A bionic structure-based anti-collision energy-absorbing device

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on the anti-collision energy-absorbing device of bionic structure, it is related to rail transit damping energy consumption field.The top plate and bottom plate are set between several phononic crystal unit components, and the upper plate and the lower plate are provided with rubber bellows, and the rubber bellows are provided with vertical hollow tube spring, the lower plate of the bottom phononic crystal unit component is fixedly connected with the lower surface of top plate, and each phononic crystal unit component is fixedly connected;Each upper plate and lower plate of phononic crystal unit component is provided with several concentric annular grooves, and several steel balls are provided in each track;Second through hole is formed in the end of lower plate and upper plate close to each other.The application can realize better damping effect on structure by adding bionic bamboo wall vascular bundle honeycomb structure and tree multilayer concentric ring structure anti-collision energy-absorbing effective structure, and combining phononic crystal unit local resonance theory.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration reduction and energy consumption in rail transit, specifically to a collision-resistant energy-absorbing device based on a biomimetic structure. Background Technology

[0002] Highway bridges are frequently subjected to impact damage from vehicles, and in seismically active areas, they are also affected by seismic loads. These factors can cause serious damage to highway bridges. As vital channels for disaster relief, damage to highway bridges would greatly increase the difficulty of disaster relief. Therefore, reducing the potential damage caused by impact and vibration loads is crucial in the construction of highway bridges. In recent years, periodic vibration isolation technology, which has emerged in the field of vibration resistance and noise reduction, is a new vibration isolation concept. This concept mainly involves constructing a phonon crystal structure and introducing Bragg scattering or local resonance theory. When elastic waves of certain frequencies propagate in the periodic structure, refraction and reflection phenomena occur at the interfaces of different materials. The superposition of different waves restricts the propagation of elastic waves in specific frequency bands, thereby achieving the purpose of vibration resistance. The anti-collision energy absorption devices commonly used in rail transit generally utilize the deformation of rubber or springs under vibration loads to achieve the purpose of energy absorption and buffering. However, the energy absorption and buffering effect of this method is limited, and rubber materials are prone to corrosion and aging, resulting in poor durability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the above technical problems, the main objective of this invention is to provide a collision-resistant energy-absorbing device based on a biomimetic structure. This invention effectively constructs a collision-resistant energy-absorbing structure by incorporating a biomimetic bamboo wall vascular bundle honeycomb structure and a multi-layered concentric ring structure of trees. Combined with the local resonance theory of phonon crystal units, it effectively limits the propagation of vibration waves at specific frequencies and enables the device to quickly transfer and dissipate vibration energy, thereby effectively reducing the damage caused by impact and vibration loads to highway bridges.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solutions.

[0005] A biomimetic-structure-based collision-absorbing energy device includes a top plate and a bottom plate. A plurality of vertically stacked phonon crystal unit assemblies are disposed between the top plate and the bottom plate. Each phonon crystal unit assembly includes an upper plate and a lower plate, with a vertical rubber corrugated tube disposed between the upper and lower plates. A vertical hollow tube spring is disposed at the center of the rubber corrugated tube. The upper plate of the uppermost phonon crystal unit assembly is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate, and the lower plate of the lowermost phonon crystal unit assembly is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate. Each phonon crystal unit assembly is fixedly connected to the others. A plurality of concentric annular grooves with gradually increasing diameters are respectively formed at the center of the upper and lower plates of each phonon crystal unit assembly. The annular grooves have equal widths. Adjacent concentric annular grooves in the upper plate are connected by several evenly distributed connecting grooves, forming a concentric ring track resembling tree rings. Each concentric annular groove in the lower plate is also connected by several evenly distributed connecting grooves, forming a concentric ring track resembling tree rings. Several steel balls are arranged in each concentric ring track. A first through hole is opened at the center of the upper surface of the lower plate, and a second through hole is opened at the center of the lower surface of the upper plate. The upper end of the hollow tube spring is connected to the concentric ring track inside the upper plate through the second through hole, and the lower end of the hollow tube spring is connected to the concentric ring track inside the lower plate through the first through hole.

[0006] Furthermore, the rubber corrugated pipe includes a vascular bundle honeycomb structure layer with a cross-section of biomimetic bamboo, and folded paper layers are respectively provided on the inner and outer sides of the vascular bundle honeycomb structure layer; the vascular bundle honeycomb structure layer includes multiple horizontal annular cells, each annular cell has a longitudinal section of regular hexagon, and the longitudinal sections of multiple annular cells are honeycomb-shaped; each annular cell includes a hexagonal outer wall, and an inner tube extending along the length direction of the annular cell is provided at the center of the outer wall, and multiple connecting plates are provided between the inner tube and the outer wall.

[0007] Furthermore, the top plate, bottom plate, upper plate, and lower plate all have circular cross-sectional shapes, and the rubber corrugated pipe has an annular cross-sectional shape.

[0008] Furthermore, the top plate and bottom plate are both made of rubber; the upper plate and lower plate are both made of metal; and the hollow tube spring is made of temperature-controlled memory alloy.

[0009] Furthermore, the inner groove width of the concentric ring track of the biomimetic tree rings is the same as the inner diameter of the spiral tube of the hollow tube spring.

[0010] Furthermore, the diameter of the steel ball is smaller than the width of the inner groove of the concentric ring track of the biomimetic tree rings.

[0011] The technical solution of this invention effectively limits the propagation of vibration waves at specific frequencies by incorporating a biomimetic bamboo wall vascular bundle honeycomb structure and a tree multi-layer concentric ring structure to prevent impact and absorb energy. Combined with the local resonance theory of phonon crystal units, this allows the device to quickly transfer and dissipate vibration energy, thereby effectively reducing the damage caused by impact and vibration loads to highway bridges. Attached Figure Description

[0012] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure from the front view of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower plate of the present invention from a top-down perspective;

[0015] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the lower plate of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the upper plate of the present invention from an upward viewing angle;

[0017] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional structure of the upper plate of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the rubber corrugated pipe of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the ring-shaped unit cell structure of the present invention.

[0020] In the above diagram: 1. Top plate; 2. Bottom plate; 3. Phononic crystal unit assembly; 301. Upper plate; 3011. Second through hole; 302. Lower plate; 3021. First through hole; 303. Rubber corrugated pipe; 3031. Origami layer; 3032. Vascular bundle honeycomb structure layer; 30321. Ring cell; 303211. Inner tube; 303212. Connecting plate; 303213. Outer wall; 304. Hollow tube spring; 305. Concentric ring groove; 306. Connecting groove; 307. Steel ball. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention can be practiced in many ways other than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0023] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 A biomimetic-structure-based collision-absorbing energy device includes a top plate 1 and a bottom plate 2. A plurality of vertically stacked phonon crystal unit assemblies 3 are disposed between the top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2. Each phonon crystal unit assembly 3 includes an upper plate 301 and a lower plate 302. A vertical rubber corrugated tube 303, made of rubber, is disposed between the upper plate 301 and the lower plate 302. A vertical hollow tube spring 304 is disposed at the center of the rubber corrugated tube 303. The upper plate 301 of the uppermost phonon crystal unit assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate 1, and the lower plate 302 of the lowermost phonon crystal unit assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate 2. Each phonon crystal unit assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the others. Figure 5 As shown, each phonon crystal unit assembly 3 has several concentric annular grooves 305 with gradually increasing diameters at their center positions in the upper plate 301 and lower plate 302. The groove width of each concentric annular groove 305 is equal. Adjacent concentric annular grooves 305 in the upper plate 301 are connected by several evenly distributed connecting grooves 306. These concentric annular grooves 305 form a concentric ring track resembling tree rings. The lower plate 302... Each concentric annular groove 305 is connected to the others by several evenly distributed connecting grooves 306. The concentric annular grooves 305 also form a concentric ring track that mimics the annual rings of a tree. Several steel balls 307 are respectively arranged in each concentric ring track. A first through hole 3021 is opened at the center of the upper surface of the lower plate 302, and a second through hole 3011 is opened at the center of the lower surface of the upper plate 301. The upper end of the hollow tube spring 304 is connected to the concentric ring track inside the upper plate 301 through the second through hole 3011, and the lower end of the hollow tube spring 304 is connected to the concentric ring track inside the lower plate 302 through the first through hole 3021.

[0024] In the above embodiments, after being subjected to a vertical vibration load from the outside, the top plate 1 and bottom plate 2 deform and consume energy, and transmit the vibration load to the phonon crystal unit assembly 3. The vibration causes the phonon crystal unit assembly 3 to resonate and open the frequency band gap, isolating the propagation of elastic waves of a specific frequency, thus achieving a vibration reduction effect. At the same time, the vibration load is rapidly transmitted along the outer cylinder rubber bellows 303, causing the rubber bellows 303 to deform and consume energy. The vibration load also causes the hollow tube spring 304 to undergo compression deformation and consume energy. Simultaneously, the vibration load causes the steel ball 307 inside the upper plate 301 to overcome friction and move along the biomimetic tree trunk. The steel ball 307 moves within the concentric ring track of the biomimetic tree rings. The center of the concentric ring track leads to the spiral tube of the hollow tube spring 304, allowing the steel ball 307 to enter the spiral hollow tube inside the hollow tube spring 304 and continue to move upward or downward. The steel ball 307 may also enter the concentric ring track of the biomimetic tree rings in the lower plate 302 through the spiral tube and move. During the movement of the steel ball 307, it will rub against the tube wall of the spiral tube inside the hollow tube spring 304, generating heat, which will raise the temperature of the hollow tube spring 304 and then restore it to its original shape. The hollow tube spring 304 drives the phonon crystal unit assembly 3 to reset its overall structure through the upper plate 301 and the lower plate 302.

[0025] Further, refer to Figure 1 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 The rubber corrugated pipe 303 includes a vascular bundle honeycomb structure layer 3032 with a cross-section of biomimetic bamboo. Origami layers 3031 are respectively provided on the inner and outer sides of the vascular bundle honeycomb structure layer 3032. The vascular bundle honeycomb structure layer 3032 includes multiple horizontal annular cells 30321. Each annular cell 30321 has a longitudinal section of a regular hexagon, and the longitudinal sections of the multiple annular cells 30321 are honeycomb-shaped. Each annular cell 30321 includes a hexagonal outer wall 303213. An inner tube 303211 extending along the length of the annular cell 30321 is provided at the center of the outer wall 303213. Multiple connecting plates 303212 are provided between the inner tube 303211 and the outer wall 303213.

[0026] In the above embodiments, when the vibration load is transmitted to the rubber bellows 303, it will be transmitted evenly and rapidly between the vascular bundle honeycomb structure layer 3032 and the origami layer 3031, causing the vascular bundle honeycomb structure layer 3032 and the origami layer 3031 to deform and further consume energy.

[0027] Further, refer to Figure 3 The top plate 1, bottom plate 2, upper plate 301 and lower plate 302 all have circular cross-sectional shapes, and the rubber corrugated pipe 303 has an annular cross-sectional shape.

[0028] In the above embodiments, uniform force distribution can be achieved by defining a specific shape.

[0029] Further, refer to Figure 1 The top plate 1 and the bottom plate 2 are both made of rubber; the upper plate 301 and the lower plate 302 are both made of metal; and the hollow tube spring 304 is made of temperature-controlled memory alloy.

[0030] In the above embodiments, by limiting the upper plate 301 and the lower plate 302 to be made of metal materials, they can achieve the effect of resisting loads when under pressure. The hollow tube spring 304 made of temperature-controlled memory alloy material can achieve the effect of resetting when the temperature rises.

[0031] Further, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The inner groove width of the concentric ring track of the biomimetic tree rings is the same as the inner diameter of the spiral pipe of the hollow tube spring 304.

[0032] In the above embodiments, the passage of the steel ball 307 is facilitated.

[0033] Further, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 5 The diameter of the steel ball 307 is smaller than the inner groove width of the concentric ring track of the biomimetic tree rings.

[0034] Compared with existing shock absorbers, the advantages of this invention are:

[0035] This invention effectively limits the propagation of vibration waves at a specific frequency by adding a vascular bundle honeycomb structure layer 3032 and a concentric ring track structure inspired by tree rings to the phonon crystal unit component 3 to prevent collisions and absorb energy. Then, multiple phonon crystal unit components 3 are vertically and periodically connected to effectively limit the propagation of vibration waves at a specific frequency and enable the device to quickly transfer and dissipate vibration energy, thereby effectively reducing the damage caused by impact and vibration loads to highway bridges.

[0036] The tracks in the upper plate 301 and lower plate 302 are biomimetic to the multi-layered concentric ring structure of trees in nature. When the steel ball 307 moves along the concentric ring track, it can quickly transmit the vibration load along the concentric ring track of the biomimetic tree rings and dissipate the vibration load to the maximum extent during the movement.

[0037] By fully utilizing the advantages of temperature-controlled memory alloy materials, while the steel ball 307 dissipates energy during its movement, the heat generated by the friction between the steel ball 307 and the inner spiral hollow tube wall of the hollow tube spring 304 is used to reset the hollow tube spring 304 and drive the overall structure to reset.

[0038] Although the present invention has been described in detail in this specification with general description and specific embodiments, some modifications or improvements can be made to it, which will be obvious to those skilled in the art. Therefore, all such modifications or improvements made without departing from the present invention are within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomimetic structure-based collision-absorbing energy-absorbing device, comprising a top plate (1) and a bottom plate (2), characterized in that: A plurality of vertically stacked phononic crystal unit components (3) are provided between the top plate (1) and the bottom plate (2); The phonon crystal unit assembly (3) includes an upper plate (301) and a lower plate (302). A vertical rubber corrugated tube (303) is provided between the upper plate (301) and the lower plate (302). A vertical hollow tube spring (304) is provided in the center of the rubber corrugated tube (303). The upper plate (301) of the uppermost phonon crystal unit assembly (3) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the top plate (1), and the lower plate (302) of the lowermost phonon crystal unit assembly (3) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom plate (2). Each phonon crystal unit assembly (3) is fixedly connected to the others. Each phonon crystal unit assembly (3) has several concentric annular grooves (305) with gradually increasing diameters at their center positions in the upper plate (301) and lower plate (302). The groove width of each concentric annular groove (305) is equal. Adjacent concentric annular grooves (305) in the upper plate (301) are connected by several evenly distributed connecting grooves (306). The concentric annular grooves (305) form a concentric ring track of biomimetic tree rings. Each concentric annular groove (305) in the lower plate (302) is also connected by several evenly distributed connecting grooves (306). The concentric annular grooves (305) also form a concentric ring track of biomimetic tree rings. Several steel balls (307) are respectively arranged in each concentric ring track. The upper surface of the lower plate (302) has a first through hole (3021) at its center, and the lower surface of the upper plate (301) has a second through hole (3011) at its center. The upper end of the hollow tube spring (304) is connected to the concentric ring track inside the upper plate (301) through the second through hole (3011), and the lower end of the hollow tube spring (304) is connected to the concentric ring track inside the lower plate (302) through the first through hole (3021). The rubber corrugated pipe (303) includes a vascular bundle honeycomb structure layer (3032) of a biomimetic bamboo cross section, and the inner and outer sides of the vascular bundle honeycomb structure layer (3032) are respectively provided with origami layers (3031). The vascular bundle honeycomb structure layer (3032) contains multiple horizontal ring cells (30321), each ring cell (30321) has a longitudinal section of a regular hexagon, and the longitudinal sections of multiple ring cells (30321) are honeycomb-shaped. Each annular unit cell (30321) includes a hexagonal outer wall (303213), and an inner tube (303211) extending along the length of the annular unit cell (30321) is provided at the center of the outer wall (303213). A plurality of connecting plates (303212) are provided between the inner tube (303211) and the outer wall (303213).

2. The collision-absorbing energy-absorbing device based on a biomimetic structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top plate (1), bottom plate (2), upper plate (301) and lower plate (302) are all circular in cross-section, and the rubber corrugated pipe (303) is annular in cross-section.

3. The collision-absorbing energy-absorbing device based on a biomimetic structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top plate (1) and bottom plate (2) are both made of rubber; the upper plate (301) and lower plate (302) are both made of metal; and the hollow tube spring (304) is made of temperature-controlled memory alloy.

4. The collision-absorbing energy-absorbing device based on a biomimetic structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner groove width of the concentric ring track of the biomimetic tree rings is the same as the inner diameter of the spiral tube of the hollow tube spring (304).

5. The collision-absorbing energy-absorbing device based on a biomimetic structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The diameter of the steel ball (307) is smaller than the inner groove width of the concentric ring track of the biomimetic tree rings.

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