A retaining member for the surface layer of the side wall of a foundation pit, a retaining device for the side wall of a foundation pit, and a construction method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a surface support member for the side wall of a foundation pit, a foundation pit side wall support device and a construction method. The surface support member for the side wall of the foundation pit includes a fixed frame and a reinforcement mesh. A fixing member for fixing it on the side wall of the foundation pit is installed on the fixed frame; the reinforcement mesh is fixedly installed in the fixed frame. The beneficial effects of the present invention are simple structure, reasonable design, capable of realizing the support of the surface layer of the side wall of the foundation pit and the entire foundation pit, avoiding the collapse of the foundation pit, and being safe and reliable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction, and particularly relates to a retaining member for the surface layer of a foundation pit side wall, a foundation pit side wall retaining device and a construction method. Background Technique

[0002] During the construction of industrial and civil buildings, foundation pit support is a very important process. A foundation pit is an excavation pit dug according to the requirements of underground structure design. After the soil mass is excavated, since the underground soil mass around the foundation pit is in a static equilibrium state before excavation, and this equilibrium is broken during earth excavation, the internal pressure of the soil mass is automatically unloaded immediately, and the type of soil pressure is converted from static earth pressure to active earth pressure. In order to achieve equilibrium, the side wall of the foundation pit is prone to move inward and collapse, so slope protection and support treatment need to be carried out on the side wall of the foundation pit.

[0003] The traditional preparation of steel bars in the surface layer of the side wall and the setting of the protective layer thickness are often manually controlled by workers. It is often very difficult to strictly control the spacing of the prepared steel bars and the thickness of the protective layer according to the requirements of the foundation pit support drawing, resulting in the loss of the mechanical properties of the surface layer and posing a potential safety hazard to the support. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a retaining member for the surface layer of a foundation pit side wall, a foundation pit side wall retaining device and a construction method, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0006] A retaining member for the surface layer of a foundation pit side wall includes a fixed frame and a reinforcement mesh. A fixing member for fixing it on the side wall of the foundation pit is installed on the fixed frame; the reinforcement mesh is fixedly installed in the fixed frame.

[0007] The beneficial effect of the present invention is that during support, the fixed frame is fixed on the side wall of the foundation pit through the fixing member, and at the same time, the strength of the entire retaining member is increased through the reinforcement mesh, thereby increasing the stability of the entire side wall of the foundation pit, avoiding the collapse of the side wall of the foundation pit, and being safe and reliable.

[0008] The structure of the present invention is simple and reasonably designed, which can realize the support of the surface layer of the side wall of the foundation pit, avoid the collapse of the foundation pit, and is safe and reliable.

[0009] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixing frame includes an upper template, a lower template and two side templates, and the two side templates are distributed oppositely; the upper template and the lower template are respectively at both ends of the two side templates oppositely, and both ends thereof are fixedly connected to the ends of the two side templates respectively; the reinforcing mesh is fixedly installed in the area enclosed by the upper template, the lower template and the two side templates, and the fixing members are respectively installed on the upper template and / or the lower template and / or the two side templates.

[0011] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the structure is simple and the design is reasonable. The fixing frame is enclosed by the upper template, the lower template and the two side templates, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly, saving time and effort; in addition, the strength of the whole supporting member is increased by the reinforcing mesh, thereby increasing the stability of the whole side wall of the foundation pit, avoiding the collapse of the side wall of the foundation pit, and being safe and reliable.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the two side templates connected to the upper template is bent to form a bending part.

[0013] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that during support, the fixing frame is fixed on the side wall of the foundation pit through the fixing members, and at the same time, the two bending parts horizontally extend to the ground at the opening of the foundation pit, further increasing the stability of the whole supporting member, thereby increasing the stability of the whole side wall of the foundation pit, avoiding the collapse of the side wall of the foundation pit, and being safe and reliable.

[0014] Furthermore, the included angles between the two bending parts and the two side templates are respectively 90°≤a<180°.

[0015] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the structure is simple and the design is reasonable. The included angles between the two bending parts and the two side templates are adapted to the slope of the foundation pit to be supported, so as to better support the side wall of the foundation pit and have a better support effect.

[0016] Furthermore, the reinforcing mesh includes multiple steel bars, and the multiple steel bars are cross-shaped in the area enclosed by the upper template, the lower template and the two side templates.

[0017] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the structure is simple and the design is reasonable. A net-like structure is formed by the intersection of multiple steel bars, further increasing the stability of the whole supporting member, thereby increasing the stability of the whole side wall of the foundation pit and having a better support effect.

[0018] Further, the upper template, the lower template, and the two side templates are respectively in a frame structure, and a plurality of fixing cards are respectively installed in the upper template, the lower template, and the two side templates in a slidable and positionable manner along their own length directions. The plurality of fixing cards on the upper template and the lower template correspond to each other one by one, and the plurality of fixing cards on the two side templates correspond to each other one by one; a plurality of through holes for inserting the corresponding steel bars are respectively provided on the plurality of fixing cards.

[0019] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the structure is simple and reasonable. Multiple steel bars are inserted into the plurality of through holes and cross to form a net structure, further increasing the stability of the entire support member, thereby increasing the stability of the entire foundation pit side wall, and the support effect is better; in addition, the positions of the multiple fixing cards in the upper template, the lower template, and the two side templates are adjustable to adjust the distance between adjacent two steel bars, so as to be applicable to the support of foundation pits under different working conditions, with strong versatility and convenient use.

[0020] Further, a reinforcement filling layer is also filled in the fixing frame.

[0021] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the structure is simple and reasonable. The stability of the entire support member is further increased through the reinforcement filling layer, and the support effect is better.

[0022] The present invention also relates to a foundation pit side wall support device, including a reinforcement member and the foundation pit side wall surface support member as described above. The reinforcement member is fixedly connected to the reinforcement mesh and is used to be inserted into the foundation pit side wall and fix the reinforcement mesh.

[0023] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that during support, the fixing frame is fixed on the foundation pit side wall through the fixing member, and at the same time, the strength of the entire support member is increased through the reinforcement mesh, and the entire support member is fixed on the foundation pit through the reinforcement member, thereby increasing the stability of the entire foundation pit, avoiding the collapse of the foundation pit, and being safe and reliable.

[0024] Further, the reinforcement member includes a plurality of soil nails, and the plurality of soil nails are evenly spaced on one side of the fixing frame, and one end of each of them hooks the reinforcement mesh.

[0025] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that during support, the fixing frame is fixed on the foundation pit side wall through the fixing member, and at the same time, the strength of the entire support member is increased through the reinforcement mesh, and the entire support member is fixed on the foundation pit through the plurality of soil nails, thereby increasing the stability of the entire foundation pit, avoiding the collapse of the foundation pit, and being safe and reliable.

[0026] The present invention also relates to a construction method for supporting a foundation pit side wall by using the foundation pit side wall support device as described above, including the following construction steps:

[0027] S1: Insert the reinforcement into the side wall of the foundation pit;

[0028] S2: Place the fixing frame on the side wall of the foundation pit, fix the fixing frame with fixing parts, and then prepare the reinforcement mesh;

[0029] S3: Fix the reinforcement and the reinforcement mesh together.

[0030] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the construction method is convenient for construction, can ensure the stability of the entire foundation pit, is safe and reliable, and has high construction efficiency. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 One of the partial structural schematic diagrams of the support member in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 Another partial structural schematic diagram of the support member in the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 The structural schematic diagram of the side formwork in the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 The distribution schematic diagram of the reinforcement filling layer and the steel bars in the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 The structural schematic diagram of the support device in the present invention.

[0036] In the drawings, the list of components represented by each reference numeral is as follows:

[0037] 1. Side wall of the foundation pit; 2. Upper formwork; 3. Lower formwork; 4. Side formwork; 5. Steel bars; 6. Fixed card; 7. Through hole; 8. Reinforcement filling layer; 9. Soil nail; 10. Catch water ditch. Detailed Embodiments

[0038] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0039] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0040] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific circumstances.

[0041] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0042] Embodiment 1

[0043] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, this embodiment provides a surface support member for the side wall of a foundation pit, including a fixed frame and a reinforcement mesh. A fixing member for fixing it on the side wall 1 of the foundation pit is installed on the fixed frame; the reinforcement mesh is fixedly installed inside the fixed frame.

[0044] During support, the fixed frame is fixed on the side wall 1 of the foundation pit through the fixing member, and at the same time, the strength of the entire support member is increased through the reinforcement mesh, thereby increasing the stability of the entire side wall 1 of the foundation pit and preventing the side wall 1 of the foundation pit from collapsing, which is safe and reliable.

[0045] The structure of this embodiment is simple and reasonably designed, and can realize the support of the surface layer of the side wall 1 of the foundation pit, prevent the side wall 1 of the foundation pit from collapsing, and is safe and reliable.

[0046] Embodiment 2

[0047] On the basis of Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, the fixing frame includes an upper template 2, a lower template 3 and two side templates 4, and the two side templates 4 are distributed relatively; the upper template 2 and the lower template 3 are respectively at both ends of the two side templates 4, and their two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the two side templates 4; the reinforcing mesh is fixedly installed in the area enclosed by the upper template 2, the lower template 3 and the two side templates 4, and fixing members are respectively installed on the upper template 2 and / or the lower template 3 and / or the two side templates 4.

[0048] This solution has a simple structure and reasonable design. The fixing frame is enclosed by the upper template 2, the lower template 3 and the two side templates 4, which is convenient for disassembly and assembly, saving time and effort; in addition, the strength of the entire support member is increased through the reinforcing mesh, thereby increasing the stability of the entire side wall 1 of the foundation pit and preventing the side wall 1 of the foundation pit from collapsing, which is safe and reliable.

[0049] Preferably, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned upper template 2, lower template 3 and two side templates 4 can be provided in a split form or integrally formed.

[0050] Preferably, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned upper template 2, lower template 3 and two side templates 4 are respectively preferably in a long strip structure.

[0051] Preferably, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned fixing member is preferably a U-shaped rib, and the upper template 2, the lower template 3 and the two side templates 4 are respectively fixed on the side wall 1 of the foundation pit through a plurality of U-shaped ribs, which is convenient for construction.

[0052] In addition to the above implementation manners, nails can also be used as the above-mentioned fixing members.

[0053] Embodiment 3

[0054] On the basis of Embodiment 2, in this embodiment, one end of the two side templates 4 connected to the upper template 2 is bent to form a bent portion.

[0055] During support, the fixing frame is fixed on the side wall 1 of the foundation pit through the fixing member, and at the same time, the two bent portions horizontally extend to the ground at the opening of the foundation pit, further increasing the stability of the entire support member, thereby increasing the stability of the entire side wall 1 of the foundation pit and preventing the side wall 1 of the foundation pit from collapsing, which is safe and reliable.

[0056] Preferably, in this embodiment, the two bent portions can be integrally formed with the two side templates 4 respectively, or can be provided separately, and then one end of the two bent portions is respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding ends of the two side templates 4.

[0057] It should be noted that each of the above-mentioned bent portions is a part of the corresponding side template 4, and the two are integrally formed.

[0058] Embodiment 4

[0059] On the basis of Embodiment 3, in this embodiment, the included angles between the two bent portions and the two side templates 4 are respectively 90° ≤ a < 180°.

[0060] This solution has a simple structure and a reasonable design. The included angles between the two bent portions and the two side templates 4 are adapted to the slope of the foundation pit to be supported, so as to better support the side wall of the foundation pit and achieve a better support effect.

[0061] Based on the above solution, when the included angles between the two bent portions and the two side templates 4 are respectively 90°, the side walls of the foundation pit are in a vertical state at this time; when the included angles between the two bent portions and the two side templates 4 are respectively greater than 90°, the side walls of the foundation pit are in a slope state at this time.

[0062] It should be noted that the included angles between the two bent portions and the two side templates 4 refer to the included angles between the extending directions of the two bent portions and the extending directions of the two side templates 4 themselves.

[0063] Embodiment 5

[0064] On the basis of any one of Embodiments 2 to 4, in this embodiment, the reinforcement net includes a plurality of steel bars 5, and the plurality of steel bars 5 are cross-shaped and are respectively within the area enclosed by the upper template 2, the lower template 3 and the two side templates 4.

[0065] This solution has a simple structure and a reasonable design. By forming a mesh structure through the intersection of a plurality of steel bars 5, the stability of the entire support member is further increased, thereby increasing the stability of the entire side wall 1 of the foundation pit and achieving a better support effect.

[0066] Preferably, in this embodiment, the steel bars 5 horizontally distributed in the direction perpendicular to the two side templates 4 are in a straight rod structure, while the shape of the steel bars 5 extending from the upper template 2 to the lower template 3 is bent, and it is parallel to the side templates 4.

[0067] Preferably, in this embodiment, among the plurality of steel bars 5, the intersecting parts of two steel bars 5 can also be tied together with iron wires to further increase the stability of the reinforcement net, thereby increasing the stability of the entire reinforcement net.

[0068] Embodiment 6

[0069] On the basis of Embodiment 5, in this embodiment, the upper template 2, the lower template 3 and the two side templates 4 are respectively in a frame structure, and a plurality of fixed cards 6 are respectively slidably and positionably installed along the length direction of themselves inside the upper template 2, the lower template 3 and the two side templates 4. The plurality of fixed cards 6 on the upper template 2 and the lower template 3 correspond one by one, and the plurality of fixed cards 6 on the two side templates 4 correspond one by one; a plurality of through holes 7 for inserting the corresponding steel bars 5 are respectively provided on the plurality of fixed cards 6.

[0070] This solution has a simple structure and a reasonable design. Multiple steel bars 5 are inserted through multiple through-holes 7 and cross to form a mesh structure, further enhancing the stability of the entire support member, thereby increasing the stability of the entire side wall 1 of the foundation pit and achieving a better support effect. Additionally, the positions of multiple fixing cards 6 in the upper template 2, lower template 3, and two side templates 4 are adjustable to adjust the spacing between adjacent two steel bars 5, so as to be applicable to the support of foundation pits under different working conditions, with strong versatility and convenient use.

[0071] Preferably, in this embodiment, the installation methods of multiple fixing cards 6 in the above-mentioned upper template 2, lower template 3, and two side templates 4 are the same. Taking the fixing card 6 installed in the upper template 2 as an example, the specific installation method is as follows: Guide rails are fixedly installed on both sides of the upper template 2 relatively. Multiple fixing cards 6 are respectively installed between the two guide rails, and their two ends are respectively slidably connected to and positioned on the two guide rails.

[0072] In addition, the above two guide rails can be set separately, or chutes can be relatively provided on both sides inside the upper template 2 as guide rails, or both sides of the upper template 2 are bent relatively and form chutes respectively between the bent parts and one side surface of the upper template 2. The two ends of multiple fixing cards 6 respectively extend into the two chutes and are slidably connected.

[0073] Moreover, the positioning method of each of the above fixing cards 6 can be: A threaded through-hole is provided on the fixing card 6. A screw is threadedly connected in the threaded through-hole. Multiple positioning screw holes are evenly spaced along the length direction on the edge of the upper template 2. During adjustment, manually move the fixing card 6 until its threaded through-hole communicates with the corresponding positioning screw hole, and then tighten the screw until one end of it inserts into the corresponding positioning screw hole to fix the fixing card 6.

[0074] Preferably, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned upper template 2, lower template 3, and two side templates 4 are respectively fixedly installed with scale lines, and the scale lines on the upper template 2, lower template 3, and two side templates 4 are respectively distributed along their own length directions, used to record the moving distance and position of the fixing card 6, with higher accuracy and more convenient operation.

[0075] In addition to the above implementation manners, the above-mentioned upper template 2, lower template 3, and two side templates 4 can also respectively adopt rectangular plate-like structures. At this time, both ends of multiple steel bars 5 are fixedly connected to the upper template 2 and the lower template 3 or fixedly connected to the two side templates 4. This solution cannot adjust the spacing between adjacent two steel bars 5 according to the support requirements.

[0076] Embodiment 7

[0077] Based on the above embodiments, in this embodiment, a reinforcement filling layer 8 is further filled in the fixing frame.

[0078] This solution has a simple structure and a reasonable design. By strengthening the filling layer 8, the stability of the entire support member is further increased, and the support effect is better.

[0079] Preferably, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned strengthening filling layer 8 is preferably a concrete layer, which has a better strengthening effect and low cost.

[0080] Embodiment 8

[0081] As Figure 5 shown, on the basis of the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides a retaining device for the side wall of a foundation pit, including a strengthening member and the retaining member for the side wall surface layer of the foundation pit as described above. The strengthening member is fixedly connected to the strengthening mesh and is used to insert into the side wall 1 of the foundation pit and fix the strengthening mesh.

[0082] During the support, the fixing frame is fixed on the side wall 1 of the foundation pit through the fixing member. At the same time, the strength of the entire support member is increased through the strengthening mesh, and the entire support member is fixed on the foundation pit through the strengthening member, thereby increasing the stability of the entire foundation pit, avoiding the collapse of the foundation pit, and being safe and reliable.

[0083] Preferably, in this embodiment, a catch drain 10 is provided at the part of the foundation pit opening corresponding to one side of the upper formwork 2 to prevent water from flowing into the foundation pit.

[0084] Embodiment 9

[0085] On the basis of Embodiment 8, in this embodiment, the strengthening member includes a plurality of soil nails 9, and the plurality of soil nails 9 are evenly spaced on one side of the fixing frame, and one end of each of them hooks the strengthening mesh.

[0086] During the support, the fixing frame is fixed on the side wall 1 of the foundation pit through the fixing member. At the same time, the strength of the entire support member is increased through the strengthening mesh, and the entire support member is fixed on the foundation pit through the plurality of soil nails 9, thereby increasing the stability of the entire foundation pit, avoiding the collapse of the foundation pit, and being safe and reliable.

[0087] Preferably, in this embodiment, hooks are respectively fixedly connected to the same ends of the plurality of soil nails 9, and the plurality of hooks respectively hook the steel mesh formed by a plurality of steel bars 5.

[0088] In addition to the above implementation manners, a plurality of anchor rods can also be used to replace the above-mentioned plurality of soil nails 9. Hooks are respectively fixedly connected to the same ends of the plurality of anchor rods, and the plurality of hooks respectively hook the steel mesh formed by a plurality of steel bars 5.

[0089] Preferably, in this embodiment, the included angle between the plurality of soil nails 9 and the horizontal plane is 10-20°.

[0090] Embodiment 10

[0091] Based on the above embodiments, the present embodiment further provides a construction method for supporting the side wall of a foundation pit using the foundation pit side wall support device as described above, including the following construction steps:

[0092] S1: Insert the reinforcement member into the side wall 1 of the foundation pit;

[0093] S2: Place the fixing frame on the side wall 1 of the foundation pit, fix the fixing frame through the fixing member, and then prepare the reinforcement mesh;

[0094] Wherein, a gasket can also be erected between the reinforcement mesh and the side wall 1 of the foundation pit, so that there is a gap between the reinforcement mesh and the side wall 1 of the foundation pit, which is convenient for the reinforcement of the concrete layer.

[0095] S3: Fix the reinforcement member and the reinforcement mesh together;

[0096] S4: Fill the fixing frame with a reinforcement filling layer 8.

[0097] This construction method is convenient for construction, can ensure the stability of the entire foundation pit, is safe and reliable, and has high construction efficiency.

[0098] The construction process of the present invention is as follows:

[0099] S1: Drive multiple soil nails 9 into the side wall 1 of the foundation pit respectively;

[0100] S2: First, place the fixing frame on the side wall 1 of the foundation pit and fix the fixing frame through multiple U-shaped bars; then, manually adjust multiple fixing cards 6 in the upper template 2, lower template 3 and two side templates 4 to the set positions according to requirements and fix multiple fixing cards 6 through the above scheme; finally, manually insert multiple steel bars 5 into the through holes 7 on multiple fixing cards 6, and tie the intersections of two steel bars 5 together with iron wire to form a steel bar mesh, and hook the same ends of multiple soil nails 9 to the steel bar mesh;

[0101] Wherein, a gasket can also be erected between the reinforcement mesh and the side wall 1 of the foundation pit, so that there is a gap between the reinforcement mesh and the side wall 1 of the foundation pit, which is convenient for the reinforcement of the concrete layer.

[0102] S3: Pour concrete into the fixing frame and wait for it to solidify to form a concrete layer.

[0103] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, and the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims involved.

[0104] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, not every embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative manner of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0105] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A retaining member for the surface layer of the side wall of a foundation pit, characterized in that: It includes a fixed frame and a reinforcement net. A fixing member for fixing the fixed frame on the side wall (1) of the foundation pit is installed on the fixed frame; the reinforcement net is fixedly installed within the fixed frame; the fixed frame includes an upper formwork (2), a lower formwork (3) and two side formworks (4), and the two side formworks (4) are distributed oppositely; the upper formwork (2) and the lower formwork (3) are distributed oppositely at both ends of the two side formworks (4), and both ends of the upper formwork (2) and both ends of the lower formwork (3) are fixedly connected to the ends of the two side formworks (4) respectively; the reinforcement net is fixedly installed within the area enclosed by the upper formwork (2), the lower formwork (3) and the two side formworks (4), and the fixing members are respectively installed on the upper formwork (2), the lower formwork (3) and the two side formworks (4). The reinforcement net includes a plurality of steel bars (5), and the plurality of steel bars (5) are distributed in a mesh crosswise within the area enclosed by the upper formwork (2), the lower formwork (3) and the two side formworks (4). The upper formwork (2), the lower formwork (3) and the two side formworks (4) are respectively in a frame structure, and a plurality of fixing cards (6) that can slide and be positioned along their own length directions are respectively installed within the upper formwork (2), the lower formwork (3) and the two side formworks (4). The plurality of fixing cards (6) on the upper formwork (2) and the lower formwork (3) correspond one by one, and the plurality of fixing cards (6) on the two side formworks (4) correspond one by one; a plurality of through holes (7) for inserting the corresponding steel bars (5) are respectively provided on the plurality of fixing cards (6); a reinforcement filling layer (8) is further filled within the fixed frame, and the reinforcement filling layer (8) is a concrete layer.

2. The surface support member for the side wall of the foundation pit according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the two side formworks (4) connected to the upper formwork (2) is bent to form a bending part.

3. The surface support member for the side wall of the foundation pit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The included angles between the two bending parts and the two side formworks (4) are respectively 90°≤a<180°.

4. A foundation pit side wall support device, characterized in that: It includes a reinforcement member and the side wall surface support member of the foundation pit as described in any one of claims 1 - 3. The reinforcement member is fixedly connected to the reinforcement net, and the reinforcement member is used for inserting into the side wall (1) of the foundation pit and fixing the reinforcement net.

5. The foundation pit side wall support device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reinforcement member includes a plurality of soil nails (9), and the plurality of soil nails (9) are evenly spaced on one side of the fixed frame, and one end of each of them hooks the reinforcement net.

6. A construction method for supporting the side wall of a foundation pit using the foundation pit side wall support device described in any one of claims 4-5, characterized in that, It includes the following construction steps: S1: Insert the reinforcement member into the side wall (1) of the foundation pit; S2: Place the fixed frame on the side wall (1) of the foundation pit, fix the fixed frame through the fixing member, and then prepare the reinforcement net; S3: Fix the reinforcement member and the reinforcement net together.

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