A lightweight rotary window type quick-adjustment control valve

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the field of valve technology, and specifically relates to a lightweight rotary window type quick-adjusting control valve. The present invention includes a valve housing and a valve stem. The outer shape of the valve housing is sleeve-shaped, and the valve cavity of the valve housing constitutes a passage cavity for the passage of materials; a static plate is fixed in the valve cavity, and the surface of the static plate and the axis of the valve cavity intersect with each other; the valve cavity is divided into an inlet cavity and an outlet cavity with the static plate as the boundary, and a movable plate is provided at the inlet cavity, which is coaxial with or parallel to the static plate. The movable plate and the static plate are abutted against each other and both are provided with passage holes on their plate surfaces; a power shaft is coaxially arranged on the movable plate, and the power shaft extends into the outlet cavity after passing through the static plate; the valve stem can rotatably pass through the outer wall of the valve housing and extend into the outlet cavity, and the adjacent ends of the valve stem and the power shaft form a power match. The present invention has the advantages of being small and light, with a small action stroke, low installation space requirements, and an effective guarantee of service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of valves, and in particular relates to a lightweight rotary window type quick-adjusting control valve. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industrial technology, high-end manufacturing industries such as scientific research equipment have proposed design concepts that strive for higher reliability, lightweighting, and precision. For example, in the shipbuilding industry, the side exhaust system, a primary measure for infrared cooling and stealth, features a special gooseneck structure with very limited space. This places stringent requirements on the supporting control valves for long life, high reliability, and rapid response, while also placing strict restrictions on physical indicators such as size and weight. Another example is that in aviation support systems, in addition to requiring long life, small size, light weight, and precise adjustment for the supporting control valves, the valves must also be able to adjust quickly and accurately to the designed parameter values within seconds to meet the rapid refueling requirements of carrier-based aircraft and ensure the necessary sortie rate.

[0003] The control valves currently available on the market are typified by traditional globe control valves, which offer stable performance and are widely used in industries such as petroleum, chemical engineering, and water treatment. These industries primarily prioritize safe and stable operation of control valves while prioritizing cost-effectiveness, with relatively few compromises in other areas. However, with the advancement of weaponry performance, specialized applications such as surface ships and submarines are placing stringent demands on control valves for high reliability, lightweight design, miniaturization, and rapid response. Traditional control valves currently in service, however, face a range of issues, including erosion-prone trim, bulk, weight, slow response, and poor adjustment accuracy. These issues no longer meet the development needs and demands of these critical equipment, necessitating urgent solutions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a lightweight rotary window type quick-adjustable control valve, which has the advantages of being small and light, with a small operating stroke, low installation space requirements, and effectively guaranteed service life.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A lightweight rotary window type quick-adjustable control valve, comprising a valve housing and a valve stem, characterized in that: the valve housing is sleeve-shaped in appearance, and the valve housing valve cavity constitutes a passage cavity for the passage of materials; a static plate is fixed in the valve cavity, and the static plate surface and the valve cavity axis intersect with each other; the valve cavity is divided into an inlet cavity and an outlet cavity with the static plate as the boundary, and a movable plate is provided at the inlet cavity, which is coaxial with or parallel to the static plate, and the movable plate and the static plate are abutted against each other and passage holes are penetrated on the plate surfaces of both, so that an interlaced window for the passage of materials connecting the inlet cavity and the outlet cavity is formed through the preset passage holes at both; a power shaft is coaxially arranged on the movable plate, and the power shaft extends into the outlet cavity after passing through the static plate; the valve stem can rotatably pass through the outer wall of the valve housing and extend into the outlet cavity, and the adjacent ends of the valve stem and the power shaft form a dynamic fit.

[0007] Preferably, the valve housing includes a main valve body arranged in sequence along the axial direction and an annular end cover fixed thereto; the main valve body has a three-section stepped hole-shaped inner cavity, wherein the movable plate is located in the middle section of the inner cavity of the main valve body, and the thickness of the movable plate is smaller than the axial length of the inner cavity of the middle section; the static plate is located at the large diameter section of the main valve body, and a stop is formed between the outer plate surface of the static plate and the first-level hole shoulder formed by the large diameter section and the middle section, and a positioning sleeve is coaxially arranged on the inner plate surface of the static plate, and the positioning sleeve is then pressed to fit the static plate to the first-level hole shoulder by means of the end cover.

[0008] Preferably, the positioning sleeve is a "C"-shaped sleeve, and the fracture of the positioning sleeve and the installation position of the valve stem avoid each other.

[0009] Preferably, the positioning sleeve and the static plate, as well as the positioning sleeve and the end cover, are fixed to each other via axial positioning pins.

[0010] Preferably, the static plate and the primary hole shoulder, the valve stem and the valve housing, and the main valve body and the end cover are sealed by sealing rings.

[0011] Preferably, an extension sleeve is axially protruded from the movable plate, and a guide cover is coaxially fixed at the inlet cavity to form a threaded fit with the extension sleeve; the power shaft extends to the inner cavity of the guide cover and forms a threaded fixed fit with the guide cover; the compression spring located in the inner cavity of the guide cover is coaxially sleeved on the power shaft, and one end of the compression spring is pressed against the bottom of the guide cover cavity, and the other end of the compression spring extends axially and is pressed against the movable plate.

[0012] Preferably, the end of the flow guide hood facing the incoming material direction is the outer end, and the outer end of the flow guide hood is semicircular for convenient material guiding.

[0013] Preferably, a bearing fit is formed between the power shaft and the static plate.

[0014] Preferably, the through holes are fan-shaped holes coaxial with the axis of the movable plate, and the through holes are evenly distributed on the movable plate and the static plate in sequence around the axis of the movable plate.

[0015] Preferably, a driving bevel gear is coaxially mounted on the bottom end of the valve stem, and a driven bevel gear is arranged on the corresponding shaft end of the power shaft, so that a gear meshing fit is formed between the valve stem and the power shaft.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The present invention abandons the traditional valve body structure with a complex and bulky structure and a valve stem that must have a certain axial stroke. Instead, it takes the direction of "small and light" and provides a valve body structure with a small action stroke, low installation space requirements and effectively guaranteed service life.

[0018] Specifically, when the present invention is actually working, it directly relies on the valve stem to transmit torque to the power shaft, and then the movable plate rotates along the circumferential direction of the flow channel. The staggered windows formed by the staggered passage holes on the movable plate and the static plate constitute a fluid channel, thereby achieving flow regulation. So far, on the one hand, the entire structure of the present invention has no additional stroke when working, and is completely dependent on the rotation of the valve stem to drive the rotation of the movable plate. Therefore, the installation space requirement is extremely low, and there is no need to reserve additional movement space. The volume is small and the operation is reliable and stable. On the other hand, the valve stem and even the power and power transmission parts such as the bevel gear that constitute the transmission assembly are all located in the outlet cavity, that is, they are all located behind the static plate. They will not be directly impacted and eroded by the fluid, and the unbalanced force borne by the assembly is small, thereby ensuring the actual service life of the entire component while ensuring the adjustment effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structural cross section of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Right view;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A partial enlarged view of part I;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the coordination state of the moving plate and the static plate;

[0023] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the positioning sleeve;

[0024] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the driven bevel gear;

[0025] Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 It is a flow chart of the actions of the staggered window in the fully closed state, half-open state and fully open state;

[0026] Figure 10The following is a quantitative comparison chart of key indicators of the control valve of the present invention and the traditional control valve under DN100 caliber;

[0027] Figure 11 The figure is a comparison chart of the key indicators of the control valve of the present invention and the traditional control valve under the DN100 caliber.

[0028] The actual correspondence between the reference numerals and component names of the present invention is as follows:

[0029] a-inlet cavity b-outlet cavity

[0030] 10-valve housing 11-main valve body 12-end cover

[0031] 20-valve stem 31-static plate 32-moving plate 32a-extension sleeve 33-pass hole

[0032] 40-power shaft 50-positioning sleeve 51-fracture

[0033] 60-Compression spring 70-Axial positioning pin 80-Air guide cover 90-Bracket DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] For ease of understanding, here we combine Figure 1-11 The specific structure and working mode of the present invention are further described as follows:

[0035] The specific structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1-2 As shown, it comprises a valve housing 10, a valve core assembly, a transmission assembly, and corresponding positioning sleeves 50, sealing rings, and brackets 90. The valve housing 10 includes the main valve body 11 and end cap 12, while the valve core assembly comprises the movable plate 32, the stationary plate 31, the flow deflector 80, the compression spring 60, and other components. The transmission assembly comprises the valve stem 20, the driving bevel gear, and even the driven bevel gear. If necessary, circlips and fastening screws may be arranged accordingly. The circlips enable the valve stem 20 to reciprocate along its axis within the main valve body 11 without moving up and down. The fastening screws secure the driving bevel gear to the valve stem 20 so that it moves with the valve stem 20.

[0036] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the valve stem 20 drives the active bevel gear to rotate simultaneously, outputs torque, and transmits the torque to the driven bevel gear through the action of the 90-degree bevel gear, and the driven bevel gear drives the movable plate 32 to rotate along the circumferential direction of the flow channel. Since the static plate 31 is fixed together with the positioning sleeve 50, the end cover 12, and the main valve body 11, the static plate 31 will not rotate when the movable plate 32 rotates. When the movable plate 32 rotates, the staggered windows formed by the staggered passage holes 33 between the static plate 31 constitute a fluid channel, and ultimately achieve flow regulation. Since the static plate 31 divides the valve cavity of the valve housing 10 into the inlet cavity a where the movable plate 32 is located and the outlet cavity b where the transmission assembly is located, the transmission assembly is located at the outlet cavity b behind the static plate 31 during the entire working process, and will not be directly impacted and flushed by the high-speed fluid in the direction of the inlet cavity a. The unbalanced force borne by the assembly is small, and the service life is longer.

[0037] In actual assembly, Figure 2 As shown, the main valve body 11 and the end cover 12 can be fastened by flange assembly using hexagonal screws. In order to ensure the reliable fixation of the static plate 31 in the valve housing 10, a three-stage stepped hole-shaped inner cavity with a primary hole shoulder and a secondary hole shoulder is coaxially arranged in the main valve body 11. During installation, the static plate 31, the positioning sleeve 50 and the end cover 12 are as shown in FIG. Figure 1-2 As shown, the static plate 31 is coaxially positioned within the main valve body 11 from left to right, with the positioning sleeve 50 pressing against the primary hole shoulder. A sealing ring ensures a leak-proof seal between the static plate 31 and the main valve body 11. Axial positioning pins 70 are fitted within the clearances within the reserved holes at both ends of the positioning sleeve 50. These pins are secured to the static plate 31 and the end cap 12, respectively. This ensures that the static plate 31, positioning sleeve 50, end cap 12, and main valve body 11 are fixed together as a single unit, preventing interference from other components during the rotational adjustment of the dynamic plate 32.

[0038] The structure of the positioning sleeve 50 is shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, a break 51 is provided on the upper portion of the positioning sleeve 50 to provide a certain amount of movement space for the valve stem 20, so that the valve stem 20 not only has its own circumferential rotation space, but also achieves the purpose of the axial margin movement of the valve stem 20 in the valve housing 10, and of course also makes the installation of the positioning sleeve 50 simpler. Figure 5 In the embodiment, the positioning sleeve 50 is provided with a reduced diameter section for the purpose of reducing weight and saving materials, and a corresponding pin hole for installing the axial positioning pin 70 is provided.

[0039] Figure 3 and Figure 6It can be seen that during actual installation, the primary shoulder of the driven bevel gear can be coaxially matched with an angular contact ball bearing, and both can be placed in the mounting hole of the static plate 31 at the same time; the secondary shoulder of the driven bevel gear is coaxially provided with a dynamic plate 32, and the dynamic plate 32 is fixed to the driven bevel gear by a locking screw and the secondary shoulder of the driven bevel gear through threads for clamping and fixing in opposite directions. Through the angular contact ball bearing, the driven bevel gear can be rotated and the dynamic plate 32 can be driven to rotate at the same time without being interfered with by the static plate 31. In addition, an locking screw can be arranged so that it can axially penetrate the driven bevel gear and form a threaded connection with the air guide 80. The compression spring 60 is placed in the area enclosed by the extension sleeve 32a and the bottom of the air guide 80 cavity, and the air guide 80 is connected to the extension sleeve 32a of the dynamic plate 32 by a thread. The design here has two functions:

[0040] 1. By tightening the guide cover 80 and the extension sleeve 32a, the compression spring 60 is compressed to provide a certain initial sealing pre-tightening force between the movable plate 32 and the static plate 31, so that the control valve meets the designed leakage level.

[0041] 2. The interior of the air guide 80 is connected to the head of the anti-loosening screw, that is, the head of the power shaft 40, by a threaded connection; when the driven bevel gear drives the movable plate 32 to rotate, the head of the anti-loosening screw always moves inside the air guide 80, and the driven bevel gear and the movable plate 32 will not be separated in the axial and circumferential directions of the flow channel due to long-term operation.

[0042] From the above description, it can be seen that Figure 1 and Figure 3 In the embodiment, the driven bevel gear, the locking screw, and the locking nut together form the power shaft 40 mounted at the axis of the movable plate 32, thereby realizing the power transmission function. Of course, in actual operation, the power shaft 40 can also be completely independent and fixed to the movable plate 32 as a single shaft, and then fixedly engaged with the corresponding air deflector 80, compression spring 60, etc., which will not be repeated here.

[0043] The outer end surface of the flow guide cover 80 is preferably set to be semicircular, which has a certain flow conductivity and is more conducive to the guidance of materials.

[0044] As for the moving plate 32 and the static plate 31, after the static plate 31 is fixed in position, the moving plate 32 can be coaxial with the static plate 31 or parallel to the axis of the static plate 31. The preferred moving plate 32 and the static plate 31 of the present invention are coaxial circular plate structures for ease of processing and manufacturing. The moving plate 32 and the static plate 31 are respectively provided with a plurality of fan-shaped holes 33. When working, the ... Figure 4 and Figure 7-9 The staggered action of the passage holes 33 shown hereby achieves the purpose of regulating the flow channel.

[0045] When adjusting the flow channel, you can refer to Figure 7-9As shown, since the same number of flow channel windows, i.e., passage holes 33, are provided on both the moving plate 32 and the static plate 31, and the passage holes 33 are fan-shaped, a linear adjustment characteristic can be achieved. Specifically:

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the valve plate assembly in the fully closed state. It can be seen that at this time the movable plate 32 completely blocks the flow channel window of the static plate 31, that is, the passage holes 33 of the movable plate 32 and the static plate 31 are completely offset from each other, and the entire control valve is in the closed state.

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the valve plate assembly in a semi-open state. It can be seen that at this time, the movable plate 32 is driven by the transmission assembly to rotate a certain angle. The partially hollow area formed by the staggered passage holes 33 at the movable plate 32 and the static plate 31 constitutes a flow channel window with a small flow rate. At this time, the control valve is in a regulating state.

[0048] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the valve plate assembly in the fully open state. It can be seen that at this time, the passage holes 33 of the movable plate 32 and the static plate 31 completely overlap without any obstruction. The exposed cavity is the largest flow channel window. The control valve is in the maximum adjustment state and the flow capacity is the maximum.

[0049] Of course, in the specific design, this solution is not limited to this one, and can actually be designed as an adjustment window of other shapes according to different adjustment characteristic index requirements.

[0050] At this point, the overall advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0051] 1. The anti-loosening structure and spring pre-tightening structure of the present invention are both placed in the enclosed space formed by the guide cover 80, the movable plate 32 and the static plate 31. The transmission assembly is placed behind the static plate 31 and is completely covered by the static plate 31. Therefore, during the entire operation of the control valve, except for the movable plate 32 and the static plate 31, the remaining valve trims will not be directly affected or impacted by the fluid, and have the performance of anti-scouring. It plays a good protective role for the valve trims of the control valve, greatly extends the service life of the valve, has high reliability, and strong anti-scouring ability, and is particularly suitable for occasions with demanding requirements on the use environment.

[0052] 2. Through the optimized design of the structure, the present invention slightly reduces the flow resistance loss compared with the traditional control valve of the same caliber. At the same time, the key physical indicators such as the overall size and weight are greatly reduced, which greatly optimizes the overall size, has the advantages of miniaturization, lightweight and precision, and greatly saves installation space.

[0053] 3. The present invention adopts a multi-channel adjustment window design, which evenly divides the adjustment stroke range. Compared with the traditional control valve, it greatly reduces the effective adjustment stroke of the valve, responds quickly, and reduces the full stroke adjustment time, realizing the function of rapid adjustment that traditional control valves cannot achieve.

[0054] 4. The movable plate 32 and the static plate 31 of the present invention can be metal parts and undergo surface hardening and sealing surface grinding treatment; during operation, due to the rotation of the movable plate 32 and the static plate 31, the control valve can have a self-cleaning and shut-off function, which can effectively remove impurities and attachments and prevent blockage and foreign matter deposition.

[0055] 5. While achieving linear adjustment, the profiles of the through holes 33 at the movable plate 32 and the static plate 31 of the present invention can also be designed with a variety of adjustment characteristics according to user needs, such as equal percentage, quick opening, etc. During operation, different adjustment performances of the control valve can be achieved by simply replacing the movable plate 32, with high adjustment accuracy and a large adjustable ratio.

[0056] 6. The pre-tightening structure of the present invention and the air guide cover 80 are integrally designed with an anti-loosening structure, and the sealing pre-tightening force is adjustable, which can achieve an excellent sealing leakage level, easy maintenance, and a long service life.

[0057] Furthermore, compared with the traditional globe control valve, the present invention has significantly smaller dimensions than the traditional globe control valve under the same caliber, and has the advantages of miniaturization and lightness, saving more than half of the installation space, as shown below:

[0058] Figure 10 The figure is a quantitative comparison chart of key indicators of the present invention and traditional control valves under DN100 caliber. It can be seen that under the same caliber, compared with traditional control valves, the resistance coefficient, adjustment time, weight, and overall dimensions, namely length, width and height of the present invention have decreased to varying degrees, among which the reduction in adjustment time, weight, length and height indicators is particularly obvious.

[0059] Figure 11 The figure is a comparison chart of the key indicators of the present invention and the traditional control valve under the DN100 caliber. It can be seen that under the same caliber, the various key indicators of the present invention are smaller than those of the traditional control valve, among which the height, length, weight and adjustment time only account for less than 41% of the traditional control valve.

[0060] Thus, it can be seen from the above comparison that, based on the aforementioned advantages, compared with the traditional globe control valve, the present invention still greatly optimizes the external dimensions, has the advantages of lightweight, miniaturization, and rapid response, and has significant results.

[0061] Of course, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, but also encompasses the same or similar structures that can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and it is intended that all variations that fall within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims be encompassed within the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claim to which they relate.

[0062] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0063] The technology, shape, and structure not described in detail in the present invention are all well-known technologies.

Claims

1. A lightweight rotary window type quick-adjustable control valve, comprising a valve housing (10) and a valve stem (20), characterized in that: The valve housing (10) has a sleeve-like outer shape, and the valve cavity of the valve housing (10) constitutes a passage cavity for the passage of materials; a static plate (31) is fixed in the valve cavity, and the plate surface of the static plate (31) and the axis of the valve cavity intersect with each other; The valve cavity is divided into an inlet cavity (a) and an outlet cavity (b) with the static plate (31) as the boundary. A movable plate (32) is provided at the inlet cavity (a) and is coaxial with or parallel to the static plate (31). The movable plate (32) and the static plate (31) are in contact with each other and both plate surfaces are provided with passage holes (33). Thus, through the passage holes (33) preset at both, an interlaced window for the passage of materials is formed to connect the inlet cavity (a) and the outlet cavity (b); a power shaft (40) is coaxially arranged on the movable plate (32), and the power shaft (40) extends into the outlet cavity (b) after passing through the static plate (31); the valve stem (20) can rotatably pass through the outer wall of the valve housing (10) and extend into the outlet cavity (b), and the adjacent ends of the valve stem (20) and the power shaft (40) form a power fit; An extension sleeve (32a) is axially protruded at the movable plate (32), and a guide cover (80) is coaxially fixed at the inlet cavity (a) and forms a threaded fit with the extension sleeve (32a); the power shaft (40) extends toward the inner cavity of the guide cover (80) and forms a threaded fixed fit with the guide cover (80); a compression spring (60) located in the inner cavity of the guide cover (80) is coaxially sleeved on the power shaft (40), and one end of the compression spring (60) is pressed against the bottom of the cavity of the guide cover (80), and the other end of the compression spring (60) extends axially and presses against the movable plate (32).

2. A lightweight rotary window type quick-adjusting control valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The valve housing (10) includes a main valve body (11) and an annular end cover (12) fixedly connected thereto, which are arranged in sequence along the axial direction; the main valve body (11) has a three-section stepped hole-shaped inner cavity, wherein the movable plate (32) is located at the middle section of the inner cavity of the main valve body (11), and the thickness of the movable plate (32) is less than the axial length of the inner cavity of the middle section; the static plate (31) is located at the large diameter section of the main valve body (11), and a stop is formed between the outer plate surface of the static plate (31) and the first-level hole shoulder formed by the large diameter section and the middle section. A positioning sleeve (50) is coaxially arranged on the inner plate surface of the static plate (31), and the positioning sleeve (50) is then pressed by the end cover (12) to press the static plate (31) to fit the first-level hole shoulder.

3. A lightweight rotary window type quick-adjustable control valve according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning sleeve (50) is a "C"-shaped sleeve, and the fracture (51) of the positioning sleeve (50) and the installation position of the valve stem (20) avoid each other.

4. A lightweight rotary window type quick-adjusting control valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning sleeve (50) and the static plate, as well as the positioning sleeve (50) and the end cover (12), are fixed to each other via axial positioning pins (70).

5. A lightweight rotary window type quick-adjusting control valve according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The static plate (31) and the primary hole shoulder, the valve stem (20) and the valve housing (10), and the main valve body (11) and the end cover (12) are all sealed by sealing rings.

6. A lightweight rotary window type quick-adjusting control valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the guide cover (80) facing the material feeding direction is the outer end, and the outer end of the guide cover (80) is a semicircular shape that is convenient for guiding the material.

7. A lightweight rotary window type quick-adjusting control valve according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: A bearing fit is formed between the power shaft (40) and the static plate (31).

8. A lightweight rotary window type quick-adjusting control valve according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: The passage holes (33) are fan-shaped holes coaxial with the axis of the movable plate (32). The passage holes (33) are evenly distributed on the movable plate (32) and the static plate (31) in sequence around the axis of the movable plate (32).

9. A lightweight rotary window type quick-adjusting control valve according to claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that: A driving bevel gear is coaxially mounted on the bottom end of the valve stem (20), and a driven bevel gear is arranged on the corresponding shaft end of the power shaft (40), so that a gear meshing fit is formed between the valve stem (20) and the power shaft (40).

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