Tunnel curve grouting device and method based on high water pressure environment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a tunnel curve grouting device and method based on a high water pressure environment. The tunnel curve grouting method based on a high water pressure environment includes drilling a long-distance straight grouting hole with a drill bit, and drilling a curved grouting hole at the end of the straight grouting hole; the drill bit retreats, and grouting the curved grouting hole and the straight grouting hole during the retreat process; drilling a curved grouting hole with the drill bit at regular intervals, and performing a retreat grouting operation; drilling and grouting multiple times to form a side wall curtain surrounding the tunnel and multiple transverse partition curtains separating the tunnels; performing pre-drainage and pressure relief, and excavating the tunnel. The device and method of the present invention can solve the excavation safety problem during the tunnel construction process under a high water pressure environment, and can avoid the sudden mud and water gushing in the high water pressure stratum when the construction is completed. It is of great significance to improving the dewatering efficiency and construction safety of underground projects such as tunnel projects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of advanced waterproofing and support for tunnel excavation, in particular to a tunnel curve grouting device and method based on a high water pressure environment. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of highway and high-speed railway construction in my country, an increasing number of deep tunnels are facing the threat of high-pressure water. High-pressure water from karst, faults, and fractured surrounding rock poses a serious threat to tunnel construction. Current treatment methods primarily rely on sealing the tunnel with grouting walls, pre-grouting, and curtain grouting on the sidewalls to reduce water. However, direct engineering treatment is difficult when the surrounding rock is fractured, pre-grouting forecasts are inaccurate, and water pressure is high. This results in long construction periods and substandard construction quality. Therefore, new technologies are urgently needed to address these challenges in tunnel or underground excavation and construction, ensuring safe water reduction and construction. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract and title of this application to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title of the invention, and such simplifications or omissions should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned and / or existing problems in the existing tunnel grouting devices and methods based on high water pressure environments, the present invention is proposed.

[0005] Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is how to provide a tunnel curve grouting device based on a high water pressure environment.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a tunnel curve grouting device based on a high water pressure environment, which includes a directional drilling unit, including a drilling and grouting machine main unit, a drilling rig turntable and a drill bit, the drill bit is connected to the drilling rig turntable, and a slurry outlet hole is provided on the drill bit; a curtain grouting unit, including a mixing bucket, a grouting pump and a grouting pipe, the drill bit is arranged at the top of the grouting pipe; a pre-drainage unit, including a high-pressure drain ball valve, a water pressure sensor and a drain pipe, the high-pressure drain ball valve is arranged at one end of the drain pipe, and the water pressure sensor is arranged on the drain pipe.

[0007] As a preferred solution of the tunnel curve grouting device based on a high water pressure environment described in the present invention, the directional drilling unit also includes a drill frame and a guide plate, the drilling and grouting machine main unit is fixed by the drill frame, and the guide plate is arranged on the drill frame to adjust the drilling angle of the drill bit and the grouting pipe.

[0008] As a preferred solution of the tunnel curve grouting device based on a high water pressure environment described in the present invention, the curtain grouting unit also includes a flexible joint, a slurry stopper and a pressure relief valve, the two adjacent grouting pipes are connected by the flexible joint, and the slurry stopper and the pressure relief valve are installed at the drilled hole.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel curve grouting method based on a high water pressure environment.

[0010] A tunnel curve grouting method based on a high water pressure environment comprises: drilling long-distance linear grouting holes through a series of grouting pipes connected by flexible joints at the rear of a drill bit, and drilling curved grouting holes at the ends of the linear grouting holes; retracting the drill bit, and grouting the curved grouting holes and the linear grouting holes by rotating the grouting pipes during the retraction process; repeatedly drilling the curved grouting holes at regular intervals by the drill bit, and then repeating the retraction grouting operation; repeatedly drilling and grouting to form parallel side wall curtains surrounding the tunnel and multiple transverse partition curtains separating the tunnels; performing pre-drainage and pressure relief, and excavating the tunnel.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the tunnel curve grouting method based on a high water pressure environment described in the present invention, the end of the curved grouting hole is located at the center of the tunnel.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the tunnel grouting method based on a high water pressure environment described in the present invention, the axial and transverse separation curtains are formed after grouting of multiple curved grouting holes at the same node.

[0013] As a preferred solution of the tunnel curve grouting method based on a high water pressure environment described in the present invention, before drilling the linear grouting holes, the high-pressure water in the tunnel stratum and the corresponding stratum conditions are explored.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the tunnel curve grouting method based on a high water pressure environment described in the present invention, an electronic direction finder is provided at the rear end of the drill bit, and the data measured by the electronic direction finder is compared with the designed data to determine the deviation between the actual position of the drill bit and the designed position, and the deviation value is controlled within an allowable range.

[0015] As a preferred solution of the tunnel curve grouting method based on a high water pressure environment described in the present invention, after the linear grouting hole is formed, a grouting stopper and a pressure relief valve are installed at the drilled hole opening on the working surface.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the tunnel curve grouting method based on a high water pressure environment described in the present invention, before draining and relieving pressure, a drainage pipe is first driven in by directional drilling outside the tunnel and inside the closed curtain.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: it can solve the excavation safety problem during tunnel construction under high water pressure environment, and can avoid the sudden mud and water gushing in high water pressure strata when the construction is completed. It is of great significance to improve the dewatering efficiency and construction safety of underground projects such as tunnel projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. Among them:

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tunnel curve grouting device based on a high water pressure environment.

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the grouting pipe and flexible joint of the tunnel curve grouting method based on high water pressure environment.

[0021] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the pre-drainage unit structure of the tunnel curve grouting device based on a high water pressure environment.

[0022] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the side wall curtain and transverse partition curtain of the tunnel curve grouting device based on a high water pressure environment.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a flow chart of the tunnel curve grouting method based on high water pressure environment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] Reference Figures 1 to 4 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a tunnel curve grouting device based on a high water pressure environment, which includes a directional drilling unit 100, a curtain grouting unit 200 and a pre-drainage unit 300.

[0029] Specifically, the directional drilling unit 100 includes a drilling and injection machine main unit 101, a drilling rig rotary table 102 and a drill bit 103. The drill bit 103 is connected to the drilling rig rotary table 102. A slurry outlet hole is provided on the side of the drill bit 103.

[0030] The curtain grouting unit 200 includes a mixing barrel 201, a grouting pump 202 and a grouting pipe 203, and the drill bit 103 is arranged at the top of the grouting pipe 203;

[0031] The pre-drainage unit 300 includes a high-pressure drain ball valve 301 , a water pressure sensor 302 and a drain pipe 303 . The high-pressure drain ball valve 301 is disposed at one end of the drain pipe 303 , and the water pressure sensor 302 is disposed on the drain pipe 303 .

[0032] Furthermore, the directional drilling unit 100 also includes a drill frame 104 and a guide plate 105. The drilling and grouting machine main unit 101 is fixed by the drill frame 104. The guide plate 105 is arranged on the drill frame 104 and is used to adjust the drilling angle of the drill bit 103 and the grouting pipe 203. The curtain grouting unit 200 also includes a flexible joint 204, a grouting plug 205, and a pressure relief valve 206. Two adjacent grouting pipes 203 are connected by the flexible joint 204. The grouting plug 205 and the pressure relief valve 206 are installed at the drill hole.

[0033] The main body of the drilling and grouting machine 101 is placed on the drilling rig frame 104 to complete the drilling and retreat grouting operations. The main body of the drilling and grouting machine 101 is generally composed of a hydraulic power source and a generator, which respectively provide power and electricity for the drilling rig and the supporting electrical equipment; the drilling rig frame 104 is a steel support for carrying the main body of the drilling and grouting machine 101, which can be moved to an appropriate point in the tunnel cross passage or the expansion working face for drilling and grouting construction; the drilling rig turntable 102 is at the front end of the drilling and grouting machine main body 101, aimed at the drill hole, and can be adjusted by changing the drilling rig turntable The steering direction, speed and torque of 102 meet the requirements of different operating conditions; the drill bit 103 is selected according to different geological conditions and is connected to the grouting pipe 203. The grouting pipe 203 needs to have a certain strength. It plays the function of combining the drill rod and the grouting pipe 203 into one. The drill bit 103 enters the soil layer around the tunnel to form a circumferentially surrounded borehole. The drill bit 103 is a special conical drill bit with an opening on it considering the subsequent grouting operation; the guide plate 105 is located on the drilling rig frame 104 and is used to adjust the drilling angle of the drill bit 103 and the grouting pipe 203.

[0034] The grouting pump 202 is a device that uses compressed oil or compressed air as a power source, and uses the large effective area ratio of the oil cylinder or air cylinder and the grouting cylinder to make the cylinder body produce a higher injection pressure with a smaller pressure. It is connected to the grouting pipe 203 and is opened during the backward grouting operation; in addition to playing the role of a drill rod in directional drilling, the grouting pipe 203 also meets the function of backward grouting, realizing integrated drilling and injection construction, and working together with the grouting pump 202 to inject high-pressure slurry into the borehole so that each borehole is overlapped to form a closed water-stop curtain. First, use the drilling rig to advance 1000m for curved drilling construction, and then surround the air surrounding the tunnel. The intermediate drill string forms a side wall curtain and a front intersection curtain, which seals the stratum for future tunnel excavation in the grouting body. After the side wall curtain is formed, directional drilling is then carried out to construct a cross intersection closed body every 100m; the mixing barrel 201 is an auxiliary equipment that continuously stirs the slurry during grouting to prevent solidification; the flexible joint 204 is connected between the grouting pipes 203 to ensure the smooth progress of the directional drilling and retreat process; the slurry stopper 205 is installed at the borehole opening before grouting to prevent the slurry from overflowing during the grouting process; the pressure relief valve 206 is also installed at the borehole, and is opened to relieve pressure after a period of time after the grouting is completed to prevent the high-pressure slurry from spraying out.

[0035] Multiple drain pipes 303 are connected by flange connections; the high-pressure drain ball valve 301 refers to a valve whose opening and closing parts are driven by a valve stem and rotate around the axis of the valve stem. It is installed at the mouth of the drain pipe 303 and is reasonably opened to relieve pressure and drain water according to the real-time water pressure sensor 302 information; the water pressure sensor 302 is installed on the drain pipe 303 in the tunnel soil layer, which is used to realize the water pressure forecast and cooperate with the high-pressure drain ball valve 301 to complete the drainage control; the drain pipe 303 is a drainage pipe arranged in the area outside the tunnel inside the curtain, which is used to unload the high-pressure water in the closed curtain, thereby ensuring the safe excavation of the tunnel face.

[0036] Example 2

[0037] Reference Figure 5 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a tunnel curve grouting method based on a high water pressure environment, and the tunnel curve grouting method based on a high water pressure environment includes the following steps:

[0038] S1. Drilling long-distance straight grouting holes through sections of grouting pipes 203 connected by flexible joints 204 behind the drill bit 103, and drilling curved grouting holes at the ends of the straight grouting holes.

[0039] If the drilling and grouting machine wants to drill holes and grout in the outer ring of the tunnel, it needs a working surface larger than the tunnel face. For bidirectional tunnels with transverse passages, the transverse passage space can generally be used directly to install the integrated machine and other construction. For tunnels without such conditions, the working surface is formed by excavating in front of the tunnel face. In this embodiment, a 1000m straight grouting hole is first drilled by the directional drilling unit 100, and then a curved grouting hole is drilled at the end of the straight grouting hole. The end of the curved grouting hole is located in the center of the tunnel. Preferably, before drilling the straight grouting hole, the high-pressure water in the tunnel stratum and its corresponding stratum conditions are detected by using the drilling geophysical exploration and water pressure sensor 302.

[0040] According to the geological report, combined with the high-pressure water of the tunnel strata obtained from the exploration and its corresponding stratum conditions, the angle and position of directional drilling are designed. According to the hardness and water content of different strata, the drill bit, drill rod and grouting pipe of corresponding diameter are prefabricated, and the model and size of the directional drilling and grouting equipment can also be determined.

[0041] S2: The drill bit 103 retreats, and during the retreat process, grouting is performed on the curved and linear grouting holes through the grouting pipe 203 while rotating. Before the grouting operation, a grout stopper 205 and a pressure relief valve 206 are installed at the drill hole opening on the working surface to ensure the safety of the high-pressure grouting curtain process. First, the side wall curtain and the front intersection curtain are drilled and grouted around the space surrounding the tunnel, thereby enclosing the stratum where the tunnel will be excavated in the grouting body.

[0042] S3, every certain distance, repeat drilling curve grouting hole by drill bit 103, then repeat retreat grouting operation.In the present embodiment, just drill curve grouting hole by drill bit 103 every 100m.

[0043] S4. Drill and grout multiple times to form a side wall curtain surrounding the tunnel and multiple transverse partition curtains separating the tunnels.

[0044] It should be noted that during the grouting process, slurry diffuses through the grouting holes. The number of linear grouting holes can be adjusted adaptively based on the geological environment and tunnel size. Once all grouting holes are drilled and poured, a sidewall curtain surrounding the tunnel and multiple transverse partition curtains separating the tunnel are formed. Furthermore, multiple curved grouting holes at the same node, after grouting, form a complete, seamless isolation curtain.

[0045] An electronic direction finder is provided at the rear end of the drill bit 103. The data measured by the electronic direction finder is compared with the designed data to determine the deviation between the actual position of the drill bit and the designed position, and the deviation value is controlled within the allowable range, so that the deviation error of the drilling is within an acceptable range.

[0046] S5. Carry out pre-drainage and pressure relief, and excavate the tunnel.

[0047] Before draining and relieving pressure, a drain pipe 303 is driven through directional drilling outside the tunnel and within the closed curtain. A water pressure sensor 302 is installed in the drain pipe to provide advance warning. One end of the drain pipe is connected to a high-pressure drain ball valve 301. Together, these two valves control the discharge of high-pressure water from the closed chamber, allowing drainage and pressure relief to proceed simultaneously with normal tunnel face construction. Because drilling and grouting form closed volumes, the internal water pressure is relieved through the directional drilled drain pipe before the tunnel face enters these closed volumes. This allows the face to advance normally without water, speeding up construction.

[0048] Typically, tunnel construction begins with pre-grouting, followed by initial set and subsequent excavation. This patented method allows for the formation of ten fully enclosed curtains within a one-kilometer radius, increasing efficiency tenfold. This reduces time to 10% of the original. For tunnels deeply buried in high-pressure areas, where water pressure typically exceeds 1.5 MPa, this patented method reduces the head difference between the two curtains to less than 0.1 MPa, or only about 6.7% of the previous level, reducing water pressure by over 90%.

[0049] To sum up, the method described in the present invention can solve the excavation safety problem during tunnel construction under high water pressure environment, and can avoid the sudden mud and water gushing in high water pressure strata when the construction is completed. It is of great significance to improving the dewatering efficiency and construction safety of underground projects such as tunnel projects.

[0050] It should be appreciated that embodiments of the present invention can be implemented or carried out by computer hardware, a combination of hardware and software, or by computer instructions stored in a non-transitory computer-readable memory. The methods can be implemented in a computer program using standard programming techniques, including a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium configured with a computer program, wherein the storage medium so configured causes the computer to operate in a specific and predefined manner, according to the methods and figures described in the specific embodiments. Each program can be implemented in a high-level procedural or object-oriented programming language to communicate with the computer system. However, if desired, the program can be implemented in assembly or machine language. In any case, the language can be a compiled or interpreted language. In addition, the program can be run on a programmed application-specific integrated circuit for this purpose.

[0051] Furthermore, the operations of the processes described herein may be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by the context. The processes described herein (or variations and / or combinations thereof) may be performed under the control of one or more computer systems configured with executable instructions and may be implemented as code (e.g., executable instructions, one or more computer programs, or one or more applications) that is executed collectively on one or more processors, by hardware, or a combination thereof. The computer program includes a plurality of instructions that can be executed by one or more processors.

[0052] Furthermore, the methods can be implemented in any type of computing platform operably connected to a suitable computer, including but not limited to a personal computer, minicomputer, mainframe, workstation, network or distributed computing environment, standalone or integrated computer platform, or in communication with a charged particle tool or other imaging device, etc. Aspects of the present invention can be implemented as machine-readable code stored on a non-transitory storage medium or device, whether removable or integrated into the computing platform, such as a hard drive, optical read and / or write storage medium, RAM, ROM, etc., such that it can be read by a programmable computer, and when the storage medium or device is read by the computer, can be used to configure and operate the computer to perform the processes described herein. Furthermore, the machine-readable code, or portions thereof, can be transmitted over wired or wireless networks. When such media includes instructions or programs for implementing the steps described above in conjunction with a microprocessor or other data processor, the invention described herein includes these and other different types of non-transitory computer-readable storage media. The invention also includes the computer itself when programmed according to the methods and techniques described herein. The computer program can be applied to input data to perform the functions described herein, thereby converting the input data to generate output data that is stored in non-volatile memory. The output information can also be applied to one or more output devices, such as a display. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the converted data represents a physical and tangible object, including a specific visual depiction of the physical and tangible object produced on a display.

[0053] As used in this application, the terms "component", "module", "system" and the like are intended to refer to a computer-related entity, which can be hardware, firmware, a combination of hardware and software, software, or software in operation. For example, a component can be, but is not limited to: a process running on a processor, a processor, an object, an executable file, a thread in execution, a program and / or a computer. As an example, both an application running on a computing device and the computing device can be a component. One or more components can exist in an executing process and / or thread, and a component can be located in a computer and / or distributed between two or more computers. In addition, these components can be executed from various computer-readable media having various data structures thereon. These components can communicate in the form of local and / or remote processes, such as based on signals having one or more data packets (e.g., data from a component that interacts with another component in a local system, a distributed system, and / or interacts with other systems in the form of signals over a network such as the Internet).

[0054] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grouting method for a tunnel curve grouting device based on a high water pressure environment, characterized by: The tunnel curve grouting device includes: A directional drilling unit (100) comprises a drilling and grouting machine main unit (101), a drilling rig rotary table (102) and a drill bit (103); the drill bit (103) is connected to the drilling rig rotary table (102); a grouting hole is provided on the side of the drill bit (103); the directional drilling unit (100) further comprises a drilling rig frame (104) and a guide plate (105); the drilling and grouting machine main unit (101) is fixed by the drilling rig frame (104); the guide plate (105) is provided on the drilling rig frame (104) and is used to adjust the drilling angle of the drill bit (103) and the grouting pipe (203); A curtain grouting unit (200) comprises a mixing barrel (201), a grouting pump (202) and a grouting pipe (203); the drill bit (103) is arranged at the top of the grouting pipe (203); the curtain grouting unit (200) further comprises a flexible joint (204), a grouting stopper (205) and a pressure relief valve (206); two adjacent grouting pipes (203) are connected via the flexible joint (204); the grouting stopper (205) and the pressure relief valve (206) are installed at the drill hole; The pre-drainage unit (300) comprises a high-pressure drain ball valve (301), a water pressure sensor (302) and a drain pipe (303), wherein the high-pressure drain ball valve (301) is arranged at one end of the drain pipe (303), and the water pressure sensor (302) is arranged on the drain pipe (303); Drilling long-distance straight grouting holes through sections of grouting pipes (203) connected by flexible joints (204) behind the drill bit (103), and drilling curved grouting holes at the ends of the straight grouting holes; The drill bit (103) moves backward, and during the backward movement, the grouting pipe (203) rotates while grouting the curved grouting holes and the linear grouting holes; Repeatedly drilling curved grouting holes at regular intervals using the drill bit (103), and then repeating the backward grouting operation; Multiple drilling and grouting to form parallel side wall curtains surrounding the tunnel and multiple transverse dividing curtains separating the tunnels; Carry out pre-drainage and pressure relief, and excavate the tunnel.

2. The grouting method of the tunnel curve grouting device based on a high water pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the curved grouting hole is located at the center of the tunnel.

3. The grouting method of the tunnel curve grouting device based on a high water pressure environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of curved grouting holes at the same node form the transverse partition curtain after grouting.

4. The grouting method of the tunnel curve grouting device based on a high water pressure environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: Before drilling the linear grouting holes, the high-pressure water in the tunnel stratum and its corresponding stratum conditions are explored.

5. The grouting method of the tunnel curve grouting device based on a high water pressure environment according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rear end of the drill bit (103) is provided with an electronic direction finder, and the data measured by the electronic direction finder is compared with the designed data to determine the deviation between the actual position of the drill bit and the designed position, and the deviation value is controlled within an allowable range.

6. The grouting method of the tunnel curve grouting device based on a high water pressure environment according to claim 5, characterized in that: After the linear grouting hole is formed, a grout stopper (205) and a pressure relief valve (206) are installed at the drilled hole opening on the working surface.

7. The grouting method of the tunnel curve grouting device based on a high water pressure environment according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before draining and relieving pressure, a drainage pipe (303) is first driven in through directional drilling outside the tunnel and inside the closed curtain.

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