An energy-saving permanent magnet motor

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of motor technology, and more particularly to an energy-saving permanent magnet motor. The permanent magnet motor comprises a motor body, rotatably provided with a rotating shaft, on which a rotor is sleeved. The permanent magnet motor also comprises a fan rotatably provided on the motor body, a transmission shaft coaxial with the rotating shaft being fixed to the center of the fan, a circular groove being defined at one end of the transmission shaft near the rotating shaft, a transmission member extending into the circular groove being fixed at one end of the rotating shaft, a plurality of chutes being defined on the sidewall of the transmission member, a slider being slidably provided within the chutes, the inner end of the slider being connected to the bottom of the chutes via an elastic member. When the rotor speed is lower than the speed n, the outer end of the slider is separated from the inner wall of the circular groove by the action of the elastic member. When the rotor speed is greater than or equal to the speed n, the slider partially extends out of the chutes under the action of centrifugal force, causing the outer end of the slider to abut against the inner wall of the circular groove. The permanent magnet motor has advantages such as energy saving.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of motor technology, and in particular to an energy-saving permanent magnet motor. Background Art

[0002] With the development of power electronics technology, servo motors have been widely used in various industries. Their working principle is to convert the received electrical signal into angular displacement or angular velocity output on the servo motor shaft. They are easy to control, small in size and light in weight, with large output power and torque, and convenient speed regulation. They have been widely used in recent years. However, since the motor needs to rotate at high speed during output, the temperature of the bearings will rise rapidly. If it is a servo motor, the encoder of the servo motor will also heat up due to heat conduction, causing damage to the bearings and encoder.

[0003] In the prior art, to dissipate heat, a motor has a vent on its rear cover. Inside the rear cover is a cooling fan, which is coaxially fixed to the motor's shaft. When the motor is running, the shaft rotates, driving the fan and creating airflow to dissipate heat from the motor.

[0004] The inventors have found that the heat generated by the motor is not high for a period of time after it is started. At this time, the cooling fan following the rotating shaft will cause energy waste, which needs to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to improve the efficiency of a motor, the present application provides an energy-saving permanent magnet motor.

[0006] The energy-saving permanent magnet motor provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] The transmission gear of the present invention is a gear which is connected with the transmission gear of the present invention to the gear train of the motor and the gear train of the motor, and the gear train of the motor is connected with the gear train of the motor to the gear train of the motor.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the motor is running at low speed, the speed of the rotor is lower than n. At this time, the centrifugal force on the slider is small. Therefore, under the action of the elastic member, the outer end of the slider can be separated from the inner wall of the circular groove of the fan drive shaft, so that the shaft does not drive the fan to rotate, reducing the energy consumption of the motor when rotating at low speed. The heat generated by the motor at low speed is less, and there is no need to dissipate heat through the fan; when the motor speed is greater than or equal to the speed n, the centrifugal force on the slider is large, so it can overcome the elastic force of the elastic member and partially slide out of the slide groove, so that the outer end of the slider is pressed against the inner wall of the circular groove, thereby driving the fan to rotate for heat dissipation. In this application, the coupling of the slider and the elastic member is used to achieve the clutch of the shaft and the fan drive shaft. When the speed reaches the level required for heat dissipation, the shaft and the fan drive shaft can be automatically connected to achieve transmission until the motor speed decreases, and the two are separated to ensure that the fan is always in a heat dissipation state when the shaft speed is high, effectively reducing the overall temperature of the motor, thereby saving the overall energy consumption of the motor.

[0009] Preferably, the sliding grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference of the transmission member, and the outer end of the sliding block has an arc-shaped friction surface that can be tightly pressed against the inner wall of the circular groove.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, an arc-shaped friction surface is provided at the outer end of the slider, ensuring that the outer end of the slider can have a larger contact area when pressed against the circular groove, and the friction force generated is also larger, which can better drive the fan to rotate.

[0011] Preferably, the elastic member includes a tension spring, an inner end of the tension spring is connected to the bottom of the slide groove, and an outer end of the tension spring is connected to the inner end of the slider.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when the shaft speed is lower than n, the slider can be separated from the inner wall of the circular groove under the action of the tension spring; when the shaft speed is higher than n, the slider is subjected to a large centrifugal force, which can overcome the action of the tension spring and press tightly against the circular groove.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the rotating shaft has a shoulder portion 1, and the transmission member has a shoulder portion 2 corresponding to the shoulder portion 1, a rubber pad is arranged between the shoulder portion 1 and the shoulder portion 2, the shoulder portion 1 is provided with a plurality of through holes 1 along its own circumference, the rubber pad is provided with a through hole 2 connected to the through hole 1, the shoulder portion 2 is provided with a threaded hole connected to the through hole 2, bolts are simultaneously inserted into the through hole 1, the through hole 2 and the threaded hole, and the axial length d1 of the transmission member is less than the axial length d2 of the rubber pad.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when installation is required, the transmission part can be placed in the annular groove of the transmission shaft first, and then the rubber pad can be placed between the first shoulder portion and the second shoulder portion, and finally the bolt can be tightened; when the transmission part needs to be replaced, the bolt is unscrewed and the rubber pad is removed. The axial length d1 of the transmission part is smaller than the axial length d2 of the rubber pad, so the transmission part can be directly taken out of the circular groove without disassembling the rotating shaft or the transmission shaft, which is convenient and quick to operate.

[0015] Preferably, the rotating shaft is a hollow shaft, the side wall of the rotating shaft is provided with a radial through hole connected to the interior of the rotating shaft, the end of the rubber pad close to the shaft shoulder is provided with an oil storage tank, and the shaft shoulder is provided with a channel connecting the interior of the rotating shaft and the oil storage tank.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, lubricating oil can be stored on the rubber pad, and the lubricating oil enters the interior of the rotating shaft through the channel on the shaft shoulder. When the rotating shaft rotates, the lubricating oil can be thrown out from the rotating shaft through the radial through hole to lubricate the components inside the motor.

[0017] Preferably, the opening of the oil storage tank has several fan-shaped elastic sealing flaps, one arc-shaped end of the elastic sealing flap is connected to the rubber pad, the side surfaces of adjacent elastic sealing flaps fit together, and the elastic sealing flaps are combined to form a circular sealing portion; the outer edge of the channel of the shoulder portion has an annular protrusion that can push open the elastic sealing flap.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when replacing the transmission parts during routine maintenance, the rubber pad needs to be removed first. At this time, lubricating oil can be added to the oil storage tank of the rubber pad. Since an elastic sealing flap is provided at the opening of the oil storage tank and the lubricating oil itself is viscous, the lubricating oil will not leak from the oil storage tank in a short time; and when the rubber pad is installed between the first shoulder part and the second shoulder part, the annular protrusion on the first shoulder part can push open the elastic sealing flap, and the lubricating oil in the oil storage tank can enter the interior of the rotating shaft through the channel and be thrown out from the radial through hole to lubricate the motor; so that when replacing and maintaining the transmission parts, the inside of the motor can be lubricated by adding lubricating oil to the rubber pad.

[0019] Preferably, an oil tank is provided in the motor body, and the oil tank is located directly below the rotating shaft. A temperature sensor is provided in the oil tank, and the temperature sensor is connected to a controller, and the controller is connected to a voice broadcast unit; when the real-time temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds a predetermined temperature, the controller can send a broadcast instruction to the voice broadcast unit.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, after the lubricating oil is thrown out from the inside of the rotating shaft, it lubricates the various components of the motor such as the rotor and bearings, and finally flows into the oil tank. During this process, the lubricating oil will take away a certain amount of heat. The temperature sensor can convert the temperature of the lubricating oil into a signal and transmit it to the controller. The controller reminds the operator to replace the transmission parts or detect faults through the voice broadcast unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 This is an appearance diagram of the permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Magnified view of part A.

[0024] Explanation of the accompanying symbols: 1. Motor body; 2. Rotating shaft; 3. Rotor; 4. Fan; 5. Transmission shaft; 6. Circular groove; 7. Transmission member; 8. Slide groove; 9. Slider; 10. Elastic member; 11. Shoulder portion 1; 12. Shoulder portion 2; 13. Rubber pad; 14. Bolt; 15. Radial through hole; 16. Oil storage tank; 17. Channel; 18. Elastic sealing flap; 19. Annular protrusion; 20. Oil storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following is combined with Figure 1-3 This application is described in further detail.

[0026] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the permanent magnet motor includes a motor body 1 , the motor body 1 is rotatably provided with a rotating shaft 2 , and a rotor 3 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 2 .

[0027] Specifically, a plurality of bearings coaxial with the rotating shaft 2 are fixed in the motor body 1, and the rotating shaft 2 is fixed to the inner ring of the bearing, so that the rotating shaft 2 can be rotatably arranged on the motor body 1. Of course, as another solution, a shaft sleeve can also be provided on the motor body 1, and the rotating shaft 2 and the shaft sleeve can also be rotatably matched.

[0028] The connection between the rotor 3 and the rotating shaft 2 can be achieved by keyway fitting, connecting parts or riveting.

[0029] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 As shown, the permanent magnet motor further includes a fan 4 rotatably arranged on the motor body 1 , and a transmission shaft 5 coaxial with the rotating shaft 2 is fixed at the center of the fan 4 .

[0030] Specifically, motor body 1 can also be designed with a bearing or sleeve, with drive shaft 5 fixed to the inner ring of the bearing or rotatingly engaged with the sleeve. Fan 4 is located at the rear end of drive shaft 5, near the rear end cover of the motor. A baffle is provided between the fan and the inner cavity of motor body 1. The baffle has ventilation holes for airflow, which cooperate with the fan to achieve heat dissipation.

[0031] It should be noted that the individual fan blades in this embodiment are "L"-shaped. As other solutions, the shape and number of the fan blades can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0032] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, a circular groove 6 is formed at one end of the transmission shaft 5 close to the rotating shaft 2 , and a transmission member 7 extending into the circular groove 6 is fixed at one end of the rotating shaft 2 .

[0033] Specifically, the transmission member 7 is cylindrical, and the rotating shaft 2 , the transmission shaft 5 , the circular groove 6 and the transmission member 7 are coaxially arranged, with a gap between the transmission member 7 and the inner wall of the circular groove 6 .

[0034] Preferably, one end of the rotating shaft 2 has a shaft shoulder portion 11, and the shaft shoulder portion 11 can be designed in the form of a flange and fixed to the rotating shaft 2 by welding or the like, or can be designed to be integrally formed with the rotating shaft 2.

[0035] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the transmission member 7 has a second shoulder portion 12 corresponding to the first shoulder portion 11. The second shoulder portion 12 corresponds to the first shoulder portion 11, meaning that the two are coaxially arranged and can achieve transmission. The shoulder portion 12 can also be designed as a flange, or it can be designed to be integral with the transmission member 7. Its specific form is preferably the same as that of the first shoulder portion 11. Of course, transmission can also be achieved if the two forms are different.

[0036] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, a rubber pad 13 is provided between the first shoulder portion 11 and the second shoulder portion 12 .

[0037] Specifically, the front end and rear end of the rubber pad 13 are respectively abutted against the shoulder portion 11 and the shoulder portion 2 12. As for the connection of the three structures, in this embodiment, the shoulder portion 11 is provided with a plurality of through holes 1 along its circumference, the rubber pad 13 is provided with a through hole 2 connected to the through hole 1, and the shoulder portion 2 12 is provided with a threaded hole connected to the through hole 2. Bolts 14 are inserted into the through hole 1, the through hole 2 and the threaded hole at the same time.

[0038] In this embodiment, a rubber pad 13 is provided, and the transmission member 7 is indirectly fixed to the rotating shaft 2, facilitating later replacement and maintenance of the transmission member. The axial length d1 of the transmission member 7 is less than the axial length d2 of the rubber pad 13. When the transmission member 7 needs to be replaced, the rubber pad 13 can be removed first, freeing up space for the transmission member 7 to be removed from the circular groove 6, making replacement easier without removing the rotating shaft or transmission shaft. Alternatively, the rubber pad 13 can be eliminated, and the transmission member 7 can be directly fixed to the rotating shaft 2.

[0039] In order to further enrich the function of the rubber pad 13, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the rotating shaft 2 is a hollow shaft, and the side wall of the rotating shaft 2 is provided with a radial through hole 15 connected to the interior of the rotating shaft 2, and the rubber pad 13 is provided with an oil storage tank 16 at one end near the shaft shoulder portion 11, and the shaft shoulder portion 11 is provided with a channel 17 connecting the interior of the rotating shaft 2 and the oil storage tank 16.

[0040] The front end of the rotating shaft 2 is a closed end, and the open end of the rotating shaft 2 is a rear end. The shoulder portion 11 is fixed to the rear end of the rotating shaft 2. There are two rows of radial through holes 15, which are symmetrically distributed about the axis of the rotating shaft 2, and the distances between the radial through holes 15 in the same row are equal.

[0041] In this application, the shaft 2 is preferably a hollow shaft to reduce the load on the shaft 2 and also provide lubrication. However, the shaft 2 is not limited to this structure. The shaft 2 can also be a solid shaft or other forms, and can also be coupled to the fan 4 drive shaft 5 through the transmission member 7.

[0042] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the oil storage tank 16 is in a convex shape, and the opening of the oil storage tank 16 is close to the shaft shoulder portion 11 and can be connected to the channel 17 on the shaft shoulder portion 11.

[0043] Specifically, the opening of the oil storage tank 16 has a plurality of fan-shaped elastic sealing petals 18, one arc-shaped end of the elastic sealing petal 18 is connected to the rubber pad 13, and the side surfaces of adjacent elastic sealing petals 18 fit together, and the elastic sealing petals 18 are combined to form a circular sealing portion.

[0044] Each elastic sealing flap 18 is of equal shape and size. They can be integrally formed with the rubber pad 13, and the elastic sealing flap 18 itself can be made entirely of rubber. Alternatively, the elastic sealing flap 18 can be separate from the rubber pad 13, articulated to the rubber pad 13 via a hinged axis, and employing a torsion spring to provide an elastic preload. The elastic sealing flap 18 can also be constructed by combining sheet metal and rubber to extend its service life.

[0045] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the outer edge of the channel 17 of the shoulder portion 11 is provided with an annular protrusion 19 capable of pushing open the elastic sealing flap 18.

[0046] Specifically, annular protrusion 19 is integral with shaft shoulder portion 11. Alternatively, a separate design may be employed, connected via welding, retaining springs, screws, rivets, or other methods. Once rubber pad 13 is installed, annular protrusion 19 contacts a portion of the curved elastic sealing flap 18, pushing the elastic sealing flap 18 a certain distance into oil reservoir 16. This creates space between the elastic sealing flaps 18 for lubricating oil to flow from oil reservoir 16 to channel 17.

[0047] It should be noted that the annular protrusion 19 itself can be a one-piece type, or a plurality of protrusions can be combined to form the annular protrusion 19 .

[0048] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, an oil tank 20 is provided in the motor body 1 , and the oil tank 20 is located directly below the rotating shaft 2 .

[0049] The oil tank 20 can be directly opened on the motor body 1, or can be designed as a box-type structure and fixed in the motor body 1 by welding, fasteners, etc., with its opening aligned with the rotating shaft 2.

[0050] In order to facilitate users to understand the motor temperature in real time, a temperature sensor is provided in the oil tank 20, the temperature sensor is connected to a controller, and the controller is connected to a voice broadcast unit; when the real-time temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds the predetermined temperature, the controller can send a broadcast instruction to the voice broadcast unit.

[0051] The oil collected in the oil tank 20 can be the oil thrown out by the rotating shaft 2, or the oil generated when lubricating or cooling other components inside the motor. Among them, the voice broadcast unit can be a speaker fixed on the motor body 1, or it can be a small program or software designed for a remote terminal such as a user's mobile phone or computer. When the real-time temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds the preset temperature, the controller sends an instruction to the small program or software on the remote terminal, causing the speaker on the remote terminal to issue a reminder.

[0052] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, a plurality of slide grooves 8 are provided on the side wall of the transmission member 7 , and a slider 9 is slidably provided in the slide groove 8 , and the inner end of the slider 9 is connected to the bottom of the slide groove 8 through an elastic member 10 .

[0053] Specifically, the inner end of the chute 8 faces the center of the transmission member 7 , and the outer end of the chute 8 is an open end facing the circular groove 6 on the transmission shaft 5 . The chute 8 is evenly distributed around the circumference of the transmission member 7 .

[0054] In this embodiment, the elastic member 10 includes a tension spring, the inner end of the tension spring is connected to the bottom of the slide groove 8 , and the outer end of the tension spring is connected to the inner end of the slider 9 .

[0055] As another solution, the elastic member 10 may also be designed as an elastic cable, and the working principle of the elastic cable is the same as that of a tension spring.

[0056] There is a certain gap between the side surface of the slider 9 and the inner wall of the slide groove 8 to ensure that the slider 9 can move toward the circular groove 6 under the action of centrifugal force, or be reset under the use of the elastic member 10.

[0057] The outer end of the slider 9 has an arc-shaped friction surface that can be tightly pressed against the inner wall of the circular groove 6. The arc-shaped friction surface can be made of a corresponding material according to actual needs, such as wear-resistant or shock-absorbing materials, and the arc-shaped friction surface can be connected to the slider 9 by spraying, welding, etc.

[0058] Here's how this application works:

[0059] The speed n of rotor 3 is preset so that fan 4 can rotate or not rotate when the real-time speed of rotor 3 relative to the preset speed n satisfies the following conditions. The speed n is a preset value that can be adjusted by adjusting the elastic force of elastic member 10, the length and weight of slider 9, etc.

[0060] When the motor is running at low speed, the rotation speed of the rotor 3 is lower than n. At this time, the centrifugal force on the slider 9 is small. Therefore, under the action of the elastic member 10, the outer end of the slider 9 can be separated from the inner wall of the circular groove 6 of the drive shaft 5 of the fan 4, so that the shaft 2 does not drive the fan 4 to rotate, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the motor when rotating at low speed. The heat generated by the motor at low speed is less, and there is no need to dissipate heat through the fan 4;

[0061] When the motor speed is greater than or equal to the speed n, the centrifugal force applied to the slider 9 is large, so it can overcome the elastic force of the elastic member 10 and partially slide out of the slide groove 8, so that the outer end of the slider 9 is tightly pressed against the inner wall of the circular groove 6, thereby driving the fan 4 to rotate for heat dissipation.

[0062] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An energy-saving permanent magnet motor, characterized in that: The permanent magnet motor comprises a motor body (1), wherein the motor body (1) is rotatably provided with a rotating shaft (2), and the rotating shaft (2) is sleeved with a rotor (3); the permanent magnet motor further comprises a fan (4) rotatably provided on the motor body (1), a transmission shaft (5) coaxial with the rotating shaft (2) is fixed at the center of the fan (4), a circular groove (6) is provided at one end of the transmission shaft (5) close to the rotating shaft (2), a transmission member (7) extending into the circular groove (6) is fixed at one end of the rotating shaft (2), a plurality of slide grooves (8) are provided on the side wall of the transmission member (7), a slider (9) is slidably provided in the slide groove (8), and the inner end of the slider (9) is connected to the bottom of the slide groove (8) through an elastic member (10); when the rotation speed of the rotor (3) is lower than the rotation speed n, the outer end of the slider (9) is connected to the circular groove (6) under the action of the elastic member (10). The inner wall of the circular groove (6) is separated. When the rotation speed of the rotor (3) is greater than or equal to the rotation speed n, the slider (9) partially extends out of the slide groove (8) under the action of centrifugal force, so that the outer end of the slider (9) is tightly pressed against the inner wall of the circular groove (6); one end of the rotating shaft (2) has a shaft shoulder (11), the transmission member (7) has a shaft shoulder (12) corresponding to the shaft shoulder (11), a rubber pad (13) is provided between the shaft shoulder (11) and the shaft shoulder (12), the rotating shaft (2) is a hollow shaft, the side wall of the rotating shaft (2) is provided with a radial through hole (15) connected to the interior of the rotating shaft (2), the rubber pad (13) is provided with an oil storage tank (16) at one end close to the shaft shoulder (11), and the shaft shoulder (11) is provided with a channel (17) connecting the interior of the rotating shaft (2) and the oil storage tank (16).

2. The energy-saving permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding grooves (8) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the transmission member (7), and the outer end of the sliding block (9) has an arc-shaped friction surface capable of tightly contacting the inner wall of the circular groove (6).

3. The energy-saving permanent magnet motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic member (10) includes a tension spring, the inner end of the tension spring is connected to the bottom of the slide groove (8), and the outer end of the tension spring is connected to the inner end of the slider (9).

4. The energy-saving permanent magnet motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shaft shoulder portion (11) is provided with a plurality of through holes (1) along its circumference, the rubber pad (13) is provided with a through hole (2) connected to the through hole (1), the shaft shoulder portion (12) is provided with a threaded hole connected to the through hole (2), bolts (14) are inserted into the through hole (1), the through hole (2) and the threaded hole at the same time, and the axial length d1 of the transmission member (7) is smaller than the axial length d2 of the rubber pad (13).

5. The energy-saving permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The opening of the oil storage tank (16) is provided with a plurality of fan-shaped elastic sealing flaps (18), one arc-shaped end of the elastic sealing flap (18) is connected to the rubber pad (13), the side surfaces of adjacent elastic sealing flaps (18) are fitted together, and the elastic sealing flaps (18) are combined to form a circular sealing portion; the outer edge of the channel (17) of the shoulder portion (11) is provided with an annular protrusion (19) capable of pushing open the elastic sealing flap (18).

6. The energy-saving permanent magnet motor according to claim 5, characterized in that: An oil tank (20) is provided in the motor body (1), and the oil tank (20) is located directly below the rotating shaft (2). A temperature sensor is provided in the oil tank (20), and the temperature sensor is connected to a controller, and the controller is connected to a voice broadcast unit; when the real-time temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds a predetermined temperature, the controller can send a broadcast instruction to the voice broadcast unit.

7. The energy-saving permanent magnet motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The voice broadcast unit includes a program set on the user's remote terminal. The controller can send instructions to the program on the remote terminal, so that the program controls the speaker on the remote terminal to issue the broadcast instruction.

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