An underground nuclear power source

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses an underground nuclear power source, which relates to the field of nuclear power technology and is an underground nuclear power source that does not rely on the heat emitted by the atmosphere and underground rivers. The underground nuclear power source includes a thermal power generation module and a first heat pipe. The thermal power generation module is arranged in the stratum, and the thermal power generation module is used to generate thermal energy and convert it into electrical energy; the heat absorption end of the first heat pipe is arranged at the thermal power generation module, and the heat release end of the first heat pipe is used to be buried in the mountain to transfer the residual heat at the thermal power generation module to the mountain. The underground nuclear power source of the present application is used for nuclear power generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments of the present application relate to but are not limited to the field of nuclear power, and in particular to an underground nuclear power source. Background Art

[0002] Building nuclear reactors underground can effectively resist the impact of extreme natural disasters by relying on the natural disaster resistance of underground projects. At the same time, the inclusiveness of underground caverns can effectively prevent the spread of radioactive materials under severe accident conditions. Even if a serious accident occurs, the core can be directly sealed underground.

[0003] The waste heat of underground nuclear power sources is usually removed by air or rivers. For example, open caverns are excavated for ventilation and heat dissipation, or waste heat is introduced into underground rivers. However, excavating open caverns and using underground rivers are both restricted by the geographical environment. In addition, open caverns and using underground rivers are prone to nuclear proliferation after a reactor accident, and are less safe. Therefore, an underground nuclear power source that does not rely on the atmosphere or underground rivers and can safely and stably discharge heat is needed. Summary of the invention

[0004] The underground nuclear power source provided in the embodiment of the present application transfers the residual heat at the thermal power generation module to the mountain for heat dissipation. The underground nuclear power source does not rely on the atmosphere or underground rivers for heat dissipation, has good safety and low accident risk.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides an underground nuclear power source, including a thermal power generation module and a first heat pipe. The thermal power generation module is arranged in the stratum, and the thermal power generation module is used to generate thermal energy and convert it into electrical energy; the heat absorption end of the first heat pipe is arranged at the thermal power generation module, and the heat release end of the first heat pipe is used to be buried in the mountain to transfer the residual heat at the thermal power generation module to the mountain.

[0006] The underground nuclear power source provided in the embodiment of the present application, the thermal power generation module is built in the stratum, and the natural disaster resistance of the underground project can be used to effectively resist the impact of extreme natural disasters, and a reliable operating environment can be created for the thermal power generation module. The thermal power generation module can include a nuclear reactor, a heat exchange power generation equipment, etc. The thermal power generation module is mainly used to generate thermal energy and convert the thermal energy into electrical energy. In this process, there may be excess thermal energy, and it is necessary to discharge the excess heat in time for heat dissipation. By setting a first heat pipe, the heat absorption end of the first heat pipe is set at the thermal power generation module to absorb the excess heat of the thermal power generation module, and the heat release end of the first heat pipe is used to be buried in the mountain. The first heat pipe The heat release end transfers the residual heat of the thermal power generation module to the mountain, and uses the high specific heat capacity of the mountain for heat dissipation, which can conveniently and effectively dissipate heat and is not easily affected by the geographical environment and natural climate. The residual heat can be stably discharged to the mountain, and the mountain is used as the final heat sink. Moreover, the thermal power generation module and the first heat pipe are both in a relatively closed underground, and the entire underground nuclear power supply has good sealing properties. Compared with the underground nuclear power supply heat dissipation scheme in the related art, the underground nuclear power supply of the present application uses the first heat pipe to transfer the residual heat at the thermal power generation module to the mountain for heat dissipation. The underground nuclear power supply does not rely on the atmosphere or underground rivers for heat dissipation, has good safety, and has a low risk of accidents.

[0007] In a possible implementation of the present application, a gap is left between the first heat pipe and the inner wall of the mountain, and the gap is filled with heat-conducting gas. The heat-conducting gas, as an intermediate medium, can have good contact with the first heat pipe and the channel wall, reducing the contact thermal resistance between the two, thereby achieving efficient heat conduction between the first heat pipe and the mountain.

[0008] In a possible implementation of the present application, the heat-conducting gas includes helium. Helium has a small molecular weight, fast molecular motion speed, high heat conduction efficiency, and helium is an inert gas with inactive chemical properties, making it safer to use.

[0009] In a possible implementation of the present application, support members are provided along the first heat pipe, and the support members are used to fix the first heat pipe to the inner wall of the mountain.

[0010] In a possible implementation of the present application, the first heat pipe is arranged in a vertical direction, the lower end of the first heat pipe is arranged at the thermal power generation module, and the upper end of the first heat pipe is used to be buried in the mountain.

[0011] In a possible implementation of the present application, the first heat pipe is a gravity heat pipe. The heat transfer medium in the gravity heat pipe condenses at the heat release end and then flows back to the heat absorption end by gravity, avoiding the use of a liquid wick, having a simple internal structure, easy processing, reliable operation, and high heat transfer efficiency.

[0012] In a possible implementation of the present application, a heat storage pool is also included. The heat storage pool is arranged inside the mountain, and a heat storage material is arranged inside the heat storage pool. The heat release end of the first heat pipe extends into the heat storage material. By setting up the heat storage pool and adding the heat storage material, the heat storage material can absorb and store the heat transferred from the first heat pipe, and then exchange heat with the mountain at a stable heat conduction rate to transfer the heat to the mountain. Since the heat storage material is arranged, the heat transfer can be buffered to avoid the first heat pipe being unable to complete the heat dissipation when the residual heat peaks.

[0013] In a possible implementation of the present application, the heat storage material includes an aluminum-silicon alloy material.

[0014] In a possible implementation of the present application, there are multiple first heat pipes, and the multiple first heat pipes are evenly spaced apart.

[0015] In a possible implementation of the present application, a plurality of first heat pipes are distributed in an array to improve heat dissipation efficiency and fault tolerance.

[0016] In a possible implementation of the present application, the thermal power generation module includes a nuclear reactor and a heat exchange power generation device, the nuclear reactor is used to generate thermal energy, the heat exchange power generation device is used to convert thermal energy into electrical energy, a second heat pipe is inserted into the nuclear reactor, and an end of the second heat pipe away from the nuclear reactor is connected to the heat exchange power generation device to transfer the heat of the nuclear reactor to the heat exchange power generation device. The second heat pipe can efficiently transfer the heat generated by the nuclear reactor to the heat exchange power generation device.

[0017] In a possible implementation of the present application, there are multiple second heat pipes. Multiple second heat pipes can improve the fault tolerance rate, and even if some of the second heat pipes are damaged, the heat transfer between the nuclear reactor and the heat exchange power generation equipment can still be carried out. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of an underground nuclear power source provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of filling heat-conducting gas in an underground nuclear power source provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the connection of the support members in the underground nuclear power source provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a heat storage pool in an underground nuclear power source provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the layout of the first heat pipe in the underground nuclear power source provided in an embodiment of the present application within the mountain;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the connection of a heat conduction circuit in an underground nuclear power source provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the connection of the second heat pipe in the underground nuclear power source provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Reference numerals:

[0026] 1-thermal power generation module; 11-nuclear reactor; 12-heat exchange power generation equipment; 13-heat conduction circuit; 14-working fluid pump; 15-distributor; 16-energy storage battery module; 2-first heat pipe; 3-support; 4-second heat pipe; 5-heat conduction gas; 6-heat storage tank; 7-load device; 8-mountain; 9-channel wall. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the specific technical solution of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application, but are not used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0028] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0029] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, directional terms such as "up", "down", "left" and "right" are defined relative to the orientation of the components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, and they may change accordingly according to the changes in the orientation of the components in the drawings.

[0030] In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.

[0031] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.

[0032] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0033] The embodiment of the present application provides an underground nuclear power source, which is a nuclear energy complex that places several nuclear reactors and their control systems, fuel storage facilities and disposal repositories underground or partially buries them underground. The underground nuclear power source arranges reactors and other nuclear facilities in underground rock or stable mountains, which is conducive to preventing the large-scale spread of radioactive materials in serious accidents.

[0034] Reference Figure 1 The underground nuclear power source provided in the embodiment of the present application includes a thermal power generation module 1 and a first heat pipe 2. The thermal power generation module 1 is arranged in the stratum, and the thermal power generation module 1 is used to generate thermal energy and convert it into electrical energy; the heat absorption end of the first heat pipe 2 is arranged at the thermal power generation module 1, and the heat release end of the first heat pipe 2 is used to be buried in the mountain 8 to transfer the residual heat at the thermal power generation module 1 to the mountain 8.

[0035] The underground nuclear power source provided in the embodiment of the present application, the thermal power generation module 1 is built in the stratum, and the natural disaster resistance of the underground project can be used to effectively resist the impact of extreme natural disasters, so as to create a reliable operating environment for the thermal power generation module 1. The thermal power generation module 1 can include a nuclear reactor 11, a heat exchange power generation device 12, etc. The thermal power generation module 1 is mainly used to generate thermal energy and convert the thermal energy into electrical energy. In this process, there may be excess thermal energy, and it is necessary to discharge the excess heat in time for heat dissipation. By setting a first heat pipe 2, the heat absorbing end of the first heat pipe 2 is set at the thermal power generation module 1 to absorb the excess heat of the thermal power generation module 1, and the heat releasing end of the first heat pipe 2 is used to be buried in the mountain 8, and the heat releasing end of the first heat pipe 2 transfers the excess heat of the thermal power generation module 1 to the mountain 8. The heat is transferred to the mountain 8, and the high specific heat capacity of the mountain 8 is used for heat dissipation, which can be convenient and effective in heat dissipation, and is not easily affected by the geographical environment and natural climate. The remaining heat can be stably discharged to the mountain 8, and the mountain 8 is used as the final heat sink. Moreover, the thermal power generation module 1 and the first heat pipe 2 are both in a relatively closed underground, and the entire underground nuclear power supply has good sealing. Compared with the underground nuclear power supply heat dissipation scheme in the related technology, the underground nuclear power supply of the present application uses the first heat pipe 2 to transfer the remaining heat at the thermal power generation module 1 to the mountain 8 for heat dissipation. When constructing the underground nuclear power supply, there is no need to consider geographical and climatic factors too much, the site selection is more flexible, and the heat dissipation can be stably achieved. There is no need to build a cooling tower or excavate a large ventilation cavern, and the underground nuclear power supply has good sealing.

[0036] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 The thermal power generation module 1 may include a nuclear reactor 11 and a heat exchange power generation device 12. The nuclear reactor 11 is used to generate heat energy, and the heat exchange power generation device 12 is used to convert heat energy into electrical energy. The heat exchange power generation device 12 may be a thermoelectric generator, a Stirling generator, or a steam generator, etc., and this application does not limit this. When constructing an underground nuclear power source, a cavern is excavated in the stratum according to the engineering plan. Two interconnected caverns may be excavated, and the nuclear reactor 11 and the heat exchange power generation device 12 are respectively arranged. Emergency sealing devices such as isolation doors and blasting sealing structures are arranged between the two. In the event of an emergency accident of the nuclear reactor 11, the nuclear reactor 11 can be directly sealed in a closed underground environment.

[0037] In addition, the first heat pipe 2 can be a heat pipe in the form of a core heat pipe, a gravity heat pipe, etc. The heat pipe is a heat transfer element with extremely high thermal conductivity. The heat pipe usually includes a tube shell and a liquid wick. The tube shell is vacuum-set and filled with a heat-conducting medium. The heat-conducting medium absorbs heat at the heat-absorbing end of the heat pipe and evaporates into gas, which flows to the heat-releasing end of the heat pipe through convection. The heat-conducting medium condenses into liquid again after releasing heat at the heat-releasing end, and flows back to the heat-absorbing end in the liquid wick through capillary action. The heat pipe transfers heat through the evaporation and condensation of the heat-conducting medium in the fully enclosed vacuum tube. It has a series of advantages such as high thermal conductivity, excellent isothermal properties, heat flux density variability, heat flow direction reversibility, constant temperature characteristics, etc., and has a compact structure, small fluid resistance, and can transfer heat over long distances.

[0038] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the tube shell and the heat-conducting medium in the first heat pipe 2, both of which can be determined according to the parameters of the nuclear reactor 11. Optionally, in a possible implementation of the present application, the tube shell is made of steel material and the heat-conducting medium is sodium.

[0039] At the same time, the present application does not limit the cross-sectional shape of the first heat pipe 2. For example, the cross-sectional shape of the first heat pipe 2 is circular; for another example, the cross-sectional shape of the first heat pipe 2 is rectangular; for another example, the cross-sectional shape of the first heat pipe 2 is elliptical, etc.

[0040] In addition, the first heat pipe 2 can be straight or bent to avoid other objects that are inconvenient to move. Considering the convenience of construction and transferring the remaining heat as far as possible, the first heat pipe 2 adopts a straight structure.

[0041] For example, the first heat pipe 2 can be directly buried in the mountain 8, for example, a tunnel is excavated in the mountain 8, and the first heat pipe 2 is placed into the mountain 8 along the tunnel. At this time, the first heat pipe 2 and the mountain 8 are in direct contact, but since the contact surface of the two cannot be guaranteed to be highly fitted, there is a large contact thermal resistance, which affects the heat conduction between the first heat pipe 2 and the mountain 8.

[0042] To solve this problem, refer to Figure 2 In a possible implementation of the present application, a gap is left between the first heat pipe 2 and the inner wall of the mountain 8, that is, the channel wall 9, and the gap is filled with a heat-conducting gas 5. By filling the heat-conducting gas 5 between the first heat pipe 2 and the channel wall 9, the heat-conducting gas 5 serves as an intermediate medium and can be in good contact with the first heat pipe 2 and the channel wall 9, thereby reducing the contact thermal resistance between the two, thereby achieving efficient heat conduction between the first heat pipe 2 and the mountain 8.

[0043] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the type of heat-conducting gas 5. The thermal conductivity of a gas is related to the molecular weight of the gas. At the same temperature, gas molecules with a smaller molecular weight move faster. The faster the speed of heat transfer through molecular motion collision, the higher the efficiency of heat conduction. Therefore, gases with a smaller molecular weight have better thermal conductivity. In a possible implementation of the present application, the heat-conducting gas 5 includes helium, which has a small molecular weight, a fast molecular motion speed, and a high efficiency of heat conduction. Helium is an inert gas with an inactive chemical property and is safer to use. The heat-conducting gas 5 can be only helium, or other gases can be added for improvement, and the present application does not limit this.

[0044] Accordingly, in order to ensure that the heat-conducting gas 5 is filled in the gap between the first heat pipe 2 and the inner wall of the mountain 8, the opening of the channel needs to be sealed. In addition, as time goes by, the heat-conducting gas 5 will diffuse into the mountain 8 and be lost. Therefore, the heat-conducting gas 5 should be regularly checked and replenished in time when the underground nuclear power source is in operation.

[0045] Since the transmission distance of the first heat pipe 2 is long and the overall length is long, in order to prevent the first heat pipe 2 from being skewed in the gap, refer to Figure 3 In a possible implementation of the present application, a support member 3 is arranged along the first heat pipe 2, and the support member 3 is used to fix the first heat pipe 2 to the inner wall of the mountain 8, that is, the channel wall 9. Specifically, there are multiple support members 3, and the multiple support members 3 are arranged at equal distances along the extension direction of the first heat pipe 2.

[0046] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the form of the support member 3. Optionally, in a possible implementation of the present application, the two ends of the support member 3 are respectively against the outer wall of the first heat pipe 2 and the channel wall 9, and the end of the support member 3 close to the first heat pipe 2 is concave and fits with the outer wall of the first heat pipe 2, and the end of the support member 3 close to the channel wall 9 is convex and fits with the channel wall 9. This solution is suitable for supporting only one side of the first heat pipe 2 when the first heat pipe 2 is tilted or placed horizontally. It has a simple structure and is easy to install.

[0047] In another possible implementation of the present application, the support member 3 includes a clamp arranged on the peripheral side of the first heat pipe 2. The clamp can be a movable clamp for easy disassembly. The peripheral side of the clamp is provided with multiple legs arranged along the radial direction of the first heat pipe 2. The lengths of the multiple legs are consistent and are distributed in a ring shape along the peripheral side of the clamp. The leg rests against the channel wall 9 away from the end of the clamp. The multiple legs support the first heat pipe 2 from multiple directions to ensure that the first heat pipe 2 is in the center of the channel, or only one leg is arranged on the peripheral side of the clamp, and the leg is inserted into the channel wall 9 away from the end of the clamp and fixed to the channel wall 9. The legs of the multiple support members 3 are arranged along different radial directions of the first heat pipe 2.

[0048] Accordingly, the first heat pipe 2 can be inclined, horizontally arranged, or vertically arranged, depending on the actual construction conditions. Figure 1 In a possible implementation of the present application, the first heat pipe 2 is arranged in a vertical direction, the lower end of the first heat pipe 2 is arranged at the heat exchange power generation equipment 12 of the thermal power generation module 1, and the upper end of the first heat pipe 2 is used to be buried in the mountain 8.

[0049] On this basis, optionally, the first heat pipe 2 is a gravity heat pipe, which is also called a two-phase closed thermal siphon. The heat-conducting medium in the gravity heat pipe condenses at the heat-releasing end and then flows back to the heat-absorbing end by gravity, thus avoiding the use of a liquid-absorbing core. The internal structure is simple, easy to process, reliable in operation, and has high heat-conducting efficiency.

[0050] Since there is a large heat fluctuation at the heat exchange power generation module 1, and the heat exchange efficiency between the first heat pipe 2 and the mountain 8 is relatively constant, in order to better adapt to the heat fluctuation, refer to Figure 4 In a possible implementation of the present application, a heat storage tank 6 is further included. The heat storage tank 6 is arranged in the mountain 8, and a heat storage material is arranged in the heat storage tank 6. The heat release end of the first heat pipe 2 extends into the heat storage material.

[0051] By setting up a heat storage tank 6 and adding heat storage materials, the heat storage material can absorb and store the heat transferred from the first heat pipe 2, and then exchange heat with the mountain 8 at a stable thermal conductivity rate to transfer the heat to the mountain 8. Since the heat storage material is set up, the heat transfer can be buffered to avoid the first heat pipe 2 being unable to complete the heat dissipation when the residual heat peaks.

[0052] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the heat storage material. Optionally, in a possible implementation of the present application, the heat storage material includes an aluminum-silicon alloy material.

[0053] On this basis, a cavity is excavated in the mountain 8 to form a heat storage tank 6, and the heat storage tank 6 is filled with heat storage material. The heat storage material is in direct contact with the mountain 8, and a channel is excavated in the heat storage material. The radial area of ​​the channel is larger than the radial area of ​​the first heat pipe 2. The heat release end of the first heat pipe 2 extends into the channel in the heat storage material, and heat-conducting gas 5 is filled between the first heat pipe 2 and the heat storage material.

[0054] In order to improve heat dissipation efficiency and increase fault tolerance, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 In a possible implementation of the present application, there are multiple first heat pipes 2, and the multiple first heat pipes 2 form a first heat pipe array, and the multiple first heat pipes 2 are evenly spaced so that each first heat pipe 2 can effectively transfer heat to the mountain 8. The multiple first heat pipes 2 have higher heat transfer efficiency, and when one of the first heat pipes 2 is damaged, the remaining first heat pipes 2 can continue to transfer the remaining heat to the mountain 8, and the fault tolerance rate is higher.

[0055] It should be noted that the present application does not limit the arrangement of the multiple first heat pipes 2. Optionally, in a possible implementation of the present application, the multiple first heat pipes 2 are distributed in an array, and the array distribution can be a circular array or a square array, etc., which can be set according to actual construction conditions and heat dissipation requirements.

[0056] In addition, the lengths of multiple first heat pipes 2 can be consistent or inconsistent. If the lengths of the first heat pipes 2 are consistent, it is convenient for construction. If the lengths of the first heat pipes 2 are different, heat can be transferred to the mountain 8 in sections along the extension direction of the first heat pipe array, so that heat exchange can be carried out with the mountain 8 along the line of the first heat pipe array, thereby transferring more heat to the mountain 8, avoiding local heat accumulation in the mountain 8 and affecting the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0057] It should be noted that when the heat storage tank 6 is set up, multiple channels are excavated in the heat storage material in the heat storage tank 6, and the multiple channels correspond to the multiple first heat pipes 2 one by one, so that the heat in the multiple first heat pipes 2 can be transferred to the heat storage material, and then heat exchange is carried out through the heat storage material and the mountain 8 at a stable thermal conductivity rate.

[0058] On this basis, there are many forms of heat transfer between the nuclear reactor 11 and the heat exchange power generation equipment 12, see Figure 6 In a possible implementation of the present application, the thermal power generation module 1 further includes a heat conduction loop 13, the nuclear reactor 11 and the heat exchange power generation equipment 12 are both arranged along the heat conduction loop 13, a working fluid circulates in the heat conduction loop 13, wherein the working fluid may be a liquid metal such as lithium, sodium, lead, bismuth, etc., the working fluid flowing in the heat conduction loop 13 transfers the heat energy generated by the nuclear reactor 11 to the heat exchange power generation equipment 12, and the remaining heat energy used by the heat exchange power generation equipment 12 is discharged to the mountain 8 through the first heat pipe 2, and the heat exchange power generation equipment 12 is discharged to the mountain 8 through the first heat pipe 2. The electrical equipment 12 is electrically connected to the distributor 15, and the distributor 15 is electrically connected to the load device 7 and the energy storage battery module 16 respectively, so that part of the electric energy generated by the heat exchange power generation equipment 12 is directly used by the load device 7, and the other part can be stored in the energy storage battery module 16 for standby. In addition, a working fluid pump 14 is also provided in the heat conduction circuit 13 to drive the flow of the working fluid in the heat conduction circuit 13. The working fluid pump 14 can be electrically connected to the energy storage battery module 16 and operate using the electric energy stored in the energy storage battery module 16.

[0059] Reference Figure 7In a possible implementation of the present application, a second heat pipe 4 is inserted into the nuclear reactor 11, and one end of the second heat pipe 4 away from the nuclear reactor 11 is connected to the heat exchange power generation device 12 to transfer the heat of the nuclear reactor 11 to the heat exchange power generation device 12. Specifically, the heat absorption end of the second heat pipe 4 is inserted into the core of the nuclear reactor 11, and the heat release end of the second heat pipe 4 is arranged at the heat exchange power generation device 12. The residual heat energy of the heat exchange power generation device 12 is discharged to the mountain 8 through the first heat pipe 2. The heat exchange power generation device 12 is electrically connected to the distributor 15, and the distributor 15 is electrically connected to the load device 7 and the energy storage battery module 16 respectively. The second heat pipe 4 can be a high-temperature alkali metal heat pipe. The working fluid and tube shell material of the second heat pipe 4 are determined according to the working temperature. Optionally, a molybdenum-lithium heat pipe is used when the working temperature is high. By utilizing the good thermal conductivity of the heat pipe, the second heat pipe 4 can efficiently transfer the heat generated by the nuclear reactor 11 to the heat exchange power generation equipment 12, and the heat-conducting medium in the heat pipe structure does not need to be driven by external force, so there is no need to set a working fluid pump 14, which simplifies the structure of the underground nuclear power source.

[0060] In order to prevent the operation of the underground nuclear power source from being affected when the heat conduction loop 13 is damaged, other redundant measures are often required, which results in the underground nuclear power source being complicated in design and construction, occupying a large space, and having a high cost.

[0061] Optionally, in a possible implementation of the present application, there are multiple second heat pipes 4, and the multiple second heat pipes 4 form a second heat pipe array. The multiple second heat pipes 4 in the second heat pipe array can be arranged in a denser center and sparser outside, or in other arrangements, and the present application does not limit this. The multiple second heat pipes 4 in the second heat pipe array can improve the fault tolerance rate. Even if some of the second heat pipes 4 are damaged, the heat transfer between the nuclear reactor 11 and the heat exchange power generation equipment 12 can still be carried out. At the same time, the multiple second heat pipes 4 in the second heat pipe array have similar structures and similar standards, which is conducive to construction. The second heat pipes 4 have a compact structure and require less space than the heat conduction loop 13.

[0062] Since part of the heat transferred from the nuclear reactor 11 to the heat exchange power generation equipment 12 through the second heat pipe array is used for power generation by the heat exchange power generation equipment 12, the remaining part is residual heat that needs to be transferred to the mountain 8 through the first heat pipe array. The heat transferred by the second heat pipe array is higher than the heat transferred by the first heat pipe array. Therefore, in a possible implementation of the present application, the second heat pipe 4 and the first heat pipe 2 are heat pipes with the same thermal conductivity parameters, and the number of the second heat pipes 4 is greater than the number of the first heat pipes 2; alternatively, the number of the second heat pipes 4 and the first heat pipes 2 is the same, but the thermal conductivity parameters are different, and the present application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0063] To sum up, the underground nuclear power supply provided in the embodiment of the present application adopts a first heat pipe array to transfer the residual heat at the thermal power generation module 1 to the mountain 8 for heat dissipation. When constructing the underground nuclear power supply, there is no need to consider geographical and climatic factors too much, and the heat dissipation can be stable; there is no need to build a cooling tower or excavate a large ventilation cavern, and the underground nuclear power supply has good sealing properties; helium is filled between the first heat pipe and the channel wall 9 to reduce the contact thermal resistance and improve the heat dissipation efficiency; a heat storage tank 6 is set to exchange heat with the mountain 8 at a stable thermal conductivity rate to cope with the peak period of residual heat; a second heat pipe array is set to efficiently transfer the heat generated by the nuclear reactor 11 to the heat exchange power generation equipment 12, and improve the fault tolerance rate.

[0064] The serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are only for description and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An underground nuclear power source, characterized in that: include: A thermal power generation module is disposed in the stratum, and is used to generate thermal energy and convert it into electrical energy; A first heat pipe, wherein a heat absorbing end of the first heat pipe is disposed at the thermal power generation module, and a heat releasing end of the first heat pipe is used to be buried in the mountain to transfer the residual heat at the thermal power generation module to the mountain; A gap is left between the first heat pipe and the inner wall of the mountain, and the gap is filled with heat-conducting gas. The heat-conducting gas, as an intermediate medium, is in good contact with the first heat pipe and the inner wall of the mountain; or a cavity is dug in the mountain to form a heat storage pool, and the heat storage pool is filled with heat storage material. The heat storage material is in direct contact with the mountain, and a channel is dug in the heat storage material. The radial area of ​​the channel is larger than the radial area of ​​the first heat pipe. The heat-releasing end of the first heat pipe extends into the channel of the heat storage material, and the heat-conducting gas is filled between the first heat pipe and the heat storage material; The thermal power generation module includes a nuclear reactor and a heat exchange power generation device, wherein the nuclear reactor is used to generate thermal energy, and the heat exchange power generation device is used to convert the thermal energy into electrical energy. A second heat pipe is inserted in the nuclear reactor, and one end of the second heat pipe away from the nuclear reactor is connected to the heat exchange power generation device to transfer the heat of the nuclear reactor to the heat exchange power generation device; A plurality of the first heat pipes form a first heat pipe array, and a plurality of the second heat pipes form a second heat pipe array. Part of the heat transferred from the nuclear reactor to the heat exchange power generation equipment through the second heat pipe array is used for power generation by the heat exchange power generation equipment, and the remaining part is residual heat, which is transferred to the mountain through the first heat pipe array.

2. The underground nuclear power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat transfer gas includes helium.

3. The underground nuclear power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: Support members are arranged along the first heat pipe, and the support members are used to fix the first heat pipe to the inner wall of the mountain.

4. The underground nuclear power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first heat pipe is arranged in a vertical direction, the lower end of the first heat pipe is arranged at the thermal power generation module, and the upper end of the first heat pipe is used to be buried in a mountain.

5. The underground nuclear power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first heat pipe is a gravity heat pipe.

6. The underground nuclear power source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat storage material comprises an aluminum-silicon alloy material.

7. The underground nuclear power source according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The plurality of first heat pipes are evenly spaced apart.

8. The underground nuclear power source according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plurality of first heat pipes are distributed in an array.

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