A power management method, apparatus and device

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a power management method, device and equipment, which are applied to a multi-battery system connected with an electrical appliance. The multi-battery system can include a power battery pack and a fuel battery pack connected with each other. When the electrical appliance is in an unworking state, the fuel battery can be started to charge the power battery when the state of charge value of the power battery is not high, so as to ensure that the state of charge value of the power battery is in a healthy range and improve the service life of the power battery. When the electrical appliance is in a working state, the fuel battery pack is controlled to provide electric energy to the power battery pack and the electrical appliance based on the requested power, the state of charge value and the output power threshold of the power battery, and the power battery pack is controlled to provide electric energy to the electrical appliance, so as to meet the requested power of the electrical appliance and make the power battery pack store sufficient electric quantity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of power management, in particular to a power management method, device and equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Fuel cell stacks can provide high output power, and currently, range-extended hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are a trend in the development of commercial vehicles. Range-extended hydrogen fuel cell vehicles retain the advantages of power battery vehicles and effectively improve the overall range, and have long-range performance that pure electric vehicles do not have.

[0003] As the range and power requirements of commercial vehicles continue to increase, high-power fuel cell stacks will become a trend in the development of commercial vehicle energy. However, the current range-extended fuel cell stack switches power frequently when charging, which can easily reduce the service life of the fuel cell stack. In addition, the fuel cell stack also frequently intervenes when providing power to the motor, causing unreasonable fuel consumption and low energy utilization of the vehicle. SUMMARY

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a power management method, device and equipment, which solve the technical problems of low service life and high fuel consumption of the existing fuel cell and power battery hybrid system.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a power management method applied to a multi-battery system connected with an electrical appliance, wherein the multi-battery system includes a power battery pack and a fuel cell pack connected with each other, and the method includes:

[0006] When the electrical appliance is in an unworking state, obtaining a state of charge value of the power battery pack, and determining whether to start the fuel cell pack based on the state of charge value;

[0007] When the electrical appliance is in a working state, obtaining a requested power of the electrical appliance, and determining a working state of the fuel cell pack based on the requested power, the state of charge value and an output power threshold of the power battery;

[0008] The working state includes any one of the following: the fuel cell pack simultaneously provides electrical energy to the power battery pack and the electrical appliance; the fuel cell pack only provides electrical energy to the power battery pack; and the fuel cell pack only provides electrical energy to the electrical appliance.

[0009] Optionally, the determining whether to start the fuel cell group based on the state of charge value comprises: if the state of charge value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, not starting the fuel cell group; and if the state of charge value is less than the first preset threshold, starting the fuel cell group.

[0010] Optionally, after the starting the fuel cell group, the method further comprises: controlling the fuel cell group to provide electric energy to the power battery group, so that the power battery group is charged under no load.

[0011] Optionally, the determining the working state of the fuel cell group based on the requested power, the state of charge value and an output power threshold of the power battery comprises: if the state of charge value is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold and the requested power is less than the output power threshold, controlling the fuel cell group to provide electric energy only to the power battery group and controlling the power battery group to provide electric energy to the electric device, so that the power battery group is charged under load; if the state of charge value is less than a second preset threshold, controlling the fuel cell group to provide electric energy only to the electric device; and if the state of charge value is between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold and the requested power is greater than the output power threshold, controlling the fuel cell group to provide electric energy to both the power battery group and the electric device and controlling the power battery group to provide electric energy to the electric device; the first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

[0012] Optionally, the charging the power battery group under load comprises: controlling an actual output power value of the fuel cell group based on the state of charge value; the smaller the state of charge value, the greater the actual output power value of the fuel cell group.

[0013] Optionally, the controlling the actual output power value of the fuel cell group based on the state of charge value comprises: if the state of charge value is less than the second preset threshold, taking a rated output power value of the fuel cell group as the actual output power value of the fuel cell group; if the state of charge value is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, controlling the actual output power value of the fuel cell group to be zero; and if the state of charge value is between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold, controlling the actual output power value of the fuel cell group to be between zero and the rated output power value.

[0014] Optionally, the controlling the actual output power value of the fuel cell group between zero and the rated output power value comprises: if the state of charge value is between the first preset threshold and a third preset threshold, taking a first target power value as the actual output power value of the fuel cell group; if the state of charge value is between the third preset threshold and a fourth preset threshold, taking a second target power value as the actual output power value of the fuel cell group; the third preset threshold is less than the first preset threshold, the fourth preset threshold is less than the third preset threshold, and the first target power value is less than the second target power value.

[0015] Optionally, after the actual output power value of the fuel cell group is controlled to zero, the method further comprises: when it is monitored that the state of charge value of the power battery group decreases to a fifth preset threshold, taking the rated output power value as the actual output power value of the fuel cell group, and recording the number of charging cycles for the power battery once; the fifth preset threshold is less than the second preset threshold.

[0016] Optionally, the fuel cell group comprises a main fuel cell pack and a slave fuel cell pack, and the method further comprises: when the actual output power of the fuel cell group is not zero, controlling the output of the main fuel cell pack at a first actual output power value and controlling the output of the slave fuel cell pack at a second actual output power value; the first actual output power value is greater than the second actual output power value.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a power management device applied to a multi-battery system, the multi-battery system being connected with an electrical appliance, the multi-battery system comprising a power battery group and a fuel cell group connected with each other, and the device comprising:

[0018] a static management unit configured to acquire a state of charge value of the power battery group when the electrical appliance is in an idle state, and determine whether to start the fuel cell group based on the state of charge value;

[0019] a dynamic management unit configured to acquire a requested power of the electrical appliance when the electrical appliance is in a working state, and determine a working state of the fuel cell group based on the requested power, the state of charge value and an output power threshold of the power battery;

[0020] The working state comprises any one of the following: the fuel cell group simultaneously provides electric energy to the power battery group and the electrical appliance; the fuel cell group only provides electric energy to the power battery group; and the fuel cell group only provides electric energy to the electrical appliance.

[0021] Optionally, the static management unit is specifically used to: not start the fuel cell stack when the state of charge value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold; and start the fuel cell stack when the state of charge value is less than the first preset threshold.

[0022] Optionally, the device further includes a charging control unit, configured to control the fuel cell stack to provide electrical energy to the power battery pack after the fuel cell stack is started, so that the power battery pack can be charged under no-load conditions.

[0023] Optionally, the dynamic control unit includes:

[0024] The first control subunit is configured to control the fuel cell stack to supply electrical energy only to the power battery stack when the state of charge value is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold and the requested power is less than the output power threshold, and to control the power battery stack to supply electrical energy to the electrical appliance so that the power battery stack can be charged under load.

[0025] The second control subunit is used to control the fuel cell stack to supply electrical energy only to the electrical appliance when the state of charge value is less than the second preset threshold.

[0026] The third control subunit is configured to control the fuel cell stack to simultaneously supply electrical energy to the power battery stack and the electrical appliance, and to control the power battery stack to supply electrical energy to the electrical appliance, when the state of charge value is between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold, and the requested power is greater than the output power threshold; the first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

[0027] Optionally, the first control subunit is specifically used to: control the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack based on the state of charge value; the smaller the state of charge value, the greater the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack.

[0028] Thirdly, through one embodiment of the present invention, a power management device is provided, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement any of the embodiments in the first aspect.

[0029] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0030] The power management method provided in this invention can be applied to multi-battery systems connected to useful electrical appliances. These systems may include interconnected power battery packs and fuel cell stacks. By acquiring the state of charge (SOC) value of the power battery pack when the electrical appliances are not in operation, and determining whether to start the fuel cell stack based on the SOC value, the fuel cell can be started to charge the power battery when its SOC value is low. This ensures that the SOC value of the power battery remains within a healthy range, thereby improving the battery's lifespan.

[0031] By acquiring the power request of an electrical appliance when it is in operation, and based on the requested power, state of charge (SOC), and the output power threshold of the power battery, the system controls the fuel cell stack to simultaneously supply power to both the power battery and the appliance, and also controls the power battery to supply power to the appliance. This satisfies the appliance's power request while ensuring the power battery stores sufficient charge. Alternatively, the system can control the power battery to supply power to the appliance, and control the fuel cell stack to supply power only to the power battery, ensuring the power battery's charge doesn't become too low and protecting its lifespan. Finally, the system can control the fuel cell stack to supply power only to the appliance, maximizing the fulfillment of the appliance's power request and avoiding overload charging of the power battery. Attached Figure Description

[0032] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a new energy vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the power management method in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydrogen supply system and oxygen supply system of the fuel cell stack in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power management device structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the power management device structure in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] This invention provides a power management method, apparatus, and device that solves the technical problems of low lifespan and high fuel consumption in existing fuel cell and power battery hybrid systems. It avoids the fuel cell stack frequently supplying power to electrical appliances, effectively improving the fuel utilization rate and service life of the fuel cell and power battery hybrid system.

[0039] The technical solution provided by the embodiments of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and the general idea is as follows:

[0040] By acquiring the state of charge (SOC) value of the power battery pack when the electrical appliance is not in operation, and determining whether to start the fuel cell pack based on the SOC value, the fuel cell can be started to charge the power battery when the SOC value is low, ensuring that the SOC value of the power battery is within a healthy range and improving the service life of the power battery.

[0041] By acquiring the power request of the appliance when it is in operation, and based on the power request, state of charge value, and power output threshold of the power battery, the fuel cell stack is controlled to simultaneously supply power to the power battery stack and the appliance, and the power battery stack is controlled to supply power to the appliance. This satisfies the power request of the appliance and ensures that the power battery stack stores sufficient power.

[0042] Alternatively, the power battery pack can be controlled to supply power to electrical appliances, and the fuel cell stack can be controlled to supply power only to the power battery pack. This avoids the fuel cell stack frequently supplying power to electrical appliances, ensures that the power battery pack's charge does not become too low, and protects the lifespan of the power battery pack. Alternatively, the fuel cell stack can be controlled to supply power only to electrical appliances, meeting the power demand of the appliances as much as possible and avoiding the power battery pack from charging under load.

[0043] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0044] First, it should be clarified that the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0045] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0046] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a power management method through an embodiment of the present invention, which can be applied to a multi-battery system connected to useful electrical appliances. The multi-battery system includes interconnected power battery packs and fuel cell packs.

[0047] Specifically, the fuel cell stack can be a hydrogen fuel cell stack, and this multi-battery system can be installed in a new energy vehicle to provide electrical power to the electrical appliances in the vehicle. These electrical appliances may include a drive motor.

[0048] For specific implementation details, please refer to the following: Figure 1 As shown, the new energy vehicle can be equipped with a drive motor system 100, a fuel cell stack 200, a power battery pack 300, and a vehicle controller 400. The drive motor system 100 may include a drive motor controller 101 (Motor Control Unit, MCU), an inverter 102, a drive motor 103, a clutch (not shown), and a reducer (not shown).

[0049] The drive motor controller 101 is electrically connected to the inverter 102, and the drive motor 103 is also electrically connected to the inverter 102. The drive motor 103 is mechanically connected to the reducer via a clutch. The reducer of the drive motor system is connected to the drive axle through a mechanical transmission structure, driving the wheels to rotate. The clutch of the drive motor system enables the coupling or decoupling of the drive motor and the drive axle.

[0050] The fuel cell stack 200 may include a fuel supply subsystem 201, an oxygen supply subsystem 202, a fuel cell stack 203, a step-up DC transformer 204, a fuel cell controller 205, and a thermal management subsystem (not shown).

[0051] Both the fuel supply subsystem 201 and the oxygen supply subsystem 202 are connected to the fuel stack 203 to supply fuel and oxygen to the fuel stack 203, thereby converting the energy from the chemical reaction of fuel and oxygen into electrical energy.

[0052] The fuel cell stack 203 is electrically connected to the fuel cell controller 205, which receives control commands from the vehicle controller 400 to control the response of the fuel cell stack 203. The fuel cell stack 203 transmits the generated electrical energy to the inverter 102 via a step-up DC transformer 204, thereby charging the battery pack 300 or providing power to the drive motor system 100 under certain special operating conditions. The thermal management subsystem controls the temperature of the fuel cell stack 203 to ensure it operates within an optimal temperature range, thereby improving fuel utilization.

[0053] The vehicle controller 400 serves as the control center and communicates with the drive motor controller 101, the step-up DC transformer 204, the fuel cell controller 205, the power battery pack 300, and the OBC (On Board Charger) via the CAN (Controller Area Network) bus.

[0054] In specific implementation, the power battery pack 300 may include an interconnected power battery pack and a power battery controller, wherein the power battery pack may be a power battery that supports simultaneous charging and discharging.

[0055] Please see as follows Figure 2 As shown, the power management method described above may include the following steps S1 to S2:

[0056] Step S1: When the electrical appliance is not in operation, obtain the state of charge value of the power battery pack, and determine whether to start the fuel cell pack based on the state of charge value.

[0057] Specifically, when an electrical appliance is in an inactive state, it indicates that the appliance has no need for electricity. This is generally the starting phase of a new energy vehicle. When the driver presses the start button for the first time, the low-voltage system and all controllers of the vehicle are powered on. When the driver presses the start button again, the vehicle enters the high-voltage power-on phase. At this time, the state of charge value of the power battery can be obtained through the power battery pack controller.

[0058] Regarding how to determine whether to start the fuel cell stack based on the state of charge value, specifically, the fuel cell stack can be not started when the state of charge value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold; and the fuel cell stack can be started when the state of charge value is less than the first preset threshold.

[0059] In the specific implementation process, the first preset threshold can be determined according to the actual application scenario of the power battery pack. For example, if it is necessary to ensure the performance of the power battery pack as much as possible, the first preset threshold can be set to a larger value.

[0060] In some implementations, the first preset threshold can be set to 90%. Correspondingly, when the state of charge (SOC) of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 90%, the fuel cell stack is not started; instead, the battery pack is controlled to provide power for starting electrical appliances. When the SOC of the battery pack is less than 90%, the fuel cell stack is started, so that it can generate electricity at any time.

[0061] In some alternative implementations, after the fuel cell stack is started, it can also be controlled to supply electrical energy to the power battery stack so that the power battery stack can be charged under no-load conditions. This keeps the state of charge of the power battery stack within a healthy range and prevents the power battery stack from being in a state of long-term undercharge, effectively improving the service life of the power battery stack.

[0062] Of course, when the state of charge of the power battery pack is 100%, the fuel cell pack can be controlled to stop supplying power to the power battery pack to prevent overcharging, and at the same time, the fuel cell pack can be controlled to stop reacting.

[0063] Step S2: When the appliance is in working condition, obtain the requested power of the appliance, and determine the working condition of the fuel cell stack based on the requested power, the state of charge value and the output power threshold of the power battery.

[0064] The operating state can include any of the following: the fuel cell stack simultaneously supplies power to both the battery pack and the electrical appliances; the fuel cell stack only supplies power to the battery pack; or the fuel cell stack only supplies power to the electrical appliances.

[0065] Specifically, when an electrical appliance is in operation, it indicates that the appliance has a power demand. This is generally the case when a new energy vehicle is in motion, and the requested power of the appliance can be obtained through the vehicle controller.

[0066] In practice, the requested power of electrical appliances can be calculated based on user requests received by the vehicle controller. These user requests may include the user pressing the accelerator pedal or providing voice instructions regarding driving.

[0067] For example, if a user gradually presses down the accelerator pedal, the vehicle controller can record the accelerator pedal opening and calculate the power demand of the electrical appliances corresponding to that accelerator pedal opening.

[0068] Regarding how to determine the operating state of the fuel cell stack, specifically, if the state of charge value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, and the requested power is less than the output power threshold, then the fuel cell stack is controlled to supply electrical energy only to the power battery pack, so that the power battery pack can perform load charging. The first preset threshold is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0069] In the specific implementation process, when the state of charge value is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold and the requested power is less than the output power threshold, the power battery pack is prioritized to provide electrical energy to the electrical appliances. At the same time, the fuel cell pack is controlled to only provide electrical energy to the power battery pack, so that the power battery pack is charged under load, thereby replenishing the electrical energy lost by the power battery pack.

[0070] To enable on-load charging of the power battery pack, the actual output power of the fuel cell stack can be controlled based on its state of charge (SOC). Specifically, the lower the SOC of the power battery pack, the higher the actual output power of the fuel cell stack.

[0071] Regarding how to control the actual output power of the fuel cell stack based on the state of charge value, specifically, if the state of charge value is less than a second preset threshold, the rated output power value of the fuel cell stack is used as the actual output power value for controlling the fuel cell stack.

[0072] In practice, the second preset threshold can also be determined according to the actual application scenario of the power battery pack. For example, if it is necessary to extend the service life of the power battery pack as much as possible, the second preset threshold can be set to a larger value to avoid the power battery pack being in a low charge state for a long time.

[0073] In some implementations, the second preset threshold can be set to 30%. Correspondingly, when the state of charge of the power battery pack is less than 30%, the fuel cell pack is started at rated output power, thereby charging the power battery pack more quickly through the fuel cell pack and reducing the time the power battery pack is in a low charge state.

[0074] In practical implementation, the rated output power of the fuel cell stack can be the maximum output power of the fuel cell stack under normal operating conditions. Controlling the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack according to the rated output power can ensure the service life of the fuel cell.

[0075] Regarding how to control the actual output power of the fuel cell stack based on the state of charge value, specifically, if the state of charge value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold, the actual output power of the fuel cell stack is controlled to be zero.

[0076] In practical implementation, the first preset threshold can be set to 90%. Correspondingly, when the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery pack is greater than or equal to 90%, the actual output power of the fuel cell pack is controlled to zero. Because the power battery pack has a high SOC at this point, it can provide the electrical appliances with the necessary power for operation, avoiding the fuel cell pack from consuming fuel and reducing its operating time, thus extending its lifespan.

[0077] Regarding how to control the actual output power of a fuel cell stack based on its state of charge (SOC) value, specifically, if the SOC value is between a first preset threshold and a second preset threshold, the actual output power of the fuel cell stack is controlled to be between zero and the rated output power value.

[0078] When the state of charge value is between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold, specifically, if the state of charge value is between the first preset threshold and the third preset threshold, then the first target power value is used as the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack.

[0079] In practice, the third preset threshold is less than the first preset threshold. The third preset threshold can be set according to the actual application scenario. The larger the third preset threshold, the more precise the control over the actual output power of the fuel cell stack. The first target power value is greater than zero and less than the rated output power. The first target power value can be set according to the size of the third preset threshold. The larger the third preset threshold, the smaller the first target power value.

[0080] For example, if the third preset threshold is set to 70% and the first preset threshold is 90%, when the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery pack is detected to be between 70% and 90%, the actual output power of the fuel cell pack can be set to 20% of the rated output power. If the third preset threshold is set to 80% and the first preset threshold is 90%, when the SOC of the power battery pack is detected to be between 80% and 90%, the actual output power of the fuel cell pack can be set to 10% of the rated output power.

[0081] When the state of charge value is between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold, specifically, if the state of charge value is between the third preset threshold and the fourth preset threshold, the second target power value is used as the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack.

[0082] Similarly, the fourth preset threshold is less than the third preset threshold. The fourth preset threshold can also be set according to the actual application scenario. The larger the fourth preset threshold, the more precise the control over the actual output power of the fuel cell stack. The second target power value is greater than the first target power value but less than the rated output power. The second target power value can be set according to the size of the fourth preset threshold. The larger the fourth preset threshold, the smaller the second target power value.

[0083] For example, if the fourth preset threshold is set to 60% and the third preset threshold is 70%, when the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery pack is detected to be between 60% and 70%, the actual output power of the fuel cell pack can be set to 40% of the rated output power. If the fourth preset threshold is set to 65% and the third preset threshold is 70%, when the SOC of the power battery pack is detected to be between 65% and 70%, the actual output power of the fuel cell pack can be set to 30% of the rated output power.

[0084] It should be noted that, in order to more precisely control the actual output power of the fuel cell stack during the process of controlling the actual output power of the fuel cell stack, more thresholds can be set between the fourth preset threshold and the second preset threshold, so as to further control the actual output power of the fuel cell stack based on more different states of charge values ​​of the power battery stack.

[0085] The more thresholds there are between the fourth preset threshold and the second preset threshold, the more precise the control over the actual output power of the fuel cell stack. The state of charge of the power battery stack is inversely proportional to the actual output power of the fuel cell stack.

[0086] For example, a threshold can be set between the fourth preset threshold and the second preset threshold. If this threshold is 40% and the fourth preset threshold is 60%, then when the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery pack is detected to be between 40% and 60%, the actual output power of the fuel cell pack can be set to 60% of the rated output power. Alternatively, if this threshold is set to 40% and the second preset threshold is 30%, then when the SOC of the power battery pack is detected to be between 30% and 40%, the actual output power of the fuel cell pack can be set to 80% of the rated output power.

[0087] Regarding how to determine the operating status of the fuel cell stack, specifically, if the state of charge value of the power battery stack is less than a second preset threshold, the fuel cell stack is controlled to only provide electrical energy to the electrical appliances.

[0088] In practice, when the state of charge value is detected to be less than the second preset threshold and the requested power is detected to be less than the actual output power of the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack can be controlled to supply power to electrical appliances only in order to protect the power battery and prevent the power battery stack from discharging under low state of charge.

[0089] Of course, it is understandable that when the detected state of charge value is less than the second preset threshold and the detected requested power is less than the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack, since the fuel cell stack still has the ability to output additional electrical energy, it can also control the fuel cell stack to charge the power battery to replenish the state of charge value of the power battery stack.

[0090] In addition, there is a special case where, even if the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery pack is lower than the second preset threshold, the electrical appliance still has a high power demand. For example, during the overtaking process of a new energy vehicle, even if the SOC of the power battery pack is low, the drive motor still has a significant power demand. Correspondingly, if the SOC is detected to be lower than the second preset threshold, and the requested power is detected to be greater than the actual output power of the fuel cell stack, the power battery pack and the fuel cell stack can be controlled to simultaneously provide power to the electrical appliance until the requested power is again detected to be less than the actual output power of the fuel cell stack, at which point the power battery pack will stop providing power to the electrical appliance.

[0091] Regarding how to determine the working state of the fuel cell stack, specifically, if the state of charge value of the power battery stack is between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold, and the requested power is greater than the output power threshold, then the fuel cell stack is controlled to simultaneously provide electrical energy to the power battery stack and the electrical appliances.

[0092] In the specific implementation process, when the state of charge value is detected to be between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold, and the requested power is detected to be greater than the output power threshold of the power battery pack, the power battery alone is no longer able to provide enough electrical energy to the electrical appliance. Therefore, the fuel cell pack and the power battery pack can be controlled to jointly provide electrical energy to the electrical appliance to meet the requested power of the electrical appliance.

[0093] During the charging process of the power battery pack under load, when the state of charge of the power battery pack is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, the fuel cell pack can be controlled to stop working. However, as the power energy of the power battery pack is continuously consumed, the state of charge of the power battery pack will fall below the first preset threshold again, which will cause the fuel cell pack to restart, causing the fuel cell pack to frequently switch between the start-up state and the shutdown state.

[0094] To avoid frequent switching between start-up and shutdown states of the fuel cell stack, after controlling the actual output power of the fuel cell stack to zero, the rated output power value can be used as the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack when the state of charge value of the power battery stack decreases to a fifth preset threshold, and the number of charging cycles for the power battery is recorded. The fifth preset threshold is less than the second preset threshold.

[0095] In the specific implementation process, the fifth preset threshold can be determined according to the actual application scenario of the power battery pack. In some implementations, the fifth preset threshold can be set to 25%.

[0096] To facilitate understanding of the above-described process of charging the power battery pack under load, the following is a brief explanation using the following preset thresholds: 90% for the first preset threshold, 30% for the second, 70% for the third, 60% for the fourth, and 25% for the fifth. A 40% threshold is set between the third and fourth preset thresholds. The first target power value is 20% of the rated output power value, and the second target power value is 40% of the rated output power value.

[0097] Phase 1: When the state of charge of the power battery pack is detected to be less than 30%, the fuel cell stack is controlled to operate at 100% of its rated output power to charge the power battery pack.

[0098] The second stage: When the state of charge of the power battery pack is detected to be 30%, the fuel cell pack is controlled to operate at 80% of the rated output power to charge the power battery pack. If the state of charge of the power battery pack drops to 25% at this time, the fuel cell pack is controlled to operate at 100% of the rated output power to charge the power battery pack again.

[0099] The third stage: When the state of charge of the power battery pack is detected to be 40%, the fuel cell pack is controlled to operate at 60% of the rated output power to charge the power battery pack. If the state of charge of the power battery pack drops to 30% at this time, the fuel cell pack is controlled to operate at 80% of the rated output power to charge the power battery pack.

[0100] Fourth stage: When the state of charge of the power battery pack is detected to be 60%, the fuel cell pack is controlled to operate at 40% of the rated output power to charge the power battery pack. If the state of charge of the power battery pack drops to 40% at this time, the fuel cell pack is controlled to operate at 60% of the rated output power to charge the power battery pack again.

[0101] Fifth stage: When the state of charge of the power battery pack is detected to be 70%, the fuel cell pack is controlled to operate at 20% of the rated output power to charge the power battery pack. If the state of charge of the power battery pack drops to 60% at this time, the fuel cell pack is controlled to operate at 40% of the rated output power to charge the power battery pack.

[0102] Stage 6: When the state of charge of the power battery pack is detected to be 90%, the fuel cell pack is controlled to stop operating and no longer consume fuel to generate electricity. If the state of charge of the power battery pack drops to 25% at this time, the fuel cell pack is controlled to operate at the rated output power value to charge the power battery pack.

[0103] Once the above six stages are completed, it can be determined that one cycle has been completed, and one charging cycle can be accumulated.

[0104] As an optional implementation, the fuel cell stack may include a main fuel cell stack and a slave fuel cell stack. Correspondingly, the power management method may further include: when the actual output power of the fuel cell stack is not zero, controlling the output of the main fuel cell stack with a first actual output power value and controlling the output of the slave fuel cell stack with a second actual output power value. Wherein, the first actual output power value is greater than the second actual output power value.

[0105] In practical implementation, the main fuel cell pack acts as the master system, while the slave fuel cell packs act as slave systems. The main fuel cell pack receives commands from the vehicle controller and controls the slave fuel cell packs to respond accordingly, such as controlling their on / off switching and power output. When the main fuel cell pack fails, the slave fuel cell packs can take over, thereby enhancing the overall reliability of the fuel cell stack.

[0106] In some alternative implementations, a first actual output power value and a second actual output power value can be determined based on the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack. The difference between the first actual output power value and the second actual output power value can be a constant value, or the difference can be proportional to the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack.

[0107] For example, if the actual output power of the fuel cell stack is 200kW, then the first actual output power value can be set to 120kW and the second actual output power value can be set to 80kW; if the actual output power of the fuel cell stack is 160kW, then the first actual output power value can be set to 100kW and the second actual output power value can be set to 60kW; if the actual output power of the fuel cell stack is 120kW, then the first actual output power value can be set to 80kW and the second actual output power value can be set to 40kW; if the actual output power of the fuel cell stack is 80kW, then the first actual output power value can be set to 60kW and the second actual output power value can be set to 20kW; if the actual output power of the fuel cell stack is 40kW, then the first actual output power value can be set to 40kW and the second actual output power value can be set to 0kW.

[0108] In some alternative implementations, the fuel for both the main fuel cell pack and the slave fuel cell pack can be hydrogen. Correspondingly, the hydrogen supply system and oxygen supply system can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 3As shown, the hydrogen supply system employs a parallel configuration of a hydrogen pump and an ejector. The hydrogen supply system includes: a hydrogen inlet valve 301, a proportional valve 302, a hydrogen pump 303, an ejector 304, a gas-liquid separator 305, and a hydrogen discharge and drain valve 306. The oxygen supply system includes: an air filter 307, an air flow meter 308, an air compressor 309, an intercooler 310, a drain shut-off valve 311, a humidifier 312, a back pressure valve 313, and an exhaust and drain tank 314.

[0109] Secondly, based on the same inventive concept, the present invention provides a power management device through an embodiment of the present invention, which can be applied to a multi-battery system connected to useful electrical appliances. The multi-battery system includes interconnected power battery packs and fuel cell packs.

[0110] Please see as follows Figure 4 As shown, the power management device may include:

[0111] The static management unit 401 is used to acquire the state of charge value of the power battery pack when the electrical appliance is not in operation, and to determine whether to start the fuel cell pack based on the state of charge value.

[0112] The dynamic management unit 402 is used to acquire the requested power of the electrical appliance when the appliance is in operation, and to determine the operating status of the fuel cell stack based on the requested power, the state of charge value and the output power threshold of the power battery.

[0113] Specifically, the operating states include any of the following: the fuel cell stack simultaneously supplies power to both the battery pack and the electrical appliances; the fuel cell stack only supplies power to the battery pack; or the fuel cell stack only supplies power to the electrical appliances.

[0114] As an optional implementation, the static management unit 401 is specifically used to: not start the fuel cell stack when the state of charge value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold; and start the fuel cell stack when the state of charge value is less than the first preset threshold.

[0115] As an optional implementation, the device further includes a charging control unit 403, which controls the fuel cell stack to provide electrical energy to the power battery stack after the fuel cell stack is started, so that the power battery stack can be charged under no-load conditions.

[0116] As an optional implementation, the dynamic control unit 402 includes:

[0117] The first control subunit is used to control the fuel cell stack to supply electrical energy only to the power battery stack when the state of charge value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold and the requested power is less than the output power threshold, so that the power battery stack can be charged under load.

[0118] The second control subunit is used to control the fuel cell stack to only supply electrical energy to electrical appliances when the state of charge value is less than the second preset threshold.

[0119] The third control subunit is used to control the fuel cell stack to simultaneously supply electrical energy to the power battery stack and the electrical appliances when the state of charge value is between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold, and the requested power is greater than the output power threshold; the first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

[0120] As an optional implementation, the first control subunit is specifically used to: control the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack based on the state of charge value; the smaller the state of charge value, the greater the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack.

[0121] Specifically, if the state of charge (SOC) value is less than the second preset threshold, the rated output power value of the fuel cell stack is used as the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack; if the SOC value is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack is controlled to be zero; if the SOC value is between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold, the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack is controlled to be between zero and the rated output power value.

[0122] Specifically, to control the actual output power of the fuel cell stack to be between zero and the rated output power, if the state of charge value is between the first preset threshold and the third preset threshold, then the first target power value is used as the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack; if the state of charge value is between the third preset threshold and the fourth preset threshold, then the second target power value is used as the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack; the third preset threshold is less than the first preset threshold, the fourth preset threshold is less than the third preset threshold, and the first target power value is less than the second target power value.

[0123] As an optional implementation, the power management device described above may further include:

[0124] The delayed switching control unit 404 is used to, when the state of charge value of the power battery pack decreases to a fifth preset threshold, use the rated output power value as the actual output power value for controlling the fuel cell pack, and record the number of charging cycles for the power battery. Specifically, the fifth preset threshold is less than the second preset threshold.

[0125] As an optional implementation, if the fuel cell stack includes a main fuel cell pack and slave fuel cell packs, the aforementioned power management device may further include:

[0126] The fuel cell control unit 405 is used to control the output of the main fuel cell pack with a first actual output power value and to control the output of the slave fuel cell pack with a second actual output power value when the actual output power of the fuel cell pack is not zero. Specifically, the first actual output power value is greater than the second actual output power value.

[0127] Since the power management device described in this embodiment is an electronic device used to implement the power management method in this embodiment of the invention, those skilled in the art can understand the specific implementation methods and various variations of the electronic device in this embodiment based on the power management method described in this embodiment of the invention. Therefore, how the electronic device implements the method in this embodiment of the invention will not be described in detail here. Any electronic device used by those skilled in the art to implement the power management method in this embodiment of the invention falls within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0128] Thirdly, based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present invention provide a power management device that can be applied to a multi-battery system connected to useful electrical appliances. The multi-battery system includes interconnected power battery packs and fuel cell packs.

[0129] refer to Figure 5 As shown, the power management device provided in this embodiment of the invention includes: a memory 501, a processor 502, and code stored in the memory and executable on the processor 502. When the processor 502 executes the code, it implements any of the embodiments of the power management method described above.

[0130] Among them, Figure 5 In this document, a bus architecture (represented by bus 500) is used. Bus 500 may include any number of interconnected buses and bridges, linking various circuits including one or more processors represented by processor 502 and memory represented by memory 501. Bus 500 may also link various other circuits such as peripheral devices, voltage regulators, and power management circuits, which are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further herein. Bus interface 505 provides an interface between bus 500 and receiver 503 and transmitter 504. Receiver 503 and transmitter 504 may be the same element, i.e., a transceiver, providing a unit for communicating with various other devices over a transmission medium. Processor 502 is responsible for managing bus 500 and general processing, while memory 501 can be used to store data used by processor 502 during operation.

[0131] The technical solutions in the above embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0132] 1. In this embodiment of the invention, when the electrical appliance is not in operation and the state of charge (SOC) of the power battery is low, the fuel cell is activated to charge the power battery, ensuring that the SOC of the power battery is within a healthy range and improving the service life of the power battery. When the electrical appliance is in operation, based on the requested power, the SOC, and the output power threshold of the power battery, the fuel cell stack is controlled to simultaneously provide power to both the power battery stack and the electrical appliance, and the power battery stack is controlled to provide power to the electrical appliance. This satisfies the power request of the electrical appliance while ensuring that the power battery stack stores sufficient charge, preventing the charge of the power battery stack from becoming too low and protecting the service life of the power battery stack.

[0133] 2. During the on-load charging process of the power battery pack, once the state of charge value of the power battery pack decreases to the fifth preset threshold, the rated output power value is used as the actual output power value of the fuel cell pack, and the number of charging cycles for the power battery is recorded. This avoids frequent switching between the start-up and shutdown states of the fuel cell pack, which improves both fuel utilization efficiency and the service life of the fuel cell pack.

[0134] 3. When the fuel cell stack includes a main fuel cell pack and a slave fuel cell pack, the slave fuel cell pack can take over the operation of the main fuel cell pack after the main fuel cell pack fails, thus improving the overall reliability of the fuel cell stack.

[0135] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention can take the form of a computer product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable code.

[0136] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer instructions. These computer instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0137] These computer instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0138] These computer instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0139] Although preferred embodiments of the invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including both the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the invention.

[0140] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this invention without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this invention and their equivalents, this invention also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A power management method, characterized in that, A method for use in a multi-battery system connected to a useful electrical appliance, the multi-battery system comprising interconnected power battery packs and fuel cell packs, comprising: When the electrical appliance is not in operation, the state of charge (SOC) value of the power battery pack is obtained, and the fuel cell pack is started based on the SOC value. When the electrical appliance is in operation, the requested power of the electrical appliance is obtained, and the operating state of the fuel cell stack is determined based on the requested power, the state of charge value, and the output power threshold of the power battery. The operating state includes any of the following: the fuel cell stack simultaneously supplies power to the power battery pack and the electrical appliance; the fuel cell stack only supplies power to the power battery pack; the fuel cell stack only supplies power to the electrical appliance. The step of determining whether to start the fuel cell stack based on the state of charge value includes: If the state of charge value is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, the fuel cell stack will not be started. If the state of charge value is less than the first preset threshold, then the fuel cell stack is started; Determining the operating state of the fuel cell stack based on the requested power, the state of charge value, and the output power threshold of the power battery includes: If the state of charge value is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, and the requested power is less than the output power threshold, then the fuel cell stack is controlled to supply power only to the power battery stack, and the power battery stack is controlled to supply power to the electrical appliance, so that the power battery stack can be charged under load. If the state of charge value is less than the second preset threshold, the fuel cell stack is controlled to supply electrical energy only to the electrical appliance. If the state of charge value is between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold, and the requested power is greater than the output power threshold, then the fuel cell stack is controlled to simultaneously provide electrical energy to the power battery stack and the electrical appliance, and the power battery stack is controlled to provide electrical energy to the electrical appliance; the first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

2. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After starting the fuel cell stack, the following is also included: The fuel cell stack is controlled to supply electrical energy to the power battery pack, so that the power battery pack can be charged under no-load conditions.

3. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The process of charging the power battery pack under load includes: The actual output power of the fuel cell stack is controlled based on the state of charge value; the smaller the state of charge value, the greater the actual output power of the fuel cell stack.

4. The method as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The control of the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack based on the state of charge value includes: If the state of charge value is less than the second preset threshold, then the rated output power value of the fuel cell stack is used as the actual output power value for controlling the fuel cell stack. If the state of charge value is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold, then the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack is controlled to be zero. If the state of charge value is between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold, then the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack is controlled to be between zero and the rated output power value.

5. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Controlling the actual output power value of the fuel cell stack to be between zero and the rated output power value includes: If the state of charge value is between the first preset threshold and the third preset threshold, then the first target power value is used as the actual output power value for controlling the fuel cell stack. If the state of charge value is between the third preset threshold and the fourth preset threshold, then the second target power value is used as the actual output power value for controlling the fuel cell stack. The third preset threshold is less than the first preset threshold, the fourth preset threshold is less than the third preset threshold, and the first target power value is less than the second target power value.

6. The method as described in claim 4, characterized in that, After controlling the actual output power of the fuel cell stack to be zero, the method further includes: When the state of charge of the power battery pack is detected to decrease to the fifth preset threshold, the rated output power value is used as the actual output power value for controlling the fuel cell pack, and the number of charging cycles for the power battery is recorded. The fifth preset threshold is less than the second preset threshold.

7. The method as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fuel cell stack includes a main fuel cell pack and a slave fuel cell pack, and the method further includes: When the actual output power of the fuel cell stack is not zero, the output of the main fuel cell stack is controlled by a first actual output power value, and the output of the slave fuel cell stack is controlled by a second actual output power value. The first actual output power value is greater than the second actual output power value.

8. A power management device, characterized in that, A multi-battery system for connecting useful electrical appliances, the multi-battery system including interconnected power battery packs and fuel cell packs, the device comprising: The static management unit is used to acquire the state of charge value of the power battery pack when the electrical appliance is in a non-working state, and to determine whether to start the fuel cell pack based on the state of charge value. The dynamic management unit is used to acquire the requested power of the electrical appliance when the appliance is in the working state, and to determine the working state of the fuel cell stack based on the requested power, the state of charge value and the output power threshold of the power battery. The operating state includes any of the following: the fuel cell stack simultaneously supplies power to the power battery pack and the electrical appliance; the fuel cell stack only supplies power to the power battery pack; the fuel cell stack only supplies power to the electrical appliance. The static management unit is specifically used for: The fuel cell stack will not be started when the state of charge value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold. The fuel cell stack is started when the state of charge value is less than the first preset threshold. The dynamic management unit includes: The first control subunit is configured to control the fuel cell stack to supply electrical energy only to the power battery stack when the state of charge value is greater than or equal to the first preset threshold and the requested power is less than the output power threshold, and to control the power battery stack to supply electrical energy to the electrical appliance so that the power battery stack can be charged under load. The second control subunit is used to control the fuel cell stack to supply electrical energy only to the electrical appliance when the state of charge value is less than a second preset threshold. The third control subunit is configured to control the fuel cell stack to simultaneously supply electrical energy to the power battery stack and the electrical appliance, and to control the power battery stack to supply electrical energy to the electrical appliance, when the state of charge value is between the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold, and the requested power is greater than the output power threshold; the first preset threshold is greater than the second preset threshold.

9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The charging control unit is used to control the fuel cell stack to provide electrical energy to the power battery pack after the fuel cell stack is started, so that the power battery pack can be charged under no-load conditions.

10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that, The first control subunit is specifically used for: The actual output power of the fuel cell stack is controlled based on the state of charge value; the smaller the state of charge value, the greater the actual output power of the fuel cell stack.

11. A power management device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

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