Child safety seats and vehicles

Abstract

The present invention discloses a child safety seat and a vehicle, which relate to the field of child safety seats and are used to optimize the structure of existing child safety seats and balance the structure and index limit values ​​of child safety seats. The child safety seat includes a support base and a seat body. The seat body is rotatably connected to the support base. The seating depth of the seat body is configured to be adjustable. The child safety seat provided by the above technical solution can set the seating depth according to the different heights of child passengers. The change in seating depth will cause the child passenger's head to move forward and the center of gravity to move forward toward the vehicle body, so as to reduce the possibility of the head impacting the chest due to forward flexion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of child safety seats, and in particular to a child safety seat and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In related technologies, safety indicators for evaluating child safety restraint systems include: various forward and backward collision test conditions for child passengers riding in child safety seats, as well as two injury limit indicators: the displacement of the child passenger's head and the chest acceleration obtained from actual tests.

[0003] Currently, the most advanced international child restraint system evaluation standards have added injury limits for combined head acceleration in front-to-back collisions and combined head and chest acceleration in side-impact collisions. Furthermore, head displacement and combined head acceleration are inherently contradictory.

[0004] According to industry consensus, when evaluating the compliance of various crash tests on child occupants in child safety seats: if the three injury indicators of the measured head displacement, head composite acceleration and chest composite acceleration are slightly lower than the regulatory limit values, it is considered to be barely passing; if the three injury indicators are 10% lower than the limit values, it is considered qualified; if the three injury indicators are more than 20% lower than the limit values, it is considered to be good; if the three injury indicators are more than 30% lower than the limit values, it is considered to be excellent.

[0005] The inventors discovered that finding a technical solution to balance the structure and index limits is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a child safety seat and a vehicle, which are suitable for all age groups from 0 to 12 years old. The child safety seat is used to optimize the structure of existing child safety seats and balance the structure of the child safety seat with index limit values.

[0007] An embodiment of the present invention provides a child safety seat, comprising a support base and a seat body; the seat body is rotatably connected to the support base; wherein the seating depth of the seat body is configured to be adjustable.

[0008] In some embodiments, the child safety seat further comprises:

[0009] The baffle is arranged along the seating depth direction of the seat body, and the seat body is provided with at least two mounting portions corresponding to different seating depths; the baffle can be selectively mounted on one of the mounting portions.

[0010] In some embodiments, the baffle comprises:

[0011] a plate body corresponding to the backrest area of ​​the seat body; and

[0012] The mounting rods are provided on both sides of the plate body along its width direction, and the mounting portion includes an inner recess; the mounting rods are mounted in the inner recess.

[0013] In some embodiments, the child safety seat further comprises:

[0014] The back cushion is placed in the backrest area of ​​the seat body.

[0015] In some embodiments, the seat body includes an outer shell and an inner shell that are detachably connected; the outer shell has a seat belt force guide groove and a snap-fit ​​portion; the inner shell includes a backrest and a seating portion; the seating portion is fixedly connected to the backrest, and a snap-fit ​​portion is provided at the intersection of the two; wherein the snap-fit ​​portion is embedded in the snap-fit ​​portion; the seat belt force guide groove is constructed to allow the seat belt to pass through and the seat belt is located at the root of the seat belt force guide groove.

[0016] In some embodiments, the housing comprises:

[0017] back cover; and

[0018] An insert is detachably connected to at least one of the backrest and the rear shell, and the insert is provided with the safety belt force guide groove and the clamping portion.

[0019] In some embodiments, the horizontal distance between the root of the safety belt force guide groove and the vertical plane passing through the two lower fixing points of the three-point safety belt of the test trolley is L1; the vertical height between the root of the safety belt force guide groove and the end surface of the support base is L2;

[0020] Among them, L1 is greater than or equal to 270mm and less than or equal to 280mm; L2 is less than or equal to 137mm.

[0021] In some embodiments, after adjusting the seat to the minimum seating depth, the minimum distance between the first vertical plane and the second vertical plane is S0; wherein the first vertical plane is the vertical plane of the intersection line of the baffle of the child safety seat and the seating part of the inner shell, and the second vertical plane is the vertical plane of the root connection line of the safety belt force guide groove, and S0 is greater than or equal to 46 mm.

[0022] In some embodiments, the seating portion includes:

[0023] The first section is constructed to support a child occupant;

[0024] A second section is rotatably connected to the first section via a rotating shaft; and

[0025] An elastic member has one end detachably connected to the first section and the other end detachably connected to the rotating shaft.

[0026] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle, comprising the child safety seat provided by any technical solution of the present invention.

[0027] The child safety seat provided by the above technical solution has a support body that can realize the detachable connection between the child safety seat and the vehicle body; the seat body has an inner shell and an outer shell; the inner shell is rotatably connected to the support base, and the inner shell is the main component for carrying the child passenger; the outer shell is arranged on the outer side of the inner shell, that is, the side away from the child passenger. The seating depth of the inner shell is constructed to be adjustable relative to the direction of the seat opening, so that the seating depth can be set according to the different heights of the child passenger. The change in seating depth will cause the child passenger's head to move forward and the center of gravity to move forward toward the vehicle body, so as to reduce the possibility of the head being impacted forward and over-flexed and hitting the chest. In addition, this technical solution is applicable to children aged 0 to 12 years old (height 40 to 135CM), and achieves an excellent level value of 20% to 30% lower than the limit standard value for the three injury indicators of the child safety seat. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1a A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a child safety seat provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 1b Another schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a child safety seat provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 1c A schematic diagram of the baffle structure of a child safety seat provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2a This is an exploded schematic diagram of a child safety seat provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2b A schematic diagram of the structure of the outer shell insert of a child safety seat provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating the dimensions of a child safety seat provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4a A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a child safety seat provided by another embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4b Schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a child safety seat provided by another embodiment of the present invention

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a child safety seat provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following combination Figures 1a to 5 The technical solution provided by the present invention is described in more detail.

[0039] See also Figures 1a to 1c An embodiment of the present invention provides a child safety seat, comprising a support base 1 and a seat body 2. The support base 1 is configured to be detachably connected to a vehicle. The seat body 2 is rotatably connected to the support base 1. The seating depth of the seat body 2 is configured to be adjustable.

[0040] This child safety seat is suitable for all age groups, from 0 to 12 years old. It has a deeper seating depth for children aged 0 to 3 years old, and a shallower seating depth for older children aged 4 to 12 years old. The child safety seat also uses a five-point seat belt for children aged 0 to 3 years old, while a three-point seat belt is used for older children aged 4 to 12 years old.

[0041] The support base 1 is detachably connected to the vehicle body, typically via ISOFIX connections. The inner shell 22 is rotatably connected to the support base 1, specifically allowing for a 360° range of adjustment, enabling the child safety seat to be installed forward or rearward, thus meeting the needs of children of different ages.

[0042] Taking the orientation of a child safety seat installed in a vehicle as an example, the seating depth of the seat body 2 is measured relative to the length of the vehicle. A greater seating depth of the seat body 2 places the child closer to the rear of the vehicle; a smaller seating depth places the child closer to the front of the vehicle.

[0043] This technical solution is suitable for children aged 0-12 years old (height 40-135CM), and is equipped with a 360-degree rotating child safety seat to optimize the system structure of the child safety seat, achieving an excellent level value of 20%-30% below the limit standard value for the three injury indicators of the child safety seat.

[0044] See also Figure 3 In some embodiments, the seat body 2 has multiple seating depths to accommodate the seating needs of children of different heights.

[0045] Here's how to adjust the ride depth.

[0046] See also Figures 1a to 1c In some embodiments, the child safety seat further includes a baffle 3. Along the seating depth direction of the seat body 2, i.e., the inner shell 22 described below, the seat body 2 is provided with at least two mounting portions 23 corresponding to different seating depths. The baffle 3 can be selectively mounted on one of the mounting portions 23. The seating depth of the seat body 2 can be adjusted by inserting and pulling the baffle 3 in the seating depth direction of the seat body 2 to change its mounting position.

[0047] Continue to see Figures 1a to 1c In some embodiments, the baffle 3 includes a plate body 31 and a mounting rod 32. The plate body 31 corresponds to the backrest area of ​​the seat body 2, that is, corresponds to the backrest area of ​​the inner shell 22 described later. The plate body 31 is provided with mounting rods 32 on both sides along its own width direction, and the mounting portion 23 includes an inner recess 230. The mounting rod 32 is installed in the inner recess 230. The plate body 31 is a roughly rectangular perforated plate, and a plurality of rows of holes are evenly distributed on the plate body 31. The mounting rod 32 is fixed on both sides of the plate body 31, corresponding to the two sides where the child passenger's arms are located. The riding depth can be adjusted by plugging and unplugging the baffle 3, and the adjustment is very convenient.

[0048] In other embodiments, the child safety seat further includes a back cushion (not shown), which is positioned in the backrest area of ​​the seat body 2, i.e., the backrest area of ​​the inner shell 22 described below. The back cushion is removable. It can be directly attached or attached using Velcro. When the back cushion is removed, the child safety seat has a deeper seating depth. When the back cushion is in place, the child safety seat has a shallower seating depth.

[0049] See 1a, Figure 2a 、 Figure 2b and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the child safety seat generally includes a five-point safety belt, but does not include a three-point safety belt. The safety belt referred to herein refers to the safety belt 4 on the vehicle or test bench. Figure 2b The seat body 2 includes an outer shell 21 and an inner shell 22 that are detachably connected. The outer shell 21 has a safety belt force guide groove 212a and a snap-fit ​​portion 212b. The inner shell 22 includes a backrest 24 and a seating portion 25. The seating portion 25 is fixedly connected to the backrest 24, and specifically, is integral. A snap-fit ​​slot 250 is provided at the intersection of the seating portion 25 and the backrest 24. The inner shell 22 includes a backrest 24 and a seating portion 25. The seating portion 25 is fixedly connected to the backrest 24, and a snap-fit ​​slot 250 is provided at the intersection of the two. The snap-fit ​​portion 212b is embedded in the snap-fit ​​slot 250; the safety belt force guide groove 212a is constructed to allow the safety belt 4 to pass through, and the safety belt 4 is located at the root P0 of the safety belt force guide groove 212a.

[0050] The outer shell 21 is a wraparound shell that semi-encloses the outer side of the inner shell 22, specifically the side of the inner shell 22 facing away from the child occupant. The shape of the outer shell 21 matches that of the inner shell 22. The inner shell 22 has structural reinforcement ribs and possesses greater flexural and tensile yield strength than the outer shell 21.

[0051] The above technical solution enables the inner shell 22 to have a deeper and larger opening at the connection between the backrest portion 24 and the seating portion 25. When a child passenger is subjected to a forward impact, the child passenger's own weight moves downward, allowing the seat body to have greater expansion elasticity, allowing the child passenger's legs to stretch more freely, which will pry the child passenger's chest backward, thereby reducing the possibility of the head moving forward and over-flexing to collide with the chest.

[0052] See 1a and Figure 3 In some embodiments, the child safety seat is constructed such that when the backrest 24 of the child safety seat is adjusted to the set most upright position and against the seatback of the test trolley, the horizontal distance between the root P0 of the seatbelt force guide groove 212a and the vertical plane passing through the two lower fixing points of the three-point seatbelt 4 of the test trolley is L1. The vertical height between the lowest point in the seatbelt force guide groove 212a and the end surface of the support base 1 is L2; ​​where L1 is greater than or equal to 270 mm and less than or equal to 280 mm; and L2 is less than or equal to 137 mm. According to the Pythagorean theorem, it can be calculated that the distance between the root P0 of the seatbelt force guide groove 212a and the lower fixing point of the three-point seatbelt of the test trolley is approximately 307 mm. The position of the lower fixing point of the three-point seatbelt of the test trolley is fixed and will be directly marked on the test trolley in accordance with industry standards. The most upright position of the child safety seat is the upright limit position of the child safety seat adjustment, and this position is fixed.

[0053] The above technical solution restrains the child passenger from the lowest position, limiting the downward movement of the child and the seat during a forward impact. Furthermore, the forward-projecting retaining groove 250 provides maximum force restraint on the child's hips while minimizing force on the area below the child's lower abdomen. This creates space for the child's lower abdomen to absorb the kinetic energy of a forward impact, extending the forward movement time of the child's upper body and head. Based on the relationship between acceleration, velocity, and time, this effectively reduces head acceleration.

[0054] See also Figure 2a and Figure 2bIn some embodiments, the housing 21 includes a rear shell 211 and an insert 212. The insert 212 is mounted on at least one of the backrest 24 and the rear shell 211. The insert 212 is provided with a safety belt force guide groove 212a and a snap-fit ​​portion 212b. The snap-fit ​​portion 212b snaps into the snap-fit ​​slot 250. The safety belt force guide groove 212a is configured to allow the safety belt 4 to pass through, with the safety belt 4 positioned at the root of the safety belt force guide groove 212a.

[0055] The following is an example of a detachable connection between the insert 212 and the backrest 24 and the rear shell 211, which will be described in detail. The insert 212 blocks the bottom portion of the slot 250. The snap-fit ​​portion 212b of the insert 212 is snapped into the slot 250 of the inner shell 22. Then, the insert 212 is fixedly connected to both sides of the inner shell 22. An insert 212 is installed on each side of the width direction of the inner shell 22. The installation method of the two inserts 212 can be the same. The insert 212 also uses a snap-fit ​​structure to achieve a detachable connection with the rear shell 211, and then the two are fixedly connected using screws and other components.

[0056] The above technical solution divides the outer shell 21 into an insert 212 located on the front side and a rear shell 211 located on the rear side. The rigidity of the guide slot opening direction of the insert 212 is greatly weakened, and it can open well along with the opening of the inner shell 22, that is, the opening is relatively good (completely following the opening of the main body slot within the elastic limit of the plastic). In some embodiments, the width of the narrowest part 212a of the guide slot of the insert 212 is set to 16mm, for example, which is sufficient to allow the safety belt 4 to pass through. When the child's body and legs are bent and stretched forward and then rebound, the two side edges b and c of the guide slot of the insert 212 will abut against each other, see Figure 2b , thereby reducing the squeezing injury to the child's body.

[0057] See also Figure 4a and Figure 4b In some embodiments, the seating portion 25 includes a first section 251, a second section 252, and an elastic member 253. The second section 252 is rotatably connected to the first section 251 via a rotating shaft 254. The elastic member 253 is detachably connected to the first section 251 at one end and to the rotating shaft at the other end. Specifically, the first and second sections 251, 252 are provided with through-holes 251a and 252a arranged alternately across the width of the seat. A rigid rotating shaft passes through the through-holes in the first and second sections 251, 252, achieving rotatable connection between the first and second sections 251, 252. The rotating shaft is mounted to, or positioned within, the housing 21. Accordingly, the rear housing 211 is also divided into two sections 211a and 211b to match the shapes of the first and second sections 251, 252 of the seating portion 25.

[0058] See also Figure 3In some embodiments, after the seat is adjusted to the minimum seating depth, the minimum distance between the first vertical plane S1 and the second vertical plane S2 is S0. The first vertical plane S1 is the perpendicular plane connecting the intersection of the child safety seat's baffle 3 and the seating portion 25 of the inner shell 22. The second vertical plane is the perpendicular plane connecting the bases of the safety belt force guide grooves 212a. S0 is greater than or equal to 46 mm. This depth represents the minimum depth that the child safety seat can restrain.

[0059] The following are some comparative test results. When a child safety seat meets the three excellent parameters for children aged 0 to 3 years (head displacement, head composite acceleration, and chest composite acceleration), that is, the three measured injury indicators are all at least 30% lower than the limit standard values, and the child safety seat is applied to the largest test dummy Q10 and the seat is adjusted to the most upright sitting position for relevant tests:

[0060] Without reducing the seating depth of the largest Q10 dummy, the head displacement measured in this scenario is approximately 352mm, far below the regulatory requirement of 500mm. However, the resultant head acceleration is approximately 80g, hovering within the regulatory limit of 80g. The resultant chest acceleration is approximately 42g, with a limited margin compared to the regulatory limit of 55g.

[0061] If the seating depth of the largest Q10 dummy is reduced, the head displacement is approximately 386mm, far below the 500mm required by safety regulations. Furthermore, the resultant head acceleration is approximately 62g, far below the regulatory standard of 80g; the resultant chest acceleration is approximately 28g, also well below the regulatory standard of 55g.

[0062] Comparing the above results, if the seating depth of the maximum-sized test dummy is reduced, for example to the aforementioned S0 of 46mm, head displacement increases slightly from 352mm to 386mm, a slight increase of 34mm, also achieving excellent results. However, the head resultant acceleration improves by 22.5%, and the chest resultant acceleration exceeds the regulatory standard by 49%, both achieving excellent results.

[0063] As can be seen, the above technical solution, when the front end of the body is impacted by the weight of a larger child, compresses the front end, forcing the staggered through-holes to deform and slide along the axis. This effectively reduces the stress point on the front end of the body's inner shell 22 supporting the child's legs. This allows the larger child's legs to stretch more freely, improves the child's backward leaning posture, and allows the child to release kinetic energy in a more stretched posture when impacted from the front. This technical solution enables the child safety seat to achieve excellent three injury limit indicators for children under three years old, while also optimizing the structure of the child safety seat for children over three years old, particularly for children aged 12 years old (i.e., those over 135 cm tall). This effectively improves the three injury limit indicators to near or even excellent levels.

[0064] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like to indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the protection content of the present invention.

[0065] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A child safety seat, characterized in that: include: Support base (1); as well as A seat body (2) is rotatably connected to the support base (1); wherein the seating depth of the seat body (2) is configured to be adjustable; and A baffle (3) is arranged along the seating depth direction of the seat body (2); The seat body (2) comprises an outer shell (21) and an inner shell (22) that are detachably connected; the outer shell (21) has a safety belt force guide groove (212a) and a snap-fit ​​portion (212b); The inner shell (22) includes a backrest portion (24) and a seating portion (25); the seating portion (25) is fixedly connected to the backrest portion (24), and a slot (250) is provided at the intersection of the two portions; The engaging portion (212b) is embedded in the engaging slot (250); the safety belt force guide slot (212a) is constructed to allow the safety belt (4) to pass through, and the safety belt (4) is located at the root (P0) of the safety belt force guide slot (212a); The child safety seat is constructed as follows: the horizontal distance between the root of the safety belt force guide groove (212a) and the vertical plane of the two lower fixed points of the three-point safety belt (4) passing through the test trolley is L1; the vertical height between the root (P0) of the safety belt force guide groove (212a) and the end surface of the support base (1) is L2; ​​wherein L1 is greater than or equal to 270 mm and less than or equal to 280 mm; and L2 is less than or equal to 137 mm, so as to reduce the acceleration of the head; Wherein, the seating portion (25) comprises: A first section (251) is configured to support a child passenger; the first section (251) is provided with a first through hole (251a); The second section (252) is rotatably connected to the first section (251) via a rotating shaft; the second section (252) is provided with a second through hole (252a); the first through hole (251a) and the second through hole (252a) are staggered in the width direction of the child safety seat; and an elastic member (253), one end of which is detachably connected to the first section (251), and the other end of which is detachably connected to the rotating shaft; When the front end of the seat body (2) is impacted by the weight of a child passenger who is over 135 cm tall, the front end is compressed to deform the staggered first through holes (251a) and the second through holes (252a) so as to slide along the rotation axis, thereby achieving the effect of lowering the front end of the inner shell (22) to support the stress-bearing part of the child passenger's legs, thereby increasing the stretching space of the child passenger's legs, improving the stretching posture of the child passenger's body leaning back, and allowing the child passenger to have a more stretched kinetic energy release posture when impacted forward; After the seat is adjusted to the minimum seating depth, the minimum distance between the first vertical plane and the second vertical plane is S0; wherein the first vertical plane is the vertical plane of the intersection line of the baffle (3) of the child safety seat and the seating portion (25) of the inner shell (22), and the second vertical plane is the vertical plane of the root connection line of the safety belt force guide groove (212a), and S0 is greater than or equal to 46 mm.

2. The child safety seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seat body (2) is provided with at least two mounting portions (23) corresponding to different seating depths; the baffle (3) can be selectively mounted on one of the mounting portions (23).

3. The child safety seat according to claim 2, characterized in that: The baffle (3) comprises: A plate (31) corresponding to the backrest area of ​​the seat body (2); and Mounting rods (32), the plate body (31) is provided with the mounting rods (32) on both sides along its width direction, the mounting portion (23) includes an inner recess (230), and the mounting rods (32) are mounted on the inner recess (230).

4. The child safety seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A back cushion is placed in the backrest area of ​​the seat body (2).

5. The child safety seat according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (21) comprises: a rear shell (211); and An insert (212) is detachably connected to at least one of the backrest (24) and the rear shell (211), and the insert (212) is provided with the safety belt force guide groove (212a) and the engaging portion (212b).

6. A vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises the child safety seat according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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