A hot extrusion molding device

Abstract

The application discloses a hot extrusion forming device, which comprises a rotating mechanism, a rotating belt, a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft and a preset feature structure; the rotating belt is used for conveying a preform along a preset conveying direction under the driving of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft; an extrusion part is used for extruding a blank into the preform; the extrusion part is provided with a wallboard cavity, the rotating belt is arranged in the wallboard cavity, and when the blank is extruded into the wallboard cavity, the preform with the second feature structure is formed based on the wallboard cavity and the first feature structure under the driving of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, and the preform is conveyed along the preset conveying direction. The application solves the technical problem that the quality of the extruded product with the feature structure in the prior art cannot meet the actual demand.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of metal manufacturing technology, and in particular to a hot extrusion forming apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of high-speed trains, aerospace, and automobiles, the demand for lightweight structural components is increasing significantly. The requirements for larger, thinner-walled, and more integrated components are becoming increasingly stringent. While meeting structural stiffness and strength requirements, component thickness is continuously being reduced, leading to increasingly complex extruded product structures and expanding applications in rail transportation, aircraft, and spacecraft.

[0003] Besides conventional wall panel structures, common extruded products also include complex structures, such as continuous extruded tubes or products with internal cavities where the wall panel has a protrusion perpendicular to the extrusion direction. Currently, complex extruded products are produced by first manufacturing conventional wall panels and then reinforcing them in subsequent processes by adding ribs or welding reinforcing blocks perpendicular to the extrusion direction on the inner wall. However, existing technologies suffer from low processing efficiency, poor consistency, and low surface accuracy. Furthermore, the addition of ribs or reinforcing blocks perpendicular to the extrusion direction on the inner wall depends heavily on the effects of subsequent processes, which are influenced by numerous factors. The presence of these features on the wall panel is a major challenge to the quality of such hot-extruded products.

[0004] Considering these shortcomings, there is a strong need to improve the hot extrusion equipment and manufacturing process. In particular, there is a need for a continuous hot extrusion equipment and method based on a follow-up extrusion method, which systematically and rationally combines the extrusion process and utilizes the material extrusion characteristics to achieve the manufacturing of local feature structures, especially continuously extruded pipes or products with internal cavity structures whose inner walls protrude perpendicular to the extrusion direction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem solved by this application is that, given the inadequacy of quality in extruded products with distinctive structures in existing technologies, this application provides a continuous hot extrusion forming apparatus. In the solution provided by this application's embodiments, a rotating belt is provided in the cavity of the preform wall panel, and a first distinctive structure is provided on the rotating belt. This allows the billet to be integrated with the wall panel cavity and the first distinctive structure during the preform extrusion process, forming a preform with a second distinctive structure. Because the integrated second distinctive structure on the preform not only creates a better extrusion flow line, consistency, and surface accuracy, but also avoids the impact on the quality of the preform caused by adding welded distinctive structures in subsequent processes.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a hot extrusion molding apparatus, comprising: a rotating mechanism and an extrusion section, wherein the rotating mechanism includes a first rotating shaft, a second rotating shaft, and a rotating belt; the rotating belt is provided with a first feature structure, and the rotating belt conveys a preform along a preset conveying direction under the drive of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft; the extrusion section is used to extrude a blank into a preform; wherein the extrusion section is provided with a wall cavity, and the rotating belt is disposed in the wall cavity, when the blank is extruded into the wall cavity, a preform having a second feature structure is formed based on the wall cavity and the first feature structure under the drive of the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, and the preform is conveyed along the preset conveying direction, wherein the second feature structure matches the first feature structure.

[0007] Optionally, the extrusion section further includes: an extrusion die, an extrusion sleeve, and a hot extrusion punch, wherein the extrusion sleeve is connected to the extrusion die and is used to carry the blank; the extrusion punch is connected to the extrusion sleeve and is used to extrude the blank carried by the extrusion sleeve into the wall cavity of the extrusion die, so that the preform is formed under the action of the wall cavity and the rotating mechanism.

[0008] Optionally, the first feature structure is a groove or a protrusion.

[0009] Optionally, the rotating belt includes a first layer and a second layer. The first layer has grooves or protrusions to form the first feature structure, and the second layer covers the first layer. The second layer is a strip-shaped metal material with a smooth surface that meets preset strength and flexibility requirements.

[0010] Optionally, the first feature structure has a preset draft angle.

[0011] Optionally, the rotation speed of the rotating belt driven by the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft is adjusted according to the speed at which the extrusion die extrudes the blank into a preform.

[0012] Optionally, a plurality of first feature structures are provided on the rotating belt, wherein the plurality of first feature structures are arranged in a manner of equal spacing, non-equal spacing, staggered arrangement, or topological arrangement on the rotating belt.

[0013] Optionally, the first feature structure is provided with a filler material of the same or different type as the blank, so that when the preform is generated, the filler material is added to the surface of the second feature structure to adjust the performance of the preform.

[0014] Optionally, the filler material is silicon carbide particles or a reinforcing material.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the solution provided in this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. In the solution provided in this application embodiment, by setting a rotating belt in the wall cavity of the preform wall panel and setting a first feature structure on the rotating belt, the billet is integrated with the wall cavity and the first feature structure during the preform extrusion process to form a preform with a second feature structure. Since the integrated second feature structure on the preform not only forms a better extrusion flow line, consistency, and surface accuracy, it also avoids affecting the quality of the preform by adding welding feature structures in subsequent processes.

[0017] 2. In the solution provided in the embodiments of this application, by controlling the arrangement of the first feature structure on the rotating belt, such as equal spacing, non-equal spacing, staggered arrangement, topology, etc., a variety of feature structures can be flexibly prepared on the prefabricated part to meet the design strength and assembly requirements.

[0018] 3. In the solution provided by the embodiments of this application, by adding the same or different types of filler materials to the first feature structure, the in-situ generation, surface modification, surface coating and surface functionalization of the surface composite material of the local feature structure can be realized. The surface composite material exhibits enhanced composite material properties on the surface, while retaining the properties of the base material.

[0019] 4. The solution provided in this application embodiment prefabricates reinforcing blocks or powder particles in the first feature structure, forming a strong metallurgical mechanical connection during a strong high-temperature extrusion flow process, providing the possibility of composite extrusion of the same or different materials, for producing hybrid structures with good interfacial bonding or for connecting structures made of different materials, wherein the different materials have good adhesion.

[0020] 5. The solution provided in the embodiments of this application has a solid-state manufacturing process, which is usually a single-step process. It does not require prior surface treatment, provides good dimensional stability, can well control the surface shape of the preform, increases the strength of local areas, improves the overall rigidity of the preform, and forms characteristic structures on the preform wall panel based on the flow of the billet, which helps to achieve excellent bonding characteristics with the preform wall panel. It has good flexibility and repeatability, and provides potential for process automation. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of a hot extrusion molding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 This application provides a schematic diagram of the structure of another hot extrusion molding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 A partially enlarged view of a rotating belt provided in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a prefabricated component provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0025] Figure 5A A cross-sectional profile view of a prefabricated component provided in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0026] Figure 5B A cross-sectional view showing the cross-sectional profile of a prefabricated component provided in an embodiment of this application is shown;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional streamline of a prefabricated component provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0028] Reference numerals: 1-Rotating mechanism; 2-Extrusion section; 11-First rotating shaft; 12-Second rotating shaft; 13-Rotating belt; 131-First feature structure; 132-First layer; 133-Second layer; 21-Extrusion die; 22-Extrusion sleeve; 23-Hot extrusion punch; 211-Wall panel cavity. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The embodiments described in this application are only a part of the embodiments, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] To better understand the above technical solutions, the technical solutions of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of this application and the specific features in the embodiments are detailed descriptions of the technical solutions of this application, rather than limitations on the technical solutions of this application. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of this application and the technical features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0031] When preparing extruded products, various shaped feature structures, such as grooves or protrusions, can be formed on the extruded product wall panel. Groove features include textured structures such as circular recesses, rectangular recesses, diamond-shaped recesses, pentagonal recesses, or honeycomb recesses; protrusion features include textured structures such as circular protrusions, rectangular protrusions, diamond-shaped protrusions, pentagonal protrusions, or honeycomb protrusions. It should be understood that the type of feature structure provided on the extruded product wall panel in the embodiments of this application can be set according to actual needs and is not limited herein. In order to set feature structures on the wall panel of the extruded product (hereinafter referred to as the preform) and ensure the quality of the extruded product, the embodiments of this application provide the following hot extrusion molding apparatus for preparing the extruded product.

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a hot extrusion molding apparatus provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0033] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the hot extrusion molding apparatus includes a rotating mechanism 1 and an extrusion section 2. The rotating mechanism 1 includes a first rotating shaft 11, a second rotating shaft 12, and a rotating belt 13. The rotating belt 13 is provided with a first feature structure 131. The rotating belt 13 conveys the preform along a preset conveying direction under the drive of the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 12.

[0034] Furthermore, the hot extrusion molding apparatus also includes an extrusion section 2. The extrusion section 2 is used to extrude the billet into a preform; wherein, the extrusion section 2 is provided with a wall cavity 211, and the rotating belt 13 is disposed in the wall cavity 211. When the billet is extruded into the wall cavity 211, under the drive of the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 12, a preform with a second feature structure is formed based on the wall cavity 211 and the first feature structure 131, and the preform is conveyed along a preset conveying direction, wherein the second feature structure matches the first feature structure 131.

[0035] For example, the first feature structure 131 is a groove or a protrusion. When the first feature structure 131 is a protrusion, the second feature structure on the wall panel of the preform prepared by the thermo-extrusion molding apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application is a groove that matches the protrusion; when the first feature structure 131 is a groove, the second feature structure on the wall panel of the preform prepared by the thermo-extrusion molding apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application is a protrusion that matches the groove.

[0036] In the solutions provided in the embodiments of this application, the prefabricated component can be a wall panel with a specific cross-sectional profile, such as a planar wall panel, an arc-shaped wall panel, a circular cross-section wall panel, or a trapezoidal cross-section wall panel. Furthermore, the second feature structure provided on the wall panel is also diverse; for example, the second feature structure can be a transverse rib, a longitudinal rib, or a crisscrossing rib. These structural features are clearly distributed on the inner and outer walls of the wall panel, not only possessing good performance but also forming specific textures, patterns, and other feature structures.

[0037] To facilitate understanding, the principle of the hot extrusion molding device is briefly introduced below.

[0038] See also Figure 1The wall panel cavity 211 is a hollow cavity, which includes an inlet and an outlet. The rotating belt 13 is placed in the wall panel cavity 211 under the action of the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 12. When the blank to be processed is input from the inlet of the wall panel cavity 211, the blank exhibits high plasticity at high temperature and moves along the inlet of the wall panel cavity 211 towards the outlet under the action of extrusion pressure. Furthermore, since the rotating belt 13 is located within the wall panel cavity 211 and is equipped with a first feature structure 131, when the blank is extruded into the wall panel cavity 211, on the one hand, a wall panel of the preform is formed based on the structure and shape of the wall panel cavity 211; on the other hand, a second feature structure matching the first feature structure 131 is formed on the wall panel of the preform. That is, under the simultaneous action of the wall panel cavity 211 and the first feature structure 131, the blank not only fully contacts the wall panel cavity 211 to form the wall panel of the preform, but also fully contacts the first feature structure 131 on the wall panel of the preform to form the second feature structure, and the wall panel and the second feature structure are integrally formed to obtain the preform. After the second feature structure is formed on the wall panel of the preform, the rotating belt 13, under the action of the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 12, conveys a portion of the second feature structure in the preform out of the wall panel cavity 211.

[0039] In the solution provided in this application embodiment, a rotating belt 13 is provided in the wall panel cavity 211 forming the preform wall panel, and a first feature structure 131 is provided on the rotating belt 13. This allows the billet to be integrated with the wall panel cavity 211 and the first feature structure 131 during the preform extrusion process, forming a preform with a second feature structure. Because the integrated second feature structure on the preform not only creates a better extrusion flow line, consistency, and surface accuracy, it also avoids affecting the quality of the preform by adding welding feature structures in subsequent processes.

[0040] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another hot extrusion molding apparatus provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0041] As an example, in order to extrude the blank into the wall panel cavity 211, the extrusion section 2 further includes: an extrusion die, an extrusion sleeve 22, and a hot extrusion punch 23, wherein the extrusion sleeve 22 is connected to the extrusion die 21 and is used to carry the blank; the extrusion punch 23 is connected to the extrusion sleeve 22 and is used to extrude the blank carried by the extrusion sleeve 22 into the wall panel cavity 211 of the extrusion die 21, so that the preform is formed under the action of the wall panel cavity 211 and the rotating mechanism 1.

[0042] In the solution provided in this application embodiment, since the hot extrusion molding apparatus needs to prepare preforms in a high-temperature environment, the rotating belt 13 needs to be able to withstand a certain high temperature; in addition, the rotating belt 13 needs to rotate under the action of the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 12, so the rotating belt 13 needs to have high flexibility. However, high flexibility may affect the stability of its shape, making it prone to deformation, which in turn affects the quality of the prepared preforms.

[0043] Figure 3 A partially enlarged view of a rotating belt provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0044] For example, see Figure 3 To further ensure the quality of the preform without affecting the performance of the rotating belt 13, the rotating belt 13 is configured with two layers: a first layer 132 and a second layer 133. The first layer 132 contacts the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 12, and is used to rotate under the drive of the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 12. In addition, grooves or protrusions are provided on the first layer 132 to form the first feature structure 131. The first layer 132 has the characteristics of high temperature resistance and high flexibility. The second layer 133 covers the first layer 132. The second layer 133 is a strip-shaped metal material with a smooth surface that meets the preset strength and flexibility requirements. Since the strip-shaped metal material of the second layer 133 has a certain strength, it can avoid deformation during the extrusion molding process of the blank to a certain extent, thereby improving the quality of the prepared preform.

[0045] As another example, in order to reduce damage during the preparation of the preform, the first feature structure 131 has a preset draft angle.

[0046] In the solution provided in this application embodiment, the rotation speed of the rotating belt 13 during the preform preparation process also affects the quality of the preform. For example, when the rotation speed of the rotating belt 13 is greater than the speed at which the billet is extruded into the preform, the billet may not have filled the first feature structure 131 on the rotating belt 13 before being conveyed out during the preform preparation process. This may result in the second feature structure on the preform that matches the first feature structure 131 not meeting the preset requirements, for example, the height of the second feature structure may not meet the specified value. As another example, when the rotation speed of the rotating belt 13 is less than the speed at which the billet is extruded into the preform, after one second feature structure is prepared on the preform's wall plate, that second feature structure area cannot be conveyed out in time for the preparation of the next second feature structure, thus affecting the preform preparation time and reducing the preform preparation efficiency. For example, the rotation speed of the rotating belt 13 driven by the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 12 is adjusted according to the speed at which the extrusion die 21 extrudes the billet into the preform. For example, the rotation speed of the rotating belt 13 is the same as or the same as the speed at which the billet is extruded into the preform. In the actual preform preparation process, the rotation speed of the rotating belt 13 and the speed at which the billet is extruded into the preform can be adjusted in combination with actual parameters (e.g., the density and hardness of the billet), and are not limited here.

[0047] As another example, in the solution provided in this application, the microstructure and internal streamline structure of the feature structure can be strictly controlled by controlling the process parameters of the hot extrusion molding apparatus, such as extrusion speed, extrusion ratio, preform wall thickness, height or depth of the feature structure (first feature structure or second feature structure), temperature, etc. Furthermore, the overall continuous extrusion structure length can be further controlled by controlling the distance between the rotating belt 131 and the first rotating shaft 11 and the second rotating shaft 12.

[0048] In the solution provided in this application, it may be necessary to fabricate multiple second feature structures on the preform. To fabricate multiple second feature structures on the preform, multiple first feature structures 131 need to be provided on the rotating belt 13. For example, the multiple first feature structures 131 are arranged at equal intervals, non-equal intervals, staggered arrangements, or topological arrangements on the rotating belt 13. Based on the arrangement of the multiple first feature structures 131 at equal intervals, non-equal intervals, staggered arrangements, or topological arrangements on the rotating belt 13, the resulting multiple second feature structures on the preform are also arranged at equal intervals, non-equal intervals, staggered arrangements, or topological arrangements.

[0049] For example, the precast component is a large aluminum alloy component with stiffened wall panels, and its shape is as follows: Figure 4As shown, the precast component has a wall panel thickness of 5mm and features a characteristic structure with multiple equally spaced intersecting ribs. The transverse ribs of this characteristic structure are 20mm long, 6mm wide, and 3mm high, while the longitudinal ribs are 10mm long, 6mm wide, and 3mm high. The component is produced using the hot extrusion molding apparatus provided in this embodiment at a temperature of 400–470℃. Figure 4 The prefabricated component shown.

[0050] For example, the prefabricated component is a 6005A aluminum alloy wall panel with a complex trapezoidal cross-section and internal ribs, such as... Figure 5A and Figure 5B The diagram shows the structure of the prefabricated component. Among them, Figure 5A A cross-sectional profile view of a prefabricated component provided in an embodiment of this application is shown; Figure 5B A cross-sectional view showing the cross-sectional profile of a prefabricated component provided in an embodiment of this application is shown.

[0051] In the solution provided in this application embodiment, by controlling the arrangement of the first feature structure 131 on the rotating belt 13, such as equal spacing, non-equal spacing, staggered arrangement, topology, etc., a variety of feature structures can be flexibly prepared on the prefabricated part to meet the design strength and assembly requirements.

[0052] As another example, the first feature structure 131 is provided with a filler material of the same or different type as the blank, so that when the preform is generated, the filler material is added to the surface of the second feature structure to adjust the performance of the preform.

[0053] In the solutions provided by the embodiments of this application, in-situ generation, surface modification, surface coating, and surface functionalization of local feature structure surface composite materials can be achieved by adding the same or different types of filler materials to the first feature structure 131. The surface composite material exhibits enhanced composite material properties on the surface while retaining the properties of the base material.

[0054] As another example, the filler material is silicon carbide particles or reinforcing material. For instance, pre-formed reinforcing blocks or powder particles in the first feature structure 131 form a strong metallurgical mechanical connection during a strong high-temperature extrusion flow process, providing the possibility of composite extrusion of the same or different materials, for producing hybrid structures with good interfacial bonding or for connecting structures made of different materials with good adhesion between them.

[0055] Furthermore, in the process of preparing preforms using the hot extrusion molding apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application, the preparation process is solid-state and is usually a single-step process. No prior surface treatment is required, which provides good dimensional stability, allows for good control of the surface shape of the preform, increases the strength of local areas, improves the overall rigidity of the preform, and forms characteristic structures on the preform wall based on the flow of the billet, which helps to achieve excellent bonding characteristics with the preform wall. It has good flexibility and repeatability, and provides potential for process automation.

[0056] To better understand the advantages of the above-mentioned hot extrusion molding apparatus, examples are given below.

[0057] For example, Figure 6 The diagram shown is a cross-sectional streamline diagram of a preform with a characteristic structure prepared using the hot extrusion molding apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6 It can be seen that the cross-sectional streamlines of the precast component are complete and uniform, which indicates that the precast component has good consistency and excellent mechanical properties.

[0058] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Therefore, if such modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application also intends to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A hot extrusion molding apparatus, characterized in that, include: The rotating mechanism (1) and the extrusion part (2), wherein, The rotating mechanism (1) includes a first rotating shaft (11) and a second rotating shaft (12) and a rotating belt (13); the rotating belt (13) is provided with a first feature structure (131), and the rotating belt (13) conveys the preform along a preset conveying direction under the drive of the first rotating shaft (11) and the second rotating shaft (12); The extrusion section (2) is used to extrude the billet into a preform; wherein, the extrusion section (2) is provided with a wall panel cavity (211), and the rotating belt (13) is provided in the wall panel cavity (211). When the billet is extruded into the wall panel cavity (211), under the drive of the first rotating shaft (11) and the second rotating shaft (12), a preform with a second feature structure is formed based on the wall panel cavity (211) and the first feature structure (131), and the preform is conveyed along a preset conveying direction, wherein the second feature structure matches the first feature structure (131); The extrusion section (2) includes: an extrusion die (21), an extrusion sleeve (22), and a hot extrusion punch (23), wherein, The extrusion sleeve (22) is connected to the extrusion die (21) and is used to carry the billet; The extrusion punch (23) is connected to the extrusion sleeve (22) and is used to extrude the blank carried by the extrusion sleeve (22) into the wall cavity (211) of the extrusion die (21), so that the preform is formed under the action of the wall cavity (211) and the rotating mechanism (1); The rotating belt (13) includes a first layer (132) and a second layer (133). The first layer (132) is provided with grooves or protrusions to form the first feature structure (131). The second layer (133) covers the first layer (132). The second layer (133) is a strip-shaped metal material with a smooth surface and meeting the preset strength and flexibility requirements.

2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The first feature structure (131) is a groove or a protrusion.

3. The apparatus as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first feature structure (131) has a preset draft angle.

4. The apparatus as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The first rotating shaft (11) and the second rotating shaft (12) drive the rotating belt (13) to rotate at a speed that is adjusted according to the speed at which the extrusion die (21) extrudes the blank into a preform.

5. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Multiple first feature structures (131) are provided on the rotating belt (13), wherein the multiple first feature structures (131) are arranged in a equidistant, non-equidistant, staggered or topological arrangement on the rotating belt (13).

6. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, in, The first feature structure (131) is provided with a filler material of the same or different type as the blank, so that when the preform is generated, the filler material is added to the surface of the second feature structure to adjust the performance of the preform.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, in, The filler material is silicon carbide particles.

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