Non-stick coating and preparation method thereof, pot and cooking utensil

Abstract

The present application provides a non-stick coating and a preparation method thereof, a pot and a cooking utensil. The non-stick coating includes: a plurality of sub-coatings, the plurality of sub-coatings are stacked and distributed, and the porosity of the sub-coating located in the upper layer of any two adjacent sub-coatings among the plurality of sub-coatings is greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located in the lower layer. The porosity of the sub-coating on the surface layer is larger, and the oil absorption effect is good, which is conducive to ensuring the non-stick effect. The porosity of the sub-coating on the bottom layer is smaller, and the depth of the non-stick coating is denser, which is conducive to improving the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate and preventing the coating from falling off. Thereby, while ensuring the non-stick effect, the bonding strength of the coating is guaranteed, and the durability of the non-stick effect of the non-stick coating is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of kitchen utensils, and in particular to a non-stick coating, a method for preparing the non-stick coating, a pot and a cooking utensil. Background Art

[0002] At present, in order to ensure the non-stick effect of the cookware, most of the non-stick materials are sprayed on the surface of the cookware to form a non-stick coating, so that the coating has a large porosity to absorb oil and achieve the non-stick effect. However, the existing non-stick coating is very easy to fall off after long-term use, and the non-stick effect is poor in durability. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art or related technology.

[0004] To this end, a first aspect of the present application is to provide a non-stick coating.

[0005] The second aspect of the present application is to provide a method for preparing a non-stick coating.

[0006] The third aspect of the present application is to provide a cooker.

[0007] A fourth aspect of the present application is to provide a cooking utensil.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the first aspect embodiment of the present application provides a non-stick coating, which includes: multiple sub-coatings, the multiple sub-coatings are stacked and distributed, and in any two adjacent sub-coatings among the multiple sub-coatings, the porosity of the sub-coating located in the upper layer is greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located in the lower layer.

[0009] The non-stick coating provided by the embodiment of this aspect includes a plurality of stacked sub-coatings, so that the porosity of the sub-coating located in the upper layer is greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located in the lower layer. The porosity of the sub-coating in the surface layer is larger, and the oil absorption effect is good, which is conducive to ensuring the non-stick effect. The porosity of the sub-coating in the bottom layer is smaller, and the depth of the non-stick coating is more dense, which is conducive to improving the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate and preventing the coating from falling off. Thus, while ensuring the non-stick effect, the bonding strength of the coating is guaranteed, and the durability of the non-stick effect of the non-stick coating is improved.

[0010] In addition, the non-stick coating provided in the above embodiments of the present application may also have the following additional technical features:

[0011] In some embodiments, the plurality of sub-coating layers include a first sub-coating layer located on the surface layer. Further, the porosity of the first sub-coating layer ranges from 10% to 15%.

[0012] If the porosity of the first sub-coating is too large, the coating structure will be too loose, the strength will be low and it will be easy to wear. If the porosity of the first sub-coating is too small, the oil absorption effect will be poor and the non-stick effect will be poor. Therefore, in these embodiments, the porosity of the first sub-coating located on the surface layer is between 10% and 15%, which can ensure the oil absorption effect while ensuring the structural strength of the first sub-coating and the wear resistance of the first sub-coating, thereby ensuring the non-stick durability of the non-stick coating.

[0013] In some embodiments, the plurality of sub-coatings further comprises a second sub-coating located at the bottom layer. Since the porosity of the second sub-coating is less than that of the first sub-coating, the second sub-coating is connected to the substrate with good bonding strength, which can effectively reduce the risk of coating shedding and improve the durability of the non-stick effect of the non-stick coating.

[0014] Furthermore, the porosity of the second sub-coating layer is in the range of 0-5%. The porosity of the second sub-coating layer located at the bottom layer is between 0-5%, and the coating has a compact structure, high strength, and good bonding strength with the substrate.

[0015] In some embodiments, the plurality of sub-coatings further include a third sub-coating located in the middle layer. Since the porosity of the sub-coating located in the upper layer is greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located in the lower layer in any two adjacent sub-coatings, the porosity of the third sub-coating will be less than the porosity of the first sub-coating and greater than the porosity of the second sub-coating. The third sub-coating, as an intermediate transition layer, can play a good transition role, and its structural strength is between the surface layer and the bottom layer, so as to avoid the first sub-coating located in the surface layer and the second sub-coating located in the bottom layer from increasing the coating stress and generating new cracks due to too large structural differences when heated.

[0016] Furthermore, the porosity of the third sub-coating is in the range of 5% to 10%. When the porosity of the first sub-coating is in the range of 10% to 15% and the porosity of the second sub-coating is in the range of 0% to 5%, it is beneficial to ensure that the structural strength of the third sub-coating is between the first sub-coating and the second sub-coating, and to ensure the bonding strength between the multiple sub-coatings.

[0017] In some embodiments, the first sub-coating layer has a thickness ranging from 100 μm to 150 μm.

[0018] The first sub-coating located on the surface has a large porosity. If the first sub-coating is too thick, it will account for a large proportion of the overall thickness of the non-stick coating, which will affect the strength of the first sub-coating. If the first sub-coating is too thin, the oil absorption effect will be reduced. Therefore, the thickness of the first sub-coating is between 100μm and 150μm, which can ensure the non-stick effect of the first sub-coating while ensuring the strength and wear resistance of the first sub-coating, and prevent the first sub-coating from being worn or falling off.

[0019] In some embodiments, the second sub-coating layer has a thickness ranging from 100 μm to 300 μm.

[0020] As the bottom layer of the non-stick coating, if the second sub-coating is too thin, it will affect the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate. If it is too thick, it will increase the thickness and weight of the non-stick coating as a whole, resulting in reduced preparation efficiency of the non-stick coating and increased preparation cost. Therefore, in these embodiments, the thickness of the second sub-coating is between 100 μm and 300 μm, which has good bonding strength with the substrate, ensures that the thickness and weight of the non-stick coating are moderate, ensures that the non-stick coating has high preparation efficiency, and reduces production costs.

[0021] In some embodiments, the third sub-coating layer has a thickness ranging from 250 μm to 300 μm.

[0022] The third sub-coating layer is an intermediate transition layer between the surface layer and the bottom layer of the non-stick coating. If it is too thin, it will affect the bonding strength with the surface layer and the bottom layer. If it is too thick, it will increase the thickness and weight of the non-stick coating as a whole, resulting in a decrease in the preparation efficiency of the non-stick coating and an increase in the preparation cost. Therefore, in these embodiments, the thickness of the third sub-coating layer is between 250 μm and 300 μm, which is conducive to the stable combination of the first sub-coating layer located on the surface layer and the second sub-coating layer located on the bottom layer, avoiding the non-stick coating from falling off and affecting the non-stick durability, and can also ensure that the thickness and weight of the non-stick coating are moderate, ensuring that the non-stick coating has a high preparation efficiency and reducing the production cost.

[0023] In some embodiments, the non-stick coating is constructed from amorphous alloy powder.

[0024] Amorphous alloys have the characteristics of long-range disorder and short-range order in amorphous structures. Compared with non-stick materials in related technologies, such as fluorine coatings, ceramic coatings and silicone resins, they have lower surface energy, can produce non-stick effects, and have better non-stick effects. In addition, amorphous alloys do not have structural defects such as grain boundaries, twins, lattice defects, dislocations, stacking faults, etc. like crystalline alloys, and do not have heterogeneous phases, precipitates, segregation, and other component fluctuations. It is a chaotic disordered structure with a high degree of chemical uniformity. When subjected to external forces, there is no plastic deformation such as grain boundary sliding, and it has higher strength. Therefore, in these embodiments, the non-stick coating is constructed of amorphous alloy powder, which can not only improve the non-stick effect of the non-stick coating, but also make the non-stick coating have good wear resistance, thereby improving the non-stick durability of the non-stick coating.

[0025] In some embodiments, the amorphous alloy powder includes at least one of Fe-based amorphous alloy powder, Zr-based amorphous alloy powder, Cu-based amorphous alloy powder, Al-based amorphous alloy powder, Mg-based amorphous alloy powder, Ti-based amorphous alloy powder and equiatomic ratio high entropy amorphous alloy powder. The surface energy is low and the wear resistance is good.

[0026] The second aspect embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing a non-stick coating, comprising the following steps: pretreating the surface of a substrate; controlling a spraying device to perform multi-layer spraying on the surface of the pretreated substrate to form a non-stick coating having multiple sub-coatings in a stacked distribution; wherein, in the process of spraying any two adjacent sub-coatings, the spraying parameters of the sub-coating located on the upper layer are changed compared to the spraying of the sub-coating located on the lower layer, and / or a powder with a larger particle size is selected for spraying, so that the porosity of the sub-coating located on the upper layer is greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located on the lower layer.

[0027] The preparation method of the non-stick coating provided in this aspect is to make the spraying equipment spray the surface of the pretreated substrate in multiple layers, and in the process of spraying the multiple layers of sub-coatings, adjust the spraying parameters and / or select a powder with a larger particle size to cover the previous sub-coating for spraying, so that in any two adjacent sub-coatings, the porosity of the sub-coating located in the upper layer (that is, the sub-coating sprayed later relatively) will be greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located in the lower layer (that is, the sub-coating sprayed preferentially relatively). Thus, after the spraying is completed, a non-stick coating with a large porosity on the surface and a small porosity on the bottom layer can be achieved. The porosity of the sub-coating on the surface is large, and the oil absorption effect is good, which is conducive to ensuring the non-stick effect. The porosity of the sub-coating on the bottom layer is small, and the depth of the non-stick coating is denser, which is conducive to improving the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate and preventing the coating from falling off. Thus, while ensuring the non-stick effect, the bonding strength of the coating can be guaranteed, and the durability of the non-stick effect of the non-stick coating can be improved.

[0028] In some embodiments, the spraying device uses a supersonic flame spraying process for spraying. The step of changing the spraying parameters includes reducing the spraying power. The porosity of the coating is due to the fact that the powder particles are not completely melted when deposited to form the coating, resulting in gaps caused by incomplete adhesion between particles. Reducing the spraying power can reduce the spraying temperature, so that the porosity of the sub-coating located in the upper layer will be greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located in the lower layer.

[0029] In some embodiments, the spraying device uses a supersonic flame spraying process for spraying. The step of changing the spraying parameters includes reducing the propane pressure.

[0030] In some embodiments, the spraying equipment uses a low-pressure plasma spraying process for spraying. The step of changing the spraying parameters includes at least one of reducing the spraying power, reducing the arc current, and increasing the powder feeding speed.

[0031] In some embodiments, the spraying powder is an amorphous alloy powder.

[0032] In some embodiments, the step of pretreating the surface of the substrate includes: cleaning the surface of the substrate; and roughening the surface of the cleaned substrate to make the surface roughness Ra of the substrate range from 5um to 6um. This facilitates the subsequent spraying of the non-stick coating to firmly connect to the substrate, improves the bonding strength between the non-stick coating and the substrate, and thus prevents the coating from falling off and affecting the durability of the non-stick effect.

[0033] A third aspect of the present application provides a cookware, comprising: a cookware base; and a non-stick coating as described in any one of the above technical solutions, wherein the non-stick coating is arranged on the surface of the cookware base.

[0034] The cookware provided in the embodiment of this aspect has the non-stick coating of any of the above technical solutions, and thus has the beneficial effects of any of the above technical solutions, which will not be described in detail here.

[0035] A fourth aspect of the present application provides a cooking utensil, comprising: a pot as described in any one of the above technical solutions.

[0036] The cooking utensil provided in the embodiment of this aspect has the pot of any of the above-mentioned technical solutions, and thus has the beneficial effects of any of the above-mentioned technical solutions, which will not be described one by one here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] The above and other objects and features of the present application will become more apparent through the following description of the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0038] Figure 1 A partial structural schematic diagram of a non-stick coating according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0039] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a non-stick coating according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0040] Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a cooker according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0041] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0042] 110 is a first sub-coating, 120 is a second sub-coating, 130 is a third sub-coating, and 140 is a pot substrate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined Figures 1 to 3 The present invention describes a non-stick coating and a preparation method thereof and a cookware according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0044] However, the present application may be exemplified in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the specific embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this application will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the application to those skilled in the art.

[0045] In this application, the term "plurality" means two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly defined. The term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, which may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] At present, there are three main directions for the realization of non-stick technology: 1) low surface energy of the material itself; 2) forming a hydrophobic and oleophobic surface similar to lotus leaves through microscopic concave-convex structures; 3) using porous oil storage to form a stable oil film, and using oil as an intermediary to achieve non-stick. At present, the main non-stick materials for cookware are fluorine coatings, ceramic coatings and silicone resins. The three are mainly used to prepare non-stick coatings on the inner surface of the pot in the form of spraying to achieve the purpose of non-stick when heating food. Fluorine coatings mainly include PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), PFOA (ammonium perfluorooctanoate), PFA (copolymer of perfluoropropyl perfluorovinyl ether and polytetrafluoroethylene), FEP (polyperfluoroethylene propylene copolymer), ETFE (ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer), etc. The non-stick principle is mainly that fluorine-containing polymers have extremely low surface free energy. Ceramic coatings are mainly silicon-oxygen bonds, and inorganic silicon is the main component of the coating, which mainly forms a nanostructure on the surface of the pot to achieve a non-stick effect. Silicone resin mainly uses its low surface energy to achieve a non-stick effect. Although these three coatings have non-stick effects, they all have obvious defects: the non-stick coating of fluorine coating is not wear-resistant, the coating is easy to fall off, and it cannot be cooked with a shovel, nor can it be cleaned with a steel wool or a scouring pad. It may produce harmful substances when decomposed at high temperatures, and the non-stick property decreases after wear; the non-stick effect of ceramic coating is worse than that of fluorine coating, mainly using silicone oil in the coating system to achieve non-stick, and the long-term non-stick property is not good. Generally, the coating is easy to fall off after 3 to 6 months of use; the non-stick effect of silicone coating is also worse than that of fluorine coating, and the color is easy to turn yellow or gray after contact with high temperature or open flame, and the hardness decreases at high temperature, which is easy to produce "re-sticking" phenomenon. It can be seen that the current non-stick materials generally have the problem of poor long-term non-stick properties.

[0047] Based on the above problems, the first embodiment of the present application provides a non-stick coating. The non-stick coating is constructed of amorphous alloy powder. The non-stick coating includes: a plurality of sub-coatings, the plurality of sub-coatings are stacked and distributed, and in any two adjacent sub-coatings of the plurality of sub-coatings, the porosity of the sub-coating located in the upper layer is greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located in the lower layer.

[0048] Amorphous alloys have the characteristics of long-range disorder and short-range order in amorphous structures. Compared with non-stick materials in related technologies, such as fluorine coatings, ceramic coatings and silicone resins, they have lower surface energy, can produce non-stick effects, and have better non-stick effects. In addition, amorphous alloys do not have structural defects such as grain boundaries, twins, lattice defects, dislocations, and stacking faults like crystalline alloys, and do not have heterogeneous phases, precipitates, segregation, and other component fluctuations. It is a chaotic disordered structure with a high degree of chemical uniformity. When subjected to external forces, there is no plastic deformation such as grain boundary sliding, and it has higher strength. Therefore, making the non-stick coating constructed from amorphous alloy powder can not only improve the non-stick effect of the non-stick coating, but also make the non-stick coating have good wear resistance, thereby improving the non-stick durability of the non-stick coating.

[0049] Amorphous alloy powder may include at least one of Fe-based amorphous alloy powder, Zr-based amorphous alloy powder, Cu-based amorphous alloy powder, Al-based amorphous alloy powder, Mg-based amorphous alloy powder, Ti-based amorphous alloy powder and equiatomic ratio high entropy amorphous alloy powder. The surface energy is low and the wear resistance is good. The main element components of the amorphous alloy powder may include: Fe, Zr, Cu, Al, Mg, Ti, Sn, Ni, Pb, Zn, Nd, Ga, Mo, Hf, Cr, Ca, Y, Si, P, B and C, etc. For example: Zr60-Cu23-Al10-Ni5-Hf2, Zr65-(Ti)-Ni10-Al10-Cu15, Fe-Sn-Pb-PC, Fe80-Cr5-Mo6-B4-Si5, Fe50-Zr20-Cr9-B6-Cu10-Y5, Fe87.4-Si6.7-B2.4-Cr2.7-C0.8 and Fe90-Si7-B3.

[0050] In addition, the non-stick coating includes a plurality of stacked sub-coatings, so that the porosity of the sub-coating located in the upper layer is greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located in the lower layer. The porosity of the sub-coating of the surface layer is large, and the oil absorption effect is good, which is conducive to ensuring the non-stick effect. The porosity of the sub-coating of the bottom layer is small, and the depth of the non-stick coating is denser, which is conducive to improving the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate and preventing the coating from falling off. Thereby, while ensuring the non-stick effect, the bonding strength of the coating is guaranteed, and the non-stick effect durability of the non-stick coating is improved. Moreover, in any two adjacent sub-coatings, the porosity of the sub-coating located in the upper layer is greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located in the lower layer, that is, the porosity of the non-stick coating changes relatively smoothly with depth, rather than a cliff-like decline, especially when the non-stick coating includes three or more sub-coatings, the bonding force between the multiple sub-coatings can be effectively guaranteed, and the sub-coating located in the surface layer and the sub-coating located in the bottom layer are prevented from generating new cracks due to the increase in coating stress due to too large structural differences when heating.

[0051] Figure 1FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a partial structure of a non-stick coating according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the plurality of sub-coating layers include a first sub-coating layer 110 located at the surface layer. Further, the porosity of the first sub-coating layer 110 ranges from 10% to 15%.

[0052] If the porosity of the first sub-coating 110 is too large, the coating structure will be too loose, the strength will be low and it will be easy to wear. If the porosity of the first sub-coating 110 is too small, the oil absorption effect will be poor and the non-stick effect will be poor. Therefore, in these embodiments, the porosity of the first sub-coating 110 located on the surface layer is between 10% and 15%, which can ensure the oil absorption effect while ensuring the structural strength of the first sub-coating 110 and the wear resistance of the first sub-coating 110, thereby ensuring the non-stick durability of the non-stick coating.

[0053] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the multiple sub-coatings also include a second sub-coating 120 located at the bottom layer. Since the porosity of the second sub-coating 120 is less than that of the first sub-coating 110, the second sub-coating 120 is connected to the substrate with good bonding strength, which can effectively reduce the risk of coating shedding and improve the durability of the non-stick effect of the non-stick coating.

[0054] Furthermore, the porosity of the second sub-coating 120 is in the range of 0-5%. When the porosity of the second sub-coating 120 located at the bottom layer is between 0-5%, the coating has a dense structure, high strength, and good bonding strength with the substrate.

[0055] In some embodiments, Figure 1 As shown, the multiple sub-coatings also include a third sub-coating 130 located in the middle layer. Since the porosity of the sub-coating located in the upper layer is greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located in the lower layer in any two adjacent sub-coatings, the porosity of the third sub-coating 130 will be less than the porosity of the first sub-coating 110 and greater than the porosity of the second sub-coating 120. As an intermediate transition layer, the third sub-coating 130 can play a good transition role, and its structural strength is between the surface layer and the bottom layer, so as to avoid the first sub-coating 110 located in the surface layer and the second sub-coating 120 located in the bottom layer from increasing the coating stress and generating new cracks due to too large structural differences when heated.

[0056] Furthermore, the porosity of the third sub-coating 130 is in the range of 5% to 10%. When the porosity of the first sub-coating 110 is in the range of 10% to 15% and the porosity of the second sub-coating 120 is in the range of 0% to 5%, it is beneficial to ensure that the structural strength of the third sub-coating 130 is between the first sub-coating 110 and the second sub-coating 120, and the bonding strength between the multiple sub-coatings is ensured.

[0057] In some embodiments, the first sub-coating layer 110 has a thickness ranging from 100 μm to 150 μm.

[0058] The first sub-coating 110 located on the surface has a large porosity. If the first sub-coating 110 is too thick, it will account for a large proportion of the overall thickness of the non-stick coating, which will affect the strength of the first sub-coating 110. If the first sub-coating 110 is too thin, the oil absorption effect will be reduced. Therefore, the thickness of the first sub-coating 110 is between 100 μm and 150 μm, which can ensure the non-stick effect of the first sub-coating 110 while ensuring the strength and wear resistance of the first sub-coating 110, and prevent the first sub-coating 110 from being worn or falling off.

[0059] In some embodiments, the second sub-coating layer 120 has a thickness ranging from 100 μm to 300 μm.

[0060] The second sub-layer, as the bottom layer of the non-stick coating, will affect the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate if it is too thin, and will increase the thickness and weight of the non-stick coating as a whole if it is too thick, resulting in reduced preparation efficiency of the non-stick coating and increased preparation cost. Therefore, in these embodiments, the thickness of the second sub-coating 120 is set between 100 μm and 300 μm, which has good bonding strength with the substrate, ensures that the thickness and weight of the non-stick coating are moderate, ensures that the non-stick coating has a high preparation efficiency, and reduces production costs.

[0061] In some embodiments, the third sub-coating layer 130 has a thickness ranging from 250 μm to 300 μm.

[0062] The third sub-coating 130 is an intermediate transition layer between the surface layer and the bottom layer of the non-stick coating. If it is too thin, it will affect the bonding strength with the surface layer and the bottom layer. If it is too thick, it will increase the thickness and weight of the non-stick coating as a whole, resulting in a decrease in the preparation efficiency of the non-stick coating and an increase in the preparation cost. Therefore, in these embodiments, the thickness of the third sub-coating 130 is between 250 μm and 300 μm, which is conducive to the stable combination of the first sub-coating 110 located on the surface layer and the second sub-coating 120 located on the bottom layer, avoiding the non-stick coating from falling off and affecting the non-stick durability, and can also ensure that the thickness and weight of the non-stick coating are moderate, ensuring that the non-stick coating has a high preparation efficiency and reducing the production cost.

[0063] It should be noted that in the present application, one or more layers with the same porosity and continuous distribution are referred to as a sub-coating. In the case where the non-stick coating includes three sub-coatings, the third sub-coating 130 is located between the first sub-coating 110 and the second sub-coating 120, and is directly connected to the two. Of course, the non-stick coating may also include more than three sub-coatings. In this case, the non-stick coating may also include a fourth sub-coating, which may be located between the third sub-coating 130 and the first sub-coating 110, or between the third sub-coating 130 and the second sub-coating 120.

[0064] Of course, the non-stick coating can also be made of other powders, such as fluorine coating, ceramic coating, etc., not limited to amorphous alloy powder. It's just that the non-stick coating made of amorphous alloy powder has better effect.

[0065] The following introduces a method for preparing a non-stick coating according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application.

[0066] Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of a method for preparing a non-stick coating according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0067] like Figure 2 As shown, the method for preparing the non-stick coating comprises the following steps:

[0068] S210: pretreatment of the surface of the substrate;

[0069] S220: Control the spraying equipment to perform multi-layer spraying on the surface of the pretreated substrate to form a non-stick coating having a plurality of sub-coatings distributed in a stacked manner; wherein, in the process of spraying any two adjacent sub-coatings, the spraying parameters of the sub-coating located on the upper layer are changed compared to the spraying of the sub-coating located on the lower layer, and / or a powder with a larger particle size is selected for spraying, so that the porosity of the sub-coating located on the upper layer is greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located on the lower layer.

[0070] The preparation method of the non-stick coating provided in this aspect is to make the spraying equipment spray the surface of the pretreated substrate in multiple layers, and in the process of spraying the multiple layers of sub-coatings, change the spraying parameters, and select a larger particle size powder to cover the previous sub-coating for spraying, so that in any two adjacent sub-coatings, the porosity of the sub-coating located in the upper layer (that is, the sub-coating sprayed later relatively) will be greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located in the lower layer (that is, the sub-coating sprayed preferentially relatively). Thus, after the spraying is completed, a non-stick coating with a large porosity on the surface and a small porosity on the bottom layer can be achieved. The porosity of the sub-coating on the surface is large, and the oil absorption effect is good, which is conducive to ensuring the non-stick effect. The porosity of the sub-coating on the bottom layer is small, and the depth of the non-stick coating is made denser, which is conducive to improving the bonding strength between the coating and the substrate and preventing the coating from falling off. Thus, while ensuring the non-stick effect, the bonding strength of the coating can be guaranteed, and the durability of the non-stick effect of the non-stick coating can be improved.

[0071] In some embodiments, the spraying powder is an amorphous alloy powder. Amorphous alloys have the characteristics of long-range disorder and short-range order in amorphous structures. Compared with non-stick materials in related technologies, such as fluorine coatings, ceramic coatings, and silicone resins, they have lower surface energy, can produce a non-stick effect, and the non-stick effect is better. In addition, amorphous alloys do not have structural defects such as grain boundaries, twins, lattice defects, dislocations, and stacking faults like crystalline alloys, and do not have heterogeneous phases, precipitates, segregation, and other component fluctuations. It is a chaotic disordered structure with a high degree of chemical uniformity. When subjected to external forces, there is no plastic deformation such as grain boundary sliding, and it has higher strength. Therefore, making the non-stick coating composed of amorphous alloy powder can not only improve the non-stick effect of the non-stick coating, but also make the non-stick coating have good wear resistance, thereby improving the non-stick durability of the non-stick coating.

[0072] In some embodiments, in step S220, the spraying equipment uses a supersonic flame spraying process for spraying. The step of changing the spraying parameters includes: reducing the spraying power. The porosity of the coating is due to the fact that the powder particles are not completely melted when deposited to form the coating, resulting in gaps caused by incomplete adhesion between particles. Reducing the spraying power can reduce the spraying temperature. Therefore, in the process of spraying multiple layers of sub-coatings, gradually reducing the spraying power can make the porosity of the sub-coating located in the upper layer of any two adjacent sub-coatings greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located in the lower layer.

[0073] In some embodiments, in step S220, the spraying equipment uses a supersonic flame spraying process for spraying. The step of changing the spraying parameters includes reducing the propane pressure.

[0074] In some embodiments, when controlling the spraying equipment to use the supersonic flame spraying process for spraying, the propane pressure is controlled at 0.5-0.7Mpa, the propane flow rate is 65-88L / min, the oxygen pressure is 1-1.2Mpa / L, the oxygen flow rate is 250-300L / min, the powder feeding gas nitrogen is 1.3-1.5Mpa / L, the flow rate is 15-20L / min, the powder feeding speed is 150g / min, the spray gun moving speed is 1mm / s, the substrate rotation speed is 60 rpm, and the spraying distance is 120-150mm.

[0075] In other embodiments, in step S220, the spraying equipment is controlled to use a low-pressure plasma spraying process for spraying. At this time, in order to ensure that the porosity of multiple sub-coatings is different, in addition to power, the spraying distance and the main gas pressure also have an impact on the porosity. Therefore, the plasma flame flow temperature can be adjusted by power, the heating time of the powder in the flame flow can be controlled by the spraying distance and the main gas pressure, and the powder particle size determines the degree of deformation of the powder after absorbing heat, so as to achieve different porosities of multiple sub-coatings.

[0076] Further, the step of changing the spraying parameters may include at least one of reducing the spraying power, reducing the arc current and increasing the powder feeding speed.

[0077] In some embodiments, step S210: the step of pre-treating the surface of the substrate includes: cleaning the surface of the substrate; and roughening the surface of the cleaned substrate to make the surface roughness Ra of the substrate range from 5um to 6um. This facilitates the subsequent spraying of the non-stick coating to firmly connect to the substrate, improves the bonding strength between the non-stick coating and the substrate, and thus prevents the coating from falling off and affecting the durability of the non-stick effect.

[0078] Furthermore, surface cleaning mainly involves removing oil stains and rust. Oil stains can be removed by special solvents or high-temperature flame heating, and rust can be removed by acid etching, sandblasting or grinding.

[0079] Furthermore, after spraying, the coating needs to be post-processed, such as sanding the coating to remove the scum on the surface after spraying. Then the coating needs to be cleaned, for example, by wiping off the dust on the sanded surface with a dry rag and a wet rag respectively, or by using an ultrasonic cleaner to clean it.

[0080] The following describes in detail the preparation methods of the non-stick coatings of some embodiments:

[0081] Embodiment 1:

[0082] In HVOF spraying, the powder particle size remains unchanged and the spraying parameters of different sub-coating areas are changed.

[0083] Amorphous powder: Fe80-Cr5-Mo6-B4-Si5, particle size 400 mesh.

[0084] The bottom low porosity area was HVOF sprayed using the following parameters:

[0085] Propane pressure 0.7Mpa, flow rate 80L / min; oxygen pressure 1.2Mpa / L, 300L / min; powder feeding gas nitrogen: 1.3Mpa / L, flow rate 15L / min; powder feeding speed 150g / min; spray gun moving speed: 1mm / s, pot embryo rotation speed 60 rpm; spraying distance: 150mm.

[0086] The middle layer area was sprayed with HVOF using the following parameters:

[0087] Propane pressure 0.6Mpa, flow rate 80L / min; oxygen pressure 1Mpa / L, 300L / min; powder feeding gas nitrogen: 1.5Mpa / L, flow rate 18L / min; powder feeding speed 150g / min; spray gun moving speed: 1mm / s, pot embryo rotation speed 60 rpm; spraying distance: 120mm.

[0088] The surface area was sprayed with HVOF using the following parameters:

[0089] Propane pressure 0.5Mpa, flow rate 80L / min; oxygen pressure 1Mpa / L, 300L / min; powder feeding gas nitrogen: 1.5Mpa / L, flow rate 18L / min; powder feeding speed 150g / min; spray gun moving speed: 1mm / s, pot embryo rotation speed 60 rpm; spraying distance: 120mm.

[0090] By measuring the porosity of the coating (1% on average for the bottom layer, 1.5% to 2% in the middle area, and 3% on the surface layer), the long-lasting non-stick life span is 50,000 times.

[0091] Embodiment 2:

[0092] In HVOF spraying, the spraying parameters remain unchanged, and different powder particle sizes are used in different sub-coating areas.

[0093] Amorphous powder: Fe80-Cr5-Mo6-B4-Si5.

[0094] The coating was sprayed by HVOF using the following parameters:

[0095] Propane pressure 0.6Mpa, flow rate 80L / min; oxygen pressure 1Mpa / L, 300L / min; powder feeding gas nitrogen: 1.5Mpa / L, flow rate 18L / min; powder feeding speed 150g / min; spray gun moving speed: 1mm / s, pot embryo rotation speed 60 rpm; spraying distance: 120mm

[0096] The bottom layer area uses a powder particle size of 600 mesh;

[0097] The middle area uses powder particle size 400 mesh;

[0098] The surface area uses a powder particle size of 200 mesh;

[0099] By measuring the porosity of the coating (average 0.5% for the bottom layer, 1% to 2% for the middle area, and 5% for the surface layer), the long-lasting non-stick life is 55,000 times.

[0100] Embodiment 3:

[0101] Low-pressure plasma spraying, the powder particle size remains unchanged, and the spraying parameters of different sub-coating areas are changed.

[0102] Amorphous powder: Fe80-Cr5-Mo6-B4-Si5, particle size 400 mesh.

[0103] The bottom low porosity area was sprayed with low pressure plasma using the following parameters:

[0104] The vacuum degree of the spraying chamber is evacuated to 3Pa, and then argon is injected to 6*103Pa, the transfer arc power is 30Kw, the arc current is 800A, the spraying distance is 150mm, the spraying angle is 60°~80°, and the pot body preheating temperature is 250℃. Powder feeding speed: 25g / min; hydrogen pressure: 0.6MPa, flow rate 10L / min. Multiple spraying method is adopted, and the spraying thickness is 45 each time to prevent the coating from overheating.

[0105] The middle layer area was sprayed with low-pressure plasma using the following parameters:

[0106] The vacuum degree of the spraying chamber is evacuated to 3Pa, and then argon is injected to 6*103Pa, the transfer arc power is 30Kw, the arc current is 700A, the spraying distance is 120mm, the spraying angle is 60°~80°, and the pot body preheating temperature is 250℃. Powder feeding speed: 30g / min; hydrogen pressure: 0.5MPa, flow rate 10L / min. Multiple spraying method is adopted, and the spraying thickness is 50um each time to prevent overheating of the coating.

[0107] The surface area was low-pressure plasma sprayed using the following parameters:

[0108] The vacuum degree of the spraying chamber is evacuated to 3Pa, and then argon is injected to 6*103Pa, the transfer arc power is 30Kw, the arc current is 600A, the spraying distance is 120mm, the spraying angle is 60°~80°, and the pot body preheating temperature is 250℃. Powder feeding speed: 35g / min; hydrogen pressure: 0.5MPa, flow rate 9L / min. Multiple spraying method is adopted, and the spraying thickness is 50um each time to prevent overheating of the coating.

[0109] By measuring the porosity of the coating (1% on average for the bottom layer, 2% to 3% in the middle area, and 6% for the surface layer), the long-lasting non-stick life is 46,000 times.

[0110] Embodiment 4:

[0111] In low-pressure plasma spraying, the spraying parameters remain unchanged, and different powder particle sizes are used in different sub-coating areas.

[0112] Amorphous powder: Fe80-Cr5-Mo6-B4-Si5. The coating is sprayed with low-pressure plasma using the following parameters:

[0113] The vacuum degree of the spray chamber is evacuated to 3Pa, and then argon is injected to 6*103Pa, the transfer arc power is 30Kw, the arc current is 800A, the spray distance is 120mm, the spray angle is 60°~80°, and the pot preheating temperature is 250℃. Powder feeding speed: 25g / min; hydrogen pressure: 0.6MPa, flow rate 10L / min. Multiple spraying method is adopted, and the spraying thickness is 50um each time to prevent overheating of the coating.

[0114] The bottom layer area uses a powder particle size of 600 mesh;

[0115] The middle area uses powder particle size 400 mesh;

[0116] The surface area uses a powder particle size of 200 mesh;

[0117] By measuring the porosity of the coating (1% on average for the bottom layer, 3% to 5% in the middle area, and 8% on the surface layer), the long-lasting non-stick life span is 45,000 times.

[0118] Comparative Example 1:

[0119] The parameters of HVOF spraying were not adjusted, and uniform parameters were used to prepare the coating.

[0120] Amorphous powder: Fe80-Cr5-Mo6-B4-Si5, with a powder particle size of 400 mesh;

[0121] The coating was sprayed by HVOF using the following parameters:

[0122] Propane pressure 0.6Mpa, flow rate 80L / min; oxygen pressure 1Mpa / L, 300L / min; powder feeding gas nitrogen: 1.5Mpa / L, flow rate 18L / min; powder feeding speed 150g / min; spray gun moving speed: 1mm / s, pot embryo rotation speed 60 rpm; spraying distance: 120mm.

[0123] By measuring the coating porosity (2% on average for the bottom layer, 5% for the middle area and the surface layer), the long-lasting non-stick life span is 30,000 times.

[0124] Comparative Example 2:

[0125] Low-pressure plasma spraying does not adjust parameters, and uniform parameters are used to prepare the coating.

[0126] Amorphous powder: Fe80-Cr5-Mo6-B4-Si5. Powder size 400 mesh

[0127] The coating was sprayed with low-pressure plasma using the following parameters:

[0128] The vacuum degree of the spray chamber is evacuated to 3Pa, and then argon is injected to 6*103Pa, the transfer arc power is 30Kw, the arc current is 800A, the spray distance is 120mm, the spray angle is 60°~80°, and the pot preheating temperature is 250℃. Powder feeding speed: 25g / min; hydrogen pressure: 0.6MPa, flow rate 10L / min. Multiple spraying method is adopted, and the spraying thickness is 50um each time to prevent overheating of the coating.

[0129] By measuring the coating porosity (3% on average for the bottom layer, 7% for the middle area and the surface layer), the long-lasting non-stick life span is 32,000 times.

[0130] For porosity measurement method:

[0131] Metallographic microscope method was used.

[0132] Sample preparation: The sprayed coating was prepared into 15 mm × 15 mm samples by wire cutting, and then ultrasonically cleaned and dried;

[0133] Place the sample under a metallographic microscope and observe the cut section at a magnification of 800 times. Select an area with uniform structure and clear image to take a photo and save the image;

[0134] Import the saved image into IQ material software, set different contrasts for the pore area and normal tissue, and use the software's built-in function to calculate the percentage of the pore area. That is, the porosity of the sample is obtained.

[0135] Test method for long-lasting non-stick life:

[0136] Refer to the wear test method in 4.3 of GB / T32095.2, and test the non-stickiness of fried eggs every 1000 times. The method of frying eggs refers to 4.2.1 of GB / T32095.2, and the non-stick evaluation method refers to 5.1.1 of GB / T32095.2. Stop the test if the egg is fried for 2000 times at level 3 or the coating is worn through and the bottom is exposed, and record the number of wear times.

[0137] It can be seen from the above embodiments and comparative examples that making the porosity of the upper sub-coating greater than the porosity of the lower sub-coating can ensure the bonding strength of the coating while ensuring the non-stick effect and improve the durability of the non-stick effect of the non-stick coating.

[0138] A third aspect of the present application provides a cookware, comprising: a cookware base 140 ; ​​and a non-stick coating as described in any one of the above embodiments, wherein the non-stick coating is disposed on the surface of the cookware base 140 .

[0139] The cookware provided in the embodiment of this aspect has the non-stick coating of any of the above embodiments, and thus has the beneficial effects of any of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0140] In some embodiments, the non-stick coating is thermally sprayed on the pan base 140. The molding is convenient, and it is beneficial to control the spraying process parameters, such as increasing the power when spraying the bottom layer, high spraying temperature, and using fine powder with good melting state, and reducing the power when spraying the surface layer, using coarse powder, low melting degree, and increased porosity, to achieve sub-coatings with different porosities, thereby ensuring the non-stick effect while ensuring the bonding strength of the coating, and improving the durability of the non-stick effect of the non-stick coating.

[0141] In some embodiments, the pot is a wok, a frying pan, a frying pan, or the like.

[0142] A fourth aspect of the present application provides a cooking utensil, comprising: a pot as in any one of the above embodiments.

[0143] The cooking utensil provided in the embodiment of this aspect has the cookware of any of the above embodiments, and thus has the beneficial effects of any of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0144] In some embodiments, the cooking appliance further comprises a heating element for heating the pot to heat the food in the pot.

[0145] In some embodiments, the cooking appliance is a grill, an electric stew pot, an air fryer, etc.

[0146] The specific implementation methods of the present application are described in detail above. Although some embodiments have been shown and described, those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments may be modified and improved (for example, different features described in different embodiments may be combined) without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents, and these modifications and improvements should also be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A cookware, characterized in that: include: pot base(140); and a non-stick coating, the non-stick coating being arranged on the surface of the pan substrate (140), the non-stick coating comprising: a plurality of sub-coatings, the plurality of sub-coatings being stacked and distributed, and in any two adjacent sub-coatings of the plurality of sub-coatings, the porosity of the sub-coating located in the upper layer is greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located in the lower layer; The non-stick coating is made of amorphous alloy powder.

2. The cookware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multiple sub-coatings include: a first sub-coating (110) located on the surface layer, wherein the porosity of the first sub-coating (110) is in the range of 10% to 15%.

3. The cookware according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multiple sub-coatings further include: a second sub-coating (120) located at the bottom layer, the porosity of the second sub-coating (120) being in the range of 0-5%.

4. The cookware according to claim 3, characterized in that: The multiple sub-coatings further include: a third sub-coating (130) located in the middle layer, the porosity of the third sub-coating (130) being in the range of 5% to 10%.

5. The cookware according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thickness of the first sub-coating (110) is in the range of 100 μm to 150 μm; and / or The thickness of the second sub-coating (120) is in the range of 100 μm to 300 μm and / or The thickness of the third sub-coating layer (130) ranges from 250 μm to 300 μm.

6. The cookware according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amorphous alloy powder includes at least one of Fe-based amorphous alloy powder, Zr-based amorphous alloy powder, Cu-based amorphous alloy powder, Al-based amorphous alloy powder, Mg-based amorphous alloy powder, Ti-based amorphous alloy powder and equiatomic ratio high entropy amorphous alloy powder.

7. A method for preparing a non-stick coating, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Surface pretreatment of the substrate; Controlling the spraying equipment to perform multi-layer spraying on the surface of the pretreated substrate to form a non-stick coating having a plurality of sub-coatings distributed in a stacked manner; In the process of spraying any two adjacent sub-coatings, the spraying parameters of the sub-coating located on the upper layer are changed and / or powder with a larger particle size is selected for spraying compared to the spraying of the sub-coating located on the lower layer, so that the porosity of the sub-coating located on the upper layer is greater than the porosity of the sub-coating located on the lower layer.

8. The method for preparing the non-stick coating according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spraying equipment adopts a supersonic flame spraying process for spraying, and the step of changing the spraying parameters includes reducing the spraying power and / or reducing the propane pressure.

9. The method for preparing the non-stick coating according to claim 7, characterized in that: The spraying equipment adopts a low-pressure plasma spraying process for spraying, and the step of changing the spraying parameters includes at least one of reducing the spraying power, reducing the arc current and increasing the powder feeding speed.

10. The method for preparing a non-stick coating according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The spraying powder is amorphous alloy powder.

11. The method for preparing a non-stick coating according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The step of pre-treating the surface of the substrate comprises: Cleaning the surface of the substrate; The surface of the cleaned substrate is roughened so that the surface roughness Ra of the substrate is in the range of 5um to 6um.

12. A cooking utensil, characterized in that: include: The cookware according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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