An apparatus and method for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole

Abstract

The present invention relates to the detection of a certain valve seat (a hole with a taper), and belongs to the field of quality inspection in the machinery manufacturing industry, and is specifically a device and method for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole. The present invention solves the technical problem that the uniform angle of a tapered hole cannot be directly measured on a three-coordinate measuring machine due to the special material of the product, which is easy to fall off. The measuring method is to install the processed valve seat in the tapered hole of the valve seat gauge body, and ensure that the positioning groove is stuck on the positioning pin on the bottom surface of the tapered hole, and check that the 5 φ5.5+0.075 0 tapered holes of the valve seat should be aligned one by one with the 5 measuring holes of the gauge body, and no misalignment or deflection is allowed; then insert a cylindrical pin into the tapered hole and the measuring hole, and it should be easy to enter and be inserted to the bottom, that is, try to ensure that the two holes are completely aligned; press the upper end surface of the valve seat by hand, it should be stable and reliable, and no shaking can be felt, then the centering angle of the positioning groove of the valve seat and the uniform angle of the tapered hole are qualified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the detection of a certain gas distribution valve seat (tapered hole), belonging to the field of quality inspection in the machinery manufacturing industry, and specifically to a device and method for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole. Background Art

[0002] A gas distribution valve seat (tapered hole) used on a certain product is shown in the appendix Figure 1 、 2 .

[0003] Technical requirements: The material of the gas distribution valve seat is silver-impregnated graphite M209G Q / KJS001-93, and there shall be no defects such as pores, cracks, and bruises on each surface; the inner tapered surface is 60°±1', and the fitting surface of the tapered surface shall reach 80% - 90%; the outer tapered surface is 20°±2', and the fitting surface of the tapered surface is not less than 85%.

[0004] Normally, during the processing of the gas distribution valve seat, 5 tapered holes are ground to φ5.5 +0.075 0 and then the hole diameter is detected with a plug gauge 5.5H11, and the width of the groove is detected with a plug gauge 1.56H9 Q / SP541-85 after grooving; after the subsequent processing of the inner and outer tapered surfaces, the position of the groove and the position accuracy of the 5 holes may change.

[0005] The centering angle of the positioning groove 1.5 of the gas distribution valve seat +0.085 +0.060 is 36°±30' and the uniform distribution angle of the 5-φ5.5 +0.075 0 tapered holes is 72°±30', which are spatial angles and are difficult to measure. Generally, they are detected on a coordinate measuring machine; since the 5 holes are tapered holes, a special gauge rod needs to be configured during detection, and the material of the gas distribution valve seat is special and prone to chipping, so it cannot be directly measured and detected.

[0006] Currently, only table comparison detection is carried out on its processing equipment, a coordinate boring machine, as shown in the appendix Figure 3 . The detection method is as follows:

[0007] a. Align the gas distribution valve seat through the tapered surface;

[0008] b. Insert a gauge block into the groove to find the center of the groove and set it as point 0;

[0009] c. Rotate the workbench by 55°;

[0010] d. Align the center of the hole in sequence and read the corresponding angles at each position (①-②-③-④-⑤); at the same time, pull the generatrix of the hole and observe the inclination of the hole.

[0011] Due to the different accuracies of the processing equipment and the metrology and detection equipment, the data obtained by this detection method is only for reference and cannot be officially used as the official detection result. Summary of the Invention

[0012] In order to solve the technical problem that at present, due to the special product material, it is easy to have chunks falling off and the evenly distributed angle of the tapered hole cannot be directly measured on a coordinate measuring machine, the present invention provides a brand-new device and method for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole.

[0013] The present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: A device for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole includes an air distribution valve seat gauge body and a cylindrical pin; a through hole coaxial with its axis is opened in the center of the air distribution valve seat gauge body, and the through hole includes a tapered hole with an outward flared shape near the top of the air distribution valve seat gauge body, a straight hole in the middle and lower part of the air distribution valve seat gauge body, and a relief groove connecting the tapered hole and the straight hole; the inner diameter of the bottom of the tapered hole is larger than the inner diameter of the straight hole, and the inner diameter of the relief groove is larger than the inner diameter of the bottom of the tapered hole; the taper angle of the tapered hole matches the outer taper angle of the air distribution valve seat to be measured; a pin hole parallel to the axis of the air distribution valve seat gauge body is opened on the top end face of the straight hole for limiting the positioning groove of the air distribution valve seat and is equipped with a pin; five equally spaced measurement holes are opened on the outer wall of the air distribution valve seat gauge body and are distributed around the axis, and the measurement holes extend from the outer wall of the air distribution valve seat gauge body into the tapered hole, and the cylindrical pin can extend into the measurement holes; the angle formed by the measurement holes and the axis of the air distribution valve seat gauge body is the same as the angle formed by the five tapered holes of the air distribution valve seat to be measured and the axis of the air distribution valve seat, and the inner diameters of the measurement holes and the five tapered holes of the air distribution valve seat are the same.

[0014] The method for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole according to the present invention is implemented by adopting the following technical solutions: Install the machined air distribution valve seat in the tapered hole of the air distribution valve seat gauge body, and ensure that the positioning groove is stuck on the positioning pin at the bottom surface of the tapered hole, and check the 5 φ5.5 +0.075 0 tapered holes of the air distribution valve seat should be aligned with the 5 measurement holes of the gauge body one by one, and no misalignment or skew is allowed; then insert the cylindrical pin into the tapered hole and the measurement hole, and it should be able to go in easily and reach the bottom, that is, try to ensure that the two holes are completely aligned; press the upper end face of the air distribution valve seat by hand, it should be stable and reliable, and no shaking can be felt, then the centering angle of the positioning groove of the air distribution valve seat and the evenly distributed angle of the tapered hole are qualified.

[0015] Compared with the existing spatial angle measurement methods, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) Provide a brand-new method for measuring spatial angles and design a special gauge for indirect measurement.

[0017] (2) Expand the measurement idea and realize the comprehensive measurement of the spatial angle of the tapered hole of products with special materials and easy to have chunks falling off. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 Front view structural schematic diagram of the air distribution valve seat.

[0019] Figure 2 is Figure 1 side view of

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram during the detection of the gas distribution valve seat in the traditional method.

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body.

[0022] Figure 5 is Figure 4 One of the partial enlarged schematic diagrams of A in

[0023] Figure 6 is Figure 4 Another partial enlarged schematic diagram of A in

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the cylindrical pin.

[0025] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the gauge detecting the gas distribution valve seat.

[0026] 1 - Gas distribution valve seat gauge body, 2 - Cylindrical pin, 3 - Pin, 4 - Gas distribution valve seat, 5 - Positioning groove, 6 - Tapered hole, 7 - Measuring hole. Specific implementation mode

[0027] Example 1

[0028] A device for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole, comprising a gas distribution valve seat gauge body 1 and a cylindrical pin 2; a through hole coaxial with its axis is opened in the center of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body 1, and the through hole includes a tapered hole with an outward flared shape near the top of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body, a straight hole in the middle and lower part of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body 1, and a relief groove connecting the tapered hole and the straight hole; the inner diameter of the bottom of the tapered hole is larger than the inner diameter of the straight hole, and the inner diameter of the relief groove is larger than the inner diameter of the bottom of the tapered hole; the taper angle of the tapered hole is matched with the outer taper angle of the gas distribution valve seat 4 to be measured; a pin hole parallel to the axis of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body 1 for limiting the positioning groove 5 of the gas distribution valve seat is opened on the top end face of the straight hole and is equipped with a pin 3; five measuring holes 7 are evenly distributed around the axis on the outer wall of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body 1, and the measuring holes 7 extend from the outer wall of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body 1 into the tapered hole, and the cylindrical pin 2 can extend into the measuring holes 7; the angle formed by the measuring holes 7 and the axis of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body 1 is the same as the angle formed by the five tapered holes 6 of the gas distribution valve seat 4 to be measured and the axis of the gas distribution valve seat 4, and the inner diameters of the measuring holes 7 and the five tapered holes 6 of the gas distribution valve seat 4 are the same.

[0029] Example 2

[0030] The height of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body 1 is 50 mm, and the outer diameter is 80 mm; the taper angle of the tapered hole is 20 ± 1°, and the maximum inner diameter of the tapered hole is 45+0.016 0 mm; the inner diameter of the straight hole is 33 -0.03 0 mm, the inner diameter of the relief groove is 41 mm; the height of the tapered hole is 17.5 mm, and the height of the relief groove is 2 mm; the inner diameter of the measuring hole 7 is 5.5 +0.075 0 mm, and the included angle between the axis of the measuring hole 7 and the axis of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body 1 is 55°; the inner diameter of the pin hole is 1.5 +0.04 0 mm, and the depth is 3 +0.4 0 mm, the specification of the pin 3 is 1.5×6 mm, and the distance between the center line of the pin hole and the axis of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body 1 is 18.5 mm.

[0031] The junction part between the straight hole and the relief groove has a 30° bevel.

[0032] The outer diameter of the cylindrical pin 2 is φ5.2 0 -0.05 mm, the length is 70 mm, and both end faces of the cylindrical pin 2 are chamfered at 45 degrees.

[0033] The innovation points of the present invention are as follows: a device and method for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole, by designing a special gauge to comprehensively detect the centering angle of the positioning groove of a certain gas distribution valve seat (hole with taper) and the uniform distribution angle of the tapered hole.

[0034] The specific steps include:

[0035] A. Design a special gauge

[0036] According to the dimensional and geometric tolerance requirements of the drawings of related products (gas distribution valve seat, cylinder block, cylinder block components), referring to the actual state of the gas distribution valve seat assembled on the cylinder block components, design a set of special gauges for the gas distribution valve seat, including a gas distribution valve seat gauge body (LG1) and a cylindrical pin (LG2), to comprehensively detect the centering situation of the positioning groove of the machined gas distribution valve seat and the uniformity of the holes. Those that fully meet the requirements are judged as qualified products.

[0037] Technical requirements for the gas distribution valve seat gauge body (LG1): heat treatment HRC28 - 30;

[0038] Material: 1Cr17Ni2 (GB / T1220 - 92).

[0039] Technical requirements for the cylindrical pin (LG2): heat treatment HRC40 - 45, and it is allowed to leave center holes at both ends;

[0040] Material: 9Cr18 (GB / 1220 - 92).

[0041] B. Detection method

[0042] Install the machined gas distribution valve seat in the 20° tapered hole of the gauge body, noting the groove 1.5 +0.085 +0.060 It should be stuck on the positioning pin at the bottom surface of the tapered hole, and check the five φ5.5 of the gas distribution valve seat +0.075 0 The tapered holes should be aligned one by one with the five measuring holes of the gauge body, and no misalignment or skew is allowed. Then use a φ5.2 0 -0.05 The cylindrical pin should be able to easily enter the hole and be inserted to the bottom, that is, try to ensure that the two holes are completely aligned. Press the upper end surface of the gas distribution valve seat by hand, it should be stable and reliable, and no shaking can be felt.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole, characterized in that, it includes a gas distribution valve seat gauge body and a cylindrical pin; a through hole coaxial with its axis is opened in the center of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body, and the through hole includes a tapered hole with an outward flared shape near the top of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body, a straight hole in the middle and lower part of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body, and a relief groove connecting the tapered hole and the straight hole; the inner diameter of the bottom of the tapered hole is larger than the inner diameter of the straight hole, and the inner diameter of the relief groove is larger than the inner diameter of the bottom of the tapered hole; the taper angle of the tapered hole matches the outer taper angle of the gas distribution valve seat to be measured; a pin hole parallel to the axis of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body is opened on the top end face of the straight hole for limiting the positioning groove of the gas distribution valve seat and is equipped with a pin; five equally spaced measuring holes are opened on the outer wall of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body and are distributed around the axis, and the measuring holes extend from the outer wall of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body into the tapered hole. When the machined gas distribution valve seat is installed in the tapered hole of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body, the cylindrical pin should be able to easily enter the tapered hole of the gas distribution valve seat and the measuring holes of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body and can be inserted to the bottom; the angle formed by the measuring hole and the axis of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body is the same as the angle formed by the five holes of the gas distribution valve seat to be measured and the axis of the gas distribution valve seat, and the inner diameters of the measuring hole and the five holes of the gas distribution valve seat are the same.

2. The device for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body is 50 mm, and the outer diameter is 80 mm; the taper angle of the tapered hole is 20 ± 1°, and the maximum inner diameter of the tapered hole is 45 +0.016 0 mm; the inner diameter of the straight hole is 33 -0.03 0 mm, and the inner diameter of the relief groove is 41 mm; the height of the tapered hole is 17.5 mm, and the height of the relief groove is 2 mm; the inner diameter of the measuring hole is 5.5 +0.075 0 mm, and the included angle between the axis of the measuring hole and the axis of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body is 55°.

3. The device for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner diameter of the pin hole is 1.5 +0.04 0 mm, and the depth is 3 +0.4 0 mm. The specification of the pin is 1.5×6mm, and the distance between the center line of the pin hole and the axis of the air distribution valve seat gauge body is 18.5mm.

4. The device for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole according to claim 3, characterized in that, The intersection part of the straight hole and the relief groove is at a 30° oblique angle.

5. The device for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specification of the cylindrical pin is an outer diameter of 5.2 0 -0.05 mm and a length of 70 mm.

6. The device for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Technical requirements for the gas distribution valve seat gauge body: Heat treatment HRC28-30; Material: 1Cr17Ni2; Technical requirements for the cylindrical pin: Heat treatment HRC40-45, and it is allowed to leave center holes at both ends; Material: 9Cr18.

7. The device for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, A positioning hole communicating with the straight hole is also opened on the outer wall of the gas distribution valve seat gauge body.

8. A method for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole, which is realized by using the device for measuring the spatial angle of a tapered hole according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Install the machined valve seat in the tapered hole of the valve seat gauge body, and ensure that the positioning groove is stuck on the positioning pin at the bottom surface of the tapered hole. Check that the five inner diameters of the valve seat are 5.5 +0.075 0 The tapered holes should be aligned one by one with the five measuring holes of the gauge body, and misalignment or skew is not allowed. Then, when a cylindrical pin is inserted into the tapered hole and the measuring hole, it should go in easily and be able to be inserted to the bottom, that is, try to ensure that the two holes are completely aligned. Press the upper end surface of the valve seat by hand, it should be stable and reliable, and no shaking can be felt, then the centering angle of the positioning groove of the valve seat and the uniform distribution angle of the tapered holes are qualified.

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