A dust suppression hood device

Abstract

A dust suppression hood device belongs to the field of open-pit mining technology. It includes a dust suppression hood, a belt conveyor curtain and lining installed above the hood's inlet to block dust overflow; a first duct at each of the four corners of the hood and a second duct on the edge above the inlet to balance the pressure difference caused by external wind; a negative pressure explosion-proof fan and retractable duct inside the hood to enhance the tendency of the induced dust-laden gas to circulate; a dust suppression brush connected to a grate at the top inside the hood to trap dust in the upward-moving dust-laden gas; and an inner sail horizontally attached between the two inlet / outlet ports inside the hood to reduce ambient draft. Compared with traditional dust removal methods, this dust suppression hood induces the dust-laden gas to circulate within the hood by the flow of material, ensuring that the dust suppression effect is not affected by strong external winds, and that all dust is controlled within the hood without escape, achieving energy saving and consumption reduction while ensuring high-efficiency dust control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of open-pit mining technology, and specifically relates to a dust suppression hood device. Background Technology

[0002] Dust dispersion caused by materials falling into the receiving hopper is the main source of pollution generated during on-site operations at open-pit mine crushing stations. Currently, most open-pit mine unloading pits are open structures. During the unloading process of trucks, the turbulent airflow caused by the falling materials causes dust to disperse in all directions. At the same time, due to the complex conditions at the unloading port of dump trucks, some dust-laden airflow from the crushing station escapes to the outside through chutes or other poorly sealed parts, resulting in dust leakage and numerous dust spray points during the dust removal process. This is especially true when the external wind speed is high, which exacerbates dust pollution in the working area of ​​the crushing station.

[0003] Currently, there are various technical measures for dust control at the unloading port of primary crushing stations in open-pit mines, including wet dust control methods such as dry fog dust suppression and water spraying dust suppression, and dry dust control methods such as dust collectors and closed dust suppression. The most effective dust control technology for crushing stations is a comprehensive dust control method that combines wet dust control with dry closed dust suppression. However, existing dust control measures have problems such as high energy consumption, high operating and maintenance costs, large maintenance requirements, limitations imposed by seasonal and climatic conditions, and low dust suppression efficiency. Under adverse weather conditions at the work site, the dust suppression effect will be further limited.

[0004] Therefore, finding a low-energy, high-efficiency dust control method that is not limited by seasons and climate to solve the dust pollution at the unloading hopper of the primary crushing station in an open-pit mine is an urgent dust removal technology problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a dust suppression hood device.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: a dust suppression hood device, the key technical points of which are: a dust suppression hood consisting of a supporting structure and a lightweight membrane enclosed around the supporting structure; a belt curtain and inner lining for isolating the inside and outside of the dust suppression hood suspended above the vehicle inlet / outlet; three negative pressure explosion-proof fans for inducing the circulation trajectory of dust-laden gas installed above the vehicle unloading port; three retractable air ducts leading from the negative pressure explosion-proof fan located at the center above the vehicle unloading port, one of which is located at the center of the unloading side with its outlet facing the ground, and the outlets of the other two air ducts facing the sides of the vehicle unloading port; a grate installed on the upper part of the inner wall of the dust suppression hood, with dust suppression brushes suspended on the grate for intercepting dust carried by the dust-laden airflow; and an inner sail hanging on the inner wall of the dust suppression hood, the inner sail being located at the center inside the dust suppression hood and perpendicular to the vehicle inlet direction to prevent ambient wind from forming a draft as it passes through the dust suppression hood.

[0007] In the above scheme, the gap between the inner sail and the light membrane is sealed by a belt.

[0008] In the above scheme, a steel beam corridor is erected above the dust suppression brush inside the dust suppression hood, and the steel beam corridor is paved with floor slabs for personnel to carry out maintenance and repair.

[0009] In the above scheme, an infrared sensor is installed at the vehicle unloading port to monitor the entire unloading process of the vehicle, and a camera and a dust concentration monitor are installed on the dust suppression cover. The infrared sensor, camera and dust concentration monitor are respectively connected to the electronic control platform.

[0010] In the above scheme, the negative pressure explosion-proof fan is equipped with a keel, and a dust removal filter bag is wrapped around the outside of the keel.

[0011] In the above scheme, the top of the keel is a conical structure.

[0012] In the above scheme, when the negative pressure explosion-proof fan rotates forward, it is used to guide the circulation trajectory of the dust-laden gas; when the negative pressure explosion-proof fan rotates in reverse, it is used to remove dust from the filter bag.

[0013] In the above scheme, a first duct is installed at each of the four corners above the dust suppression hood to guide the ambient airflow. The air inlet of the first duct is parallel to the vehicle entry direction of the dust suppression hood, and the air outlet of the first duct faces the ground.

[0014] In the above scheme, a second duct is also installed on the edge above the vehicle inlet outside the dust suppression hood to divert the ambient airflow.

[0015] In the above scheme, a curtain lifting transmission device is used to replace the belt curtain. The curtain lifting transmission device includes a crossbeam, an angle sensor, a first reduction motor, a dust curtain, a roller, a second reduction motor, a pulley, a belt, a pressure roller, a spring, and a pressure roller frame. The crossbeam is fixedly connected to the longitudinal beam of the door frame at the dust suppression hood's inlet unloading port. The pressure roller is pressed against the dust curtain by the pressure roller frame. One end of the pressure roller frame is fixed to the crossbeam by a support, and the other end is sleeved on the pressure roller. The support is equipped with a spring for returning the swing arm to its original position, and the free end of the spring is hooked onto the swing arm. The output shaft of the first reduction motor, fixed to one end of the crossbeam, is connected to the roller and drives the roller to rotate. The dust curtain is wrapped around the roller and rolls up or falls as the roller rotates.

[0016] A transmission component for rotating the pressure roller is connected between the pressure roller and the crossbeam. The transmission component includes a connecting arm and a pulley disposed between the two connecting arms. One end of the connecting arm and the pulley is sleeved on another support of the crossbeam, and the other end is sleeved on the pressure roller. The belt wound on the two pulleys rotates with the second reduction motor connected to one pulley, which in turn drives the pressure roller to rotate in the opposite direction to the roller. An angle sensor connected to a PLC controller is also provided on the connecting arm for real-time detection of the relative angle between the pressure roller frame and the crossbeam. The PLC controller is also connected to the first reduction motor and the second reduction motor. The feedback signal from the angle sensor controls the forward and reverse rotation of the first reduction motor and the second reduction motor to realize the winding or unwinding of the dust curtain.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The dust suppression hood device includes a dust suppression hood, a belt curtain and an inner lining installed above the inlet of the dust suppression hood to block dust overflow; a first duct installed at the four corners of the dust suppression hood and a second duct installed on the edge above the inlet of the dust suppression hood are used to balance the pressure difference caused by external wind force; a negative pressure explosion-proof fan is installed inside the dust suppression hood, and three retractable air ducts are led out from the negative pressure explosion-proof fan to enhance the effect of inducing the circulation of dust-laden gas; a dust suppression brush is connected to the top of the dust suppression hood through a grate to intercept dust in the upward-moving dust-laden gas; an inner sail is hung between the two inlet and outlet ports inside the dust suppression hood to reduce ambient draft. Compared with traditional dust removal methods, this dust suppression hood induces the dust-laden gas to circulate inside the hood by means of material flow, ensuring that the dust suppression effect of the device is not affected by strong winds in the external environment. All dust is controlled inside the hood and does not escape. The device achieves energy saving and consumption reduction while ensuring high-efficiency dust control, and can be better applied to production sites with harsh climatic conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the dust suppression hood device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the duct and steel beam corridor structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fan keel structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4This is a block diagram of the control platform structure in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the curtain lifting transmission device in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] In the diagram, 1 is steel structure, 2 is lightweight membrane, 3 is inlet / outlet, 4 is dust suppression brush, 5 is first duct, 6 is negative pressure explosion-proof fan, 7 is camera, 8 is second duct, 9 is belt-driven curtain, 10 is canvas lining, 11 is inner canvas, 12 is dust concentration meter, 13 is air duct, 14 is infrared sensor, 15 is steel beam corridor, 16 is keel, 17 is dust collector filter bag, 18 is curtain lifting transmission device, 181 is crossbeam, 182 is angle sensor, 183 is first geared motor, 184 is dustproof curtain, 185 is roller, 186 is second geared motor, 187 is pulley, 188 is belt, 189 is pressure roller, 1810 is spring, 1811 is pressure roller frame, and 19 is electrical control platform. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the following description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figures 1-5 The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1:

[0027] This embodiment employs a dust suppression hood device, comprising a supporting structure and a lightweight membrane 2. The dust suppression hood uses a steel structure 1 as the supporting structure, which is enclosed by the lightweight membrane 2. The dust suppression hood has two opposing inlet / outlet ports 3. Above each inlet / outlet port 3, multiple layers of belt-driven curtains 9 and a canvas liner 10 are hung. The belt-driven curtains 9 and the liner are arranged adjacent to each other, and their length gradually increases from the outside to the inside, forming multiple seals at the inlet / outlet port 3. The function of the belt-driven curtains 9 and the canvas liner 10 is to enhance the isolation performance between the inside and outside of the dust suppression hood, preventing dust from overflowing from inside the hood when the truck is unloading due to ambient wind.

[0028] In this embodiment, a first duct 5 is installed at each of the four corners above the outer wall of the dust suppression hood. The air inlet of the first duct 5 is parallel to the vehicle entry direction, and the air outlet faces the ground. A second duct 8 is installed on each of the edges above the vehicle entry of the dust suppression hood. The second duct 8 plays the role of guiding the ambient airflow, balancing the positive and negative pressure difference outside the dust suppression hood caused by the external wind, and weakening the inducing effect of the positive and negative pressure difference on the overflow of dust-containing gas inside the dust suppression hood to the outside.

[0029] In this embodiment, three negative pressure explosion-proof fans 6 are installed above each truck inlet / outlet 3, and the negative pressure explosion-proof fans 6 are fixed to the inner wall of the dust suppression hood. A frame 16 is erected around the negative pressure explosion-proof fans 6. The top of the frame 16 has a conical structure to prevent dust accumulation. One or more layers of dust collection filter bags 17 are wrapped around the outside of the frame 16. The function of the dust collection filter bags 17 is to prevent dust-laden airflow from carrying dust out of the hood after passing through the fans. During truck unloading, the negative pressure explosion-proof fans 6 can operate in both forward and reverse directions. When rotating forward, their function is to maintain the negative pressure state inside the dust suppression hood, enhance the induction of the circulating movement trajectory of dust-laden gas, and inhibit the tendency of dust to move out of the dust suppression hood. When rotating in reverse, the backflushing of the filter bags prevents dust accumulation inside the dust collection filter bags 17. In this embodiment, three retractable air ducts 13 are drawn from the negative pressure explosion-proof fan located at the center of the upper part of the unloading port 3. The three air ducts 13 are respectively located at the center of the unloading side of the inner sail 11 and on both sides of the unloading port inside the dust suppression hood. The height is adjusted according to the needs of on-site application. The function of the air ducts 13 is to enhance the inductive adsorption effect of the overflowing dust-laden gas. A double-layer dust suppression brush 4 is suspended by a grate installed at the upper part of the inside of the dust suppression hood. The dust suppression brush 4 intercepts most of the dust carried by the dust-laden airflow, reducing the tendency of the dust-laden airflow to move upward under the induction of the fan and eventually move out of the dust suppression hood along the fan direction.

[0030] Inside the dust suppression hood, a steel beam corridor 15 is erected above the dust suppression brush 4. The steel beams are covered with floor slabs, which facilitates personnel to maintain and repair the internal structure and components of the hood.

[0031] An inner sail 11 is installed in the middle of the dust suppression hood. The gap between the inner sail 11 and the light membrane 2 is sealed by a belt. Its function is to suppress the induction effect when the surrounding environment wind passes through the hood and forms a draft when unloading material on the opposite side at the same time.

[0032] Infrared sensors 14 are installed at three vehicle unloading ports to monitor the entire unloading process. A camera 7 and a dust concentration monitor 12 are installed inside the dust suppression hood. Their function is to monitor the entire unloading system of the dust suppression hood and provide real-time monitoring and early warning. In this embodiment, the infrared sensors 14, camera 7, and dust concentration monitor 12 all communicate with the electronic control platform 19. The electronic control platform 19 jointly controls the operation and monitoring equipment of the dust suppression system, such as the fan, camera, and dust concentration monitor, as well as the infrared sensors, lighting, and dump truck of the unloading system.

[0033] The principle of the dust suppression hood device in this embodiment is as follows:

[0034] 1) Induced Circulation: During truck unloading, the truck bed is raised to unload the material. As the material falls, it disturbs the surrounding air and carries some air into the receiving pit. The material completes a spatial position change in a very short time, causing a negative pressure to form in the area behind the truck in the unloading pit. When the material falls to the inlet of the unloading pit, there will be some accumulation space. According to the principle of energy conservation, some potential energy will be converted into reverse kinetic energy. The smaller the mass of the particles and dust, the greater the reverse velocity generated, which again carries a large amount of air to diffuse to the surroundings, forming positive pressure. The dust-laden gas generated by the movement of the material will generate a closed-loop upward vortex motion under the action of pressure difference.

[0035] 2) Enhanced Induced Circulation: The use of negative pressure explosion-proof fans and ducts ensures that the internal space of the enclosure maintains a relatively negative pressure state during truck entry and exit, enhancing the upward vortex movement of dust-laden gas and inducing more dust-laden gas to contact the dust suppression area (dust suppression brush layer). When the dust-laden gas passes through the dust suppression area (dust suppression brush layer) regularly, the potential energy of the vortex field is reduced, and most of the dust is trapped and settles down on its own. A small amount of dust-laden gas, carrying dust, will pass through the dust suppression area and escape out of the enclosure along the direction of the negative pressure explosion-proof fan. The filter bag wrapped above the fan traps this small amount of dust, ultimately achieving the goal of trapping all the dust inside the enclosure.

[0036] Example 2:

[0037] The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the belt-driven curtain 9 is replaced by a curtain lifting transmission device 18, which has the following structure: a crossbeam 181, an angle sensor 182, a first reduction motor 183, a dustproof curtain 184, a roller 185, a second reduction motor 186, a pulley 187, a belt 188, a pressure roller 189, a spring 1810, and a pressure roller frame 1811. The two ends of the crossbeam 181 are fixed to the longitudinal beam of the door frame of the dust suppression hood's inlet and outlet 3. The roller 185 is connected to the crossbeam 181 through the inner ring of the bearing and is connected to the shaft located in the middle of the roller 185 through the inner ring of the bearing. The shaft of the roller 185 is connected to the output shaft of the first reduction motor 183. One end of the dustproof curtain 184 is fixed to the roller 185. The first reduction motor 183 drives the roller 185 to rotate to realize the rolling up and unrolling of the dustproof curtain 184. The pressure roller 189 is pressed against the roller 185 by the pressure roller frame 1811. One end of the pressure roller frame 1811 is fixed to the crossbeam 181 by a support, and the other end is sleeved on the pressure roller 189. A spring 1810 is provided on the support, and the free end of the spring 1810 is hooked on the swing arm to ensure that the pressure roller 189 always presses on the dust curtain 184, so that the dust curtain 184 is tightly wound on the roller 185. The rotation direction of the pressure roller 189 and the roller 185 is always opposite, which facilitates the smooth and reliable winding and unwinding process of the dust curtain 184. In this embodiment, three supports are used to fix the three pressure roller frames located at the head, middle and tail of the crossbeam, respectively.

[0038] In this embodiment, a transmission component for rotating the pressure roller 189 is also connected between the pressure roller 189 and the crossbeam 181. The transmission component includes a connecting arm and a pulley disposed between the two connecting arms. One end of the connecting arm and the pulley is sleeved on a support located in the middle of the crossbeam 1811, and the other end is sleeved on the pressure roller 189. The belt wound on the two pulleys rotates with the second reduction motor 186 connected to one pulley, simultaneously driving the pressure roller 189 to rotate in the opposite direction to the drum 185. An angle sensor 182 connected to a PLC controller is also provided on the connecting arm. The angle sensor 182 is used to detect the relative angle between the pressure roller frame 1811 and the crossbeam 181 in real time. By collecting the instantaneous angle data, the speed of the second reduction motor 186 is adjusted by the PLC controller to ensure that the linear velocity of the pressure roller 189 is always the same as the linear velocity of the drum 185 at the point where the dust curtain 184 cuts in. When the dust curtain 184 is completely wound onto the roller 185, the angle sensor 182 sends a signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller then issues a stop command and automatically switches to reverse mode. Upon the next power-on, the dust curtain 184 will automatically begin its lowering / lowering action. When the dust curtain 184 has completely lowered / lowered, the angle sensor 182 sends a signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller then issues a stop command and automatically switches to reverse mode. Upon the next power-on, the dust curtain 184 will automatically begin its winding / rewinding action.

[0039] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dust suppression hood device, characterized in that, The dust suppression hood comprises a supporting structure and a lightweight membrane enclosed around the supporting structure. A belt curtain and lining are suspended above the inlet of the dust suppression hood to isolate the inside from the outside. Three negative pressure explosion-proof fans are installed above the unloading inlet to guide the circulation of dust-laden gas. The negative pressure explosion-proof fan located at the center of the unloading inlet leads to three retractable air ducts. One retractable air duct is located at the center of the unloading side with its outlet facing the ground, while the outlets of the other two air ducts face the sides of the unloading inlet. A grate is installed above the inner wall of the dust suppression hood, and dust suppression brushes are suspended on the grate to trap dust carried by the dust-laden airflow. An inner sail is attached to the inner wall of the dust suppression hood, located at the center inside the hood and perpendicular to the direction of vehicle entry, to prevent ambient wind from creating drafts as it passes through the dust suppression hood. The negative pressure explosion-proof fan is equipped with a keel, and a dust removal filter bag is wrapped around the outside of the keel; When the negative pressure explosion-proof fan rotates forward, it is used to guide the circulation trajectory of the dust-laden gas; when the negative pressure explosion-proof fan rotates in reverse, it is used to remove dust from the filter bag. A curtain lifting transmission device replaces the belt-driven curtain. This device includes a crossbeam, an angle sensor, a first geared motor, a dustproof curtain, a roller, a second geared motor, a pulley, a belt, a pressure roller, a spring, and a pressure roller frame. The crossbeam is fixedly connected to the longitudinal beam of the door frame at the dust suppression hood's inlet / outlet. The pressure roller is pressed against the dustproof curtain by the pressure roller frame. One end of the pressure roller frame is fixed to the crossbeam via a support, and the other end is sleeved on the pressure roller. The support is equipped with a spring for returning the swing arm to its original position, and the free end of the spring is hooked onto the swing arm. The output shaft of the first geared motor, fixed to one end of the crossbeam, is connected to the roller and drives it to rotate. The dustproof curtain wraps around the roller and rolls up or falls as the roller rotates. A transmission component for rotating the pressure roller is connected between the pressure roller and the crossbeam. The transmission component includes a connecting arm and a pulley disposed between the two connecting arms. One end of the connecting arm and the pulley is sleeved on another support of the crossbeam, and the other end is sleeved on the pressure roller. The belt wound on the two pulleys rotates with the second reduction motor connected to one pulley, which in turn drives the pressure roller to rotate in the opposite direction to the roller. An angle sensor connected to a PLC controller is also provided on the connecting arm for real-time detection of the relative angle between the pressure roller frame and the crossbeam. The PLC controller is also connected to the first reduction motor and the second reduction motor. The feedback signal from the angle sensor controls the forward and reverse rotation of the first reduction motor and the second reduction motor to realize the winding or unwinding of the dust curtain.

2. The dust suppression hood device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The gap between the inner sail and the light membrane is sealed by a belt.

3. The dust suppression hood device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A steel beam corridor is erected above the dust suppression brush inside the dust suppression hood, and the steel beam corridor is covered with a floor slab for personnel to carry out maintenance and repair.

4. The dust suppression hood device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An infrared sensor is installed at the vehicle inlet / outlet to monitor the entire unloading process. A camera and a dust concentration monitor are installed on the dust suppression cover. The infrared sensor, camera, and dust concentration monitor are connected to the electronic control platform.

5. The dust suppression hood device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the keel has a conical structure.

6. The dust suppression hood device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the four corners above the dust suppression hood is equipped with a first duct for guiding the ambient airflow. The air inlet of the first duct is parallel to the vehicle entry direction of the dust suppression hood, and the air outlet of the first duct faces the ground.

7. The dust suppression hood device as claimed in claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, A second duct is also installed on the edge above the vehicle inlet outside the dust suppression cover to divert ambient airflow.

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