An energy harvesting circuit and system based on electric field induction

Abstract

The present application provides an energy-harvesting circuit and system based on electric field induction, wherein the energy-harvesting circuit includes: a first conductor, a second conductor, a step-down circuit, and a load end; the second conductor is arranged between the transmission line and the earth; the first conductor is arranged between the second conductor and the transmission line; the first conductor is electrically connected to the transmission line and the first end of the step-down circuit respectively; the second end of the step-down circuit is electrically connected to the second conductor; the third end of the step-down circuit is electrically connected to the first end of the load end; the fourth end of the step-down circuit is electrically connected to the second end of the load end; the voltage across the load end does not exceed the rated working voltage of the load end. The present application can stably supply power to the equipment independently of the weather, and does not require regular replacement of batteries, thereby reducing maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of circuit technology, and in particular to an energy harvesting circuit and system based on electric field induction. Background Art

[0002] In the existing power distribution network, the combination of photovoltaic and battery is currently mainly used to power the equipment. However, the main defects of this power supply method are: first, it is too dependent on the weather. When it is cloudy for a long time, this power supply method will not be able to stably provide enough energy for the equipment; second, the battery needs to be replaced regularly, which leads to increased maintenance costs. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide an energy harvesting circuit and system based on electric field induction, which can provide stable power supply to the equipment independently of the weather and does not require regular replacement of batteries, thereby reducing maintenance costs.

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an energy harvesting circuit based on electric field induction, the energy harvesting circuit comprising: a first conductor, a second conductor, a step-down circuit, and a load end;

[0005] The second conductor is arranged between the transmission line and the ground;

[0006] The first conductor is disposed between the second conductor and the power transmission line;

[0007] The first conductor is electrically connected to the power transmission line and the first end of the step-down circuit respectively;

[0008] The second end of the step-down circuit is electrically connected to the second conductor;

[0009] The third terminal of the step-down circuit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the load end;

[0010] The fourth terminal of the step-down circuit is electrically connected to the second terminal of the load end;

[0011] The voltage across the load end does not exceed the rated operating voltage of the load end.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the step-down circuit includes: a step-down transformer;

[0013] A first end of the primary side of the step-down transformer is electrically connected to the first conductor;

[0014] The second end of the primary side of the step-down transformer is electrically connected to the second conductor;

[0015] A first end of the secondary side of the step-down transformer is electrically connected to a first end of the load end;

[0016] The second end of the secondary side of the step-down transformer is electrically connected to the second end of the load end.

[0017] In a possible implementation manner, the voltage-reducing circuit further includes: a compensation capacitor;

[0018] The first end of the compensation capacitor is electrically connected to the first end of the primary side of the step-down transformer;

[0019] The second end of the compensation capacitor is electrically connected to the second end of the primary side of the step-down transformer.

[0020] In a possible implementation manner, the energy acquisition circuit further includes: a third conductor, a voltage collection circuit;

[0021] The third conductor is disposed between the transmission line and the second conductor;

[0022] The first end of the voltage acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the second conductor;

[0023] The second end of the voltage collection circuit is electrically connected to the third conductor;

[0024] The voltage acquisition circuit is used to acquire the potential difference between the second conductor and the third conductor.

[0025] In a possible implementation, the voltage acquisition circuit includes: measuring resistance and measuring capacitance;

[0026] The first end of the measuring resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the measuring capacitor;

[0027] The second end of the measuring resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the measuring capacitor;

[0028] The first end of the measuring capacitor is also electrically connected to the second conductor;

[0029] The second end of the measuring capacitor is also electrically connected to the third conductor.

[0030] In a possible implementation manner, the capacitance value of the compensation capacitor satisfies C0=1 / (ω 2 L m )-C i2 , where C0 is the capacitance of the compensation capacitor, ω is the angular frequency of the voltage of the transmission line, and L m is the excitation inductance of the step-down resistor, C i2 is the capacitance value of the inductive capacitance between the first conductor and the second conductor.

[0031] In a possible implementation manner, the first conductor and the second conductor are made of metal.

[0032] In a possible implementation manner, the third conductor is made of metal.

[0033] In a possible implementation manner, the capacitance value of the measuring capacitor is between 1 nF and 5 nF, and the resistance value of the measuring resistor is between 47 kilo-ohms and 10 megohms.

[0034] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an energy harvesting system based on electric field induction, comprising an energy harvesting circuit as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0035] The embodiments of the present application provide an energy harvesting circuit and system based on electric field induction, which can stably supply power to equipment independently of the weather and do not require regular replacement of batteries, thereby reducing maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy harvesting circuit based on electric field induction provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0038] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of another energy harvesting circuit based on electric field induction provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0039] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of another energy harvesting circuit based on electric field induction provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of another energy harvesting circuit based on electric field induction provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0041] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of another energy harvesting circuit based on electric field induction provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0042] Figure 6 Shows Figure 5 Schematic diagram of inductive capacitance in;

[0043] Figure 7 Shows Figure 5 Equivalent circuit diagram of .

[0044] Explanation of the reference numerals: 1-first conductor; 2-second conductor; 3-step-down circuit; 4-load end; 5-transmission line; 6-earth; 7-step-down transformer; 8-compensation capacitor; 9-third conductor; 10-voltage acquisition circuit; 11-measuring resistor; 12-measuring capacitor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the drawings in the present application only serve the purpose of explanation and description and are not used to limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn in real proportion. The flowchart used in this application shows the operations implemented according to some embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operations of the flowchart can be implemented out of sequence, and the steps without logical context can be reversed in order or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art can add one or more other operations to the flowchart under the guidance of the content of the present application, or remove one or more operations from the flowchart.

[0046] In addition, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the application claimed for protection, but merely represents the selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0047] It should be noted that the term "comprising" will be used in the embodiments of the present application to indicate the existence of the features declared thereafter, but does not exclude the addition of other features.

[0048] To facilitate understanding of this embodiment, an energy extraction circuit and system provided in an embodiment of the present application are introduced in detail.

[0049] Reference Figure 1 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of an energy-harvesting circuit based on electric field induction provided in an embodiment of the present application, wherein the energy-harvesting circuit comprises: a first conductor 1, a second conductor 2, a step-down circuit 3, and a load terminal 4;

[0050] The second conductor 2 is arranged between the transmission line 5 and the earth 6;

[0051] The first conductor 1 is arranged between the second conductor 2 and the power transmission line 5;

[0052] The first conductor 1 is electrically connected to the power transmission line 5 and the first end of the step-down circuit 3 respectively;

[0053] The second end of the step-down circuit 3 is electrically connected to the second conductor 2;

[0054] The third terminal of the step-down circuit 3 is electrically connected to the first terminal of the load terminal 4;

[0055] The fourth end of the step-down circuit 3 is electrically connected to the second end of the load end 4;

[0056] The voltage across the load terminal 4 does not exceed the rated operating voltage of the load terminal 4 .

[0057] Preferably, the first conductor and the second conductor may be of a flat plate structure;

[0058] Preferably, when the distance between the second conductor and the ground is more than 10 times the size of the second conductor, the stability of the entire circuit will be higher.

[0059] Reference Figure 2 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of another energy harvesting circuit based on electric field induction provided in an embodiment of the present application. In a possible implementation manner, the step-down circuit includes: a step-down transformer 7;

[0060] A first end of the primary side of the step-down transformer 7 is electrically connected to the first conductor 1;

[0061] The second end of the primary side of the step-down transformer 7 is electrically connected to the second conductor 2;

[0062] A first end of the secondary side of the step-down transformer 7 is electrically connected to a first end of the load end 4;

[0063] The second end of the secondary side of the step-down transformer 7 is electrically connected to the second end of the load end 4 .

[0064] Reference Figure 3 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of another energy-harvesting circuit based on electric field induction provided in an embodiment of the present application, in a possible implementation manner, the step-down circuit further includes: a compensation capacitor 8;

[0065] The first end of the compensation capacitor 8 is electrically connected to the first end of the primary side of the step-down transformer 7;

[0066] The second end of the compensation capacitor 8 is electrically connected to the second end of the primary side of the step-down transformer 7 .

[0067] Reference Figure 4, which is a schematic diagram of the structure of another energy harvesting circuit based on electric field induction provided in an embodiment of the present application. In a possible implementation manner, the energy harvesting circuit further includes: a third conductor 9, a voltage collection circuit 10;

[0068] The third conductor 9 is arranged between the transmission line 5 and the second conductor 2;

[0069] The first end of the voltage acquisition circuit 10 is electrically connected to the second conductor 2;

[0070] The second end of the voltage collection circuit 10 is electrically connected to the third conductor 9;

[0071] The voltage collection circuit 10 is used to collect the potential difference between the second conductor 2 and the third conductor 9 .

[0072] The third and fourth ends of the voltage acquisition circuit 10 can be connected to a voltage sensor device, which is used to draw and display the corresponding voltage (potential difference) waveform according to the potential difference at different times (the waveform of the potential difference between the second conductor 2 and the third conductor 9 can reflect the change of the overvoltage of the transmission line 5, that is, the present application also provides a measurement channel for the overvoltage of the transmission line 5, so that relevant personnel can obtain the operating status of the transmission line 5 in real time, so that protective measures can be taken when necessary).

[0073] Reference Figure 5 As shown, it is a structural schematic diagram of another energy collection circuit based on electric field induction provided in an embodiment of the present application. In a possible implementation manner, the voltage collection circuit includes: a measuring resistor 11, a measuring capacitor 12;

[0074] The first end of the measuring resistor 11 is electrically connected to the first end of the measuring capacitor 12;

[0075] The second end of the measuring resistor 11 is electrically connected to the second end of the measuring capacitor 12;

[0076] The first end of the measuring capacitor 12 is also electrically connected to the second conductor 2;

[0077] The second end of the measuring capacitor 12 is also electrically connected to the third conductor 9 .

[0078] The first end and the second end of the measuring resistor 11 can be connected to a voltage sensor device.

[0079] Reference Figure 6 As shown, Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the inductive capacitor in which Figure 6 C i0 is the inductive capacitance between the transmission line 5 and the third conductor 9, C i1is the inductive capacitance between the second conductor 2 and the third conductor 9, C i2 is the inductive capacitance between the first conductor 1 and the second conductor 2, C i3 is the inductive capacitance between the second conductor 2 and the earth 6 (ie, the capacitance of the second conductor 2 to the earth).

[0080] Reference Figure 7 As shown, Figure 5 The equivalent circuit diagram of Figure 7 C i0 is the inductive capacitance between the transmission line 5 and the third conductor 9, C i1 is the inductive capacitance between the second conductor 2 and the third conductor 9, C i2 is the inductive capacitance between the first conductor 1 and the second conductor 2, C i3 is the inductive capacitance between the second conductor 2 and the earth 6 (i.e., the capacitance of the second conductor 2 to the earth), L m is the excitation inductance of the step-down transformer 7, R m is the excitation resistance of the step-down transformer 7, R L is the equivalent resistance of the load end 4, C0 is the compensation capacitor 8, N is the ratio of the first number of turns to the second number of turns, the first number of turns is the number of turns of the coil between the first end of the primary side of the step-down transformer 7 and the second end of the primary side of the step-down transformer 7, the second number of turns is the number of turns of the coil between the first end of the secondary side of the step-down transformer 7 and the second end of the secondary side of the step-down transformer 7, C g To measure capacitance 12, U S is the phase voltage of transmission line 5.

[0081] Then, the voltage across the load terminal 4 can be determined by the following formula:

[0082]

[0083]

[0084]

[0085] Among them, C i0 is the inductive capacitance (capacitance value) between the transmission line 5 and the third conductor 9, C i1 is the inductive capacitance (capacitance value) between the second conductor 2 and the third conductor 9, C i2 is the inductive capacitance between the first conductor 1 and the second conductor 2 (the capacitance value), C i3 is the inductive capacitance between the second conductor 2 and the earth 6 (the capacitance value, that is, the capacitance value of the second conductor 2 to the earth), L m is the excitation inductance (inductance value) of the step-down transformer 7, R mis the excitation resistance (resistance value) of the step-down transformer 7, R L is the equivalent resistance (resistance value) of the load end 4, C0 is the compensation capacitor 8 (capacitance value), N is the ratio of the first number of turns to the second number of turns, the first number of turns is the number of turns of the coil between the first end of the primary side of the step-down transformer 7 and the second end of the primary side of the step-down transformer 7, the second number of turns is the number of turns of the coil between the first end of the secondary side of the step-down transformer 7 and the second end of the secondary side of the step-down transformer 7, C g To measure the capacitance of capacitor 12, U S is the phase voltage (voltage value) of the transmission line 5.

[0086] In a possible implementation manner, the capacitance value of the compensation capacitor 8 satisfies C0=1 / (ω 2 L m )-C i2 , where C0 is the capacitance value of the compensation capacitor 8, ω is the angular frequency of the voltage of the transmission line 5, and L m is the excitation inductance of the step-down resistor 7, C i2 is the capacitance value of the inductive capacitance between the first conductor 1 and the second conductor 2 .

[0087] The capacitance value of the compensation capacitor 8 satisfies C0=1 / (ω 2 L m )-C i2 , which means that the compensation capacitor 8 and the excitation inductance of the step-down transformer 7 can achieve parallel resonance, thereby reducing the power loss of the step-down transformer 7 and improving the working power that can be provided to the load end 4.

[0088] In a possible implementation manner, the first conductor 1 and the second conductor 2 are made of metal.

[0089] In a possible implementation manner, the third conductor 9 is made of metal.

[0090] In a possible implementation manner, the capacitance value of the measuring capacitor 12 is between 1 nF and 5 nF, and the resistance value of the measuring resistor 11 is between 47 kilo-ohms and 10 megohms.

[0091] Preferably, after experiments, if the first and second ends of the measuring resistor 11 are connected to a voltage sensor device, when the capacitance value of the measuring capacitor 12 is 2nF and the resistance value of the measuring resistor 11 is 47 kiloohms, the voltage (potential difference) waveform drawn by the voltage sensor device according to the potential difference at different times is a standard waveform (the larger the resistance value of the measuring resistor 11, the smaller the sinking rate of the tail of the collected voltage wave, and the flatter the wave head; the larger the capacitance value of the measuring capacitor 12, the smaller the voltage wave amplitude).

[0092] An energy harvesting circuit based on electric field induction provided in an embodiment of the present application can stably supply power to equipment independently of the weather, and does not require regular replacement of batteries, thereby reducing maintenance costs.

[0093] An embodiment of the present application further provides an energy harvesting system based on electric field induction, wherein the energy harvesting system includes an energy harvesting circuit as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0094] An energy harvesting system based on electric field induction provided in an embodiment of the present application can stably supply power to equipment independently of the weather, and does not require regular replacement of batteries, thereby reducing maintenance costs.

[0095] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working process of the system and device described above can refer to the corresponding process in the method embodiment, and will not be repeated in this application. In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, system and method can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the modules is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple modules or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some communication interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0096] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as modules may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0097] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0098] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium that is executable by a processor. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, mobile hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0099] The above are only specific implementations of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy harvesting circuit based on electric field induction, characterized in that: The energy acquisition circuit comprises: a first conductor, a second conductor, a voltage reduction circuit, a load end, a third conductor, and a voltage collection circuit; The second conductor is arranged between the transmission line and the ground; The first conductor is disposed between the second conductor and the power transmission line; The first conductor is electrically connected to the power transmission line and the first end of the step-down circuit respectively; The second end of the step-down circuit is electrically connected to the second conductor; The third terminal of the step-down circuit is electrically connected to the first terminal of the load end; The fourth terminal of the step-down circuit is electrically connected to the second terminal of the load end; The voltage across the load end does not exceed the rated operating voltage of the load end; The third conductor is disposed between the transmission line and the second conductor; The first end of the voltage acquisition circuit is electrically connected to the second conductor; The second end of the voltage collection circuit is electrically connected to the third conductor; The voltage acquisition circuit is used to acquire the potential difference between the second conductor and the third conductor.

2. The energy harvesting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step-down circuit comprises: a step-down transformer; A first end of the primary side of the step-down transformer is electrically connected to the first conductor; The second end of the primary side of the step-down transformer is electrically connected to the second conductor; A first end of the secondary side of the step-down transformer is electrically connected to a first end of the load end; The second end of the secondary side of the step-down transformer is electrically connected to the second end of the load end.

3. The energy harvesting circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step-down circuit further includes: a compensation capacitor; The first end of the compensation capacitor is electrically connected to the first end of the primary side of the step-down transformer; The second end of the compensation capacitor is electrically connected to the second end of the primary side of the step-down transformer.

4. The energy harvesting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage acquisition circuit includes: measuring resistance and measuring capacitance; The first end of the measuring resistor is electrically connected to the first end of the measuring capacitor; The second end of the measuring resistor is electrically connected to the second end of the measuring capacitor; The first end of the measuring capacitor is also electrically connected to the second conductor; The second end of the measuring capacitor is also electrically connected to the third conductor.

5. The energy harvesting circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The capacitance value of the compensation capacitor satisfies ,in, is the capacitance value of the compensation capacitor, is the angular frequency of the voltage of the transmission line, is the magnetizing inductance of the step-down transformer, is the capacitance value of the inductive capacitance between the first conductor and the second conductor.

6. The energy harvesting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first conductor and the second conductor are made of metal.

7. The energy harvesting circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The third conductor is made of metal.

8. The energy harvesting circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The capacitance value of the measuring capacitor is between 1 nF and 5 nF, and the resistance value of the measuring resistor is between 47 kilo-ohms and 10 megohms.

9. An energy harvesting system based on electric field induction, characterized in that: It comprises the energy extraction circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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