Transplanting and covering device with active covering arms

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting mechanical equipment, and discloses a transplanted soil covering device with active soil covering arms, which comprises a mounting base plate, a transplanted soil covering frame, a transplanted component and a soil covering component. The mounting base plate is connected with a five-link mechanism. The transplanted component comprises a transplanted driving cam, a transplanted driven swing piece, a transplanted connecting component and a duckbill component. The transplanted connecting component comprises a first wire drawing component and a first spring. The soil covering component comprises a soil covering driving cam, a soil covering driven swing piece, a soil covering connecting component and a soil covering arm component. The soil covering connecting component comprises a second wire drawing component and a second spring. The soil covering arm component comprises a soil covering shovel and a swing arm. The application solves the problem that the natural backfill passive soil covering of the existing technology relies on the hole digging of the planting device when transplanting seedlings, which often causes insufficient soil covering and needs artificial secondary soil covering. Especially for clay soil, the seedlings are insufficiently covered with soil after transplanted soil covering, which easily causes poor seedling straightness and seedling exposure, and leads to low survival rate of transplanted seedlings.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of agricultural planting mechanical equipment technology, in particular to a transplanted soil covering device with active soil covering arms. BACKGROUND

[0002] Dry land mechanical transplanting technology is widely used in tobacco, sweet potato, vegetables, cotton and other agricultural crops, and the hanging cup duckbill type transplanting machine is a dry land transplanting machine that relies on a duckbill planter to punch holes and insert seedlings to complete transplanting. However, the existing hanging cup duckbill type transplanting machine uses natural backfilling of the duckbill hole-punching transplanting to cover the soil when transplanting seedlings, which results in poor seedling straightness, lodging and even seedling exposure due to insufficient soil covering, and further leads to low survival rate of transplanted seedlings. In particular, in a clay soil environment, the soil covering effect is even worse or there is basically no soil covering, such as severe seedling exposure after pepper transplanting. In order to ensure the survival rate of seedlings, secondary artificial soil covering is required, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a transplanted soil covering device with active soil covering arms, which realizes simultaneous active soil covering of seedling transplanting by coordinating the seedling insertion and soil covering actions in a certain time sequence, so as to solve the problem of insufficient soil covering caused by passive soil covering of natural backfilling of the duckbill hole-punching seedling insertion in the prior art.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] The application discloses a transplanting and covering device with active covering arms, which comprises a mounting base plate, a transplanting and covering frame, a transplanting assembly and a covering assembly, wherein the mounting base plate is connected with a transplanting machine body; a five-bar mechanism is connected with the mounting base plate; the input end of the five-bar mechanism is connected with the power output end of the transplanting machine body; the output end of the five-bar mechanism is fixedly connected with the transplanting and covering frame; the transplanting assembly comprises a transplanting transmission cam, a transplanting driven swing piece, a transplanting connecting assembly and a duckbill assembly; the covering assembly comprises a covering transmission cam, a covering driven swing piece, a covering connecting assembly and a covering arm assembly; the transplanting transmission cam and the covering transmission cam are coaxial and connected with the power output shaft of the transplanting machine body; the transplanting driven swing piece and the covering driven swing piece are coaxial and rotationally connected with the mounting base plate; the transplanting transmission cam is arranged in matched mode with the transplanting driven swing piece; the transplanting connecting assembly comprises a first wire pulling assembly and a first spring; the fixed plate of the first wire pulling assembly is fixedly connected with the transplanting driven swing piece; the duckbill assembly is rotationally connected with the transplanting and covering frame; the free end of the first wire pulling assembly is connected with the duckbill assembly and used for opening the two duckbills; the two ends of the first spring are connected with the two duckbills of the duckbill assembly respectively and used for resetting the duckbills; the covering transmission cam is arranged in matched mode with the covering driven swing piece; the covering connecting assembly comprises a second wire pulling assembly and a second spring; the fixed plate of the second wire pulling assembly is fixedly connected with the covering driven swing piece; the covering arm assembly is rotationally connected with the transplanting and covering frame; the free end of the second wire pulling assembly is connected with the covering arm assembly and used for opening the two covering shovels; the two ends of the second spring are connected with the two covering shovels of the covering arm assembly respectively and used for resetting the covering shovels.

[0006] Further, the covering arm assembly comprises a covering shovel and a swing arm; the covering shovel is slidably connected with the swing arm; the swing arm is provided with an adjusting groove; the swing arm is fixedly connected with the transplanting and covering frame; the free end of the second wire pulling assembly is connected with the swing arm and used for opening the covering shovel; and the two ends of the second spring are connected with the swing arm respectively and used for resetting the covering shovel.

[0007] Further, the formula of the lag angle of the covering transmission cam relative to the transplanting transmission cam is as follows:

[0008]

[0009] wherein L1 is the transplanting depth, L2 is the distance of the duckbill rising when the duckbill is opened in the transplanting process, and β is the farthest angle of the transplanting transmission cam.

[0010] The principle and beneficial effects of the technical scheme are as follows:

[0011] The transplanting and covering device is connected with a power output end of a transplanting machine, linkage is realized between the transplanting component, the covering component, the transplanting and covering frame and the transplanting machine body, the transplanting and covering frame swings up and down periodically along with the forward movement of the transplanting machine, in the process of upward movement of the transplanting and covering frame, the duckbill of the transplanting component moves upward for receiving seedlings, the covering component is stationary, in the process of downward movement of the transplanting and covering frame, the duckbill of the transplanting component is inserted into the soil and opens to release the seedlings, meanwhile, the covering shovel of the covering component is also inserted into the soil, when the seedlings released by the opening of the duckbill move upward to the soil surface, the soil around the hole is pushed by the covering shovel to cover the seedlings actively, and the process is repeated. The distance between the transplanted seedlings is related to the forward movement speed of the transplanting machine, the distance between the seedlings in adjacent two rows is certain, and the transplanting is uniform, the active covering is realized through linkage of the swinging arm when the seedlings are released, the straightness of the seedlings is ensured, and the covering effect is improved; the seedlings are transplanted by using the duckbill planter and the active covering shovel, the soil around the seedlings is cultivated into the transplanting hole by the covering shovel, a positive covering angle (the soil at the seedling stem is higher than the soil around) is formed, the phenomenon that the soil cannot be covered or the covering effect is poor in the clay soil condition is avoided, the survival rate of the transplanted seedlings is improved, the height of the covering shovel connected along the adjusting groove of the swinging arm is adjusted to adjust the depth of the covering shovel into the soil, the covering amount is adjusted, and the device is suitable for different crop seedlings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a structure schematic view of the transplanting and covering device with the active covering arm according to the application;

[0013] Figure 2 It is a structure schematic view of the transplanting and covering device with the active covering arm according to the application; Figure 1 It is a view in the direction A;

[0014] Figure 3 It is a view in the direction B; Figure 1 It is a view in the direction B;

[0015] Figure 4 It is a time sequence diagram of the transplanting and covering action of the transplanting and covering device with the active covering arm according to the application;

[0016] Figure 5 It is an initial state diagram when transplanting and covering of the transplanting and covering device with the active covering arm according to the application;

[0017] Figure 6 It is an initial state diagram when transplanting and covering of the transplanting and covering device with the active covering arm according to the application;

[0018] Figure 7 It is an initial state diagram when transplanting and covering of the transplanting and covering device with the active covering arm according to the application;

[0019] Figure 8 Fig. 1 is a diagram of the state of covering soil when transplanting and covering soil by the transplanting and soil covering device with active soil covering arms according to the present application;

[0020] Figure 9 Fig. 2 is a diagram of the working process of the soil covering transmission cam of the transplanting and soil covering device with active soil covering arms according to the present application;

[0021] Figure 10 Fig. 3 is an analysis diagram of the working angle of the transplanting transmission cam of the transplanting and soil covering device with active soil covering arms according to the present application;

[0022] Figure 11 Fig. 4 is an effect diagram after transplanting seedlings by the transplanting and soil covering device with active soil covering arms according to the present application;

[0023] The names of the corresponding marks in the drawings are as follows:

[0024] Soil covering shovel 1, swing arm 2, first wire pulling assembly 3, transplanting and soil covering frame 4, second spring 5, duckbill assembly 6, mounting base plate 7, five-bar mechanism 8, transplanting transmission cam 9, soil covering transmission cam 10, soil covering driven swing 11, transplanting driven swing 12, adjusting groove 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments:

[0026] As Figures 1 to 3As shown, a transplanting and soil-covering device with an active soil-covering arm includes a mounting base 7, a transplanting and soil-covering frame 4, a transplanting assembly, and a soil-covering assembly. The mounting base 7 is connected to the transplanter body and a five-bar linkage 8 is connected to the mounting base. The input end of the five-bar linkage 8 is connected to the power output end of the transplanter body, and the output end of the five-bar linkage 8 is fixedly connected to the transplanting and soil-covering frame 4. The transplanting assembly includes a transplanting drive cam 9, a transplanting driven swing member 12, a transplanting connecting assembly, and a duckbill assembly 6. The soil-covering assembly includes a soil-covering drive cam 10, a soil-covering driven swing member 11, a soil-covering connecting assembly, and a soil-covering arm assembly. The transplanting drive cam 9 and the soil-covering drive cam 10 are coaxial and connected to the power output shaft of the transplanter body. The transplanting driven swing member 12 and the soil-covering driven swing member 11 are coaxial and rotatably connected to the mounting base 7. The transplanting drive cam 9 and the transplanting driven swing member 12 are configured to cooperate with each other. The transplanting connecting assembly includes a first wire-drawing assembly. The first wire-pulling assembly 3 and the first spring are fixedly connected. The fixing plate of the first wire-pulling assembly 3 is fixedly connected to the transplanting driven swing member 12. The duckbill assembly 6 is rotatably connected to the transplanting and covering frame 4. The free end of the first wire-pulling assembly 3 is connected to the duckbill assembly 6 and used to open the two duckbills. The two ends of the first spring are respectively connected to the two duckbills of the duckbill assembly 6 and used to reset the duckbills. The covering transmission cam 10 is set in cooperation with the covering driven swing member 11. The covering connection assembly includes the second wire-pulling assembly and the second spring 5. The fixing plate of the second wire-pulling assembly is fixedly connected to the covering driven swing member 11. The covering arm assembly includes the covering shovel 1 and the swing arm 2. The covering shovel 1 and the swing arm 2 are slidably connected. The swing arm 2 is provided with an adjustment groove 13. The swing arm 2 is fixedly connected to the transplanting and covering frame 4. The free end of the second wire-pulling assembly is connected to the swing arm 2 and used to open the covering shovel 1. The two ends of the second spring 5 are respectively connected to the swing arm 2 and used to reset the covering shovel 1.

[0027] The specific implementation process is as follows:

[0028] like Figure 4 As shown, during the soil covering operation, the movement of the soil covering arm assembly is matched with the opening and closing of the duckbill and the movement of the five-bar linkage 8. The action timing diagram obtained by analyzing the coordinated cooperation of the soil covering assembly, the duckbill assembly 6, the five-bar linkage 8, the transplanting transmission cam 9 and the soil covering transmission cam 10 is obtained.

[0029] The working process of the soil covering implementation agency:

[0030] like Figure 5 As shown, the transplanting and covering frame 4 moves downward from the initial state with the five-bar linkage 8. When the covering shovel 1 comes into contact with the soil, it will slide and retract into the swing arm 2 due to the upward resistance of the soil. At this time, the two duckbill pieces are in the closed state to prevent the seedlings from being leaked out.

[0031] like Figure 6As shown, the five-bar mechanism 8 continues to drive the transplanting and covering frame 4 to move downward, the covering shovel 1 interferes with the swing arm 2, and the covering shovel 1 no longer retracts to the swing arm 2, while the duckbill assembly 6 is ready to open to release the seedling;

[0032] As shown, the five-bar mechanism 8 drives the transplanting and covering frame 4 to move upward, the covering shovel 1 of the covering arm assembly slides out of the swing arm 2, at this time the shovel surface of the covering shovel 1 is still inserted into the soil, and the duckbill of the duckbill assembly 6 is in an open state to release the seedling; Figure 7 As shown, the five-bar mechanism 8 drives the transplanting and covering frame 4 to continue to move upward, when the duckbill leaves the soil surface, the second wire is pulled and drives the two swing arms to swing toward each other, the covering shovel 1 covers the soil, and the second spring 5 is stretched;

[0033] Figure 8 As shown, the five-bar mechanism 8 drives the transplanting and covering frame 4 to move upward to the specified point, the transplanting and covering frame 4 ends the covering, the second wire returns, the second spring 5 rebounds, and then returns to the initial state, and the cycle is repeated.

[0034] As shown, the working process of the covering assembly is as follows:

[0035] As shown, the working process of the covering assembly is as follows: Figure 9

[0036] 1) The covering transmission cam 10 rotates counterclockwise to perform the push process, the covering driven swing piece 11 moves from point A to point B, and displacement occurs between points A and B to stretch the second wire, and the covering shovel 1 covers the soil;

[0037] 2) The covering transmission cam 10 performs the far rest, the roller of the covering driven swing piece 11 moves from point B to point C, but the covering driven swing piece 11 has no displacement in this process, the second wire remains stretched, the covering shovel 1 remains in the covering action, and the covering arm assembly rises with the transplanting and covering frame 4;

[0038] 3) The covering transmission cam 10 performs the return process, the roller of the covering driven swing piece 11 moves from point C to point D, between points C and D, the displacement of the covering driven swing piece 11 gradually decreases, the second wire gradually retracts, and the covering arm assembly resets;

[0039] 4) When the covering transmission cam 10 performs the near rest, from the starting point D to the ending point A, the roller of the covering driven swing piece 11 has no displacement in this process, the second wire remains retracted, the covering arm assembly returns to the initial state, and the covering cycle is completed.

[0040] As shown, in the transplanting process, the duckbill assembly 6 will move up and down under the driving of the five-bar mechanism 8, and the cam controlling the opening and closing of the duckbill continuously rotates. The up-and-down and opening-and-closing movement relationship of the two duckbills of the duckbill assembly 6 is as follows: Figure 10 ​​​

[0041] 1) two pieces of duckbill open at the lowest point when the transplanting drive cam 9 rotates to E' point;

[0042] 2) duckbill assembly 6 rises during the farthest point of the transplanting drive cam 9;

[0043] 3) when the duckbill assembly 6 rises a certain distance from the soil surface, the transplanting drive cam 9 rotates to C' point, and then the two pieces of duckbill gradually close to avoid damaging seedlings.

[0044] Through the analysis of the up-and-down and opening-and-closing movement of the duckbill assembly 6, only after the duckbill assembly 6 completes the seedling insertion and leaves the soil surface, can the covering be performed. Assuming that the covering arm assembly performs covering at B' point during the opening-and-closing transplanting drive cam 9 farthest point E'-C', the rising distance of the duckbill assembly 6 at E'-B' is L1, which is the planting depth; the rising distance of the duckbill assembly 6 at E'-C' is L2, which is the rising distance of the duckbill when it opens during the planting; the covering drive cam 10 starts covering at B point, so B point is the farthest starting point of the covering drive cam 10, and C is the farthest end point of the covering drive cam 10. Thus, the formula for the lag angle of the covering drive cam 10 compared with the transplanting drive cam 9 when installed is:

[0045]

[0046] The effect of transplanting seedlings by using the transplanting and covering device with active covering arms according to the present application is shown in Figure 11 .

[0047] The above is only an embodiment of the present application, and the well-known specific technical solutions or characteristics in the scheme are not described in detail. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solutions of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application, and these will not affect the effect and practicality of the present application. The protection scope claimed in the present application should be subject to the content of its claims, and the specific implementation modes and the like in the specification can be used to explain the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A transplanting and covering device with active covering arms, characterized in that: The utility model relates to a kind of transplanting and covering soil frame, including installation base plate, transplanting and covering soil frame, transplanting component and covering soil component, the installation base plate is connected with transplanting machine body, five-bar mechanism is connected with the installation base plate, the input end of five-bar mechanism is connected with the power output end of transplanting machine body, the output end of five-bar mechanism is fixedly connected with the transplanting and covering soil frame, the transplanting component includes transplanting drive cam, transplanting driven swing piece, transplanting connecting component and duckbill component, the covering soil component includes covering soil drive cam, covering soil driven swing piece, covering soil connecting component and covering soil arm component, the transplanting drive cam and the covering soil drive cam coaxial and are connected with the power output shaft of transplanting machine body, the transplanting driven swing piece and the covering soil driven swing piece coaxial and are rotatably connected with the installation base plate, the transplanting drive cam is arranged in cooperation with the transplanting driven swing piece, the transplanting connecting component includes first wire drawing assembly and first spring, the fixed plate of first wire drawing assembly is fixedly connected with the transplanting driven swing piece, the duckbill component is rotatably connected with the transplanting and covering soil frame, the free end of first wire drawing assembly is connected with the duckbill component and is used to open two duckbills, two ends of first spring are connected with two duckbills of the duckbill component respectively and are used for the reset of duckbill, the covering soil drive cam is arranged in cooperation with the covering soil driven swing piece, the covering soil connecting component includes second wire drawing assembly and second spring, the fixed plate of second wire drawing assembly is fixedly connected with the covering soil driven swing piece, the covering soil arm component is rotatably connected with the transplanting and covering soil frame, the free end of second wire drawing assembly is connected with the covering soil arm component and is used to open two covering soil shovels, two ends of second spring are connected with two covering soil shovels of the covering soil arm component respectively and are used for the reset of covering soil shovel; The covering soil arm component includes covering soil shovel and swing arm, the covering soil shovel is slidably connected with the swing arm, the swing arm is provided with adjusting groove, the swing arm is fixedly connected with the transplanting and covering soil frame, the free end of second wire drawing assembly is connected with the swing arm and is used to open the covering soil shovel, two ends of second spring are connected with the swing arm respectively and are used for the reset of covering soil shovel; The hysteresis angle formula of the covering soil drive cam than the transplanting drive cam is: ； In the formula, is the planting depth, is the distance of the duckbill opening when it is raised during planting, is the far rest angle of the transplanting drive cam.

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