Synergistic system and method for waste treatment

Abstract

A synergistic system for waste treatment is provided. The synergistic system includes a waste treatment system configured to perform biological treatment of waste. Further, the synergistic system includes a gas purification system configured to purify off-gas generated during the biological treatment of waste. The synergistic system further includes a feedback system configured to feedback excess heat from the gas purification system back to the waste treatment system. The waste treatment system is further configured to use the feedbacked excess heat for the biological treatment of waste.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to waste treatment. In particular, examples relate to a collaborative system and method for waste treatment. Background Technology

[0002] Landfill wastewater is collected and treated due to its high contamination by organic matter and / or other substances. Processes for water treatment, such as the Fenton process, require temperatures above ambient temperature and therefore demand significant amounts of energy. Similarly, processes for the mechanical-biological treatment of waste or for water treatment in wastewater treatment plants require controlled temperatures above ambient temperature and therefore demand significant amounts of energy.

[0003] In addition, various purification technologies are used to treat gas emissions from landfills or waste treatment plants to comply with legal emission limits.

[0004] Waste management needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This requirement can be satisfied by the subject matter of the presented claims.

[0006] The example relates to a collaborative system for waste treatment. The collaborative system includes a waste treatment system configured to perform biological treatment of waste. Furthermore, the collaborative system includes a gas purification system configured to purify exhaust gases generated during the biological treatment of waste. The collaborative system further includes a feedback system configured to feed excess heat from the gas purification system back to the waste treatment system. The waste treatment system is further configured to use the fed-back excess heat for the biological treatment of waste.

[0007] Another example relates to a method for waste treatment. The method includes performing biological treatment of waste using a waste treatment system. Furthermore, the method includes using a gas purification system to purify exhaust gases generated during the biological treatment of the waste. The method further includes using a feedback system to feed excess heat from the gas purification system back to the waste treatment system. Additionally, the method includes using the fed-back excess heat in the waste treatment system for biological treatment of the waste.

[0008] Feeding excess heat from the gas purification system back to the waste treatment system and then using this feedback heat for the biological treatment of waste within the waste treatment system allows for synergistic operation of the gas purification and waste treatment systems. Specifically, using the feedback heat for biological treatment within the waste treatment system allows for covering at least a portion of the energy requirements of the waste treatment system. Therefore, according to the proposed technique, the total energy consumption for waste treatment can be reduced. Furthermore, the feedback excess energy allows for optimization of the process conditions for biological waste treatment, and thus allows for the efficient execution of biological waste treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0009] The following will describe some examples of apparatus and / or methods by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein

[0010] Figure 1 A first example of a collaborative system for waste management is shown;

[0011] Figure 2 A second example of a collaborative system for waste management is shown;

[0012] Figure 3 A first example of a gas purification system is shown;

[0013] Figure 4 A second example of a gas purification system is shown;

[0014] Figure 5 A third example of a gas purification system is shown; and

[0015] Figure 6 A flowchart illustrating an example of a method for waste treatment is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0016] Some examples will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, other possible examples are not limited to the features of these embodiments described in detail. Other examples may include modifications to features, as well as equivalents and substitutions of features. Furthermore, the terminology used herein to describe some examples should not limit other possible examples.

[0017] Throughout the illustrations, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements and / or features, which may be implemented identically or in modified form while providing the same or similar function. For clarity, the thickness of lines, layers, and / or areas in the illustrations may also be enlarged.

[0018] When using "or" to combine two elements A and B, it should be understood as disclosing all possible combinations, i.e., A only, B only, and A and B, unless otherwise explicitly defined in individual cases. As alternative wording for the same combination, "at least one of A and B" or "A and / or B" can be used. The same applies to combinations of more than two elements.

[0019] If the singular forms such as “a,” “an,” and “the” are used, and the use of a single element is not explicitly or implicitly defined as mandatory, other examples may use several elements to achieve the same functionality. If the functionality is described below as being implemented using multiple elements, other examples may use a single element or a single processing entity to achieve the same functionality. It should also be understood that the terms “include,” “including,” “comprise,” and / or “comprising”, when used, describe the presence of a particular feature, whole, step, operation, process, element, component, and / or group thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, processes, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0020] Figure 1 An exemplary collaborative system 100 for waste treatment is schematically illustrated. The collaborative system 100 includes a waste treatment system 110 for treating waste 101. Specifically, the waste treatment system 110 is configured to perform biological treatment of the waste 101.

[0021] Waste 101 can generally be any type of waste that can be treated by biological processes. For example, waste 101 can be solid waste, liquid waste, gaseous waste, or a combination thereof. Biological treatment of waste can be any treatment of waste 101 that includes one or more biological processes and / or involves one or more organisms to transform the organic and / or inorganic components of waste 101. For example, the biodegradable components of waste 101 can be decomposed by biological treatment (e.g., composting, anaerobic digestion, or aerobic digestion). In other examples, biological treatment can be used for denitrification of waste 101, i.e., to reduce nitrates in waste 101. Similarly, biological treatment can be used to reduce other inorganic components in waste 101. Waste treatment system 110 can use a variety of organisms, particularly microorganisms such as algae, fungi, bacteria, or ciliates, for the biological treatment of waste 101. For example, waste treatment system 110 can be a wastewater treatment system for treating wastewater such as landfill drainage, domestic wastewater, municipal wastewater, or industrial wastewater. In other examples, waste treatment system 110 may be a solid waste treatment system, such as a mechanical-biological treatment system that uses mechanical waste sorting and biological treatment to treat solid waste (such as household solid waste, municipal solid waste, or industrial solid waste). However, it should be noted that waste treatment system 110 is not limited to the examples above.

[0022] Waste treatment system 110 is configured to output biotreated material 102 generated from the biological treatment of waste 101. For example, the biotreated material 102 may be purified wastewater, compost, digestate, residual unusable materials, renewable fuels, recycled recyclable materials such as metals, paper, plastics, glass, etc., or a combination thereof. The output biotreated material 102 may, for example, be reused, further treated (e.g., thermally treated or recycled), or deposited in a landfill.

[0023] In addition to the biologically treated material 102, the biological treatment of waste 101 generates exhaust gas 111 (e.g., exhaust gas flow). The co-processing system 100 also includes a gas purification system 120 coupled to the waste treatment system 110 and configured to purify the exhaust gas 111 generated during the biological treatment of the waste.

[0024] The gas purification system 120 is a system that receives exhaust gas 111 at an inlet and removes impurities or one or more pollutants from the exhaust gas 111, such that purified (clean) exhaust gas 103 is output (emitted / released) at an outlet of the gas purification system 120. The purified exhaust gas 103 may be released into the environment. In this context, pollutants can be understood as substances that, when present in a specific amount or concentration (e.g., defined as the mass of pollutants per unit volume of exhaust gas 111 or the number of pollutant particles per unit volume of exhaust gas 111), endanger the system, animals, humans, and / or the environment. Therefore, the purification of exhaust gas 111 may include, for example, detoxification, denitrification, deacidification, desulfurization, dust removal, or combinations thereof. For example, organic and / or inorganic pollutants may be removed from exhaust gas 111 by the gas purification system 120. Organic and / or inorganic pollutants can be, for example, nitrogen oxides (NOx), methane (CH4), sulfur oxides (SOx), hydrogen fluoride (HF), ammonia (NH3), hydrogen chloride (HCl), dioxins, furans, or pollutants with the basic structure CxHyOz (C represents carbon; H represents hydrogen; O represents oxygen; x, y, and z are natural numbers).

[0025] The gas purification system 120 can use a variety of methods to purify the exhaust gas 111. For example, the gas purification system 120 can use known concentration methods / processes (e.g., by means of absorption, adsorption, or membrane), condensation methods, catalytic methods, non-catalytic chemical methods, methods using non-thermal plasma (cold oxidation), biological methods (e.g., bioscrubbers, biofilters), mechanical methods, electromechanical methods, thermal methods, or combinations of several of the methods mentioned above. According to some examples, the gas purification system 120 can be configured to purify the exhaust gas 111 by a thermal method such as regenerative thermal oxidation (RTO) or a catalytic method such as regenerative catalytic oxidation (RCO). The gas purification system 120 can use one or more flame or flameless processes to purify the exhaust gas 111. For example, the gas purification system 120 can be configured to purify the exhaust gas 111 by a flameless RTO or a flameless RCO. However, it should be noted that the gas purification system 120 is not limited to the above exemplary gas purification technologies.

[0026] The efficiency of one or more biological processes for treating waste 101 carried out in waste treatment system 110 depends on the environmental conditions within waste treatment system 110. In particular, the efficiency of one or more biological processes depends on the ambient temperature within waste treatment system 110. Biological processes are most effective within a specific temperature range. If the ambient temperature is higher or lower than a specific temperature range, the efficiency of the biological processes decreases. Therefore, adjusting the ambient temperature within waste treatment system 110 to a specific temperature range allows for optimization of the efficiency of biological waste treatment.

[0027] Adjusting the ambient temperature within the waste treatment system 110 requires heat. In many conventional systems, heat is unavailable, resulting in ambient temperatures within the waste treatment system 110 falling below a certain temperature range. Consequently, the efficiency of biological processes carried out in the waste treatment system 110 is reduced. For example, the efficiency of biological processes can vary with the seasons (e.g., being more efficient in summer than in winter due to higher temperatures). In other conventional systems, heat is generated using external energy sources such as electricity or fossil fuels. For example, electricity or fossil fuels can be converted into heat for heating waste 101 before or during its biological treatment. Alternatively or additionally, the treatment space of the waste treatment system 110, where the biological treatment of waste 101 is carried out, can be heated. The conventional use of external energy increases efficiency but also increases the cost of waste treatment. Furthermore, waste treatment generates greenhouse gas emissions when fossil fuels or electricity from non-renewable sources are used for heating.

[0028] The gas purification system 120 generates excess heat 121 during operation. Excess heat 121 is thermal energy recovered at the gas purification system 120 from the purification process used to purify exhaust gas 111. Excess heat 121 can be understood as waste heat of the gas purification system 120, as it is a “waste product” of the purification process. For example, excess heat can be recovered in the process chamber of the gas purification system 120 or from the gas stream treated by the gas purification system 120 (e.g., purified exhaust gas 103).

[0029] According to the proposed configuration, the excess heat 121 from the gas purification system 120 is synergistically used in the waste treatment system 110. Specifically, the synergistic system 100 includes a feedback system 130 configured to feed the excess heat 121 from the gas purification system 120 back to the waste treatment system 110. The waste treatment system 110 is further configured to use the fed-back excess heat 121 for the biological treatment of waste 101.

[0030] Using the excess heat 121 fed back from the biological treatment of waste 101 in the waste treatment system 110 allows for optimization (improvement) of the efficiency of biological waste treatment, as the excess heat 121 can be used to adjust (improve) the ambient temperature within the waste treatment system 110. Therefore, the efficiency of biological treatment of waste 101 can be improved compared to conventional systems that do not use heat for temperature optimization. Furthermore, compared to conventional systems that use external energy to regulate the ambient temperature within the waste treatment system 110, the excess heat 121 fed back allows for a reduction in the external energy consumption for regulating the ambient temperature within the waste treatment system 110, as the excess heat 121 fed back allows for covering at least a portion of the heat demand of the waste treatment system 110. Therefore, compared to conventional methods, the total energy consumption and total greenhouse gas emissions of the co-processing system 100 for the treatment of waste 101 can be reduced. Additionally, the biological treatment of waste 101 can be performed by the waste treatment system 110 with reduced energy consumption at high efficiency and / or in a shorter time.

[0031] Waste treatment system 110 can utilize the excess heat 121 returned via feedback in various ways. For example, waste treatment system 110 can be configured to use the excess heat 121 returned via feedback to heat a treatment space in which the biological treatment of waste 101 is performed. Alternatively or additionally, waste treatment system 110 can be configured to use the excess heat 121 returned via feedback to heat waste 101. By heating the treatment space and / or waste 101, as described above, the efficiency of the biological treatment of waste 101 can be improved.

[0032] Feedback system 130 can feed excess heat 121 back to waste treatment system 110 in various ways. For example, feedback system 130 can feed a heat transfer medium, such as a fluid (e.g., water or hot oil) or a gas (e.g., air or steam), from waste treatment system 110 to gas purification system 120, such that the heat transfer medium is heated by excess heat 121, and feed the heated heat transfer medium back to waste treatment system 110. Waste treatment system 110 can use the heat stored in the heated heat transfer medium for the biological treatment of waste 101 (e.g., as described above).

[0033] The collaborative system 100 further includes an exhaust gas transfer system 140 configured to transfer exhaust gas 111 from the exhaust gas treatment system 110 to the gas purification system 120. The exhaust gas transfer system 140 can be a separate system (e.g., Figure 1(as shown), or is part of one of the exhaust gas treatment system 110 and the gas purification system 120. The exhaust gas transmission system 140 collects exhaust gas 111 at the exhaust gas treatment system 110 and transmits exhaust gas 111 to the gas purification system 120. The exhaust gas transmission system 140 may include ductwork for transmitting exhaust gas 111 and optionally one or more other components such as pumps, fans, blowers, or compressors.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, the gas purification system 120 can be further configured to receive and purify other exhaust gases 104. These other exhaust gases 104 are received from sources different from the waste treatment system 110. In some examples, the other source of the exhaust gas may be located near the exhaust gas treatment system 110, such that the gas purification system 120 can be used to purify exhaust gases 111 and 104 from both sources. For example, if the waste treatment system 110 is a wastewater treatment system for treating landfill drainage, the gas purification system 120 can purify not only the exhaust gas 111 of the waste treatment system 110, but also the gaseous emissions from the landfill itself.

[0035] According to some examples, waste treatment system 110 may also use purified exhaust gas 103 for biological treatment of waste. Therefore, co-processing system 100 may optionally further include a purified exhaust gas transport system 150 coupled to the outlet of gas purification system 120 and configured to transport purified exhaust gas 104 to waste treatment system 110. Purified exhaust gas transport system 150 may include conduits for transporting purified exhaust gas 103 and optionally one or more other elements such as pumps, fans, blowers, or compressors. For example, waste treatment system 110 may be configured to use purified exhaust gas 104 to heat a treatment space in which biological treatment of waste 101 is carried out. Alternatively or additionally, waste treatment system 110 may be configured to use purified exhaust gas 104 to heat waste 101. Waste treatment system 110 may heat wastewater, for example, by blowing or agitating purified exhaust gas 104 into the wastewater. In other examples, waste treatment system 110 may be configured to use purified exhaust gas 104 to regulate one or more other environmental conditions within waste treatment system 110 (e.g., the corresponding concentration of one or more substances such as oxygen in the ambient air within waste treatment system 110).

[0036] Figure 2 Another exemplary collaborative system 200 for waste treatment is schematically illustrated. The collaborative system 200 is used to treat wastewater 201 from a landfill. In other words, the waste being treated is wastewater 201 from a landfill. For example, wastewater 201 can be drainage or leachate from the landfill.

[0037] The waste treatment system 110 of the co-operation system 200 may, for example, be coupled to a pool or dam for collecting drainage or seepage from a landfill. The waste treatment system 110 receives wastewater 201 and feeds it back to a treatment space 116, such as a tank or pool. In the treatment space 116, the wastewater 201 is biologically treated (e.g., by a Fenton process) to reduce or remove organic matter or other substances that contaminate the landfill drainage.

[0038] The purified wastewater 202 is discharged (discharged, released) from the waste treatment system 110. For example, the purified wastewater 202 may be returned to a pool or dam used to collect drainage or seepage water from a landfill.

[0039] Waste gas 111 is generated during the biological treatment of wastewater 201. For example, waste gas 111 may include methane or other odorous substances generated during the biological treatment of wastewater 201. Furthermore, evaporation of wastewater 201 from treatment space 116 may generate some of the waste gas 111.

[0040] The exhaust gas transmission system 140 of the cooperating system 200 is configured to collect exhaust gas 111 and transmit the exhaust gas 111 from the exhaust gas treatment system 110 to the gas purification system 120 of the cooperating system 200. The gas purification system 120 is configured to receive the exhaust gas 111 at the inlet and purify the exhaust gas 111. Figure 2 The gas purification system 120 in the example is configured to purify exhaust gas 111 via an RTO. However, it should be noted that this is merely an example. In general, any other suitable technology (such as an RCO) can also be used to purify exhaust gas 111. The gas purification system 120 is further configured to release the purified exhaust gas 103 at an outlet. For example, the purified exhaust gas 103 can be released into the environment. Thermal energy is recovered at the gas purification system 120 and can be used as excess heat 121 for other purposes.

[0041] The feedback system 130 of the collaborative system 200 is configured to feed back excess heat 121 from the gas purification system 120 to the waste treatment system 110. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the feedback system 130 can feed back the heat transfer medium from the waste treatment system 110 to the gas purification system 120, so that the heat transfer medium is heated by excess heat 121, and feed the heated heat transfer medium back to the waste treatment system 110.

[0042] Waste treatment system 110 includes heat exchanger 115. Heat exchanger 115 receives heated heat transfer medium from feedback system 130 and uses excess heat 121 stored in the heated heat transfer medium to heat wastewater 201, such that the heated wastewater 201 is fed back to treatment space 116.

[0043] When wastewater 201 is heated before being fed back to treatment space 116, the ambient temperature in treatment space 116 can be increased. Specifically, the ambient temperature in treatment space 116 can be adjusted to a specific temperature to improve (optimize) the efficiency of biological treatment. Therefore, the treatment of wastewater 201 can be improved. Furthermore, when excess heat 121 recovered in gas purification system 120 is used, little or no external energy is required to heat wastewater 201 in treatment space 116.

[0044] In other words, waste heat from waste gas treatment is used to optimize upstream biological processes (especially climatic conditions) for optimized waste treatment via biological treatment. Furthermore, heating wastewater 201 with excess heat 121 allows for a reduction in the risk of wastewater 201 freezing in winter, making biological treatment of wastewater 201 with improved efficiency possible year-round. Since the waste gas (waste) 111 from the biological treatment of wastewater 201 is used to improve the biological water treatment process, water treatment can be performed more efficiently and with reduced greenhouse gas emissions.

[0045] exist Figure 2 In the example, the gas purification system 120 not only receives and purifies the exhaust gas 111 from the exhaust gas treatment system 110, but also receives and purifies other exhaust gases 104 from another source, such as the landfill itself. The landfill also emits exhaust gases contaminated with harmful and / or odorous substances such as methane. Therefore, the gas purification system 120 can also be used to purify gas emissions from the landfill itself.

[0046] One component of exhaust gas 111, along with other exhaust gas 104, is methane. The organic material content in waste dumped in landfills decreases over time, so the methane content of exhaust gas 111 and other exhaust gas 104 also decreases. If a conventional gas burner is used for exhaust gas treatment, approximately 30% methane content is required to maintain the temperature needed for exhaust gas oxidation in the gas treatment system. If a covered flame without external heat recovery is used for exhaust gas treatment, at least 15%-20% methane content will be required to maintain the temperature. If the methane concentration is low, external fuel is needed to maintain the temperature required for oxidation. However, during the landfill's lifespan, the methane content of exhaust gas 111 and other exhaust gas 104 can be below 1%, making these technologies unsuitable for gas treatment. On the other hand, for gases with very low energy content (i.e., very low impurity content), RTO can allow for self-heating gas treatment and heat recovery. In particular, RTO allows for the purification and heat recovery of self-heating gases with methane content of less than 1%, making it a suitable purification technology for gas purification system 120. For example, RTO can allow the cooperating system 200 to operate for more than 25 years. RCO offers similar advantages to RTO, therefore RCO can be used as an alternative to gas purification system 120.

[0047] Similar to the reference above Figure 1 As described, the purified exhaust gas 103 can optionally be fed back to the waste treatment system 100. For example, the purified exhaust gas 103 can be injected into the treatment space 116 for temperature optimization. For example, the purified exhaust gas 103 can be bubbled into wastewater 201 to heat the wastewater 201.

[0048] like Figure 2 As shown, the waste treatment system 110 can be configured to feed fresh air 105 from the surrounding environment back to the treatment space 116 to support or improve the biological treatment of wastewater 201.

[0049] like Figure 2 The treatment of exhaust gases from landfills shown is merely an exemplary application of the proposed structure. Similar to the above reference... Figure 1 The proposed structure, as described, can be used, for example, in the treatment of exhaust gases from wastewater treatment plants that use RTOs to oxidize emissions. The proposed energy recovery (e.g., via hot water) can be used to provide heat for water treatment processes, and thus improve the efficiency of these processes.

[0050] Although Figure 1 and Figure 2 The preceding description focuses on the overall structure of the proposed configuration, but the following description will focus on various aspects of the gas purification system. In particular, reference will be made below. Figures 3 to 5Various exemplary gas purification technologies and their implementation methods are described.

[0051] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a gas purification system 300 for a flameless RTO of exhaust gas 111 is schematically shown. The gas purification system 300 includes an inlet 350 for receiving exhaust gas 111. Figure 3 Subgraph (a) shows the first flow direction of the exhaust gas 111 passing through the gas purification system 300, while Figure 3 Subgraph (b) shows the opposite second flow direction of the exhaust gas 111 passing through the gas purification system 300.

[0052] In addition, the gas purification system 300 includes a single (i.e., exactly one) heat transfer bed 310 filled with a porous ceramic material 315 used as a heat transfer material. The ceramic material 315 may be structurally or randomly encapsulated in the heat transfer bed 310 to form regular or irregular patterns (e.g., ceramic honeycomb or ceramic saddles may be used).

[0053] Additionally, the gas purification system 300 includes an electric heater 320 (e.g., an electric coil grid) configured to initially heat the ceramic material 315 to a predetermined temperature (range) suitable for the thermal oxidation of the exhaust gas 111. For example, the electric heater 320 can heat the ceramic material 315 to approximately 1000°C, suitable for the thermal oxidation of the exhaust gas 111.

[0054] The gas purification system 300 further includes an airflow control system 330. Once the ceramic material is heated by the electric heater 320, the airflow control system 330 is configured to allow the exhaust gas 111 to flow through the heated ceramic material 315, causing the exhaust gas 111 to heat up and oxidize as it flows through the ceramic material 315. Figure 3 In sub-figure (a), the airflow control system 330 directs exhaust gas 111 through a heated ceramic material 315 from top to bottom. As exhaust gas 111 flows from the top to the bottom of the porous ceramic material 315, the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaust gas 111 become sufficiently hot to undergo thermal oxidation into water vapor and carbon dioxide. The ceramic medium 315 at the bottom recovers the heat energy from the purified exhaust gas 103. In other words, the ceramic material 315 is configured to store the heat released by exhaust gas 111 during oxidation. The purified exhaust gas 103 is released at the outlet 360 of the gas purification system 300. For example, the temperature of the purified exhaust gas 103 may be less than 100°C higher than the temperature of exhaust gas 111 (e.g., the temperature may be only 20°C to 50°C higher).

[0055] The airflow control system 330 is further configured to periodically reverse the flow direction of the exhaust gas 111 through the ceramic material 315 (e.g., every 90 to 120 seconds). This... Figure 3The subgraph (b) is shown. Figure 3 In sub-figure (b), the airflow control system 330 directs the exhaust gas 111 through the ceramic material 315 from bottom to top. As the airflow control system 330 directs the exhaust gas 111 through the ceramic material 315 from top to bottom, the heat energy previously stored in the bottom portion of the ceramic material 315 is now used to heat the exhaust gas 111 to its oxidation temperature. Therefore, the ceramic medium 315 in the top portion recovers the heat energy from the purified exhaust gas 103.

[0056] The periodic reversal of the flow direction of the exhaust gas 111 through the ceramic material 315 allows for maintaining a high heat exchange efficiency (e.g., above 95%) in the ceramic material 315. Therefore, the gas purification system 300 can recover substantially all the heat required to maintain the desired oxidation temperature of the heat transfer bed 310. Furthermore, the periodic reversal of the flow direction of the exhaust gas 111 allows for maintaining a predetermined temperature distribution in the heat transfer bed 310 along its vertical extension. Specifically, the periodic reversal of the flow direction of the exhaust gas 111 allows for keeping the hottest region at the center of the heat transfer bed 310 along its vertical extension.

[0057] exist Figure 3 In the example, the airflow control system 330 is formed by air chambers 370, 375 located above and below the heat transfer bed 310 and multiple valves 380, 385.

[0058] The gas purification system further includes a heat exchanger 340 arranged in the heat transfer bed 310. The heat exchanger 340 is configured to transfer heat from the ceramic material 315 to the heat transfer medium 345 flowing through the heat exchanger 340. Figure 3 As shown, the heat exchanger 340 may be formed by one or more tubes extending through the heat transfer bed 310, such that a ceramic material 315 surrounds one or more tubes. For example, multiple tubes may be arranged in one or more layers of the heat transfer bed 310 to extract heat from the heat transfer bed 310. The heat transfer medium flows through one or more tubes. The vertical position of one or more tubes or layers may be selected according to the temperature distribution of the heat transfer bed 310. The heat extraction through the heat exchanger 340 may further allow for stabilization of the temperature of the purified exhaust gas 103 (e.g., reducing the dependence of the temperature of the purified exhaust gas 103 on the VOC concentration in the exhaust gas 111).

[0059] The heat transfer medium can be a gas or a fluid such as water or hot oil. Using a fluid heat transfer medium is advantageous over using a gaseous heat transfer medium because heat transfer from a solid pipe wall to a fluid medium is superior to heat transfer from a solid pipe wall to a gaseous medium.

[0060] The vertical extension of the hottest region at the center of the heat transfer bed 310 can depend on the VOC concentration in the exhaust gas 111. A higher VOC concentration in the exhaust gas 111 can result in a larger vertical extension of the hottest region. Therefore, for a higher VOC concentration in the exhaust gas 111, more heat energy can be extracted.

[0061] The heated heat transfer medium 345 is transferred to the waste treatment system via a feedback system of the proposed synergistic system, enabling the waste treatment system to use excess heat recovered from the heat transfer bed 310 for the biological treatment of waste. In other words, the feedback system is configured to feed the heated heat transfer medium 345 back to the waste treatment system. Both closed-loop and open-loop methods can be used for the heat transfer medium.

[0062] If the methane content in the exhaust gas 111 is only one percent, then the gas purification system 300 can, for example, allow the recovery of all heat energy.

[0063] Figure 4 An extended variant of the gas purification system 300 is shown. Specifically, Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the gas purification system 400 is shown. Compared to the gas purification system 300, the gas purification system 400 additionally includes a heat exchanger 470 coupled to an outlet 360 for releasing the purified exhaust gas 103. The heat exchanger 470 is configured to transfer heat from the purified exhaust gas 103 to a heat transfer medium 475 flowing through the heat exchanger 470. The heat transfer medium 475 can be a gas or fluid such as water, steam, or hot oil.

[0064] The heat transfer medium 475 is fed back to the heat exchanger 470 through the conduit 480. Optionally, one or more other components, such as a pump 485, a fan, a blower, or a compressor, may be used to transfer the heat transfer medium 475 to the heat exchanger 470.

[0065] The heat exchanger 470 allows excess heat to be recovered from the purified exhaust gas 103 released at the outlet 360.

[0066] The heated heat transfer medium 475 is transferred to the waste treatment system via a feedback system of the proposed synergistic system, enabling the waste treatment system to use excess heat recovered from the purified waste gas 103 for the biological treatment of the waste. In other words, the feedback system is configured to feed the heated heat transfer medium 475 back to the waste treatment system. Both closed-loop and open-loop methods can be used for the heat transfer medium.

[0067] exist Figure 4In the example, heat is recovered from the heat transfer bed 310 via heat exchanger 340, and additionally from the purified waste gas 103 via heat exchanger 470. The gas purification system 400 can allow the recovery of more excess heat than the gas purification system 300, and thus provides an increased amount of excess heat for the biological treatment of waste.

[0068] In some examples, the heat exchanger 340 for recovering heat from the heat transfer bed 310 may be omitted. In other words, the gas purification system according to this disclosure may include only the heat exchanger 470, without the heat exchanger 340.

[0069] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of another gas purification system 500 for the RTO used in exhaust gas 111 is shown. Gas purification system 500 is a three-bed tower RTO system.

[0070] The gas purification system 500 includes three vertical heat transfer beds 510, 520, and 530, each filled with a porous ceramic material 505 used as a heat transfer material. The ceramic material 505 can be structurally or randomly encapsulated in the corresponding heat transfer bed to form regular or irregular patterns.

[0071] The airflow control system of the gas purification system 500 directs the exhaust gas 111 through one of the heat transfer beds 510, 520, and 530 onto a heated ceramic material. Figure 5 In the example, exhaust gas 111 flows through heat transfer bed 510. As exhaust gas 111 travels through heat transfer bed 510, heat from ceramic material 505 is transferred to exhaust gas 111. The heated exhaust gas 111 leaves heat transfer bed 510 and enters oxidation chamber 540. Burner 545 heats oxidation chamber 540, causing the heated exhaust gas 111 to oxidize into water and carbon dioxide. Figure 5 As shown, the burner 545 is fed fuel 502 and air 503 to heat the oxidation chamber 540 to a predetermined temperature (range) for oxidation.

[0072] The airflow control system directs the purified exhaust gas 103 toward the outlet 560 where it is released, through the ceramic material 505 of one of the other heat transfer beds 520 and 530. Figure 5 In the example, purified exhaust gas 103 is passed through heat transfer bed 530. As the purified exhaust gas 103 travels through heat transfer bed 530, it transfers most of its heat to the ceramic material 505 of heat transfer bed 530 for recovery in the second reverse cycle.

[0073] During this reverse cycle, the airflow control system directs exhaust gas 111 through the previously heated ceramic material of the heat transfer bed 530, and further directs purified exhaust gas 103 toward the outlet 560 through the ceramic material 505 of the heat transfer bed 520. The airflow control system also directs purge case 501 through the heat transfer bed 520 during the initial cycle to purge residual gases from the previous cycle. Similarly, the airflow control system directs purge case 501 through the heat transfer bed 510 during the reverse cycle.

[0074] In the third cycle, the airflow control system directs exhaust gas 111 through the previously heated ceramic material of the heat transfer bed 520, and further directs purified exhaust gas 103 toward the outlet 560 through the ceramic material 505 of the heat transfer bed 510. The heat transfer bed 530 is purged during the third cycle.

[0075] These three cycles are repeated continuously to alternately cool one of the heat transfer beds 510, 520 and 530, heat another, and purge the third.

[0076] exist Figure 5 In the example, the airflow control system is provided by duct 506 and multiple valves 507 for controlling the inflow of exhaust gas 111 and purge agent 501 into heat transfer beds 510, 520 and 530, and for controlling the outflow of purified exhaust gas 103 from heat transfer beds 510, 520 and 530.

[0077] Excess heat can be recovered in several ways. For example, similar to the reference above. Figure 4 As described, heat exchanger 590 can be coupled to outlet 560. Heat exchanger 590 is configured to transfer heat from purified waste gas 103 to a heat transfer medium 595 flowing through heat exchanger 590. Heat transfer medium 595 can be a gas or a fluid such as water or hot oil. Heat exchanger 590 can allow the recovery of excess heat from the purified waste gas 103 released at outlet 360. The heated heat transfer medium 595 is transferred to a waste treatment system via a feedback system of the proposed synergistic system, enabling the waste treatment system to use the excess heat recovered from the purified waste gas 103 for biological treatment of the waste. Both closed-loop and open-loop methods can be used for the heat transfer medium.

[0078] Optionally, a three-bed tower RTO system, such as gas purification system 500, may include a bypass 550 configured to divert a portion of the purified exhaust gas 103 to bypass one of the respective heat transfer beds 510, 520, and 530. The bypass 550 serves to direct the remaining purified exhaust gas 103 to outlet 560. The bypass 550 may also be referred to as a “thermal bypass” because the purified exhaust gas 103 operating (flowing) through the bypass 550 exhibits a significantly higher temperature than the purified exhaust gas 103 released to outlet 560 from one of the respective heat transfer beds 510, 520, and 530. The bypass 550 bypasses the heat transfer beds 510, 520, and 530 and directly couples oxidation chamber 540 to outlet 560.

[0079] The gas purification system 500 includes a heat exchanger 580 coupled to a bypass 550. The heat exchanger 580 is configured to transfer heat from purified exhaust gas 103 flowing through the bypass 550 to a heat transfer medium 585 flowing through the heat exchanger 580. The heat transfer medium 585 can be a gas or a fluid such as water or hot oil. The heat exchanger 580 allows for the recovery of excess heat from the purified exhaust gas 103 flowing through the bypass 550. The heated heat transfer medium 585 is transferred to a waste treatment system via a feedback system of the proposed synergistic system, enabling the waste treatment system to use the excess heat recovered from the purified exhaust gas 103 for biological treatment of the waste. Both closed-loop and open-loop methods can be used for the heat transfer medium.

[0080] Optionally, the gas purification system 500 may include another heat exchanger 570 coupled to a bypass 550 upstream of the heat exchanger 580. The other heat exchanger 570 is configured to transfer heat from the purified exhaust gas 103 flowing through the bypass 550 to another heat transfer medium 575 flowing through the other heat exchanger 570. The other heat transfer medium 575 may be a gas or a fluid such as water or hot oil. Similar to the heat exchanger 580, the other heat exchanger 570 may allow the recovery of excess heat from the heated purified exhaust gas 103 flowing through the bypass 550. The other heat exchanger 570 may allow the recovery of excess heat from a heat-consuming system different from the waste treatment system described above. For example, a heat-consuming system different from the waste treatment system described above may be an industrial system in an industrial plant or a zone heating system near the gas purification system 500. Therefore, in some examples, the proposed synergistic system may include another feedback system configured to feed back the heated other heat transfer medium 575 to a heat-consuming system different from the waste treatment system. Both closed-loop and open-loop systems can be used with another heat transfer medium 575. Therefore, not only waste treatment systems but also other heat-consuming systems can be equipped with available excess heat from gas purification.

[0081] exist Figure 5In the example, heat exchanger 570 allows for high-temperature extraction of excess energy, and heat exchanger 580 allows for low-temperature extraction of excess energy.

[0082] According to some examples, the gas purification system 500 may include a mixer (not shown) configured to mix at least a portion of the purified exhaust gas 103 flowing through bypass 505 with a gas stream to generate a heated gas stream. The gas purification system 500 may include a mixer other than or replacing heat exchanger 580. The gas stream may be, for example, an air stream. However, it should be noted that other gases may also be used. Furthermore, the mixer may allow the recovery of excess heat from the hot purified exhaust gas 103 flowing through bypass 550. The heated gas stream is transmitted to a waste treatment system via a feedback system of the proposed synergistic system, enabling the waste treatment system to use the excess heat recovered from the purified exhaust gas 103 for biological treatment of the waste. Both closed-loop and open-loop configurations can be used for the heated gas stream. For example, the waste treatment system may use the heated gas stream as a process gas for biological treatment or for heating treated waste or treatment spaces.

[0083] It should be noted that other RTO systems can also be used in the proposed co-processing system for waste treatment. For example, a three-bed tower RTO system with hot gas flushing can be used instead. Figure 5 The purge gas flushing is shown. Similarly, a twin-bed tower RTO system can be used. For example, a twin-bed tower RTO can be equipped with a buffer tank or with reclining (i.e., horizontally aligned) beds instead of... Figure 5 The vertically aligned beds are shown. Typically, any multi-bed RTO system can be used. A single-bed RTO system can also be used. In some examples, an RTO system with a rotating heat transfer bed can be used. Alternatively, the heat transfer bed can be fixed, and the distribution and collection system for injecting exhaust gas into the heat transfer bed and collecting the purified exhaust gas leaving the heat transfer bed can rotate. What these gas purification systems for RTO have in common is that they include a corresponding airflow control system configured to:

[0084] The waste gas is passed through a heated first ceramic material, causing the waste gas to heat up and oxidize; and

[0085] The purified exhaust gas flows through the second ceramic material towards the outlet for releasing the purified exhaust gas.

[0086] and Figure 5 Similarly, these gas purification systems for RTOs may include a bypass configured to divert a portion of the purified exhaust gas to bypass the second ceramic material.

[0087] Excess heat can be recovered in several ways in these gas purification systems used in RTOs. (Similar to the reference above.) Figure 5 As described, the heat exchanger can be coupled to the outlet of a corresponding gas purification system for the RTO to transfer heat from the purified exhaust gas to the heat transfer medium flowing through the heat exchanger. In cases where the corresponding gas purification system for the RTO includes a bypass, one or more heat exchangers can be coupled to the bypass (similar to...). Figure 5 Heat exchangers 570 and 580 shown are used to transfer heat from purified exhaust gas flowing through a bypass to a corresponding heat transfer medium flowing through the respective heat exchanger. Additionally or alternatively, a mixer may be coupled to the bypass to mix at least a portion of the purified exhaust gas flowing through the bypass with the gas stream to produce a heated gas stream. Similar to the above reference... Figure 5 As described, the heated heat transfer medium and the heated airflow can be fed back to the waste treatment system and optionally to other heat-consuming systems.

[0088] The ceramic materials used in the examples described herein can be, for example, alumina ceramics, mullite, refractory clay (fire clay), cordierite, zircon, or mixtures thereof. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. Other types of ceramic materials may also be used.

[0089] In addition to the above reference Figures 3 to 5 In addition to one or more heat transfer beds, a catalytic material may be provided in the described gas purification system. Therefore, the temperature required for oxidizing the waste gas can be lower, allowing the gas purification system to operate at a lower temperature. For example, one or more layers of catalytic material may be attached to one or both ends of the respective heat transfer bed along the (possible) flow direction of the waste gas. Alternatively or additionally, ceramic materials (e.g., cordierite) in one or more heat transfer beds may be at least partially coated with the catalytic material. Further alternatively or additionally, the catalytic material may be mixed with the ceramic material in one or more heat transfer beds. For example, one or more oxidation catalysts and / or one or more reduction catalysts may be used. However, this disclosure is not limited thereto. Other types of catalysts may also be used. Such a gas purification system can be understood as an RCO system.

[0090] To further illustrate the proposed structure for waste treatment Figure 6A flowchart of a method 600 for waste treatment is shown. Method 600 includes performing biological treatment of waste using a waste treatment system 602. Furthermore, method 600 includes using a gas purification system to purify exhaust gases generated during the biological treatment of waste 604. Method 600 further includes using a feedback system to feed excess heat from the gas purification system back to the waste treatment system 606. Additionally, method 600 includes using the fed-back excess heat in the waste treatment system for biological treatment of waste 608.

[0091] Method 600 allows for the coordinated operation of a gas purification system and a waste treatment system. Specifically, using excess heat from the feedback loop for biological waste treatment in the waste treatment system can allow at least a portion of the energy requirements of the waste treatment system to be covered. Therefore, according to the proposed technique, the total energy consumption for waste treatment can be reduced. Furthermore, the excess energy from the feedback loop can allow for the optimization of process conditions for biological waste treatment, and thus allows for the efficient execution of biological waste treatment.

[0092] For example, purifying 604 waste gas may include purifying the waste gas by means of (e.g., flameless) RTO or (e.g., flameless) RCO.

[0093] In some examples, the gas purification system may include a single heat transfer bed filled with ceramic material. In this case, purifying the 604 exhaust gas may include initially heating the ceramic material to a predetermined temperature using an electric heater. Furthermore, purifying the 604 exhaust gas may include passing the exhaust gas through the heated ceramic material, causing the exhaust gas to heat up and oxidize as it flows through the ceramic material. The ceramic material stores the heat released by the exhaust gas during oxidation. Additionally, purifying the 604 exhaust gas may include periodically reversing the flow direction of the exhaust gas through the ceramic material.

[0094] Optionally, the gas purification system may further include a heat exchanger disposed within the heat transfer bed. In this case, method 600 may further include transferring heat from the ceramic material to a heat transfer medium flowing through the heat exchanger. Furthermore, feeding excess heat 606 from the gas purification system back to the waste treatment system may include feeding the heated heat transfer medium back to the waste treatment system. As described above, the heat exchanger may include one or more tubes extending through the heat transfer bed and surrounded by ceramic material. The heat transfer medium flows through the aforementioned one or more tubes.

[0095] In other examples, purifying the 604 exhaust gas may include passing the exhaust gas through a heated first ceramic material, thereby heating and oxidizing the exhaust gas. Furthermore, purifying the 604 exhaust gas may include passing the purified exhaust gas toward an outlet for releasing the purified exhaust gas through a second ceramic material. Additionally, purifying the 604 exhaust gas may include using a bypass to divert a portion of the purified exhaust gas to bypass the second ceramic material.

[0096] In some examples, the gas purification system may include a heat exchanger coupled to a bypass. In this case, method 600 may further include transferring heat from the purified exhaust gas flowing through the bypass to a heat transfer medium flowing through the heat exchanger. Furthermore, feeding excess heat 606 from the gas purification system back to the waste treatment system may include feeding back a heated heat transfer medium to the waste treatment system.

[0097] Optionally, the gas purification system may include another heat exchanger coupled upstream of the heat exchanger via a bypass. In this case, method 600 may further include transferring heat from the purified exhaust gas flowing through the bypass to another heat transfer medium flowing through the other heat exchanger. Furthermore, method 600 may include using (via) another feedback system to feed back the heated additional heat transfer medium to a heat-consuming system different from the waste treatment system.

[0098] Additionally or alternatively, the gas purification system may include a mixer. In this case, method 600 may further include mixing at least a portion of the purified exhaust gas flowing through the bypass with the gas stream to generate a heated gas stream. Furthermore, feeding excess heat from the gas purification system back to the waste treatment system 606 may include feeding the heated gas stream back to the waste treatment system.

[0099] According to some examples, a gas purification system may include an outlet for releasing purified exhaust gas and a heat exchanger coupled to the outlet. In this case, method 600 may further include transferring heat from the purified exhaust gas to a heat transfer medium flowing through the heat exchanger. Furthermore, feeding excess heat 606 from the gas purification system back to the waste treatment system may include feeding back a heated heat transfer medium to the waste treatment system.

[0100] In some examples, the gas purification system further includes an outlet for releasing the purified exhaust gas. In this case, method 600 may further include using a purified exhaust gas transmission system to transmit the purified exhaust gas to an exhaust gas treatment system. Furthermore, using the excess heat fed back at 608 for the biological treatment of the waste may include using the purified exhaust gas for the biological treatment of the waste.

[0101] According to the example, method 600 may further include using an exhaust gas transmission system to transmit exhaust gas from the exhaust gas treatment system to a gas purification system.

[0102] In some examples, method 600 may further include receiving and purifying other exhaust gases from sources different from the waste treatment system at the gas purification system.

[0103] As described above, the waste treatment system may include a treatment space in which the biological treatment of waste is carried out. In this case, using the excess heat fed back from 608 for the biological treatment of waste may include using the excess heat fed back to heat the treatment space.

[0104] Additionally or alternatively, using the excess heat fed back from 608 for the biological treatment of waste may include using the excess heat fed back to heat the waste.

[0105] Further details and aspects of method 600 are combined with the proposed techniques or the above (e.g., Figures 1 to 5 The method may be explained using one or more examples described above. Method 600 may include one or more additional optional features corresponding to one or more aspects of the proposed technique or one or more examples described above.

[0106] The aspects and features described in relation to a particular example in the previous examples may also be combined with one or more other examples to replace the same or similar features of that other example or to additionally introduce that feature into that other example.

[0107] It should be further understood that the disclosure of several steps, processes, operations, or functions in the specification or claims should not be construed as meaning that these operations necessarily depend on the described order, unless explicitly stated in individual cases or necessary for technical reasons. Therefore, the preceding description does not limit the execution of several steps or functions to a specific order. Furthermore, in other examples, a single step, function, process, or operation may include and / or be decomposed into several sub-steps, sub-functions, sub-processes, or sub-operations.

[0108] If aspects relating to an apparatus or system have already been described, these aspects should also be understood as descriptions of the corresponding methods. For example, a block, device, or functional aspect of an apparatus or system may correspond to a feature of a corresponding method, such as a method step. Therefore, the described aspects relating to a method should also be understood as descriptions of corresponding blocks, elements, properties, or functional features of the corresponding apparatus or system.

[0109] Hereinafter, the claims are incorporated into the detailed description, wherein each claim may be taken independently as a separate example. It should also be noted that while in the claims, dependent claims refer to a specific combination with one or more other claims, other examples may also include combinations of dependent claims with the subject matter of any other dependent or independent claim. Such combinations are explicitly stated herein unless, in individual cases, it is stated that a particular combination was not intentional. Furthermore, the features of a claim should also be included in any other independent claim, even if that claim is not directly defined as dependent on any other independent claim.

Claims

1. A collaborative system (100) for waste treatment, comprising: Waste treatment system (110), the waste treatment system (110) being configured to perform biological treatment of waste (101); A gas purification system (120) configured to purify exhaust gas (111) generated during the biological treatment of the waste (101); and A feedback system (130) is configured to feed back excess heat (121) from the gas purification system (120) to the waste treatment system (110). The waste treatment system (110) is further configured to use the excess heat (121) fed back for the biological treatment of the waste (101). The gas purification system (120) is configured to purify the waste gas (111) by regenerative thermal oxidation or regenerative catalytic oxidation. The gas purification system (120) includes: A single heat transfer bed (310) filled with ceramic material (315); An electric heater (320) configured to initially heat the ceramic material (315) to a predetermined temperature; and An airflow control system (370, 375, 380, 385) is configured to cause the exhaust gas (111) to flow through the heated ceramic material (315), such that the exhaust gas (111) is heated and oxidized while flowing through the ceramic material (315). The ceramic material (315) is configured to store the heat released by the exhaust gas (111) during oxidation, and The airflow control system (370, 375, 380, 385) is further configured to periodically reverse the flow direction of the exhaust gas (111) passing through the ceramic material (315). The gas purification system (120) further includes a heat exchanger (340) arranged in the heat transfer bed (310), wherein the heat exchanger (340) is configured to transfer heat from the ceramic material (315) to a heat transfer medium (345) flowing through the heat exchanger (340), and wherein the feedback system (130) is configured to feed back the heated heat transfer medium (345) to the waste treatment system (110).

2. The system (100) according to claim 1, wherein, The gas purification system (120) is configured to purify the exhaust gas (111) by flameless regenerative thermal oxidation or flameless regenerative catalytic oxidation.

3. The system (100) according to claim 1, wherein, The heat exchanger (340) includes one or more tubes extending through the heat transfer bed (310) and surrounded by the ceramic material (315), wherein the heat transfer medium (345) flows through the one or more tubes.

4. The system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The gas purification system (120) includes: Outlets (360, 560) for releasing purified exhaust gas (103); and A heat exchanger (470, 590) is coupled to the outlet (360, 560) and is configured to transfer heat from the purified exhaust gas (103) to a heat transfer medium (475, 595) flowing through the heat exchanger (470, 590). The feedback system is configured to feed back the heated heat transfer medium (475, 595) to the waste treatment system (110).

5. The system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The gas purification system (120) further includes outlets (360, 560) for releasing purified waste gas (103), and wherein the system further includes a purified waste gas transmission system (150) configured to transmit the purified waste gas (103) to the waste treatment system (110), wherein the waste treatment system (110) is further configured to use the purified waste gas (103) for the biological treatment of the waste (101).

6. The system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3 further includes an exhaust gas transmission system (140) configured to transmit the exhaust gas (111) from the waste treatment system (110) to the gas purification system (120).

7. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The gas purification system (120) is also configured to receive and purify other waste gases (104) from sources different from the waste treatment system (110).

8. The system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The waste treatment system (110) includes a treatment space (116) in which the biological treatment of the waste (101) is carried out, and wherein the waste treatment system (110) is configured to heat the treatment space using the excess heat fed back.

9. The system (100) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein, The waste treatment system (110) is configured to heat the waste (101) using the excess heat fed back.

10. A method for waste treatment, the method comprising: Use waste treatment systems to perform biological treatment of waste; The waste gas generated during the biological treatment of the waste is purified using a gas purification system through regenerative thermal oxidation or regenerative catalytic oxidation. The excess heat from the gas purification system is fed back to the waste treatment system using a feedback system. as well as In the waste treatment system, the excess heat fed back is used for the biological treatment of the waste. The gas purification system includes a single heat transfer bed filled with ceramic material, and the method further includes: The ceramic material is initially heated to a predetermined temperature using an electric heater; and An airflow control system is used to direct the waste gas flow through the heated ceramic material, causing the waste gas to heat up and oxidize as it flows through the ceramic material. The ceramic material stores the heat released by the waste gas during oxidation, and The flow direction of the waste gas passing through the ceramic material is periodically reversed by the airflow control system. The gas purification system further includes a heat exchanger arranged in the heat transfer bed, and the method further includes: transferring heat from the ceramic material to a heat transfer medium flowing through the heat exchanger via the heat exchanger, and wherein feeding back excess heat from the gas purification system to the waste treatment system includes: using the feedback system to feed back the heated heat transfer medium to the waste treatment system.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, The waste gas is purified by flameless regenerative thermal oxidation or flameless regenerative catalytic oxidation.

12. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 11, wherein, The method further includes: The waste gas from the waste treatment system is transferred to the gas purification system using an exhaust gas transmission system.

13. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 11, wherein, The method further includes: The gas purification system receives waste gas from sources other than the waste treatment system; and The other waste gases are purified using the gas purification system.

14. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 11, wherein, The waste treatment system includes a treatment space in which the biological treatment of the waste is carried out, and wherein, in the waste treatment system, using the excess heat fed back for the biological treatment of the waste includes: heating the treatment space using the excess heat fed back.

15. The method according to any one of claims 10 to 11, wherein, In the waste treatment system, using the excess heat fed back for the biological treatment of the waste includes heating the waste using the excess heat fed back.

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