Single soliton automatic generation method and system based on power reduction ratio

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and system for automatically generating single solitons based on a power drop ratio. The system tunes the pump laser and automatically determines the state of the light field within a micro-nano resonant cavity based on the power. The system calculates the power standard deviation in real time. As the standard deviation decreases, the micro-nano resonant cavity evolves from a Turing state or chaotic state to a multi-soliton state. The system then differentiates the output power, detects power jumps, and determines the change in the number of solitons based on the power drop ratio of the power jump, thereby determining whether a single soliton has been generated. After a single soliton is generated, the system automatically monitors the presence of the soliton and automatically restores the soliton state after the soliton disappears. The system describes the output power based on multiple perspectives, such as the power drop ratio, differential, and standard deviation, allowing for real-time and dynamic determination of the light field state within the micro-nano resonant cavity. This system exhibits enhanced robustness and anti-interference capabilities, enabling automated generation and recovery of single solitons while reducing manual operations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical frequency combs, and in particular to a method and system for automatically generating single solitons based on a power reduction ratio. Background Art

[0002] An optical frequency comb is an electromagnetic wave composed of spectral lines with equally spaced frequencies. Dissipative Kerr solitons, generated by nonlinear parametric processes in micro- and nanocavities, offer high coherence, high repetition rates, and low noise. They are widely used in optical communications, ultrafast ranging, frequency-modulated continuous-wave lidar, low-phase-noise microwave generation, optical frequency synthesis, dual-comb spectroscopy, and quantum key distribution.

[0003] However, due to the thermal effects of micro-nano resonant cavities, stably achieving a single soliton state and generating a single Kerr soliton optical frequency comb is difficult. To address this issue, numerous methods have been proposed for achieving single soliton states, such as rapid pump laser scanning, reverse tuning, pulsed driving, Brillouin scattering within the cavity, and controlling thermal effects with intensity modulators, heaters, or auxiliary lasers. Among these, controlling thermal effects with auxiliary lasers can significantly reduce pump laser tuning speed, lower power variation speed, and reduce the difficulty of power acquisition and real-time data processing, making it suitable for computer-controlled automated single soliton generation.

[0004] After searching, the Chinese invention patent application with publication number CN111244741A discloses a programmable microcavity single soliton optical frequency comb generation system and generation method, which aims to solve the problem that the generation process of existing microcavity optical frequency combs relies on the experimental ability of professionals and cannot be automatically generated, which is not conducive to the engineering application of microcavity optical frequency combs. The invention generates single solitons based on the scheme of controlling thermal effects with a temperature controller and an auxiliary laser. The program control is achieved through a control unit, and the system is judged to have generated single solitons based on a set power range. However, the power range that needs to be set when applying the system and method is related to factors such as the applied micro-nano resonant cavity, pump laser power, auxiliary laser power, system line loss, etc. If the above factors change, the set power range must also be modified or recalibrated, otherwise it is easy to make mistakes in judgment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for automatically generating single solitons based on a power reduction ratio.

[0006] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for automatically generating a single soliton based on a power reduction ratio is provided, comprising:

[0007] S1, set the wavelength and output power of the pump laser and the auxiliary laser, and adjust the polarization state of the pump laser and the auxiliary laser;

[0008] S2, tune the auxiliary laser and obtain the auxiliary laser resonance peak position;

[0009] S3, tuning the auxiliary laser again to the blue detuning region of the auxiliary laser resonance peak;

[0010] S4, record the pump laser transmission power after fiber Bragg grating filtering at this time as the background noise power P noise ;

[0011] S5: Tune the pump laser into the resonance peak and collect the pump laser transmission power after filtering by the fiber Bragg grating. Calculate the standard deviation of the collected power data in real time. When the standard deviation decreases, it is considered that the micro-nano resonant cavity has evolved from the Turing state and chaotic state to the multi-soliton state.

[0012] S6, continue to tune the pump laser, collect the pump laser transmission power after the fiber Bragg grating filter; perform differential processing on the collected power data to detect the power jump; calculate the power drop ratio of the power jump: r = (P before -P after ) / (P before -P noise ), where P before Indicates the power data before power jump, P after represents the power data after the power jump, and r reflects the proportion of soliton energy disappearing during the power jump. The change in the number of solitons during the power jump is judged based on r. If a single soliton is present after the jump, the micro-nano resonant cavity reaches the single soliton state, and the pump laser is tuned off.

[0013] S7 monitors the existence of solitons, collects the pump laser transmission power after fiber Bragg grating filtering, and detects power jumps. If a power jump occurs, it is considered that the single soliton disappears. After the single soliton disappears, S5 and S6 are re-run to automatically restore the single soliton state.

[0014] Optionally, in S2, tuning the auxiliary laser to obtain the auxiliary laser resonance peak position includes:

[0015] Keeping the pump laser wavelength unchanged, the auxiliary laser is continuously tuned in the direction of increasing wavelength; the power output of the auxiliary laser after passing through the micro-nano resonant cavity is collected; the collected power data is differentially processed, and the auxiliary laser wavelength tuning amount at the maximum differential value is recorded, which is the auxiliary laser resonance peak position.

[0016] Optionally, the frequency of the auxiliary laser is continuously tuned in the direction of increasing the wavelength to 30 GHz.

[0017] Optionally, in S3, tuning the auxiliary laser again to the auxiliary laser resonance peak blue detuning region includes:

[0018] The auxiliary laser is tuned again and stopped before the difference value of the auxiliary laser wavelength tuning amount is maximum, that is, the auxiliary laser is tuned to the auxiliary laser resonance peak blue detuning region.

[0019] Optionally, in S5 and S6, tuning the pump laser includes:

[0020] The wavelength of the auxiliary laser is kept constant, and the pump laser is continuously tuned in the direction of increasing wavelength.

[0021] Optionally, an optical power meter is used to collect the transmitted power.

[0022] According to another aspect of the present invention, a single soliton automatic generation system based on power reduction ratio is provided, comprising: a first tunable laser component for generating pump laser, a second tunable laser component for generating auxiliary laser, a micro-nano resonant cavity, a fiber Bragg grating, an optical power meter, and a computer; wherein:

[0023] The pump laser and the auxiliary laser are coupled into the micro-nano resonant cavity in opposite directions, wherein the pump laser is used to generate a single soliton, and the auxiliary laser is used to control the thermal effect;

[0024] The fiber Bragg grating is used to filter the pump laser and the reflected auxiliary laser in the power output of the pump laser after passing through the micro-nano resonant cavity;

[0025] The optical power meter is used to collect the power of the pump laser transmitted and output after passing through the micro-nano resonant cavity, the power of the auxiliary laser transmitted and output after passing through the micro-nano resonant cavity, and the transmission power of the pump laser after the fiber Bragg grating is filtered;

[0026] The computer is configured to control the first tunable laser component, the second tunable laser component, and the optical power meter, and to process the power data obtained by the optical power meter to determine the state of the micro-nano resonant cavity, thereby automatically restoring the single soliton state of the micro-nano resonant cavity. The method of processing the power data obtained by the optical power meter to determine the state of the micro-nano resonant cavity to automatically restore the single soliton state of the micro-nano resonant cavity comprises:

[0027] Tune the auxiliary laser to the blue detuning region of the auxiliary laser resonance peak, and record the pump laser transmission power after the fiber Bragg grating filter at this time as the background noise power P noise ;

[0028] Tune the pump laser into the resonance peak and collect the pump laser transmission power after filtering by the fiber Bragg grating. Calculate the standard deviation of the collected power data in real time. When the standard deviation decreases, it is considered that the micro-nano resonant cavity has evolved from the Turing state and chaotic state to the multi-soliton state.

[0029] Continue to tune the pump laser and collect the pump laser transmission power after filtering by the fiber Bragg grating; perform differential processing on the collected power data to detect power jumps; calculate the power drop ratio of the power jump: r = (P before -P after ) / (P before -P noise ), where P before Indicates the power data before power jump, P after represents the power data after the power jump, and r reflects the proportion of soliton energy disappearing during the power jump. The change in the number of solitons during the power jump is judged based on r. If a single soliton is present after the jump, the micro-nano resonant cavity reaches the single soliton state, and the pump laser is tuned off.

[0030] Monitor the existence of solitons, collect the pump laser transmission power after fiber Bragg grating filtering, and detect power jumps. If a power jump occurs, it is considered that the single soliton has disappeared. After the single soliton disappears, the step of tuning the pump laser is re-run to automatically restore the single soliton state.

[0031] Optionally, the first tunable laser assembly includes: a first tunable laser, a first optical amplifier and a first fiber polarization controller. The first tunable laser is amplified by the first optical amplifier, and the polarization state is adjusted by the first fiber polarization controller to generate pump laser.

[0032] Optionally, the second tunable laser assembly includes: a second tunable laser, a second optical amplifier and a second fiber polarization controller. The second tunable laser is amplified by the second optical amplifier, and the polarization state is adjusted by the second fiber polarization controller to generate auxiliary laser.

[0033] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0034] The present invention provides a method and system for automatically generating single solitons based on a power reduction ratio. By describing the dynamic change characteristics of the output power, the system can dynamically determine the state of the light field in a micro-nano resonant cavity in real time, thereby improving the accuracy of the program in determining the generation of single solitons in the system, enhancing the robustness of the system, and promoting the industrial application of single-soliton optical frequency combs in micro-nano resonant cavities.

[0035] The present invention provides a method and system for automatically generating single solitons based on a power drop ratio. This method uses the power drop ratio of a power jump to infer the number of solitons in a micro-nano resonant cavity. Besides considering the static power value, it also exploits the dynamic power variations of the light field state and soliton number within the micro-nano resonant cavity. This method, used to determine whether a system has reached a single soliton state, offers greater robustness and anti-interference capabilities than simply setting power ranges.

[0036] The present invention provides a method and system for automatically generating single solitons based on a power reduction ratio. Based on the power standard deviation, the system determines whether the light field in a micro-nano resonant cavity is in a Turing state or a chaotic state. This system can accurately skip the Turing state and the chaotic state before running the program for determining the number of solitons, thereby avoiding interference with the detection of power jumps caused by large power jitter in the Turing state and the chaotic state.

[0037] The present invention provides a method and system for automatically generating single solitons based on a power reduction ratio. After a single soliton is generated, the system can automatically monitor the existence of the soliton through a program and automatically recover after the soliton disappears, thereby further simplifying manual operations.

[0038] The single soliton automatic generation method and system based on the power reduction ratio provided by the present invention are very flexible to implement, and power monitoring, signal processing and feedback control can be seamlessly cascaded. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 Flowchart of a method for automatically generating single solitons based on a power reduction ratio in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a single soliton automatic generation system based on power reduction ratio in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure: 1 is the first tunable laser, 2 is the second tunable laser, 3 is the first optical amplifier, 4 is the second optical amplifier, 5 is the first optical fiber polarization controller, 6 is the second optical fiber polarization controller, 7 is the first circulator, 8 is the second circulator, 9 is the micro-nano resonant cavity, 10 is the first optical beam splitter, 11 is the fiber Bragg grating, 12 is the second optical beam splitter, 13 is the spectrometer, 14 is the optical power meter, and 15 is the computer.

[0042] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a single soliton optical frequency comb spectrum and a fitting curve generated by applying a specific application example of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary laser transmission power collected by the optical power meter and the differential result of the power data when tuning the auxiliary laser in a specific application example of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the pump laser transmission power collected by an optical power meter after fiber Bragg grating filtering when tuning the pump laser in a specific application example of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. These all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 1 This is a workflow diagram for a method for automated single soliton generation based on power reduction ratios, according to one embodiment of the present invention. This method dynamically determines the state of the optical field within a micro-nano resonant cavity in real time by describing the dynamic characteristics of the output power. This improves the accuracy of the program in identifying single solitons in the system, enhances system robustness, and promotes the industrial application of single-soliton optical frequency combs in micro-nano resonant cavities.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the method for automatically generating a single soliton based on a power reduction ratio provided in this embodiment may include the following steps:

[0048] S100, setting the wavelength and output power of the pump laser and the auxiliary laser, and adjusting the polarization state of the pump laser and the auxiliary laser;

[0049] S200, tuning the auxiliary laser and obtaining the auxiliary laser resonance peak position;

[0050] S300, tuning the auxiliary laser again to the blue detuning region of the auxiliary laser resonance peak;

[0051] S400, record the pump laser transmission power after fiber Bragg grating filtering as the background noise power P noise ;

[0052] S500: Tune the pump laser into the resonance peak and collect the pump laser transmission power after filtering by the fiber Bragg grating. Calculate the standard deviation of the collected power data in real time. When the standard deviation decreases, it is considered that the micro-nano resonant cavity has evolved from the Turing state and chaotic state to the multi-soliton state.

[0053] S600, continue to tune the pump laser, collect the pump laser transmission power after filtering by the fiber Bragg grating; perform differential processing on the collected power data to detect power jumps; calculate the power drop ratio of the power jump: r = (P before -P after ) / (P before -P noise ), where Pbefore Indicates the power data before power jump, P after represents the power data after the power jump, and r reflects the proportion of soliton energy disappearing during the power jump (r is close to the proportion of soliton number disappearing during the power jump). The change in the number of solitons during the power jump is judged based on r. If a single soliton is found after the jump, the micro-nano resonator reaches the single soliton state, and the pump laser tuning is stopped.

[0054] S700 monitors the existence of solitons, collects the pump laser transmission power after fiber Bragg grating filtering, and detects power jumps. If a power jump occurs, it is considered that the single soliton has disappeared. After the single soliton disappears, S500 and S600 are re-run to automatically restore the single soliton state.

[0055] In S200 of this embodiment, tuning the auxiliary laser and obtaining the auxiliary laser resonance peak position may include the following steps:

[0056] Keeping the pump laser wavelength unchanged, the auxiliary laser is continuously tuned in the direction of increasing wavelength; the power output of the auxiliary laser after passing through the micro-nano resonant cavity is collected; the collected power data is differentially processed, and the auxiliary laser wavelength tuning amount at the maximum differential value is recorded, which is the auxiliary laser resonance peak position.

[0057] Furthermore, in a specific application example of this embodiment S200, the auxiliary laser frequency is continuously tuned in the direction of increasing the wavelength to 30 GHz.

[0058] In S300 of this embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, tuning the auxiliary laser to the auxiliary laser resonance peak blue detuning region again may include the following steps:

[0059] The auxiliary laser is tuned again and stopped before the difference value of the auxiliary laser wavelength tuning amount is maximum, that is, the auxiliary laser is tuned to the blue detuning region of the auxiliary laser resonance peak.

[0060] In S500 and S600 of this embodiment, as a preferred embodiment, tuning the pump laser may include the following steps:

[0061] The wavelength of the auxiliary laser is kept constant, and the pump laser is continuously tuned in the direction of increasing wavelength.

[0062] In a specific application example of this embodiment, an optical power meter may be used to collect the transmitted power.

[0063] The method provided by the above embodiment of the present invention calculates the power reduction ratio r of the power jump = (P before -P after ) / (P before -P noiser reflects the proportion of soliton energy that disappears during a power jump, which is close to the proportion of soliton number that disappears during a power jump. Based on r, the change in the number of solitons during a power jump can be determined, thereby determining whether the micro-nano resonant cavity has reached a single soliton state. The standard deviation of the collected power data is calculated in real time. When the standard deviation decreases, the micro-nano resonant cavity is considered to have evolved from a Turing state or chaotic state to a multi-soliton state. To monitor the presence of solitons, an optical power meter is used to collect the transmitted power of the pump laser after filtering by the fiber Bragg grating and detect power jumps. If a power jump occurs, the single soliton is considered to have disappeared, and the single soliton state is automatically restored after the soliton disappears.

[0064] The method provided by the above-described embodiment of the present invention fully considers the regularity of the dynamic variation of output power during the physical process from the initiation to the generation of a single soliton. The dynamic variation characteristics of power are highly correlated with the physical process of the optical field state changes within a common micro-nano resonant cavity. Changes in factors such as the applied micro-nano resonant cavity, pump laser power, auxiliary laser power, and system line loss do not significantly alter the dynamic variation characteristics of power. Therefore, by describing the dynamic variation characteristics of output power as the optical field state and the number of solitons within the micro-nano resonant cavity change, the optical field state within the micro-nano resonant cavity can be dynamically determined in real time, improving the accuracy of the program in identifying the generation of single solitons in the system and enhancing the system's robustness and anti-interference capabilities.

[0065] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a single soliton automatic generation system based on power reduction ratio provided by one embodiment of the present invention.

[0066] like Figure 2 As shown, the single soliton automatic generation system based on power reduction ratio provided by this embodiment may include: a first tunable laser component for generating pump laser, a second tunable laser component for generating auxiliary laser, a micro-nano resonant cavity, a fiber Bragg grating, an optical power meter, and a computer; wherein:

[0067] The pump laser and the auxiliary laser are coupled into the micro-nano resonant cavity in opposite directions, wherein the pump laser is used to generate single solitons and the auxiliary laser is used to control the thermal effect;

[0068] Fiber Bragg grating, used to filter the pump laser and reflected auxiliary laser in the power output after the pump laser passes through the micro-nano resonant cavity;

[0069] Optical power meter, used to collect the power of the pump laser transmitted and output after passing through the micro-nano resonant cavity, the power of the auxiliary laser transmitted and output after passing through the micro-nano resonant cavity, and the transmission power of the pump laser after fiber Bragg grating filtering;

[0070] The computer is used to control the first tunable laser component, the second tunable laser component, and the optical power meter, and to determine the state of the micro-nano resonant cavity after performing data processing on the power data obtained by the optical power meter, thereby automatically restoring the single soliton state of the micro-nano resonant cavity; wherein, the computer is used to control the first tunable laser component, the second tunable laser component, and the optical power meter, and to determine the state of the micro-nano resonant cavity after performing data processing on the power data obtained by the optical power meter, thereby automatically restoring the single soliton state of the micro-nano resonant cavity, including:

[0071] Tune the auxiliary laser to the blue detuning region of the auxiliary laser resonance peak, and record the pump laser transmission power after the fiber Bragg grating filter at this time as the background noise power P noise ;

[0072] Tune the pump laser into the resonance peak and collect the pump laser transmission power after filtering by the fiber Bragg grating. Calculate the standard deviation of the collected power data in real time. When the standard deviation decreases, it is considered that the micro-nano resonant cavity has evolved from the Turing state and chaotic state to the multi-soliton state.

[0073] Continue to tune the pump laser and collect the pump laser transmission power after filtering by the fiber Bragg grating; perform differential processing on the collected power data to detect power jumps; calculate the power drop ratio of the power jump: r = (P before -P after ) / (P before -P noise ), where P before Indicates the power data before power jump, P after represents the power data after the power jump, and r reflects the proportion of soliton energy disappearing during the power jump. The change in the number of solitons during the power jump is judged based on r. If a single soliton is present after the jump, the micro-nano resonant cavity reaches the single soliton state, and the pump laser is tuned off.

[0074] Monitor the existence of solitons, collect the pump laser transmission power after fiber Bragg grating filtering, and detect power jumps. If a power jump occurs, it is considered that the single soliton has disappeared. After the single soliton disappears, the step of tuning the pump laser is re-run to automatically restore the single soliton state.

[0075] In a specific application example of this embodiment, the first tunable laser assembly includes: a first tunable laser, a first optical amplifier and a first fiber polarization controller. The first tunable laser is amplified by the first optical amplifier, and the polarization state is adjusted by the first fiber polarization controller to generate a pump laser.

[0076] In a specific application example of this embodiment, the second tunable laser assembly includes: a second tunable laser, a second optical amplifier and a second fiber polarization controller. The second tunable laser is amplified by the second optical amplifier, and the polarization state is adjusted by the second fiber polarization controller to generate auxiliary laser.

[0077] The technical solution of the method and system for automatically generating single solitons based on a power reduction ratio provided by the above embodiment of the present invention will be further described below with reference to a specific application example.

[0078] In this specific application example, the Figure 2 The single soliton automatic generation system based on power reduction ratio shown in the figure realizes a single soliton automatic generation method based on power reduction ratio, and further realizes a micro-nano resonant cavity single soliton automatic generation technology by controlling the thermal effect through auxiliary laser. The single soliton optical frequency comb spectrum and fitting curve diagram generated by this specific application example are shown in the figure below. Figure 3 shown.

[0079] In this specific application example, the system includes a first tunable laser as a pump laser, a second tunable laser as an auxiliary laser, first and second optical amplifiers, first and second fiber polarization controllers, first and second circulators, a micro-nano resonant cavity, first and second optical beam splitters, a fiber Bragg grating, a spectrometer, an optical power meter, and a computer. Among them:

[0080] The pump laser is amplified by a first optical amplifier, and its polarization state is adjusted by a first fiber polarization controller. The auxiliary laser is amplified by a second optical amplifier, and its polarization state is adjusted by a second fiber polarization controller. The two laser beams are coupled into the micro-nano resonant cavity in opposite directions. The pump laser is used to generate single solitons, and the auxiliary laser is used to control thermal effects. A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) filters the pump laser and reflected auxiliary laser from the power output of the pump laser after passing through the micro-nano resonant cavity. An optical power meter measures the power output of the pump laser after passing through the micro-nano resonant cavity, the power output of the auxiliary laser after passing through the micro-nano resonant cavity, and the power of the pump laser after filtering by the fiber Bragg grating. A computer controls the pump laser, auxiliary laser, and optical power meter through a program, processes data, and determines the system status.

[0081] Based on the above system, the method implemented in this specific application example includes the following steps:

[0082] In the first step, the pump laser wavelength was set to 1552.3 nm and the auxiliary laser wavelength to 1557.1 nm. The pump laser was amplified by the first optical amplifier, with the amplifier output power set to 30.5 dBm. The auxiliary laser was amplified by the second optical amplifier, with the amplifier output power set to 32.5 dBm. The first fiber polarization controller was used to adjust the polarization state of the pump laser to maximize the output power of the pump laser after passing through the micro-nano resonator. The second fiber polarization controller was used to adjust the polarization state of the auxiliary laser to minimize the output power of the auxiliary laser after passing through the micro-nano resonator.

[0083] The second step is to keep the pump laser wavelength unchanged and continuously tune the auxiliary laser in the direction of increasing wavelength over a large range, tuning 30GHz at a speed of 4GHz / s. Use an optical power meter to collect the power output of the auxiliary laser after passing through the micro-nano resonant cavity. Perform differential processing on the collected power data and record the auxiliary laser wavelength tuning amount at the maximum differential value. When tuning the auxiliary laser, the auxiliary laser transmission power collected by the optical power meter and the differential result of the power data are shown in the figure below. Figure 4 shown.

[0084] In the third step, the auxiliary laser is tuned again and stopped at 9.5 GHz before the maximum differential value recorded in the second step.

[0085] The fourth step is to use an optical power meter to record the pump laser transmission power after the fiber Bragg grating is filtered as the background noise power P noise .

[0086] The fifth step is to maintain the auxiliary laser wavelength constant while continuously tuning the pump laser toward an increasing wavelength. An optical power meter is used to measure the transmitted power of the pump laser after filtering by the fiber Bragg grating. The standard deviation of the collected power data is calculated in real time. When the standard deviation decreases, the micro-nano resonant cavity is considered to have evolved from a Turing state or chaotic state to a multi-soliton state, and the sixth step is then initiated.

[0087] The sixth step is to continuously tune the pump laser in the direction of increasing wavelength, and use an optical power meter to collect the pump laser transmission power after fiber Bragg grating filtering. Perform differential processing on the collected power data to detect power jumps. Calculate the power drop ratio r = (P before -P after ) / (P before -P noise ), r reflects the proportion of soliton energy disappearing during the power jump, which is close to the proportion of soliton number disappearing during the power jump. If r is greater than or equal to 40%, it is considered that the micro-nano resonator has reached a single soliton state and the pump laser tuning is stopped. When tuning the pump laser, the optical power meter collects the pump laser transmission power after fiber Bragg grating filtering as shown in the figure below. Figure 5 shown.

[0088] The seventh step is to monitor the existence of solitons. The optical power meter is used to collect the transmission power of the pump laser after filtering by the fiber Bragg grating and detect the power jump. If the power drop ratio r of the power jump is greater than 75%, it is considered that the single soliton has disappeared. After the soliton disappears, the fifth and sixth steps are re-run to automatically restore the single soliton state.

[0089] The above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention provide a method and system for automatically generating single solitons based on a power drop ratio, including: tuning a pump laser to automatically determine the state of the optical field within a micro-nano resonant cavity based on the power. Specifically, the power standard deviation is calculated in real time. When the standard deviation decreases, the micro-nano resonant cavity evolves from a Turing state or a chaotic state to a multi-soliton state; differentiating the output power, detecting power jumps, and determining the change in the number of solitons based on the power drop ratio of the power jump to determine whether a single soliton has been generated; after a single soliton is generated, the presence of the soliton is automatically monitored, and the single soliton state is automatically restored after the soliton disappears. The method and system provided by the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention describe the output power based on multiple angles such as the power drop ratio, the difference, and the standard deviation, and dynamically determine the state of the optical field within the micro-nano resonant cavity in real time. They have higher robustness and anti-interference capabilities, achieve automated single soliton generation and recovery, and reduce manual operations.

[0090] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art may make various variations or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essence of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for automatically generating single solitons based on power reduction ratio, characterized in that: include: S1, set the wavelength and output power of the pump laser and the auxiliary laser, and adjust the polarization state of the pump laser and the auxiliary laser; S2, tune the auxiliary laser and obtain the auxiliary laser resonance peak position; S3, tuning the auxiliary laser again to the blue detuning region of the auxiliary laser resonance peak; S4, record the pump laser transmission power after fiber Bragg grating filtering at this time as the background noise power P noise ; S5: Tune the pump laser into the resonance peak and collect the pump laser transmission power after filtering by the fiber Bragg grating. Calculate the standard deviation of the collected power data in real time. When the standard deviation decreases, it is considered that the micro-nano resonant cavity has evolved from the Turing state and chaotic state to the multi-soliton state. S6, continue to tune the pump laser, collect the pump laser transmission power after the fiber Bragg grating filter; perform differential processing on the collected power data to detect the power jump; calculate the power drop ratio of the power jump: r = (P before -P after ) / (P before -P noise ), where P before Indicates the power data before power jump, P after represents the power data after the power jump, and r reflects the proportion of soliton energy disappearing during the power jump. The change in the number of solitons during the power jump is judged based on r. If a single soliton is present after the jump, the micro-nano resonant cavity reaches the single soliton state, and the pump laser is tuned off. S7 monitors the existence of solitons, collects the pump laser transmission power after fiber Bragg grating filtering, and detects power jumps. If a power jump occurs, it is considered that the single soliton disappears. After the single soliton disappears, S5 and S6 are re-run to automatically restore the single soliton state.

2. The method for automatically generating single solitons based on power reduction ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, tuning the auxiliary laser to obtain the auxiliary laser resonance peak position includes: Keeping the pump laser wavelength unchanged, the auxiliary laser is continuously tuned in the direction of increasing wavelength; the power output of the auxiliary laser after passing through the micro-nano resonant cavity is collected; the collected power data is differentially processed, and the auxiliary laser wavelength tuning amount at the maximum differential value is recorded, which is the auxiliary laser resonance peak position.

3. The method for automatically generating single solitons based on power reduction ratio according to claim 2, characterized in that: The frequency of the auxiliary laser is continuously tuned in the direction of increasing the wavelength to 30 GHz.

4. The method for automatically generating single solitons based on power reduction ratio according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S3, tuning the auxiliary laser again to the auxiliary laser resonance peak blue detuning region includes: The auxiliary laser is tuned again and stopped before the difference value of the auxiliary laser wavelength tuning amount is maximum, that is, the auxiliary laser is tuned to the auxiliary laser resonance peak blue detuning region.

5. The method for automatically generating single solitons based on power reduction ratio according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5 and S6, tuning the pump laser comprises: The wavelength of the auxiliary laser is kept constant, and the pump laser is continuously tuned in the direction of increasing wavelength.

6. The method for automatically generating single solitons based on power reduction ratio according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: An optical power meter was used to collect the transmitted power.

7. A single soliton automatic generation system based on power reduction ratio, characterized in that: include: A first tunable laser component for generating pump laser, a second tunable laser component for generating auxiliary laser, a micro-nano resonant cavity, a fiber Bragg grating, an optical power meter, and a computer; wherein: The pump laser and the auxiliary laser are coupled into the micro-nano resonant cavity in opposite directions, wherein the pump laser is used to generate a single soliton, and the auxiliary laser is used to control the thermal effect; The fiber Bragg grating is used to filter the pump laser and the reflected auxiliary laser in the power output of the pump laser after passing through the micro-nano resonant cavity; The optical power meter is used to collect the power of the pump laser transmitted and output after passing through the micro-nano resonant cavity, the power of the auxiliary laser transmitted and output after passing through the micro-nano resonant cavity, and the transmission power of the pump laser after the fiber Bragg grating is filtered; The computer is configured to control the first tunable laser component, the second tunable laser component, and the optical power meter, and to process the power data obtained by the optical power meter to determine the state of the micro-nano resonant cavity, thereby automatically restoring the single soliton state of the micro-nano resonant cavity. The method of processing the power data obtained by the optical power meter to determine the state of the micro-nano resonant cavity to automatically restore the single soliton state of the micro-nano resonant cavity comprises: Tune the auxiliary laser to obtain the auxiliary laser resonance peak position, tune the auxiliary laser again to the auxiliary laser resonance peak blue detuning region, and record the pump laser transmission power after fiber Bragg grating filtering at this time as the background noise power P noise ; Tune the pump laser into the resonance peak and collect the pump laser transmission power after filtering by the fiber Bragg grating. Calculate the standard deviation of the collected power data in real time. When the standard deviation decreases, it is considered that the micro-nano resonant cavity has evolved from the Turing state and chaotic state to the multi-soliton state. Continue to tune the pump laser and collect the pump laser transmission power after filtering by the fiber Bragg grating; perform differential processing on the collected power data to detect power jumps; calculate the power drop ratio of the power jump: r = (P before -P after ) / (P before -P noise ), where P before Indicates the power data before power jump, P after represents the power data after the power jump, and r reflects the proportion of soliton energy disappearing during the power jump. The change in the number of solitons during the power jump is judged based on r. If a single soliton is present after the jump, the micro-nano resonant cavity reaches the single soliton state, and the pump laser is tuned off. Monitor the existence of solitons, collect the pump laser transmission power after fiber Bragg grating filtering, and detect power jumps. If a power jump occurs, it is considered that the single soliton has disappeared. After the single soliton disappears, the step of tuning the pump laser is re-run to automatically restore the single soliton state.

8. The single soliton automatic generation system based on power reduction ratio according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first tunable laser assembly includes: a first tunable laser, a first optical amplifier and a first fiber polarization controller. The first tunable laser is amplified by the first optical amplifier, and the polarization state is adjusted by the first fiber polarization controller to generate a pump laser.

9. The single soliton automatic generation system based on power reduction ratio according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second tunable laser assembly includes: a second tunable laser, a second optical amplifier and a second fiber polarization controller. The second tunable laser is amplified by the second optical amplifier and the polarization state is adjusted by the second fiber polarization controller to generate auxiliary laser.

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