A variable force double-disc wheat seed furrow pressing sowing unit and seed furrow pressing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable force double-disc wheat seed furrow pressing sowing unit and a seed furrow pressing method. The variable force double-disc wheat seed furrow pressing sowing unit comprises a frame and a sowing furrowing device, a seed furrow pressing device, a spring working tension adjusting device, a hydraulic control device and a sowing depth detecting device arranged on the frame. A frame clamping seat is arranged on the frame. The sowing furrowing device and the seed furrow pressing are hinged to the frame clamping seat in parallel through pins. The sowing furrowing device comprises a double-disc furrow opener, a seed tube and a seed furrow constructing mechanism. The double-disc furrow opener and the seed furrow constructing mechanism are both fixed to the lower end of the seed tube. The seed furrow pressing device comprises a pressing wheel and a pressing wheel connecting plate. The pressing wheel is hinged to the lower end of the pressing wheel connecting plate. The top ends of the seed tube and the pressing wheel connecting plate are both hinged to the frame clamping seat through pins. The pressing wheel connecting plate is connected to the hydraulic control device, the seed tube is connected to the spring working tension adjusting device, and the sowing depth detecting device comprises an angle sensor and a tension sensor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a variable-force double-disc wheat seed furrow pressing sowing unit and a seed furrow pressing method. Background Art

[0002] Wheat is one of China's three major grain crops, and has basically achieved full mechanization, but there are still certain shortcomings in different regions and different production links. Improving sowing quality is a key link in wheat production and can lay a solid foundation for high yields and harvests.

[0003] One of the core links of seeding operation is to build a suitable seedbed soil structure, form good seedbed performance, and provide a good environment and conditions for seed germination and seedling growth. Seedbed construction technology has become one of the main directions in the field of seeding technology research, and it is also a frontier research field of integration and intersection of agricultural machinery and agronomy. At present, precision seeding has become the main trend of seeding operation. Among them, precision seeding technology is to sow a predetermined number of qualified seeds to a predetermined part of the soil that meets the requirements. The three-dimensional spatial coordinate position is composed of row spacing, seed spacing (plant spacing) and sowing depth to achieve the purpose of saving good varieties, maintaining soil fertility, reducing working hours and uniform field emergence. This technology is a comprehensive advanced technology involving multiple disciplines such as agricultural machinery, agronomy, soil and fertilizer, seeds, and plant protection. In developed countries such as Europe and the United States, a fairly complete system has been formed and it is widely used to sow crops such as soybeans, corn, cotton, sorghum, and beets. The key links that affect the accuracy of precision seeding include: seeding, seeding, and seedbed construction. Through a large number of literature studies, it is found that most of the in-depth research on precision seeding technology by domestic and foreign researchers focuses on components such as seeding devices, while research on seedbed construction is relatively small.

[0004] Common seedbed construction requires a furrow opener to open the trench and cover the soil to suppress it. At present, the types of furrow openers commonly used on seed drills mainly include hoe shovel type, arrow shovel type, sliding knife type, core plow type, boot shoe type, boat shovel type, double disc type and single disc type. Among them, the double disc furrow opener has the widest application range. Its advantages are simple structure, stable operation, low resistance, adaptability to high-speed seeding operations, and it is not easy to produce clay, soil and blockage during the furrowing process. However, the seed furrow opened by the double disc furrow opener is "W" shaped rather than "V" shaped, that is, there are pointed protrusions at the bottom of the furrow, and there will be some soil return phenomenon. The soil slides along the furrow wall, further causing inconsistent furrow depth and poor sowing depth consistency; the furrow wall is uneven, and the seeds hang on the furrow wall after falling, causing lateral deviation; because there are soil blocks sliding at the bottom of the furrow, the seeds will roll when entering the seed furrow until they stabilize at a certain position, which will cause inconsistent plant spacing. In addition, the soil at the bottom of the ditch is loose and contains many clods, which is not conducive to good contact between seeds and soil. At the same time, it will reduce or even lose the capillary action of the soil, affecting seed germination and emergence.

[0005] The intensity of soil covering and compaction cannot effectively compact the soil in the tillage layer where the seed belt is located, or when the required compaction degree is reached, the surface soil has been over-compacted. This affects the infiltration of precipitation, reduces the source of soil moisture, and even affects the seedlings from breaking through the soil. Therefore, a seed furrow compaction method is proposed. After the wheat seeds fall into the seed bed, compaction is first performed to compact the soil in the tillage layer where the seed belt is located, and then soil covering is performed. In this way, a high-quality seed bed structure is constructed to provide a good soil environment and conditions for wheat seed germination and seedling growth.

[0006] Most of the existing sowing and pressing methods are pre-sowing pressing in the form of a pressing roller at the front of the seeder or post-sowing pressing in the form of a pressing roller at the rear of the seeder. Pre-sowing pressing is to press and compact the seed bed to be operated before wheat sowing, and post-sowing pressing is to cover and press the seed bed within the entire operating width after the sowing operation. Both operations are to process the surface soil. Because the surface soil is too solid, the purpose of embedding the seeds in the seed bed cannot be achieved. The upper part is solid and the lower part is hollow, and neither has a substantial impact on the construction of the seed bed.

[0007] In recent years, abnormal weather conditions have brought about changes in soil properties, which has put forward higher requirements for seed drills to adapt to land changes. However, the compression intensity set by traditional seed drills is generally a fixed value, which cannot meet the requirements of the same operating level under different operating conditions. Traditional seed drills have little effect in terms of seed furrow construction and compaction. And seed drills that can achieve different seed furrow compression intensities for different soil conditions have not yet been introduced.

[0008] To solve the problem of sowing quality, different soil types and machine performance are the key to seed bed construction. Summary of the invention

[0009] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a variable-force double-disc wheat seed furrow pressing sowing unit and a seed furrow pressing method. The unit can construct a high-quality seed furrow and a seed bed structure in which the seeds are located, so that the seeds are embedded in the soil, and the soil of the tillage layer where the seed belt is located is compacted. The pressing strength is adjusted for soils with different properties, the consistency of sowing depth is increased, and the consistency of operation quality under different operating conditions is ensured, which is conducive to seed germination.

[0010] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0011] A double-disc wheat seed furrow pressing sowing unit comprises a frame and a seed furrowing device, a seed furrow pressing device, a spring working tension adjusting device, a hydraulic control device and a sowing depth detecting device arranged on the frame. A frame holder is arranged on the frame. The seed furrowing device and the seed furrow pressing are hinged to the frame holder side by side through pins. The seed furrowing device comprises a double-disc furrow opener, a seed tube and a seed furrow building mechanism. The double-disc furrow opener and the seed furrow building mechanism are both fixed to the lower end of the seed tube. A seed spring connecting plate is arranged in the middle of the seed tube. The seed furrow pressing device comprises a pressing wheel and a pressing wheel connecting plate. The pressing wheel is hinged to the lower end of the pressing wheel connecting plate. The top ends of the seed tube and the pressing wheel connecting plate are both hinged to the frame holder through pins. The pressing wheel connecting plate is connected to the hydraulic control device, the seed tube is connected to the spring working tension adjusting device, and the sowing depth detecting device comprises an angle sensor and a tension sensor. The angle sensor is connected to the hydraulic control device, and the tension sensor is connected to the spring working tension adjusting device.

[0012] Furthermore, the seed trench construction mechanism includes a straight seed tube, a seed baffle and an inclined pressure plate. The straight seed tube and the seed tube are connected by a seed tube adjusting bolt. The left and right sides of the straight seed tube are provided with seed baffles, and the seed baffles are connected by a connecting plate. An inclined pressure plate is provided at the front end of the seed baffle. The outlet of the straight seed tube is located in the area enclosed by the seed baffle, the connecting plate and the inclined pressure plate. The inclined pressure plate is fixed to the seed baffles on both sides by screws.

[0013] Furthermore, the spring working tension adjustment device consists of a spring shaft, a spring shaft fastener, an adjustment handle, a spring shaft pull rod, a pull rod fixing piece and a sowing stretch spring. The spring shaft fastener and the pull rod fixing piece are both fixed on the frame. The spring shaft is fixed to the frame through the spring shaft fastener. One end of the spring shaft pull rod is provided with a thread. The other end of the spring shaft pull rod is connected to the spring shaft through a pin. A long hole is provided in the middle of the pull rod fixing piece. The threaded end of the spring shaft pull rod passes through the pull rod fixing piece and is threadedly connected to the adjustment handle. One end of the sowing stretch spring is connected to the spring shaft, and the other end is connected to the sowing spring connecting plate on the seed tube.

[0014] Furthermore, a furrow opener fixing rod is vertically provided below the sowing spring connecting plate, the disc pull rod on the double disc furrow opener is fixed to the furrow opener fixing rod through a furrowing depth adjusting bolt, seed tube connecting rods are provided on both sides of the upper end of the seed tube, the seed tube connecting rods are provided with through holes for pins to pass through, the seed tube is hinged to the frame holder through the seed tube connecting rod, and a sowing limit plate is provided at the upper end of the seed tube.

[0015] Furthermore, the suppressing wheel connecting plate is composed of a long suppressing wheel connecting plate and a short suppressing wheel connecting plate. A suppressing limit plate is provided on the upper part of the long suppressing wheel connecting plate, a through hole for pins to pass through is provided at the upper end of the long suppressing wheel connecting plate, and a plurality of adjustment holes are provided at the lower end of the long suppressing wheel connecting plate. The short suppressing wheel connecting plate is connected to the long suppressing wheel connecting plate through a suppression adjusting bolt.

[0016] Furthermore, the hydraulic control device includes a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder fixing frame and a hydraulic cylinder connecting plate, the two ends of the hydraulic cylinder connecting plate are fixed on the long connecting plate of the pressing wheel, the hydraulic cylinder fixing frame is fixed on the frame, the upper and lower ends of the hydraulic cylinder are respectively provided with through holes, and the through holes at the upper end are provided with internal threads, the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the hydraulic cylinder fixing frame through a stud, and the lower end is hinged to the hydraulic cylinder connecting plate through a pin, and the angle sensor is fixedly connected to the stud at the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder through a thread, so that the height of the pressing wheel is determined by the rotation angle of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0017] Further, the tension sensor is located in the sowing stretch spring and two ends of the tension sensor are connected to two ends of the sowing stretch spring through a tension sensor connecting line.

[0018] Furthermore, the seed dropping baffle is a parallelogram, and the included angle α between the hypotenuse of the seed dropping baffle and the horizontal plane is 60°, and the included angle β between the inclined pressure plate and the horizontal plane is 45°.

[0019] Furthermore, the rack holder is fixed on the rack by means of U-shaped bolts.

[0020] Furthermore, the spring shaft consists of a shaft, a pull rod connecting portion and a spring connecting portion which are perpendicularly arranged on the shaft, and an angle γ between the spring connecting portion and the pull rod connecting portion is 42°.

[0021] Furthermore, the angle between the hydraulic cylinder and the vertical plane is 45°, and the rotation angle of the hydraulic cylinder is less than or equal to 20°.

[0022] The method for suppressing the seed furrow by using the variable force double disc wheat seed furrow suppressing sowing unit is as follows:

[0023] (1) Fix multiple sowing units on the frame, and multiple sowing units share a spring shaft;

[0024] (2) Rotate the adjustment handle to adjust the sowing depth of the sowing furrowing device; the tension sensor in the sowing depth detection device senses the deformation of the sowing tension spring, thereby determining the furrow depth opened by the double disc furrowing device and the sowing depth of the seeds; at the same time, the sowing depth is verified based on the angle sensor combined with the rotation angle of the hydraulic cylinder; after obtaining the sowing depth data change through the tension change of the sowing tension spring, the data is transmitted to the controller, and the controller controls the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder so that the pressing wheel adjusts the pressing force according to the actual sowing depth and the expected sowing depth;

[0025] (3) After the sowing unit moves, the double disc opener opens a seed furrow, and the inclined pressure plate flattens the opened "W"-shaped seed furrow to make the bottom of the furrow flat; the seeds fall from the seed tube and roll into the seed furrow along the inclined surface of the inclined pressure plate. During this process, the seed drop baffle prevents the seeds from splashing out of the seed furrow and reduces the phenomenon of soil returning to the seed furrow; after the seeds fall, the pressing wheel presses the seeds in the seed furrow again.

[0026] The seeds are embedded in the soil and the soil in the tillage layer where the seed belt is located is compacted.

[0027] The present invention solves the problem of protrusions in the seed furrows opened by the double disc furrow opener. After the seeds fall, the seed furrows are pressed, and the seed beds are pressed to solve the problem of excessive pressing of the soil surface. A high-quality seed growth environment is constructed for soils with different soil resistance and different water contents, and the pressing strength of the seed furrows is adjusted in real time to ensure that the sowing depths of different soils are consistent and the pressing strengths are the same. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 is a front view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a right side view of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a sowing furrowing device;

[0031] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Side view of

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the seed trench construction mechanism and the seed tube;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the kind of trench construction mechanism;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a top view of the seed trench construction mechanism after the inclined pressure plate is removed;

[0035] Figure 8 It is the front view of the oblique pressure plate;

[0036] Fig. 9 This is a front view of the tube;

[0037] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of a pipe connecting rod;

[0038] Fig.11 yes Fig.10 Side view of

[0039] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a ditch suppression device and a sowing depth detection device;

[0040] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic cylinder: (a) front view, (b) side view;

[0041] Fig.14 It is a structural diagram of a tension sensor;

[0042] Fig.15Angle sensor axonometric view;

[0043] Fig.16 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hydraulic cylinder connecting plate;

[0044] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the groove pressing device and the spring working tension adjusting device;

[0045] Fig.18 It is an axonometric view of a spring shaft fastener;

[0046] Fig.19 is a side view of the tie rod fixing;

[0047] Fig. 20 It is a top view of the spring shaft tie rod;

[0048] Fig.21 is a side view of the spring shaft tie rod;

[0049] Fig. 22 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment handle;

[0050] Fig.23 is the axonometric view of the spring shaft;

[0051] Fig.24 It is the top view of the spring shaft;

[0052] Fig.25 It is a structural schematic diagram of the long connecting plate of the pressing wheel;

[0053] Fig.26 It is a side view of the short connecting plate of the pressing wheel;

[0054] Fig. 27 It is a front view of the short connecting plate of the pressing wheel;

[0055] Fig.28 It is a structural diagram of the rack card holder;

[0056] Fig.29 It is a structural schematic diagram of a hydraulic cylinder fixing frame;

[0057] In the figure: 1. frame, 2. adjustment handle, 3. spring shaft, 4. suppression limit plate, 5. seeding stretch spring, 6. tension sensor, 7. seed tube connecting rod, 8. seed tube, 9. double disc furrow opener, 10. seed furrow construction mechanism, 11. suppression wheel, 12. U-shaped bolt, 13. angle sensor, 14. hydraulic cylinder, 15. suppression wheel long connecting plate, 16. suppression wheel short connecting plate, 17. hydraulic cylinder fixing frame, 18. frame holder, 19. pin, 20. spring shaft fastener, 21. hydraulic cylinder connecting plate, 22. suppression adjustment bolt, 23. seeding spring connecting plate, 24. furrow opener fixing rod, 25. furrowing depth adjustment bolt, 26. disc pull rod, 27. seeding straight pipe, 28. inclined pressure plate, 29. seeding baffle, 30. Seed pipe adjusting bolt, 31. connecting plate, 32. tension sensor connecting line, 33. sowing limit plate, 34. spring shaft pull rod, 35. pull rod fixing piece, 301. shaft, 302. pull rod connecting part, 303. spring connecting part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0059] Example 1

[0060] A variable force double disc wheat seed furrow pressing sowing unit, such as Figures 1 to 29 As shown, the machine comprises a frame 1 and a seeding furrowing device, a seed furrow pressing device, a spring working tension adjusting device, a hydraulic control device and a seeding depth detecting device arranged on the frame 1. A frame holder 18 is arranged on the frame 1. The seeding furrowing device and the seed furrow pressing device are both hinged to the frame holder 18 in parallel through a pin 19. The seeding furrowing device comprises a double disc furrowing device 9, a seed tube 8 and a seed furrow construction mechanism 10. The double disc furrowing device 9 and the seed furrow construction mechanism 10 are both fixed to the lower end of the seed tube 8. A seeding spring is arranged in the middle of the seed tube 8. Connecting plate 23, the seed ditch pressing device includes a pressing wheel 11 and a pressing wheel connecting plate, the pressing wheel 11 is hinged at the lower end of the pressing wheel connecting plate, the top of the seed pipe 8 and the pressing wheel connecting plate are hinged through the pin 19 and the frame holder 18, the pressing wheel connecting plate is connected to the hydraulic control device, the seed pipe 8 is connected to the spring working tension adjustment device, the sowing depth detection device includes an angle sensor 13 and a tension sensor 6, the angle sensor 13 is connected to the hydraulic control device, and the tension sensor 6 is connected to the spring working tension adjustment device.

[0061] The seed trench construction mechanism 10 includes a seed drop straight pipe 27, a seed drop baffle plate 29 and an inclined pressure plate 28. The seed drop straight pipe 27 and the seed pipe 8 are connected by a seed pipe adjusting bolt 30. The relative height between the seed trench construction mechanism 10 and the seed pipe 8 can be changed by the seed pipe adjusting bolt 30 to adapt to the height of the double disc furrow opener 9. The seed drop baffle plates 29 are provided on the left and right sides of the seed drop straight pipe 27. The seed drop baffle plates 29 are connected by a connecting plate 31. The front end of the seed drop baffle plates 29 is provided with an inclined pressure plate 28. The outlet of the seed drop straight pipe 27 is located in the area enclosed by the seed drop baffle plates 29, the connecting plate 31 and the inclined pressure plate 28. The inclined pressure plate 28 is fixed to the seed drop baffle plates 29 on both sides by screws.

[0062] Specifically, the spring working tension adjustment device is composed of a spring shaft 3, a spring shaft fastener 20, an adjustment handle 2, a spring shaft pull rod 34, a pull rod fixing member 35 and a sowing stretch spring 5. The spring shaft 3 is composed of a shaft 301, a pull rod connecting portion 302 and a spring connecting portion 303 vertically arranged on the shaft 301, and the angle γ between the spring connecting portion 303 and the pull rod connecting portion 302 is 42°.

[0063] The spring shaft fastener 20 and the pull rod fastener 35 are both fixed on the frame 1 , and the shaft 301 of the spring shaft 3 is fixed on the frame 1 through the spring shaft fastener 20 .

[0064] One end of the spring shaft tie rod 34 is provided with a thread, the other end of the spring shaft tie rod 28 is connected to the tie rod connecting portion 302 of the spring shaft 3 through a pin, a long hole is provided in the middle of the tie rod fixing piece 35, the threaded end of the spring shaft tie rod 34 passes through the tie rod fixing piece 35 and is threadedly connected to the adjustment handle 2, one end of the sowing stretch spring 5 is connected to the spring connecting portion 303 of the spring shaft 3, and the other end is connected to the sowing spring connecting plate 23 on the seed tube 8. The working angle of the spring shaft 3 is changed by rotating the adjustment handle 2, thereby adjusting the working tension of the sowing stretch spring 5. The tension sensor 6 is located in the sowing stretch spring 5, and the two ends of the tension sensor 6 are connected to the two ends of the sowing stretch spring 5 through the tension sensor connecting line 32.

[0065] Specifically, a furrow opener fixing rod 24 is vertically provided below the sowing spring connecting plate 23, and the disc pull rod 26 on the double disc furrow opener 9 is fixed to the furrow opener fixing rod 24 through a furrowing depth adjusting bolt 25, so that the working depth of the double disc furrow opener 9 can be adjusted by the furrowing depth adjusting bolt 25. Seed tube connecting rods 7 are provided on both sides of the upper end of the seed tube 8, and the seed tube connecting rod 7 is provided with a through hole for the pin 19 to pass through. The seed tube 8 is hinged to the frame holder 18 through the seed tube connecting rod 7, and a sowing limit plate 33 is provided at the upper end of the seed tube 8.

[0066] Specifically, the suppressing wheel connecting plate is composed of a long suppressing wheel connecting plate 15 and a short suppressing wheel connecting plate 16. A suppressing limit plate 4 is provided on the upper part of the long suppressing wheel connecting plate 15, a through hole for the pin 19 to pass through is provided at the upper end of the long suppressing wheel connecting plate 15, and a plurality of adjustment holes are provided at the lower end of the long suppressing wheel connecting plate 15. The short suppressing wheel connecting plate 16 is connected to the long suppressing wheel connecting plate 15 through a suppression adjusting bolt 22.

[0067] The hydraulic control device includes a hydraulic cylinder 14, a hydraulic cylinder fixing frame 17 and a hydraulic cylinder connecting plate 21. The two ends of the hydraulic cylinder connecting plate 21 are fixed on the long connecting plate 15 of the pressing wheel. The hydraulic cylinder fixing frame 17 is fixed on the frame 1. The upper and lower ends of the hydraulic cylinder 14 are respectively provided with through holes, and the through hole at the upper end is provided with an internal thread. The upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is hinged to the hydraulic cylinder fixing frame 17 through a stud (in order to prevent the nut on the stud from falling off, a circular hole is provided at the end of the stud along the diameter direction, and a cylindrical pin is inserted into the circular hole for tightening to prevent the nut from loosening). The lower end is hinged to the hydraulic cylinder connecting plate 21 through a pin. The angle sensor 13 is fixedly connected to the stud at the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder 14 so that the height of the pressing wheel 11 is determined by the rotation angle of the hydraulic cylinder 14. The angle between the hydraulic cylinder 14 and the vertical plane is 45°, and the rotation angle of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is less than or equal to 20°.

[0068] The seed dropping baffle plate 29 is a parallelogram, and the included angle α between the hypotenuse of the seed dropping baffle plate 29 and the horizontal plane is 60°, and the included angle β between the inclined pressure plate 28 and the horizontal plane is 45°.

[0069] The rack holder 18 is fixed to the rack 1 by means of U-shaped bolts 12 .

[0070] The upper part of the seeding straight pipe 27 is sleeved in the seeding pipe 8, and the relative height with the seeding pipe 8 can be changed by the seeding pipe adjusting bolt 30, so as to adapt to the height adjustment of the double disc furrow opener 9. The lower part of the seeding straight pipe 27 is welded to the seeding baffle 29, and the inclined pressure plate 28 is fixed to the seeding baffle 29 by screws. The inclined pressure plate 28 flattens the seeding furrow, and the seeding baffle 29 reduces the soil back into the seeding furrow.

[0071] The suppression limit plate 4 is welded to the long connection plate 15 of the suppression wheel. The seed tube 8 not only plays the role of conveying seeds, but also plays the role of a beam, and is welded to the sowing spring connection plate 23 and the seed tube connection rod 7. The sowing limit plate 33 is welded to the seed tube 8. The hydraulic cylinder fixing frame 17, the spring shaft fastener 20, and the pull rod fastener 35 are all welded to the frame 1. The two ends of the hydraulic cylinder connection plate 21 are respectively welded to the two long connection plates 15 of the suppression wheel. The lower part of the seed drop straight pipe 27 is welded to the seed drop baffle 29, the inclined pressure plate 28 flattens the seed furrow, and the seed drop baffle 29 reduces the soil return of the seed furrow.

[0072] The seed ditch pressing device pushes the pressing wheel 11 downward or upward by adjusting the stroke and force of the hydraulic cylinder 14. When extending, it pushes the hydraulic cylinder connecting plate 21 to move the long connecting plate 15 of the pressing wheel downward to increase the pressing strength. When returning, it drives the hydraulic cylinder connecting plate 21 to rise to lift the long connecting plate 15 of the pressing wheel to reduce the pressing force.

[0073] The sowing depth detection device senses the deformation of the sowing tension spring 5 through the tension sensor 6, thereby judging the furrow depth opened by the double disc opener 9 and the sowing depth of the seeds, and at the same time verifies the sowing depth through model calculation according to the angle sensor 13 combined with the rotation angle of the hydraulic cylinder 14, so as to achieve the function of real-time sowing depth detection. At the same time, after the sowing depth data change is obtained by the tension change of the sowing tension spring 5, the pressing wheel 11 adjusts the pressing force according to the actual sowing depth and the expected sowing depth. When the resistance of the double disc opener 9 increases, the sowing tension spring 5 stretches, and the tension sensor 6 detects the change and transmits the data to the controller. The controller controls the hydraulic rod of the hydraulic cylinder 14 to move up to reduce the pressing force, and so on, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the pressing force and regulating the sowing depth in real time according to the land state and soil conditions.

[0074] The method for sowing using the above-mentioned variable force double disc wheat seed furrow pressing sowing unit is as follows:

[0075] (1) Fixing a plurality of sowing units on a frame 1, wherein the plurality of sowing units share a spring shaft 3;

[0076] (2) Rotate the adjustment handle 2 to adjust the sowing depth of the sowing furrowing device; the tension sensor 6 in the sowing depth detection device senses the deformation of the sowing tension spring 5, thereby determining the furrow depth opened by the double disc furrow opener 9 and the sowing depth of the seeds; at the same time, the sowing depth is verified by model calculation based on the angle sensor 13 combined with the rotation angle of the hydraulic cylinder; after obtaining the sowing depth data change through the tension change of the sowing tension spring 5, the data is transmitted to the controller, and the controller controls the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder 14 so that the pressing wheel 11 adjusts the pressing force according to the actual sowing depth and the expected sowing depth;

[0077] (3) After the sowing unit moves, the double disc opener 9 opens a seed furrow, and the inclined pressure plate 28 flattens the opened "W"-shaped seed furrow to make the bottom of the furrow flat; the seeds fall from the seed tube 8 and roll into the seed furrow along the inclined surface of the inclined pressure plate 28. During this process, the seed drop baffle 29 prevents the seeds from splashing out of the seed furrow and reduces the phenomenon of soil returning to the seed furrow; after the seeds fall, the pressing wheel 11 presses the seeds in the seed furrow again, so that the seeds are embedded in the soil, and the soil in the tillage layer where the seed belt is located is compacted. The height of the pressing wheel 11 is adjusted in real time by the hydraulic cylinder 14 according to the sowing depth.

[0078] When the sowing unit is working in the field, the double disc furrow opener 9 opens a seed furrow, and the inclined pressure plate 28 flattens the opened "W"-shaped seed furrow to make the furrow bottom flat. The seeds fall from the seed tube 8 and roll into the seed furrow along the inclined surface of the inclined pressure plate 28. In this process, the seed drop baffle 29 prevents the seeds from splashing out of the seed furrow and reduces the phenomenon of soil returning in the seed furrow, creating a good environment for the seeds to fall. After the seeds fall, the sowing depth detection device obtains the sowing depth according to the sensor data, compares the preset sowing depth, and then hydraulically regulates the pressing wheel 11 14 to press the seeds in the seed furrow, so that the seeds are embedded in the soil, and the soil of the tillage layer where the seed belt is located is compacted to build a high-quality seed bed structure, achieving the effect of consistent sowing depth and uniform pressing pressure.

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions for the specific implementation of the present invention rather than to limit it. Ordinary technicians in the relevant technical field should understand that any equivalent substitutions or obvious modifications to the implementation methods of the present invention without changing its performance or use, without violating the purpose of the present invention, should be included in the scope of protection requested by the present invention.

Claims

1. A variable force double disc wheat seed furrow pressing sowing unit, characterized in that: The invention comprises a frame and a seeding furrowing device, a seed furrow pressing device, a spring working tension adjusting device, a hydraulic control device and a seeding depth detecting device arranged on the frame. A frame holder is arranged on the frame. The seeding furrowing device and the seed furrow pressing device are hinged to the frame holder side by side through pins. The seeding furrowing device comprises a double disc furrowing device, a seed tube and a seed furrow building mechanism. The double disc furrowing device and the seed furrow building mechanism are both fixed to the lower end of the seed tube. A seeding spring connecting plate is arranged in the middle of the seed tube. The seed furrow pressing device comprises a pressing wheel and a pressing wheel connecting plate. The pressing wheel is hinged to the lower end of the pressing wheel connecting plate. The top ends of the seed tube and the pressing wheel connecting plate are both hinged to the frame holder through pins. The pressing wheel connecting plate is connected to the hydraulic control device. The seed tube is connected to the spring working tension adjusting device. The seeding depth detecting device comprises an angle sensor and a tension sensor. The angle sensor is connected to the hydraulic control device. The tension sensor is connected to the spring working tension adjusting device. The seed furrow building mechanism comprises a seed dropping straight Tube, seed dropping baffle and inclined pressure plate, the seed dropping straight tube and the seed tube are connected by the seed tube adjusting bolts, seed dropping baffles are arranged on the left and right sides of the seed dropping straight tube, the seed dropping baffles are connected by a connecting plate, an inclined pressure plate is arranged at the front end of the seed dropping baffle, the outlet of the seed dropping straight tube is located in the area enclosed by the seed dropping baffle, the connecting plate and the inclined pressure plate, and the inclined pressure plate is fixed to the seed dropping baffles on both sides by screws; the spring working tension adjustment device is composed of a spring shaft, a spring shaft fastener, an adjustment handle, a spring shaft pull rod, a pull rod fixing piece and a seeding stretching spring, the spring shaft fastener and the pull rod fixing piece are all fixed on the frame, the spring shaft is fixed to the frame by the spring shaft fastener, one end of the spring shaft pull rod is provided with a thread, the other end of the spring shaft pull rod is connected to the spring shaft by a pin, a long hole is provided in the middle of the pull rod fixing piece, the threaded end of the spring shaft pull rod passes through the pull rod fixing piece and is threadedly connected to the adjusting handle, one end of the seeding stretching spring is connected to the spring shaft, and the other end is connected to the seeding spring connecting plate on the seed tube.

2. The variable force double disc wheat seed furrow pressing sowing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A furrow opener fixing rod is vertically provided below the sowing spring connecting plate, and the disc pull rod on the double-disc furrow opener is fixed to the furrow opener fixing rod through a furrowing depth adjusting bolt. Seed tube connecting rods are provided on both sides of the upper end of the seed tube, and the seed tube connecting rods are provided with through holes for pins to pass through. The seed tube is hinged to the frame holder through the seed tube connecting rod, and a sowing limit plate is provided at the upper end of the seed tube.

3. The variable force double disc wheat seed furrow pressing sowing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The suppressing wheel connecting plate is composed of a long suppressing wheel connecting plate and a short suppressing wheel connecting plate. A suppressing limit plate is provided on the upper part of the long suppressing wheel connecting plate. The upper end of the long suppressing wheel connecting plate is hinged to the frame base. A plurality of adjustment holes are provided at the lower end of the long suppressing wheel connecting plate. The short suppressing wheel connecting plate is connected to the long suppressing wheel connecting plate through a suppression adjusting bolt.

4. The variable force double disc wheat seed furrow pressing sowing unit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hydraulic control device includes a hydraulic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder fixing frame and a hydraulic cylinder connecting plate. The two ends of the hydraulic cylinder connecting plate are fixed on the long connecting plate of the pressing wheel. The hydraulic cylinder fixing frame is fixed on the frame. The upper and lower ends of the hydraulic cylinder are respectively provided with through holes, and the through holes at the upper end are provided with internal threads. The upper end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the hydraulic cylinder fixing frame through a stud, and the lower end is hinged to the hydraulic cylinder connecting plate through a pin. The angle sensor is fixedly connected to the stud at the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder so that the height of the pressing wheel is determined by the rotation angle of the hydraulic cylinder.

5. The variable force double disc wheat seed furrow pressing sowing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tension sensor is located in the sowing stretch spring, and two ends of the tension sensor are connected to two ends of the sowing stretch spring through tension sensor connecting lines.

6. The variable force double disc wheat seed furrow pressing sowing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed dropping baffle is a parallelogram, and the included angle α between the hypotenuse of the seed dropping baffle and the horizontal plane is 60°, and the included angle β between the inclined pressure plate and the horizontal plane is 45°.

7. The variable force double disc wheat seed furrow pressing sowing unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring shaft consists of a shaft, a pull rod connecting part and a spring connecting part which are vertically arranged on the shaft, and the included angle γ between the spring connecting part and the pull rod connecting part is 42°.

8. A method for suppressing seed furrows using the variable force double-disc wheat seed furrow suppressing sowing unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The process is as follows: (1) Fix multiple sowing units on the frame, and multiple sowing units share a spring shaft; (2) Rotate the adjustment handle to adjust the sowing depth of the sowing furrowing device; the tension sensor in the sowing depth detection device senses the deformation of the sowing tension spring, thereby determining the furrow depth opened by the double disc furrowing device and the sowing depth of the seeds; at the same time, the sowing depth is verified based on the angle sensor combined with the rotation angle of the hydraulic cylinder; after obtaining the sowing depth data change through the tension change of the sowing tension spring, the data is transmitted to the controller, and the controller controls the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder so that the pressing wheel adjusts the pressing force according to the actual sowing depth and the expected sowing depth; (3) After the sowing unit moves, the double disc opener opens a seed furrow, and the inclined pressure plate flattens the opened "W"-shaped seed furrow to make the bottom of the furrow flat; the seeds fall from the seed tube and roll into the seed furrow along the inclined surface of the inclined pressure plate. During this process, the seed drop baffle prevents the seeds from splashing out of the seed furrow and reduces the phenomenon of soil returning to the seed furrow; After the seeds fall, the pressing wheel presses the seeds in the seed furrow again, so that the seeds are embedded in the soil, and the soil in the tillage layer where the seed belt is located is compacted.

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