A total station changing method based on shield small radius turning measurement guidance system

Abstract

The invention discloses a total station changing method based on a shield machine small radius turning measurement guidance system, comprising the following steps: S1: installing a forced centering base at the rear of a shield machine trolley; S2: selecting and installing a circular prism turning point; S3: selecting and installing a new station point; S4: measuring the coordinates of the circular prism turning point; S5: measuring the coordinates of a rear sight point and a new station; S6: inputting the coordinates of the new station into the guidance system, orienting, and ending the station shifting. When changing the station, the total station can be directly set at the new station to directly measure the coordinates, thereby avoiding the problems of large workload and cumbersome work caused by the narrow sight line of a small turning radius and the need for multiple transfer stations to observe the new station in the prior art, and solving the problems of large workload and affecting the construction progress caused by the short limited observation distance and frequent station changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of shield small-radius turning construction, and in particular relates to a total station changing method based on a shield small-radius turning measurement and guidance system. Background Art

[0002] The station changing process of the total station in the shield measurement system is to select a new site, take the original site as the backsight point, then set up the total station at the encrypted wire point in the tunnel, measure the coordinates of the backsight point, then move the total station to the measured backsight point, and then measure the coordinates of the new site; when changing stations in small radius curve sections, the following problems will arise: due to line of sight obstruction, the original site cannot be directly observed from the tunnel encrypted wire point, and multiple original instrument bracket transfer stations are required to observe the new site; during the excavation of small turning radius curves, the effective wire distance of the total station is short, and station changes are frequent, while the traditional station changing process is complicated and cumbersome, delaying the construction progress; during the excavation of small turning radius curve sections of the shield, due to the difficulty in controlling the posture of the small radius curve, the deformation of the newly formed tunnel is large, the stability of the total station is poor, and due to line of sight obstruction, there is a lack of verification conditions, which leads to a large deviation between the shield posture and the formed tunnel, resulting in production quality problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a total station changing method based on a shield small radius turning measurement guidance system, comprising the following steps:

[0004] S1: The forced centering base is installed at the rear of the shield machine trolley;

[0005] S2: Selection and installation of the turning point of the circular prism: along the excavation direction of the shield machine, a number of circular prism connecting screws are installed on the top of the formed tunnel as the turning points of the tunnel conductor;

[0006] S3: new site selection and installation: a new site is selected in front of the original site of the total station along the tunneling direction of the shield machine, and the original site is used as a backsight point;

[0007] S4: Circular prism rotation point coordinate measurement: In the stopped state, the coordinates of the forced centering point of the trolley tail are measured using the known tunnel guide point, and then the total station is moved to the instrument forced centering base, and a suitable circular prism connecting screw is selected to install the circular prism and measure the coordinates of the prism;

[0008] S5: Coordinate measurement of the backsight point and the new station: observe the rotation point of the rear circular prism at the old station and the new station respectively, use the rear intersection method to orient, calculate the coordinates of the old and new stations, install the rear prism at the backsight point, measure the coordinates of the backsight point at the old and new stations respectively, and then move the total station to the new station;

[0009] S6: Input the coordinates of the new site into the guidance system, orient, and end the site move.

[0010] Furthermore, when the forced centering base is installed in S1, it is necessary to use a total station to detect the visibility of the forced centering base. The total station is set up on the instrument forced centering base, and the total station is used to observe the visibility between the instrument forced centering base and the guide wire point and the circular prism turning point. If there are no obstacles and the field of vision is good, it means that the instrument forced centering base meets the visibility requirements.

[0011] Furthermore, the distribution of the rotation points of the circular prisms in S2 should maintain good visibility with the forced centering base.

[0012] Furthermore, the new site in S3 should maintain good visibility with the circular prism turning point.

[0013] Furthermore, when S4 measures the coordinates of the turning point, first install a prism on the forced centering base, use the known wire point at the rear to measure the prism coordinates of the forced centering base, then move the total station to the forced centering base, orient it with the rear wire point, select a suitable circular prism connecting screw to install the circular prism, turn the circular prism to the total station, and use the total station to measure the coordinates of the circular prism.

[0014] Furthermore, when S5 measures the coordinates of the old site and the new site, the total station is first installed at the old site, and the circular prism in S4 is used as a known point. The old site adopts rear intersection orientation and calculates the coordinates of the old site, and measures the coordinates of the backsight point. The measurement method of the new site is the same as above.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention lie in that: the station changing method of the present invention installs multiple circular prism turning points on the top of the shield machine trolley to form the tunnel. When changing stations, the total station can be directly set at the new station to directly measure the coordinates, avoiding the problems of large workload and cumbersome work caused by the narrow line of sight of the small turning radius and the need for multiple turning stations to observe the new station in the prior art, and solving the problem of large workload caused by frequent station changing due to the limited observation distance and short distance, which affects the construction progress; and the circular prism turning points can be reused, and only the last circular prism needs to be removed and installed at the front according to the progress, and the remaining prisms do not need to be changed. This method greatly improves the measurement and station changing efficiency in small turning radius curve excavation, saves the operating time of the shield machine due to the measurement link during the small radius curve excavation, and speeds up the progress of the project construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The present invention provides a station changing flow chart of a total station changing method based on a shield small radius turning measurement and guidance system;

[0017] Figure 2is an instrument and equipment layout diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] In the figure: 1. Formed tunnel; 2. Shield machine; 3. Measurement and guidance system laser target; 4. Trolley No. 1; 5. Total station; 51. Observation line of sight; 52. New site; 6. Trolley No. 2; 7. First rear-view prism; 8. Trolley No. 3; 9. Prism No. 1; 91. Screw No. 1; 10. Prism No. 2; 101. Screw No. 2; 11. Second rear-view prism; 12. Prism No. 3; 121. Screw No. 3; 13. Prism No. 4, 131. Screw No. 4; 14. Trolley No. 4; 15. Trolley No. 5; 16. Forced centering base. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. The following embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operation processes are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0020] A total station changing method based on a shield small radius turning measurement guidance system comprises the following steps:

[0021] S1: The forced centering base 16 is installed at the rear of the shield machine trolley;

[0022] S2: Along the excavation direction of the shield machine 2, a plurality of circular prism connecting screws are installed on the top of the formed tunnel 1 as turning points of the tunnel conductor;

[0023] S3: new site selection and installation: a new site is selected in front of the original site of the total station along the tunneling direction of the shield machine, and the original site is used as a backsight point;

[0024] S4: Circular prism rotation point coordinate measurement: In the stopped state, the coordinates of the forced centering point of the trolley tail are measured using the known tunnel guide point, and then the total station is moved to the instrument forced centering base, and a suitable circular prism connecting screw is selected to install the circular prism and measure the coordinates of the prism;

[0025] S5: Coordinate measurement of the backsight point and the new station: observe the rotation point of the rear circular prism at the old station and the new station respectively, use the rear intersection method to orient, calculate the coordinates of the old and new stations, install the rear prism at the backsight point, measure the coordinates of the backsight point at the old and new stations respectively, and then move the total station to the new station;

[0026] S6: Input the coordinates of the new site into the guidance system, orient, and end the site move.

[0027] Furthermore, when the forced centering base is installed in S1, it is necessary to use a total station to detect the visibility of the forced centering base. The total station is set up on the instrument forced centering base, and the total station is used to observe the visibility between the instrument forced centering base and the guide wire point and the circular prism turning point. If there are no obstacles and the field of vision is good, it means that the instrument forced centering base meets the visibility requirements.

[0028] Furthermore, the distribution of the rotation points of the circular prisms in S2 should maintain good visibility with the forced centering base.

[0029] Furthermore, the new site in S3 should maintain good visibility with the circular prism turning point.

[0030] Furthermore, when S4 measures the coordinates of the turning point, first install a prism on the forced centering base, use the known wire point at the rear to measure the prism coordinates of the forced centering base, then move the total station to the forced centering base, orient it with the rear wire point, select a suitable circular prism connecting screw to install the circular prism, turn the circular prism to the total station, and use the total station to measure the coordinates of the circular prism.

[0031] Furthermore, when S5 measures the coordinates of the old site and the new site, the total station is first installed at the old site, and the circular prism in S4 is used as a known point. The old site adopts rear intersection orientation and calculates the coordinates of the old site, and measures the coordinates of the backsight point. The measurement method of the new site is the same as above.

[0032] The specific use and measurement principle of the total station are existing technologies. When installing the forced centering base for the first time, you should carefully observe the front and rear sight areas and choose the most advantageous position for observation. This device can be used permanently. When measuring the coordinates of the forced centering base, it should be ensured that it is in the shutdown state.

[0033] The selection of circular prism points is the key point of the implementation of this invention method, and the points should be avoided as much as possible. When selecting points, the visibility with the forced centering base and the new station, as well as the effective observation distance, should be considered. It is best to choose the middle of the pipe segment, and consider the angle and distance between points, so that the points are reasonably distributed and cannot form a straight line with the station.

[0034] When setting up the instrument at the new and old sites, three circular prism rotation points can be selected as rear intersection orientation points, and the remaining circular prisms can be used as verification points. The coordinates of the rearview prism can also be measured and compared with the previous time to form new verification conditions.

[0035] After completing the coordinate measurement of the new site, the original rear-view prism can be used as the orientation point of the guidance system. This method lengthens the rear-view orientation distance and increases the reliability of the measurement.

[0036] Because the shield has a short limited observation distance when tunneling on a curve with a small turning radius, a new station can be directly installed, and the circular prism turning point can be measured to complete the total station move. When the station needs to be changed next time, re-measure from the rear guide point to the new station and repeat the above steps S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5. After many verifications, this method can be directly used to change stations in tunneling with a small turning radius, and the tunneling posture is within the allowable value range after comparison.

[0037] After repeated use, the station change time can be controlled within 1 hour, which greatly improves efficiency.

[0038] Example:

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of instruments and devices of the present invention when it is applied. A No. 1 trolley 4, a No. 2 trolley 6, a No. 3 trolley 8, a No. 4 trolley 14 and a No. 5 trolley 15 are arranged in the forming tunnel 1, a measuring guide system laser target 3 is arranged at one end of the forming tunnel 1, and a forced centering base 16 is arranged at the other end of the forming tunnel 1. A No. 1 screw 91, a No. 2 screw 101, a No. 3 screw 121 and a No. 4 screw 131 are also arranged on the top of the forming tunnel 1, a No. 1 prism 9 is connected to the No. 1 screw 91, a No. 2 prism 10 is connected to the No. 2 screw 101, a No. 3 prism 121 is connected to the No. 3 screw 121, and a No. 4 prism 13 is connected to the No. 4 screw 131. A first rear-view prism 7 and a second rear-view prism 11 are arranged at the bottom of the forming tunnel 1, and a new station and an old station are arranged at the bottom of the forming tunnel.

[0040] The preferred specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above. It should be understood that ordinary technicians in the field can make many modifications and changes based on the concept of the present invention without creative work. Therefore, all technical solutions that can be obtained by technicians in the technical field based on the concept of the present invention through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims

1. A total station changing method based on a shield small radius turning measurement guidance system, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The forced centering base is installed at the rear of the shield machine trolley; S2: Selection and installation of circular prism turning points: along the tunneling direction of the shield machine, several circular prism connecting screws are installed on the top of the formed tunnel as turning points of the tunnel conductor; S3: new site selection and installation: a new site is selected in front of the original site of the total station along the tunneling direction of the shield machine, and the original site is used as a backsight point; S4: Circular prism rotation point coordinate measurement: In the stopped state, the coordinates of the forced centering point of the trolley tail are measured using the known tunnel guide point, and then the total station is moved to the instrument forced centering base, and a suitable circular prism connecting screw is selected to install the circular prism and measure the coordinates of the prism; S5: Coordinate measurement of the backsight point and the new station: observe the rotation point of the rear circular prism at the old station and the new station respectively, use the rear intersection method to orient, calculate the coordinates of the old and new stations, install the rear prism at the backsight point, measure the coordinates of the backsight point at the old and new stations respectively, and then move the total station to the new station; S6: Input the coordinates of the new site into the guidance system, orient, and end the site transfer; When measuring the coordinates of the old site and the new site in S5, the total station is first installed at the old site, and the circular prism in S4 is used as a known point. The old site adopts rear intersection orientation and calculates the coordinates of the old site, and measures the backsight point coordinates. The measurement method of the new site is the same as the method for measuring the old site.

2. According to claim 1, a total station changing method based on a shield small radius turning measurement guidance system is characterized in that: When installing the forced centering base in S1, it is necessary to use a total station to detect the visibility of the forced centering base. The total station is set up on the instrument forced centering base, and the total station is used to observe the visibility between the instrument forced centering base and the guide wire point and the circular prism turning point. If there are no obstacles and the field of vision is good, it means that the instrument forced centering base meets the visibility requirements.

3. The method for changing stations of a total station based on a shield small radius turning measurement and guidance system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The distribution of the rotation points of the circular prism in S2 should maintain good visibility with the forced centering base.

4. The method for changing stations of a total station based on a shield small radius turning measurement and guidance system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The new site in S3 should maintain good visibility with the circular prism turning point.

5. The method for changing stations of a total station based on a shield small radius turning measurement and guidance system according to claim 4 is characterized in that: When S4 measures the coordinates of the turning point, first install a prism on the forced centering base, use the known wire point at the rear to orient and measure the prism coordinates of the forced centering base, then move the total station to the forced centering base, orient it to the rear wire point, select a suitable circular prism connecting screw to install the circular prism, turn the circular prism to the total station, and use the total station to measure the coordinates of the circular prism.

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