A vehicle power management method, system, and vehicle

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the fields of vehicle power management and charging, and particularly relates to a vehicle power management method, system, and vehicle, including: 1) obtaining the power supply status of the main power supply, the standby power supply, and the charging signal status; the power supply status of the main power supply includes the effective and ineffective states of the main power supply; the power supply status of the standby power supply includes the effective and ineffective states of the standby power supply; the charging signal status includes the effective and ineffective states of whether the vehicle is charging; 2) according to the obtained power supply status of the main power supply, the standby power supply, and the charging signal status, performing power supply management on each level of vehicle loads; wherein, all loads are divided into priorities according to the necessity of use. Thus, the present invention solves the problems of easy battery power depletion and poor safety in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of vehicle power management and charging, and specifically relates to a vehicle power management method, system and vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In order to solve the problem of environmental pollution, the country vigorously advocates the use of new energy vehicles. For example, most cities currently use electric buses, electric coaches and electric trucks. To a certain extent, the use of new energy vehicles reduces the pollution of vehicle emissions to the environment, achieves zero vehicle emissions, and effectively improves environmental quality.

[0003] However, most of the domestic electric buses are currently operated during the day and charged at night. Because the charging-related components need to be powered by batteries, the current power management system must keep the main power switch closed during charging. However, due to the large number of permanent electrical equipment on the bus and the different states of each device, the static power consumption of the entire vehicle is relatively large. In addition, during the charging process, there is an external power supply that can continuously replenish the battery, which takes a long time and is often not completed until the early morning. However, since the main power switch is still in the closed state, it will cause the battery energy to be continuously consumed, which is easy to cause battery feeding and greatly reduce the service life of the battery. At the same time, multiple parts of the vehicle are charged at the same time, which is not good for the safety of the entire vehicle. Once a fire occurs, the consequences are very serious due to the relatively concentrated number of buses.

[0004] In short, the current power management system of electric vehicles cannot flexibly manage the power supply of various loads, the static power consumption of the vehicle is relatively large, which can easily cause battery power feeding, and there are safety hazards when the entire vehicle is powered. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a vehicle power management method, system and vehicle to solve the problems of battery power feeding and poor safety in the prior art.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions provided by the present invention and the corresponding beneficial effects of the technical solutions are as follows:

[0007] A vehicle power management method of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0008] 1) Obtaining the main power supply status, the backup power supply status and the charging signal status; the main power supply status includes the valid and invalid status of the main power supply; the backup power supply status includes the valid and invalid status of the backup power supply; the charging signal status includes the valid and invalid status of the vehicle charging;

[0009] 2) Manage the power supply to vehicle loads at all levels based on the obtained main power supply status, backup power supply status, and charging signal status; among them, all loads are classified into priorities according to their usage necessity.

[0010] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: By obtaining the main power supply status, backup power supply status, and charging signal status, and based on the main power supply status, backup power supply status, charging signal status, and the usage necessity of the loads, the present invention realizes the management of vehicle loads at all levels, can flexibly control the power supply management to loads at all levels as needed, and the loads that are not needed can be turned off to supply power to them, so that the vehicle enters a low-power state under static conditions. Thus, the present invention realizes the protection of the vehicle's main power supply, i.e., the battery, during and after the electric vehicle charging process and improves safety.

[0011] Further, when managing the power supply to vehicle loads at all levels in step 2), when the main power supply status is valid and the charging signal status is valid, make power supply preparations for vehicle loads at all levels.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: When the main power supply status is valid and the charging signal status is valid, it means that the vehicle is charging and the vehicle's battery is fully charged, and there will be no power shortage. Generally, when the driver gets off work, the main power supply will be actively disconnected, and the main power supply status is invalid. At this time, the valid main power supply status means that the vehicle may still need electricity, so make power supply preparations for vehicle loads at all levels to facilitate vehicle power consumption.

[0013] Further, when managing the power supply to vehicle loads at all levels in step 2), when the main power supply status is valid and the charging signal status is invalid, judge whether the ignition key signal is valid: If the ignition key signal is valid, make power supply preparations for vehicle loads at all levels; if the ignition key signal is invalid, according to the load priority, as time goes by, gradually turn off the power supply of the remaining loads except the highest-priority load in the order of priority from low to high.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: When the vehicle's total power supply is in an effective state, that is, the vehicle is powered on; and when the charging signal state is ineffective, that is, when not charging or already fully charged, the present invention makes a further judgment based on the ignition key signal. When the ignition key signal is effective and the vehicle has been started and is in a state of being about to use the vehicle, power supply preparation is made for all levels of vehicle loads. When the ignition key signal is ineffective, indicating that the vehicle is in a stationary parking state, then according to the load priority, as time progresses, the power supply to the remaining loads except the highest-priority load is gradually turned off in the order of priority from low to high, and the power supply to the loads is gradually turned off according to the necessity of use, thereby reducing power consumption to protect the battery and further improving vehicle safety. Through a reasonable power management scheme, it is also ensured that even if the main power switch is not disconnected after charging, the vehicle's overall power management is carried out, so that the vehicle will not ultimately consume a large amount of the total power supply power, and at the same time, it is ensured that most loads are not powered on when the vehicle is parked overnight for a long time, ensuring vehicle safety.

[0015] Further, all loads are divided into four power supply priorities, which are, in order of priority from low to high, primary loads, secondary loads, tertiary loads, and quaternary loads; when the total power supply state is effective, the charging signal state is ineffective, and the ignition key signal is ineffective, then the power supply to the primary loads is turned off after n1 time, n1>0, and then after m1 time, m1>0, the power supply to the secondary loads is continued to be turned off, and then after l1 time, l1>0, the power supply to the tertiary loads is continued to be turned off, only making power supply preparation for the quaternary loads.

[0016] Further, when managing the power supply to all levels of vehicle loads in step 2), when the total power supply state is ineffective, the standby power supply state is effective, and the charging signal state is effective, the power supply to each level of load is gradually turned off in the order of priority from low to high according to the current situation of the standby power supply.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: When the total power supply state is disconnected, the standby power supply state is effective, and the charging signal state is effective, it means that the vehicle is charging and is powered by the standby power supply. The present invention then detects the output current state and, according to the output current, intelligently controls the power supply output at any time in the order of priority from low to high of the loads, effectively controlling the power consumption to protect the standby power supply and achieving a low-power state when the vehicle is static. More importantly, it can meet the requirement of still being able to complete charging when the main power switch is disconnected. Through a reasonable power management scheme, it is further ensured that even if the main power switch is not disconnected after charging, the vehicle's overall power management is carried out, so that the vehicle will not ultimately consume a large amount of the battery power, and at the same time, it is ensured that most loads are not powered on when the vehicle is parked overnight for a long time, ensuring vehicle safety.

[0018] Further, all loads are divided into four power supply priorities, which are primary loads, secondary loads, tertiary loads, and quaternary loads in ascending order of priority;

[0019] If the total current of the backup power supply port is less than the threshold set for the backup power supply port, the power supply to the primary loads is turned off to prepare for the power supply to the secondary loads, tertiary loads, and quaternary loads; if the total current of the backup power supply port is greater than the threshold set for the backup power supply port, the power supply to the secondary loads is continued to be turned off to prepare for the power supply to the tertiary loads and quaternary loads.

[0020] Further, when managing the power supply to the vehicle's various loads in step 2), when the total power supply state is invalid, the backup power supply state is valid, and the charging signal state is invalid, the current power supply state is maintained. If the charging signal state is still invalid after a duration of n2 (n2 > 0), the power supply to all loads is turned off.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: When the total power switch state is off, the backup power supply state is valid, and the charging signal state is invalid, it indicates that the vehicle is in a static state, does not need to use the vehicle, and is not charging. Moreover, if it is still not charging after a certain period or the battery is already fully charged and not charging, the power supply to all loads is turned off to reduce the power consumption of the backup power supply to protect the backup power supply, thereby achieving low static power consumption of the entire vehicle and ensuring the safety of the vehicle as the vehicle's loads are not electrified.

[0022] Further, when managing the power supply to the vehicle's various loads in step 2), when the total power supply state is invalid, the backup power supply state is invalid, and the charging signal state is invalid, the power supply to all loads is turned off.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the above technical solution are as follows: When the total power switch state is off, the backup power supply state is invalid, and the charging signal state is invalid, it indicates that the total power supply is not connected and the backup power supply has no power available, and there is no power supply source. Therefore, the power supply to all loads is turned off to avoid damaging the backup power supply and protect the backup power supply.

[0024] Further, the primary loads include: outdoor lights, windshield wipers, road signs, and radio and entertainment equipment; the secondary loads include: monitoring systems and dash cams; the tertiary loads include: interior lights, instrument panels, vehicle control unit (VCU), battery management system (BMS), on-board charger (OBC), and motor controller; the quaternary loads include: ignition key power supply.

[0025] Further, the power supply state of the main power supply is determined by the state of the main power switch. The main power switch is connected in series in the power supply loop of the main power supply. If the state of the main power switch is closed, the power supply state of the main power supply is valid; if the state of the main power switch is open, the power supply state of the main power supply is invalid.

[0026] A vehicle power management system according to the present invention includes a processor and a memory. The processor executes a computer program stored in the memory to implement a vehicle power management method of the present invention and achieve the same beneficial effects as the vehicle power management method.

[0027] A vehicle according to the present invention includes a vehicle body, and also includes a processor and a memory. The processor executes a computer program stored in the memory to implement a vehicle power management method of the present invention and achieve the same beneficial effects as the vehicle power management method. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0028] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a vehicle power management method of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic structural connection diagram of each module of a power management device in a vehicle according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle power management system in a system embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiment

[0031] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a vehicle power management method, system and vehicle. By using a digital power management system, it can first meet the requirement of being able to complete charging even when the main power switch is off; at the same time, through a reasonable power management scheme, it further ensures that even when charging is carried out with the main power switch not off, the vehicle power management after charging completion will not cause the vehicle to consume the battery power greatly; furthermore, it can ensure that most loads are not powered when the vehicle stays for a long time at night, thus ensuring vehicle safety and improving the management efficiency of the vehicle power supply.

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Vehicle Embodiment:

[0034] A vehicle of the present invention includes a vehicle body, all loads on the vehicle, and a power management device. The power management device includes a main power supply, a main power switch, and a low-voltage power distribution controller. The main power supply is used to supply power to all loads on the vehicle; the main power switch is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the main power supply to control whether the main power supply supplies power; the low-voltage power distribution controller is responsible for the power supply management of all loads. In addition, the power management device further includes a processor and a memory, and the processor executes a computer program stored in the memory to implement a vehicle power management method of the present invention.

[0035] In this vehicle embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the main power supply is a storage battery, and the low-voltage power distribution controller is a power management module. The power management module is a digital power management module, and the digital power management module includes a primary digital power management module and a secondary digital power management module. The primary power management module is the primary digital power management module, and the secondary power management module is the secondary digital power management module. The digital power management module can reasonably distribute the input power through internal power chips or other semiconductor structures, protect the power output by it and the rear-end wiring harness, detect the output current status, and can perform intelligent control on the output at any time. The power input end of the primary digital power management module includes a main power input and a standby power input. Among them, the primary digital power management module mainly supplies power and manages the power supply for high-power loads on the vehicle and includes the secondary power management module; the secondary power management module is responsible for supplying power to the remaining loads except those supplied by the primary power management module, and generally has a small power. Four types of loads can obtain power from either the primary power management module or the secondary power management module according to the design rationality of different vehicles.

[0036] For the loads of the whole vehicle, the present invention classifies them as follows, where the higher the level, the higher the power supply priority:

[0037] Primary loads: Outdoor lights, windshield wipers, road signs, radio and entertainment equipment, etc. The necessity of using such equipment is the lowest when the vehicle is out of service;

[0038] Secondary loads: Monitoring systems, dash cams, etc. Such loads need to work for a long time to collect and record as much vehicle information as possible;

[0039] Tertiary loads: Interior lights, instruments, vehicle control unit (VCU), battery management system (BMS), on-board charger (OBC), motor controller, etc. Interior lights may still be needed when the vehicle is out of service. For example, when station vehicle cleaning personnel need to clean the interior of the vehicle during charging, interior lights are required to provide lighting. Instruments, VCU, BMS, OBC, motor controller, etc. need to work during parking and charging to display charging information or ensure that charging can proceed;

[0040] Level 4 load: Ignition key power supply. This power supply requires the first-level digital power management module to maintain output readiness even in its sleep state. After the ignition key is operated and the circuit is turned on, it can output normally so that the vehicle can be started normally through this power supply when the power management module is in the sleep state.

[0041] Based on the above power management device, a vehicle power management method of the present invention can be realized. The method will be introduced in detail below.

[0042] In this embodiment, the total power supply state is affected by the state of the total power switch. When the total power switch is off, the state of the total power switch is off, and thus the total power supply state is invalid; when the total power switch is on, the state of the total power switch is on, and thus the total power supply state is valid; hereinafter, the state of the total power switch is used to represent the total power supply state.

[0043] Step 1: Obtain the state of the total power switch.

[0044] The total power switch is a mechanical switch used to cut off the connection of the positive or negative pole of the battery. The two ends of the main contact of this mechanical switch are respectively connected to the battery and the power input end of the first-level digital power management module.

[0045] The state of the total power switch required in Step 1 can be collected in two ways. Solution 1: Use a total power switch with built-in auxiliary contacts. When the main contact of the total power switch is closed, the auxiliary contact is also closed at the same time. For example, for the switch in the main power supply circuit in the Chinese utility model patent document with the authorization announcement number CN216610882U, the auxiliary contact signal directly enters the input acquisition port of the first-level digital power management module, and thus the state of the main contact is judged by the level state of this input acquisition port. Solution 2: As Figure 2 If the total power switch is a switch with auxiliary contacts, a switch without auxiliary contacts can also be used here. That is, when the total power switch equipped on the vehicle only has a main contact and no auxiliary contact, the state of the total power switch (off or on) can be deduced by judging the voltage state of the power input end inside the first-level digital power management module.

[0046] Step 2: Obtain the state of the backup power supply.

[0047] The backup power supply refers to another power supply for the first-level digital power management module from other power sources in addition to the power input provided by the control end of the total power switch.

[0048] The backup power supply in step 2, such as the power supply provided by the auxiliary DCDC converter, is not controlled by the main power switch and can continuously supply power when the main power switch is off. This backup power supply is connected to the backup power input port of the primary digital power management module. The primary digital power management module determines whether the power input is normal (valid or invalid) by judging the voltage change status of the backup power input port through the MCU.

[0049] Step 3: Obtain the charging signal status.

[0050] The charging signal status in step 3 is the charging status provided to the digital power management module after the external charging pile and the in-vehicle charging device establish a connection.

[0051] Preferably, the device of the external charging pile can, based on whether the charging connection is successfully established and whether normal charging is in progress, then provide a voltage signal representing the charging status to the digital power management module through its output terminal via a wire harness. The digital power management module determines the charging status signal based on the voltage signal.

[0052] Preferably, the device of the external charging pile can, based on whether the charging connection is successfully established and whether normal charging is in progress, then provide the digital power management module with message information about the charging status for the digital power management module to determine the charging status signal. Step 4: After obtaining the main power switch status, backup power supply status, and charging signal status, according to different status combinations, ensure that all relevant vehicle-side devices can be normally powered during charging through the digital power management module, and at the same time perform different power management under different status combinations during the charging process. After obtaining the main power switch status, backup power supply status, and charging signal status in step 4, the charging actions and power management under different status combinations can be completed according to the following scenarios.

[0053] The power management under different status combinations of the main power switch status, backup power supply status, and charging signal status is described below, as Figure 1 shown.

[0054] Status 1: The main power switch is closed and the charging signal is valid, that is, the main power supply status is valid and the charging signal status is valid. When the main power switch status is closed and the charging signal status is valid, it indicates that the vehicle battery is fully charged and there will be no power shortage. Moreover, the closed main power switch means that the vehicle still has the possibility of using electricity. At this time, after the digital power management module successfully shakes hands with the on-vehicle charging system, it automatically turns on the power supply of relevant charging systems such as the VCU, BMS, and motor controller. At the same time, the primary power management module actively wakes up the secondary power management module, and the secondary power management module wakes up the combination meter. At the same time, the primary and secondary power management modules start to fully turn on the power output preparation state. At this time, when the output conditions of other devices on the vehicle except for charging are met, normal output can be carried out. For example: When the aisle light control switch is turned on, the primary and secondary power management modules determine that the switch is valid and then officially turn on the power output of the aisle light power channel. At this time, the aisle light is turned on, which is convenient for the vehicle cleaning staff at the station to clean the carriage floor.

[0055] Status 2: The main power switch is closed and the charging signal is invalid. That is, the main power supply status is valid and the charging signal status is invalid. When the main power switch of the whole vehicle is in the closed state, that is, the whole vehicle is powered on. Generally, after the driver gets off work, the main power switch will be turned off. At this time, it may be that the driver forgets to turn off the main power switch. Moreover, the charging signal status is invalid, that is, when the vehicle is not charging or has been fully charged. At this time, the primary power management module needs to determine whether the ignition key signal is valid. If it is valid, normal output will be carried out, that is, prepare power supply for all levels of loads. When the load turns on its own switch, it can work. The valid ignition key signal indicates that the vehicle is in the starting state and needs to use the vehicle, so it prepares power for the whole vehicle. If the ignition key signal is invalid, it means that the vehicle is in the stationary parking state. Then after n1 time (for example, after 0.5 hours), n1>0, it enters the low-power mode. At this time, the primary power management module will first turn off the power supply of the primary load. Continue to accumulate the time. After m1 time (for example, after 1 hour), m1>n1, at this time, turn off the power supply of the secondary load. Then continue to accumulate the time. After l1 time (for example, after 1.5 hours), l1>m1, turn off the power supply of the tertiary load. At this time, it has entered the ultra-low-power mode, but at this time, the internal MCU of the power management module itself has not completely entered the sleep state. Then continue to accumulate the time. After k1 time (for example, after 2 hours), k1>l1, the power management module also enters the sleep state, only prepares power supply for the quaternary load, that is, only supplies power to the quaternary load. When the quaternary load turns on its switch, it can work. At this time, even if the main power switch on the vehicle is closed, the digital power module automatically enters the sleep state through the internal chip, disconnects all load power supplies except the ignition key power supply, and reduces the static power consumption of the whole vehicle to an extremely low level, that is, protects the battery and the safety of the vehicle, and at the same time can ensure that the driver can directly turn the ignition key to start the vehicle after getting on the vehicle.

[0056] Status Three: The main power switch is off, the backup power supply is effective, and the charging signal is effective. That is, when the main power switch is off, the backup power supply is in an effective state, and the charging signal is in an effective state, it indicates that the vehicle is charging and powered by the backup power supply. At this time, the pins of most primary loads on the vehicle are closed, that is, no power is supplied to the primary loads.

[0057] The primary digital power management module continuously detects the current of the backup power supply through the internal current detection unit. If the total current at the backup power supply port is less than the threshold that the internal circuit of the digital power distribution module at this backup power supply port can withstand, it normally supplies power to the secondary, tertiary, and quaternary loads. At this time, the VCU, BMS, motor controller, etc. can all be powered. The charging pile and in-vehicle charging device handshake successfully, and the vehicle starts charging normally. The instrument normally displays the charging current, voltage, SOC, and other statuses. If the total current at the backup power supply port is greater than the threshold that the internal circuit of the digital power distribution module at this backup power supply port can withstand, it first shuts off the power supply to the secondary load, only ensuring the power supply to the tertiary and quaternary load power supplies, so as to ensure that the indoor aisle lights, instrument, VCU, and other charging-related devices can be powered, ensuring that the indoor lights can be turned on during charging to meet the cleaning needs. The backup power supply design of the primary digital power distribution module should be able to meet the power consumption requirements of at least the tertiary and quaternary loads.

[0058] Status Four: When the main power switch is off, the backup power supply is effective, and the charging signal is invalid, that is, the main power supply state is invalid, the backup power supply state is effective, and the charging signal state is invalid. At this time, it indicates that the vehicle is in a static state, does not need to use the vehicle, and does not need to be charged.

[0059] Status Four is the situation when the battery is fully charged during charging in Status Three. Maintaining the power supply state of the loads in Status Three, after continuously charging for a certain period of time, when the SOC reaches 100%, the charging signal will become invalid at this time. At this time, the digital power management module first maintains the power supply state that can be supplied in Status Three, and then starts timing. After continuing for n2 time (for example, after 0.5 hours), n2>0, and the charging signal is still invalid, the power management module directly enters the sleep mode, and all outputs of the digital power management module are closed, so that all loads of the whole vehicle are no longer powered, ensuring the safety of the vehicle. No power is supplied to the quaternary load in this state. When the driver is ready to start the vehicle, since the main power switch is in the off state at this time, the power switch must be closed first, and then the ignition key can be turned to start the vehicle, which conforms to the vehicle operation process and habits. The main power switch is manually turned off, and the driver will turn off the main power switch when getting off work or other cleaning personnel have finished cleaning.

[0060] Status Five: The main power switch is off and the backup power supply is invalid, that is, the main power supply state is invalid and the backup power supply state is invalid. At this time, it means that the whole vehicle has no power supply, so the digital power distribution module is in a power-off state, the power supply of each level of load is turned off, the whole vehicle is not charged, and it is in a silent state.

[0061] Through the power management strategy for the full process of five different states before and after charging, the present invention can solve the pain point that the bus company must close the main power switch during night charging, and can also solve the problem that even if the driver forgets to disconnect the main power switch, through a reasonable management strategy, after charging, the digital power management module gradually turns off the power supply of the vehicle load in stages by time period until the whole vehicle is powered off and goes to sleep. This avoids the safety problem that the vehicle is charged all night, consuming the energy of the battery and bringing the hidden danger of vehicle fire.

[0062] Method Embodiment:

[0063] An embodiment of a vehicle power management method of the present invention has a flow as Figure 1 shown. This method is the same as the vehicle power management method introduced in the above vehicle embodiment and will not be elaborated here.

[0064] System Embodiment:

[0065] An embodiment of a vehicle power management system of the present invention is as Figure 3 shown. The system includes a processor, a memory and an internal bus. The processor and the memory complete communication and data interaction with each other through the internal bus. The processor executes a computer program stored in the memory to implement a vehicle power management method of the present invention. This method is the same as the vehicle power management method introduced in the above method embodiment and will not be elaborated here. Among them, the processor can be a microprocessor MCU, a programmable logic device FPGA and other processing devices. The memory can be various memories that store information by using electrical energy, such as RAM, ROM, etc.; it can also be various memories that store information by using magnetic energy, such as hard disks, floppy disks, magnetic tapes, magnetic core memories, bubble memories, USB flash drives, etc.; it can also be various memories that store information by using optical methods, such as CDs, DVDs, etc.; of course, it can also be other types of memories, such as quantum memories, graphene memories, etc.

Claims

1. A vehicle power management method, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: 1) Use the digital power management module to obtain the main power supply status, backup power supply status, and charging signal status; the main power supply status includes the valid and invalid status of the main power supply; the backup power supply status includes the valid and invalid status of the backup power supply; the charging signal status includes the valid and invalid status of vehicle charging; The main power supply is the power supply for the vehicle's overall load. 2) Based on the obtained main power supply status, backup power supply status, and charging signal status, perform power supply management for vehicle loads at all levels; among them, all loads are divided into four categories according to the necessity of use, and each category corresponds to a power supply priority level, and the higher the level, the higher the power supply priority; When managing the power supply for vehicle loads at all levels, when the total power supply state is valid and the charging signal state is invalid, determine whether the ignition key signal is valid: If the ignition key signal is valid, prepare for power supply for vehicle loads at all levels. If the ignition key signal is invalid, then n After 1 second, turn off the power supply of the primary load. n If 1 > 0, then m After 1 second, m If 1 > 0, continue to turn off the power supply of the secondary load, and then l After 1 second, l If 1 > 0, continue to turn off the power supply of the tertiary load and only prepare for power supply for the quaternary load.

2. The vehicle power management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When performing power supply management for vehicle loads at all levels in step 2), when the main power supply status is valid and the charging signal status is valid, make power supply preparations for vehicle loads at all levels.

3. The vehicle power management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When performing power supply management for vehicle loads at all levels in step 2), when the main power supply status is invalid, the backup power supply status is valid, and the charging signal status is valid, gradually turn off the power supply of each level of load according to the current situation of the backup power supply in ascending order of priority.

4. The vehicle power management method according to claim 3, characterized in that: All loads are divided into four power supply priority levels, which are primary load, secondary load, tertiary load, and quaternary load in ascending order of priority; If the total current at the backup power supply port is less than the threshold set at the backup power supply port, turn off the power supply of the primary load and make power supply preparations for the secondary load, tertiary load, and quaternary load; If the total current at the backup power supply port is greater than the threshold set at the backup power supply port, continue to turn off the power supply of the secondary load and make power supply preparations for the tertiary load and quaternary load.

5. The vehicle power management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When managing the power supply to vehicle loads at all levels in step 2), when the main power supply state is invalid, the backup power supply state is valid, and the charging signal state is invalid, maintain the current power supply state. If the charging signal state remains invalid after n 2 hours, then turn off the power supply to loads at all levels, n 2 > 0.

6. The vehicle power management method according to claim 1, characterized in that: When performing power supply management for vehicle loads at all levels in step 2), when the main power supply status is invalid, the backup power supply status is invalid, and the charging signal status is invalid, turn off the power supply of each level of load.

7. The vehicle power management method according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The primary load includes: outdoor lights, wipers, road signs, and radio entertainment equipment; the secondary load includes: monitoring systems and driving recorders; the tertiary load includes: interior lights, instruments, vehicle control unit (VCU), battery management system (BMS), on-board charger (OBC), and motor controller; the quaternary load includes: ignition key power supply.

8. The vehicle power management method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Determine the main power supply status through the status of the main power supply switch. The main power supply switch is connected in series in the power supply circuit of the main power supply. If the main power supply switch status is closed, the main power supply status is valid; if the main power supply switch status is open, the main power supply status is invalid.

9. A vehicle power management system, characterized in that: The system includes a processor and a memory. The processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to implement the vehicle power management method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. A vehicle, comprising a vehicle body, characterized in that: It also includes all loads on the vehicle and a power management system. The power management system includes a processor and a memory. The processor executes the computer program stored in the memory to implement the vehicle power management method as described in any one of claims 1-8.

Images