected and set, or integrally connected and set. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances. The orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "transverse", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the examples, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0026] The present invention provides a method for hoisting and lowering a full-section tunnel boring machine. Considering the size, quality and structural bearing capacity of the full-section tunnel boring machine, this hoisting and lowering is intended to adopt a scheme of first disassembling and then hoisting in parts, including trolley hoisting, trolley assembly, main machine hoisting, main machine assembly, and connection between the trolley and the main machine. The main parameters of each component of the main machine are shown in Table 1. Before hoisting, the bearing capacity of the foundation is verified, and the total weight of the crane and the heaviest component is calculated. The crane is connected and debugged according to a 20-30m main arm, a 10-15m auxiliary arm, a 160T main hook, and a 100T auxiliary hook. In order to make the crane bear Lay steel plates evenly to evenly distribute the force, calculate the force-bearing area of ​​the steel plates and the bearing capacity of the foundation, reinforce the bottom surface to make it greater than the bearing capacity of the foundation required for lifting. During lifting, install the main lifting points of each component on the main hook and the auxiliary lifting points on the auxiliary hook, lift the component in a balanced manner, reach the wellhead, slowly lower the hook, and keep the crawler crane steadily descending until the component is in place to complete the lowering process. The main engine lifting includes spiral ejector, rear shield, middle shield, front shield, segment installer and guide rails, and cutter head in sequence. The main engine assembly includes middle shield, front shield, segment installer and guide rails, rear shield, cutter head and spiral ejector in sequence.

[0027] Table 1

[0028] Component Weight / (T) Length × Width × Height / (m × m × m) Screw soil conveyor 25 12×2×2 Backing 40 6.5×6.5×4.0 Middle shield 95 6.5×6.5×3.5 Front shield 102 6.5×6.5×3.5 Segment erector and guide rail 18 6.0×4.0×2.5 Cutting wheel 65 6.5×6.5×2.0

[0029] In the above technical solution, multiple components are hoisted and assembled separately, which is feasible and safe, controls the cost of hoisting construction, and can provide reference for similar projects.

[0030] In another technical solution, at least one 250T crawler crane is used for trolley hoisting. The trolley includes a starting platform and multiple trolleys. The parts that affect the descent into the well are disassembled before falling, and then assembled after descending. In order to reduce the damage to the concrete during the hoisting process, a 8m×3m×0.2m steel plate is laid at the bottom of the crawler crane, and the trolley is hoisted by a steel wire rope. The steel wire rope is selected with a diameter of 40mm, a length of 10m, and a tensile strength of 180kg / mm 2 The trolley is in a horizontal state, the wire rope and the trolley are at an angle of 65-75°, the crane moves the trolley to the wellhead, lowers the hook, the trolley contacts the rail, releases the hook, pushes the trolley that is lowered into the well first to the excavation side, assembles the adjacent trolleys, and makes the end of the rear trolley more than 15m away from the wellhead. For the trolley hoisting, ensure the specifications and construction process are reasonable.

[0031] In another technical solution, the use of a single machine for lifting will concentrate the load stress in one area, which is not conducive to the structural load and component deflection. The spiral earthmoving device is hoisted by two 250T crawler cranes. In order to reduce the damage to the concrete during the lifting process, a 8m×3m×0.2m steel plate is laid at the bottom of the crawler crane. The steel wire rope is selected with a diameter of 40mm, a length of 10m, and a tensile strength of 180kg / mm 2, the spiral mucker is lifted by a wire rope, with the spiral mucker making an angle of 65 - 75° with the horizontal direction. The crane moves the spiral mucker to the wellhead, lowers the hook, the spiral mucker touches the track, and then releases the hook. Different crawler cranes are selected for the spiral mucker, and lifting calculations are carried out for the spiral mucker to meet the construction technical requirements.

[0032] In another technical solution, using a single crane for lifting will concentrate the load stress on one area, which is not conducive to the structural load-bearing and component deflection. For the lifting of the rear shield, middle shield, and front shield, two 250T crawler cranes are used for flipping. To reduce the damage to the concrete during the lifting process, steel plates with dimensions of 8m × 3m × 0.2m are laid at the bottom of the crawler crane. The wire rope is selected with a diameter of 65mm, a length of 20m, and a tensile strength of 180kg / mm 2 , where one crane lifts the lifting rings at the top of the rear shield, middle shield, and front shield, and the other crane lifts the lifting rings at the bottom of the rear shield, middle shield, and front shield. The two cranes balance-lift the rear shield, middle shield, and front shield to a certain height. One crane continues to lift, and at the same time, it flips through the slewing arm and the lifting arm, and then continues to lift to a certain height. The other crane releases the hook. One crane moves the rear shield, middle shield, and front shield to the wellhead and releases the hook. Different crawler cranes are selected for each component, and lifting calculations are carried out for each component. For the components that need to be flipped, two crawler cranes are used in cooperation for reasonable load distribution to meet the construction technical requirements.

[0033] In another technical solution, for the lifting of the cutter head, two 250T crawler cranes are used for flipping. To reduce the damage to the concrete during the lifting process, steel plates with dimensions of 8m × 3m × 0.2m are laid at the bottom of the crawler crane. One crane lifts the lifting ring at the top of the cutter head, and the other crane lifts the lifting ring at the bottom of the cutter head. The two cranes balance-lift the cutter head to a certain height. One crane continues to lift, and at the same time, it flips through the slewing arm and the lifting arm, and then continues to lift to a certain height. The other crane releases the hook. One crane moves the cutter head to the wellhead, vertically lowers it into the well, and releases the hook. Different crawler cranes are selected for the cutter head, and lifting calculations are carried out for the cutter head. For the components that need to be flipped, two crawler cranes are used in cooperation for reasonable load distribution to meet the construction technical requirements.

[0034] In another technical solution, the main machine assembly includes first assembling the front shield and the middle shield, pushing them towards the tunneling side, pushing the segment erector and the guide rail into the inside of the middle shield and the front shield, assembling the rear shield and the middle shield, aligning the bolt holes of the cutter head with the front shield, pre-tightening the bolts, and pushing them towards the tunneling side. The docking of the cutter head is the hoisting operation with the highest requirements for safety and technology during the hoisting process. When it is lifted and then lowered, the inertia is relatively large. To avoid accidents during the lowering process, the welding of the front of the cutter head can be completed first, then the docking is carried out, and after splicing, the welding of the back of the cutter head is completed, and it is pushed towards the tunneling side. The spiral mucker is pushed into the inside of the cutter head, front shield, middle shield, and rear shield, which can effectively improve the construction progress and ensure the construction quality.

[0035] In another technical solution, as Figure 1 shown, a load-bearing structure is built before the main machine is hoisted and lowered, and the load-bearing structure is removed before the main machine is assembled. The load-bearing structure is arranged in the underground area and includes at least four support components. The support components include:

[0036] Support column 1, with widened parts at its top and bottom;

[0037] Lower support plate 2, which is detachably connected to the widened part at the bottom of the support column 1 through high-strength bolts;

[0038] Lower support frame 3, which is padded between the lower support plate 2 and the bottom surface of the well. The lower support frame 3 is in a well-shaped structure;

[0039] Connecting column 4, which is detachably connected to the widened part at the top of the support column 1 through high-strength bolts. The cross-sectional dimension of the connecting column 4 is smaller than that of the support column 1;

[0040] Upper support plate 5, which is detachably connected to the top of the connecting column 4 through high-strength bolts. Multiple brackets 6 are also welded between the upper support plate 5 and the connecting column 4;

[0041] Jack 7, whose base is placed above the widened part at the top of the support column 1 and the hydraulic rod vertically abuts against the upper support plate 5;

[0042] Upper support frame 8, which is padded between the upper support plate 5 and the top surface of the underground space. The upper support frame 8 is in a well-shaped structure.

[0043] In the above technical solution, a reinforced support is formed through the load-bearing structure to change the force system and force state of the underground area structure. The support column 1 and the connecting column 4 can adopt steel pipes of different size specifications, which are convenient for material selection and have good construction performance. The widened parts can be formed by welding to form a horizontally extending surface, which is convenient for installing flanges to realize the connection of high-strength bolts. The lower support frame 3 and the upper support frame 8 can both adopt cross-welded reinforcing ribs to form a grid shape. The connecting column 4 and the support column 1 are coaxially arranged to ensure straightness. The upper support plate 5 forms a bearing surface, and the brackets 6 are evenly distributed to bear the force. A prestress is applied to the upper support plate 5 with the jack 7. The jack 7 itself must be equipped with a pressure gauge to meet the force requirements as a steel support.

[0044] The equipment quantity and processing scale described here are used to simplify the description of the present invention. The applications, modifications and variations of the present invention are obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0045] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those skilled in the art, additional modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the examples shown and described herein.

Claims

1. Hoisting and lowering method for full-face tunnel boring machine, Characterized in that, It includes trolley hoisting, trolley assembly, main machine hoisting, main machine assembly, and connection between the trolley and the main machine. The main machine hoisting successively includes a screw conveyor, a rear shield, a middle shield, a front shield, a segment erector and guide rail, and a cutter head. The main machine assembly successively includes a middle shield, a front shield, a segment erector and guide rail, a rear shield, a cutter head, and a screw conveyor; For trolley hoisting, at least one 250T crawler crane is used. The trolley is lifted by a steel wire rope, and the trolley is in a horizontal state. The steel wire rope forms an angle of 65 - 75° with the trolley. The crane moves the trolley to the wellhead, lowers the hook, the trolley contacts the track, and then releases the hook; For hoisting the screw conveyor, two 250T crawler cranes are used. The screw conveyor is lifted by a steel wire rope, and the screw conveyor forms an angle of 65 - 75° with the horizontal direction. The crane moves the screw conveyor to the wellhead, lowers the hook, the screw conveyor contacts the track, and then releases the hook; For hoisting the rear shield, middle shield, and front shield, two 250T crawler cranes are used for flipping. One crane lifts the lifting ring at the top of the rear shield, middle shield, and front shield, and the other crane lifts the lifting ring at the bottom of the rear shield, middle shield, and front shield. The two cranes balance-lift the rear shield, middle shield, and front shield to a certain height. One crane continues to lift, and at the same time, it flips through the rotating arm and the lifting arm, and then continues to lift to a certain height. The other crane lowers the hook. One crane moves the rear shield, middle shield, and front shield to the wellhead and then lowers the hook; For hoisting the cutter head, two 250T crawler cranes are used for flipping. One crane lifts the lifting ring at the top of the cutter head, and the other crane lifts the lifting ring at the bottom of the cutter head. The two cranes balance-lift the cutter head to a certain height. One crane continues to lift, and at the same time, it flips through the rotating arm and the lifting arm, and then continues to lift to a certain height. The other crane lowers the hook. One crane moves the cutter head to the wellhead, vertically lowers it into the well, and then lowers the hook; Before hoisting and lowering the main machine, a load-bearing structure is built, and the load-bearing structure is removed before assembling the main machine. The load-bearing structure is arranged in the underground area and includes at least four support components. The support components include: Support columns, with widened parts at the top and bottom; Lower support plates, which are detachably connected to the widened parts at the bottom of the support columns by high-strength bolts; Lower support frames, which are padded between the lower support plates and the well bottom surface. The lower support frames are in a cross-shaped structure; Connection columns, which are detachably connected to the widened parts at the top of the support columns by high-strength bolts. The cross-sectional dimension of the connection columns is smaller than that of the support columns; Upper support plates, which are detachably connected to the tops of the connection columns by high-strength bolts. Multiple groups of corbels are also welded between the upper support plates and the connection columns; Jack, whose base is placed above the widened part at the top of the support column and the hydraulic rod vertically abuts against the upper support plate; Upper support frames, which are padded between the upper support plates and the inner top surface of the well bottom space. The upper support frames are in a cross-shaped structure.

2. The hoisting and lowering method for full-face tunnel boring machine according to claim 1, Characterized in that, The main machine assembly includes first assembling the front shield and the middle shield, pushing them towards the tunneling side, pushing the segment erector and the guide rail into the interior of the middle shield and the front shield, assembling the rear shield and the middle shield, aligning the bolt holes of the cutter head with the front shield, pre-tightening the bolts, pushing them towards the tunneling side, and pushing the screw conveyor into the interior of the cutter head, the front shield, the middle shield, and the rear shield.

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