A steam generation-boosting-voltage stabilization output system utilizing high-temperature dust exhaust gas

Abstract

The present invention relates to a steam generation-boosting-pressure-stabilizing output system utilizing high-temperature dust exhaust gas, comprising a steam generation-purification system (III), a high-temperature dust collector system (I) with an operating temperature of ≥400°C connected to its air inlet, a low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) with an operating temperature of ≤200°C connected to its low-temperature exhaust gas outlet, and a boosting-pressure-stabilizing output system (IV) connected to its low-pressure steam outlet. In addition, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) a shell-and-tube heat exchanger design is adopted, making the heat exchanger more efficient; (2) the working pressure of the steam generator is less than 0.1MPa, and it is a non-pressure vessel; (3) a screw supercharger is adopted to achieve stable output with adjustable steam pressure, which can replace the function of a low-pressure boiler.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and emission reduction - waste heat steam utilization, and relates to a steam generation - boosting - voltage stabilization output system utilizing high-temperature dust exhaust gas, and also relates to a method for utilizing high-temperature dust exhaust gas. Background Art

[0002] Industrial production processes such as smelting, calcining, and drying generate dust-laden, high-temperature exhaust gases, exceeding 350°C. Utilizing waste heat generated during industrial production not only meets dual-carbon emissions requirements but also contributes to energy conservation, emission reduction, and green development. Waste heat boilers are a common type of waste heat utilization device, primarily vertical, horizontal, and hybrid. These absorb heat from high-temperature flue gases to heat water and generate steam, which can then be used in industrial production for energy recovery.

[0003] The operation of the waste heat boiler includes two circulation routes: water and steam. Taking the water-cooled wall (membrane wall) boiler as an example, usually, water is pumped into the economizer through the feed water pump, where it absorbs heat from the flue gas and the water temperature rises to a certain extent; then it enters the steam drum and then the downcomer. After being collected in the water-cooled wall inlet header, it absorbs the heat released by the flue gas in the water-cooled wall to generate a steam-water mixture, which then enters the steam drum through the water vapor upper link to achieve steam-water separation. Liquid water enters the downcomer again, and the separated saturated steam enters the superheater to generate superheated steam, thus achieving the purpose of waste heat energy recovery. In the water-cooled wall (membrane wall) boiler, water usually flows through the tubes, and hot gas flows outside the tubes. Water circulates in the tubes in the form of full tube self-circulation. The principle is as follows Figure 1 shown.

[0004] Conventional waste heat boilers adopt an immersed structure, that is, the heat exchange tube bundle is submerged in water, and a steam-water mixture is generated when absorbing heat, and the water is naturally circulated. The principle is as follows Figure 2 shown.

[0005] Traditional waste heat boilers (HRSGs) contain large amounts of high-temperature hot water. This pressurized, high-temperature water can cause significant damage if the boiler fails. Dust accumulation and corrosion on the heating surfaces of these HRSGs affect the continuity and stability of the incineration system. Furthermore, the HRSGs themselves are prone to tube bursts and damage, becoming a critical weakness in system operation.

[0006] Furthermore, traditional waste heat boilers generate pressurized steam, which falls under the category of pressure vessels. According to Section 7.2 of the "Regulations on Safety Technical Supervision of Stationary Pressure Vessels" (TSG 21-2016), they must undergo at least one annual inspection. Generally, the service life of a small waste heat boiler does not exceed 10 years.

[0007] Therefore, in view of the problems existing in the above-mentioned various traditional devices, it is necessary to further study the treatment devices for high-temperature dust exhaust gas. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of this, in order to solve the problem that the currently commonly used membrane wall waste heat boiler has poor treatment effect on hot air containing dust, the present invention provides a steam generation-boosting-voltage stabilization output system utilizing high-temperature dust exhaust gas and a method for utilizing high-temperature dust exhaust gas.

[0009] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0010] 1. A steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilizing output system utilizing high-temperature dust exhaust gas, the steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilizing output system comprising a high-temperature dust collector system (I), a steam generation-purification system (III), and a boosting-pressure stabilizing output system (IV) connected in sequence, and a low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) connected to the steam generation-purification system (III);

[0011] The steam generation-purification system (III) includes a shell-and-tube steam generation heat exchanger 16, which is provided with a membrane plate 19-A and n membrane baffles 19-B in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction, wherein the spacing between the membrane plate 19-A and the adjacent membrane baffles 19-B and between adjacent membrane baffles 19-B is not greater than 1m, and m expansion joints 18 are also provided on the tube wall of the steam generation heat exchanger 16, where n and m are integers not less than 2;

[0012] The membrane plate 19-A includes a whole plate sealed to the inner wall of the steam generating heat exchanger and circular petal-shaped membrane holes arranged in sequence on the whole plate, wherein the heat exchange tube of the steam generating heat exchanger passes through the membrane hole, H1=0.01D1~0.04D1, H2=2~5mm, wherein H1 is the vertical distance between the inner diameter of the membrane hole and the outer wall of the heat exchange tube, D1 is the diameter of the heat exchange tube, and H2 is the vertical distance between the outer diameter of the membrane hole and the outer wall of the heat exchange tube.

[0013] The membrane baffle 19-B is cut along a straight line to form the membrane plate 19-A, wherein the arc top height of the cut portion is 1 / 3-1 / 4 of the diameter of the entire plate in the membrane distributor. The arc portion of the membrane baffle 19-B is sealed and connected to the inner wall of the heat exchanger, and the gaps formed by adjacent membrane baffles 19-B and the inner wall of the heat exchanger are located at the left and right ends respectively.

[0014] Preferably, the high-temperature gas inlet end 20 of the steam generating heat exchanger 16 is connected to the gas outlet 12 of the high-temperature dust collector system (I) with an operating temperature of ≤400°C, and the low-temperature exhaust gas outlet end 22 is connected to the gas inlet 8 of the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) with an operating temperature of ≤200°C;

[0015] The high-temperature dust collector system (I) and the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) both contain a dust removal device 4. The dust removal device 4 is composed of a compressed air backflush pipe 5, a dust removal assembly 7, and an ash hopper 9 arranged in a dust collector housing 6 from top to bottom. The ash hopper 9 is located directly below the dust removal assembly 7. A cooler 10 and a flap valve 11 are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the ash hopper 9. The gas inlet 8 of the dust removal device is arranged on the side of the ash hopper 9, and the gas outlet 12 is arranged above the dust removal device.

[0016] The temperature resistance of the dust removal component 7 in the high-temperature dust collector system (I) is greater than 400°C, and the dust removal component 7 in the high-temperature dust collector system (I) is any one of an inorganic fiber bag dust removal component, a metal fiber dust removal component or a porous ceramic membrane dust removal component. The temperature resistance of the dust removal component 7 in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) is greater than 200°C, and the dust removal component 7 in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) is a pulse back-blowing bag dust removal component;

[0017] The gas outlet 12 of the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) is connected to a variable frequency induced draft fan 17 that provides a negative pressure environment for the steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilization output system.

[0018] Preferably, an air regulating valve 1, a first temperature sensor 3 and a first pressure sensor 2 are sequentially arranged before the gas inlet 8 in the high-temperature dust collector system (I);

[0019] A second pressure sensor 13, a second temperature sensor 14 and a first dust sensor 15 are sequentially provided between the gas outlet 12 of the high-temperature dust collector system (I) and the high-temperature gas inlet end (20) of the steam generating heat exchanger 16;

[0020] A third pressure sensor 25 and a third temperature sensor 24 are connected in sequence between the gas inlet 8 and the low-temperature exhaust gas outlet 22 of the steam generation heat exchanger 16 in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II);

[0021] In the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II), a fourth temperature sensor 27, a second dust sensor 28 and a fourth pressure sensor 29 are sequentially provided between the gas outlet 12 and the variable frequency induced draft fan 17.

[0022] Preferably, the steam generation-purification system (III) further comprises a cyclone demister 30 connected to the steam generation heat exchanger 16;

[0023] A wire mesh 33 capable of condensing water vapor into mist droplets is provided between the cyclone inner cylinder 31 and the upper cone 32 of the cyclone demister;

[0024] The water / water vapor inlet 34 of the cyclone inner drum 31 in the cyclone demister is connected to the water / water vapor outlet 23 at the lower end of the steam generating heat exchanger, and a fifth pressure sensor 35 and a first flow meter 36 are sequentially provided between the water / water vapor outlet 23 and the water / water vapor inlet 34;

[0025] The first water inlet 38 at the upper side of the water storage tank 37 in the cyclone demister 30 is connected to the water outlet 39 at the upper side of the steam generator heat exchanger;

[0026] The water tank outlet 40 at the bottom end of the side of the water tank 37 of the cyclone demister 30 is connected to the expansion joint 18 at the top end of the steam generator heat exchanger 16. A sixth pressure sensor 41, a second flow meter 42, a first ball valve 44, a circulating water pump 45, and a second ball valve 46 are sequentially provided between the expansion joint 18 at the top end and the water tank outlet 40.

[0027] A second water inlet 47 located above the liquid level of the water storage tank 37 in the cyclone demister 30 is connected to a clean water tank 48. A one-way valve 49, a third ball valve 50, a water pump 51, and a fourth ball valve 52 are sequentially provided between the second water inlet 47 and the clean water tank 48.

[0028] The bottom of the cyclone demister 30 is provided with an external pneumatic ball valve 53 for regularly replacing the water in the water storage tank 37 .

[0029] Preferably, the boost-stabilized voltage output system (IV) includes a variable frequency screw machine 60 with a frequency converter of not less than 8 Hz;

[0030] The water vapor inlet 61 of the variable frequency screw machine 60 is connected to the water vapor outlet 54 at the top of the cyclone demister 30. A first electric regulating valve 55, a fifth ball valve 56, a second electric regulating valve 57, a safety valve 58 and a seventh pressure sensor 59 are sequentially arranged between the water vapor outlet 54 and the water vapor inlet 61.

[0031] An eighth pressure sensor 63 and a fifth temperature sensor 64 are sequentially provided between the pressure gas outlet 62 of the variable frequency screw machine 60 and the application device;

[0032] A third electric regulating valve 65 is provided between the pressure gas outlet 62 and the water vapor inlet 61 of the variable frequency screw machine 60 .

[0033] 2. A method for utilizing high-temperature dust exhaust gas, the method being carried out using the above-mentioned device, the method specifically comprising:

[0034] (1) The air flow rate mixed with the high-temperature dust exhaust gas is adjusted by the air regulating valve 1 to reduce the temperature of the high-temperature dust exhaust gas to below 400°C. After the dust is removed by the dust removal device 4 of the high-temperature dust collector system (I), clean hot gas is obtained:

[0035] (2) The clean hot gas enters the shell-and-tube steam generator heat exchanger 16 in the steam generation-purification system (III), the hot gas flows through the tube side and the water flows through the shell side, and the hot air generated at a temperature not higher than 200°C enters the dust removal device 4 in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) for further dust removal treatment, and is directly discharged after the gas content meets the standard; the generated steam enters the cyclone demister 60 to remove water droplets and mist droplets in the water vapor to obtain steam;

[0036] (3) The steam enters the variable frequency screw machine 60 in the boosting and pressure stabilizing output system (IV) for boosting and achieving stable output with adjustable pressure.

[0037] Preferably, a membrane plate 19-A and a membrane baffle 19-B are provided in the steam generating heat exchanger 16, and the heat exchange tube is fixed in the middle of the holes of the membrane plate 19-A and the membrane baffle 19-B. Hot gas passes through the heat exchange tube, and water flows from top to bottom through the gap between the outer wall of the heat exchange tube and the inner wall of the hole. The water forms a water film with a thickness of more than 1 mm on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0038] Preferably, the first electric regulating valve 55, the second electric regulating valve 57 and the safety valve 58 are linked to the seventh pressure sensor 59 to adjust the steam generating heat exchanger 16 in a non-pressure vessel condition, that is, the relative steam pressure is less than 0.1 MPa when the steam generating heat exchanger is working;

[0039] The linkage adjustment is specifically as follows: the opening size of the first electric regulating valve 55 is determined by the seventh pressure sensor 59. When the relative pressure displayed by the seventh pressure sensor 59 is greater than 0.08Mpa, the opening size of the first electric regulating valve 55 is increased, otherwise it is decreased to closed; the opening size of the second electric regulating valve 57 is determined by the seventh pressure sensor 59. When the relative pressure displayed by the seventh pressure sensor 59 is greater than 0.09Mpa, the opening size of the second electric regulating valve 57 is increased, otherwise it is decreased to closed; the switch of the safety valve 58 is determined by the seventh pressure sensor 59. When the relative pressure displayed by the seventh pressure sensor 59 is greater than 0.095Mpa, the safety valve 58 is opened, otherwise it is closed.

[0040] Preferably, when the steam generated in the cyclone demister 30 is not promptly discharged after being pressurized by the variable frequency screw machine 60, in order to ensure that the variable frequency screw machine continues to operate at a frequency greater than 8 Hz, protect the variable frequency screw unit, and extend its service life, the pressurized steam can be returned to the front of the variable frequency screw machine through the action of the third electric regulating valve 65. The opening size of the third electric regulating valve 65 should be determined according to the requirement that the operating frequency of the variable frequency screw unit 60 is greater than 8 Hz;

[0041] If the returning steam causes the pressure in the steam generating heat exchanger 16 to rise, the first electric regulating valve 55, the second electric regulating valve 57 and the safety valve 58 are adjusted in conjunction to keep the steam generating heat exchanger in the working range of a non-pressure vessel;

[0042] The variable frequency screw machine 60 is linked with the eighth pressure sensor 63. By setting the pressure value of the eighth pressure sensor 63, the variable frequency screw machine 60 automatically adjusts the working frequency to achieve stable output of adjustable steam pressure, thereby achieving stable output of steam pressure of 0.1 to 1.4 MPa.

[0043] Preferably, in the method, the first pressure sensor 2 and the variable frequency induced draft fan 17 are used in combination to ensure that the hot air of the entire steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilization output system is in a negative pressure environment. Specifically, before the high-temperature dust waste enters the steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilization output system, the first pressure sensor 2 is set to an initial fixed value, and during the processing, the variable frequency induced draft fan 17 is adjusted to ensure that the first pressure sensor 2 always maintains the initial fixed value.

[0044] The blockage of the dust removal component 4 in the high-temperature dust collector system (I) is determined by the pressure difference between the second pressure sensor 13 and the first pressure sensor 2, and the integrity of the dust removal component 4 in the high-temperature dust collector system (I) is determined by the value displayed by the first dust sensor 15;

[0045] The blockage condition of the dust removal component 4 in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) is determined by the pressure difference between the fourth pressure sensor 29 and the third pressure sensor 25, and the integrity of the dust removal component 4 in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) is determined by the value displayed by the second dust sensor 28;

[0046] The compressed air back-blowing pipe 5 blows the dust blocked on the dust removal component 4 back into the ash hopper.

[0047] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0048] 1. The steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilization output system disclosed in the present invention adopts a shell and tube steam generation heat exchanger. The high-temperature hot gas flows through the tube side and the water flows through the shell side. This enables the water to flow down along the outer wall of the tube in a film-like manner. The heat exchange coefficient between the hot air and the water is high. At the same time, the system stores less water and has high safety.

[0049] 2. The steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilization output system disclosed in the present invention is provided with a membrane plate and a membrane deflector. The petal-shaped membrane holes in the membrane plate are designed to fix the heat exchange tubes while ensuring that there is enough water to flow down the outer wall of the tube in the form of a film. The membrane thickness is greater than 1 mm, and the membrane is uniform, which can make the water flow down the outer wall of the heat exchange tube in the form of a film while improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0050] 3. The steam generation-boosting-voltage stabilization output system disclosed in the present invention is equipped with a wire mesh in the cyclone demister, which can purify the steam generated by the steam generation heat exchanger, condense the water vapor into water droplets and mist droplets, and turn it into saturated steam without droplets. The pressure of this saturated steam is between 0.08Mpa and 0.1Mpa, and can be directly used back in production.

[0051] 4. The steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilization output system disclosed in the present invention uses a variable frequency screw machine to boost the processed steam, which can achieve a stable output of steam pressure of 0.1 to 1.4 MPa.

[0052] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description or may be learned from practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0054] Figure 1 This is the working principle diagram of the water-cooled wall (membrane wall) boiler;

[0055] Figure 2 This is a working principle diagram of a submerged waste heat boiler;

[0056] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilization output system of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 4 This is a working principle diagram of the shell and tube steam generating heat exchanger of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the high-temperature dust collector system (I) of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the steam generation-purification system (III) of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the membrane plate (a) and the membrane baffle (b) in the steam generation-purification system (III) of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 9 An enlarged view of the membrane holes in the membrane plate of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the boost-stabilized output system (IV) of the present invention.

[0064] Figure 1: 1 is an air regulating valve, 2 is a first pressure sensor, 3 is a first temperature sensor, 4 is a dust removal device, 5 is a compressed air backflush pipe, 6 is a dust collector housing, 7 is a dust removal assembly, 8 is a gas inlet, 9 is an ash hopper, 10 is a cooler, 11 is a flap valve, 12 is a gas outlet, 13 is a second pressure sensor, 14 is a second temperature sensor, 15 is a dust sensor, 16 is a steam generating heat exchanger, 17 is a variable frequency induced draft fan, 18 is an expansion joint, 19-A is a membrane plate, 19-B is a membrane baffle, 20 is a high-temperature gas inlet end, 21 is a sight glass, 22 is a low-temperature exhaust gas outlet end, 23 is a water / water vapor outlet, 24 is a third temperature sensor, 25 is a third pressure sensor, 26 is, 27 is a fourth temperature sensor, 28 is a second dust sensor, 29 is a fourth pressure sensor, 30 is a cyclone demister, 31 is a cyclone inner cylinder, 32 is 2 is the upper cone, 33 is the wire mesh, 34 is the water / water vapor inlet, 35 is the fifth pressure sensor, 36 is the fifth temperature sensor, 37 is the water storage tank, 38 is the first water inlet, 39 is the water outlet, 40 is the water storage tank outlet, 41 is the sixth pressure sensor, 42 is the first flow meter, 44 is the first ball valve, 45 is the circulating water pump, 46 is the second ball valve, 47 is the second water inlet, 48 is the clean water tank, 49 is the one-way valve, 50 is the third ball valve, 51 is the water pump, 52 is the fourth ball valve, 53 is the external exhaust pneumatic ball valve, 54 is the water vapor outlet, 55 is the first electric regulating valve, 56 is the fifth ball valve, 57 is the second electric regulating valve, 58 is the safety valve, 59 is the seventh pressure sensor, 60 is the variable frequency screw machine, 61 is the water vapor inlet, 62 is the pressure gas outlet, 63 is the eighth pressure sensor, 64 is the fifth temperature sensor, and 65 is the third electric regulating valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by means of specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0066] Among them, the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and represent only schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the dimensions of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the accompanying drawings.

[0067] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships, they are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0068] The structure diagram of a steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilization output system using high-temperature dust exhaust gas is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, it includes a high-temperature dust collector system (Ⅰ), a steam generation-purification system (Ⅲ) and a boost-pressure stabilization output system (Ⅳ) connected in sequence, and a low-temperature dust collector protection system (Ⅱ) connected to the steam generation-purification system (Ⅲ), wherein the high-temperature dust collector system (Ⅰ) and the low-temperature dust collector protection system (Ⅱ) both include a dust removal device 4, the steam generation-purification system (Ⅲ) includes a steam generation heat exchanger 16 and a cyclone demister 30, and the boost-pressure stabilization output system (Ⅳ) includes a variable frequency screw machine 60.

[0069] The operating temperature of the high-temperature dust collector system (I) is ≤400°C. The dust removal assembly 7 in the dust removal device 4 is made of materials that can withstand temperatures exceeding 400°C, with a dust removal rate exceeding 99% for particles larger than 2μm. This purifies high-temperature exhaust gas and ensures the performance and stable operation of the subsequent steam generation heat exchanger 16. The blockage status of the dust removal assembly 7 in the high-temperature dust collector system (I) is determined by the pressure difference between the second pressure sensor 13 and the first pressure sensor 2, and the integrity of the dust removal assembly 7 in the high-temperature dust collector system (I) is determined by the value displayed by the first dust sensor 15.

[0070] The operating temperature of the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) is ≤ 200°C. The dust removal assembly 7 in the dust removal device 4 of the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) uses a conventional pulse backwash bag type dust collector (with a temperature resistance greater than 200°C). This serves as an emission safety measure to ensure that the exhaust gas dust meets national or local standards or the company's own requirements. The operating temperature of the low-temperature dust collector should be higher than the dew point of the exhaust gas.

[0071] The steam generation-purification system (III) uses a shell-and-tube steam generation heat exchanger 16 to achieve heat transfer between high-temperature exhaust gas and water, recovering the heat energy in the high-temperature exhaust gas to generate steam. This steam may carry water droplets or mist droplets. After passing through the wire mesh 33 in the cyclone demister 30, it becomes saturated steam without mist droplets. The pressure of this saturated steam is between 0.08Mpa and 0.1Mpa and can be directly used back in production. The present invention provides a steam generation heat exchanger with a new structure, the principle diagram of which is shown in Figure 4. It adopts a vertical shell-and-tube heat exchanger, with high-temperature hot gas flowing through the tube side and water flowing through the shell side. A special petal-shaped film distributor is used to form a water film that flows rapidly from top to bottom outside the heat exchange tube, which has a higher heat exchange efficiency than immersion or full-tube flow waste heat boilers. Furthermore, the steam pressure generated by the steam generating heat exchanger 16 of the present invention can be less than 0.1 MPa, so the system does not constitute a pressure vessel, eliminating the high maintenance and annual inspection costs associated with pressure vessels. Alternatively, a screw unit can be used to pressurize the steam to the desired pressure, depending on the specific needs of the application. This allows for a lower cost and wider application of the waste heat recovery steam generation system. Furthermore, dust-free hot air directly contacts the boiler tube wall, resulting in better heat transfer. For dust-laden hot air, water-cooled wall (membrane wall) boilers require mullite or silicon carbide plates to separate the hot air from the boiler tube, severely impacting heat transfer and resulting in poor results. High-temperature heat source gas containing dust can adhere to the surface of the heat exchanger, thereby impacting heat transfer performance. Bag filters are generally used for dust removal, but the long-term operating temperatures of common filter media fibers, such as polyester fibers, polyamide fibers, polyphenylene sulfide fibers, and polytetrafluoroethylene fibers, are generally below 300°C. Once the flue gas temperature exceeds the tolerance of ordinary bag filters, the bags will burn, resulting in poor economic performance. Metal fibers, inorganic fibers, and inorganic porous materials can withstand high temperatures, exceeding 400°C. At these temperatures, high-temperature exhaust gases can be removed without cooling or requiring only a small amount of ventilation, which also facilitates efficient recovery of waste heat. High-temperature flue gas can be removed at relatively high temperatures (350-450°C) using high-temperature dust removal bags, achieving higher thermal efficiency than existing dust removal systems that require temperatures below 250°C.

[0072] The boosting and pressure-stabilizing output system (IV) uses a variable frequency screw machine 60 to boost the steam generated by the steam generating system (III), with the maximum pressure reaching 1.4 MPa. At the same time, the variable frequency drive screw machine 60 can achieve pressure-stabilizing output.

[0073] The structural diagram of the high temperature dust collector system (Ⅰ) is as follows Figure 5As shown, it includes a dust removal device 4 (from top to bottom composed of a compressed air backflush pipe 5 arranged in a dust collector housing 6 (blowing the dust blocked on the dust removal component back into the ash hopper), a dust removal component 7 and an ash hopper 9, wherein the dust removal component 7 is any one of an inorganic fiber bag dust removal component, a metal fiber dust removal component or a porous ceramic membrane dust removal component, the ash hopper 9 is located directly below the dust removal component 7, and a cooler 10 and a flap valve 11 are sequentially arranged at the bottom of the ash hopper 9, the gas inlet 8 of the dust removal device is arranged on the side of the ash hopper 9, and the gas outlet 12 is arranged on the upper right side of the dust removal device.

[0074] An air control valve 1, a first temperature sensor 3, and a first pressure sensor 2 are sequentially installed between the high-temperature dust exhaust gas inlet and the high-temperature dust collector system (I). Before entering the high-temperature dust collector system (I) through the gas inlet 8, the high-temperature dust exhaust gas is first mixed with air to reduce its temperature to approximately 400°C (the amount of air entering is regulated by the air control valve 1). An automatic control system can be used to provide a pressure alarm and link the first temperature sensor 3 with the air control valve 1. When the temperature exceeds the set value, the system triggers an alarm and opens the control valve, allowing cool air to enter, lowering the temperature of the high-temperature exhaust gas and protecting the dust removal components 7 in the high-temperature dust collector system (I).

[0075] The gas outlet 12 of the dust removal device 4 in the high-temperature dust collector system (I) is connected to the high-temperature gas inlet 20 of the steam generation heat exchanger 16 in the steam generation and purification system (III). A second pressure sensor 13, a second temperature sensor 14, and a first dust sensor 15 are sequentially installed. The pressure difference between the first pressure sensor 2 and the second pressure sensor 13 is used to determine whether the dust removal components in the high-temperature dust collector system (I) are clogged. The temperature difference between the first temperature sensor 3 and the second temperature sensor 14 is used to determine the thermal insulation performance of the dust removal device in the high-temperature dust collector system (I). The first dust sensor 15 is used to determine whether the dust collector is damaged or leaking. The clean exhaust gas obtained after the dust removal treatment in the high-temperature dust collector system (I) enters the steam generation heat exchanger 16 in the steam generation-purification system (III) from the gas outlet 12 on the dust removal device 4 in the high-temperature dust collector system (I) through the high-temperature gas inlet end 20. In addition, a compressed air pulse backflush pipe 5 is installed on the upper end of the dust removal component 7 to blow the dust on the dust removal component back into the ash hopper 9 integrally connected to the dust removal component 7. The dust in the ash hopper 9 is cooled by the cooler 10 below and then discharged through the flap valve 11. The dust removal component 7 in the high-temperature dust collector system (I) is any one of an inorganic fiber bag dust removal component, a metal fiber dust removal component or a porous ceramic membrane component, and has a temperature resistance greater than 400°C.

[0076] The structure diagram of the low temperature dust collector protection system (Ⅱ) is as follows Figure 6As shown, it includes a dust removal device 4 (whose structure and operating principle are similar to those of the high-temperature dust collector system (I)) and a variable frequency induced draft fan 17. The low-temperature exhaust gas, which has been cooled by the steam generation heat exchanger 16 in the steam generation-purification system (III), enters through the low-temperature exhaust gas outlet 22. A fourth temperature sensor 27, a second dust sensor 28, and a fourth pressure sensor 29 are sequentially installed between the gas outlet 12 of the dust removal device 4 and the variable frequency induced draft fan 17 in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II). The low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) can achieve pressure alarms through an automatic control system, realizing the linkage between the third pressure sensor 25 and the third temperature sensor 24. When the temperature exceeds the set value, the system alarms and opens the regulating valve to allow cold air to enter, reducing the temperature of the high-temperature exhaust gas and protecting the dust removal component 7 in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II). The blockage condition of the dust removal component 7 in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) is judged by the pressure difference between the third pressure sensor 25 and the fourth pressure sensor 29; the thermal insulation performance of the dust removal device 4 in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) is judged by the difference between the third temperature sensor 24 and the fourth temperature sensor 27; and whether the dust removal component 7 in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) is damaged or leaking is judged by the second dust sensor 28. The gas outlet 12 of the dust removal component 4 in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) is connected to a variable-frequency induced draft fan 17, which implements variable-frequency regulation and ensures that the entire gas circuit operates at a slightly negative pressure. (The first pressure sensor 2 and the variable-frequency induced draft fan 17 are used in conjunction to ensure that the entire steam generation-boosting-pressure-stabilizing output system is in a negative pressure environment. Specifically, before the high-temperature dust waste enters the steam generation-boosting-pressure-stabilizing output system, the first pressure sensor 2 is set to an initial fixed value. During the processing process, the variable-frequency induced draft fan 17 is adjusted to ensure that the first pressure sensor 2 always maintains the initial fixed value.) The low-temperature exhaust gas purified by the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) is tested and found to meet emission standards before being discharged under the action of the variable-frequency induced draft fan 17. The dust removal component 7 in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) has a temperature resistance of greater than 200°C, so a pulse back-blowing bag dust removal component can be selected.

[0077] The structure diagram of steam generation-purification system (III) is as follows Figure 7As shown, it includes a steam generating heat exchanger 16 and a cyclone demister 30 of shell and tube structure. In the steam generating heat exchanger 16, hot gas flows through the tube side and water flows through the shell side. Expansion joints 18 are installed on the upper and lower parts of the steam generating heat exchanger 16 to eliminate the damage caused by the expansion of the steam generating heat exchanger 16. The upper end of the steam generating heat exchanger 16 is connected to the gas outlet 12 pipeline on the dust removal device 4 in the high-temperature dust collector system (Ⅰ) through the high-temperature gas inlet end 20, the upper end of the steam generating heat exchanger 16 is fixedly connected to the heat exchanger barrel by a flange, and the lower end of the cone is fixedly connected to the heat exchanger barrel by a flange. The low-temperature exhaust gas outlet 22 at the lower end of the steam generating heat exchanger 16 is connected to the gas inlet 8 pipeline on the dust removal device 1 in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (Ⅱ). A membrane plate 19-A (such as Figure 8 As shown in a, it can make water flow down along the outer wall of the heat exchange tube in a film-like manner) and a film baffle 19-B (as shown in a) for film distribution, fixing the heat exchanger, and providing a channel for the generated steam to flow down. Figure 8 As shown in b, it is used to fix the heat exchanger and reduce the vibration of the heat exchange tube. The membrane plate 19-A includes a whole plate and petal-shaped membrane holes evenly distributed on it. The heat exchange tube passes through the membrane holes for fixation. The membrane plate 19-A is sealed and welded to the shell of the steam generator heat exchanger 16. The membrane holes on the membrane plate 19-A (its structure is shown in Figure 9 The relationship between the dimensional parameters of the heat exchange tubes (as shown) and the heat exchange tubes is: H1 = 0.01D1 to 0.04D1, H2 = 2 to 5 mm, where H1 is the vertical distance between the inner diameter of the membrane hole and the outer wall of the heat exchange tube, D1 is the diameter of the heat exchange tube, and H2 is the vertical distance between the outer diameter of the membrane hole and the outer wall of the heat exchange tube. To ensure sufficient space for water to flow down the tube wall, the radius R1 of the circular arc of the holes in the membrane plate 19-A is equal to R2, and the two are tangent. The size and number of these holes are determined by the outer diameter of the heat exchange tube and H2. In the membrane plate 19-A and the membrane baffle 19-B, the size of H1 is to stabilize the heat exchange tube and prevent it from shaking, while the size of H2 is to ensure that sufficient water flows down the tube from top to bottom, forming a continuous film.

[0078] Membrane baffles 19-B are used to spread the membrane, secure the heat exchanger, and provide a path for the generated steam to flow downward. Their number is determined by the length of the steam-generating heat exchanger 16. The spacing between adjacent membrane baffles must not exceed 1 meter, and the spacing between adjacent membrane panels 19-A and 19-B must not exceed 1 meter. The gaps formed between adjacent membrane baffles 19-B and the inner wall of the heat exchanger are located at the left and right ends. The top height of the arc of the cut portion of membrane baffles 19-B, compared to membrane distributor 19A, should be 1 / 3-1 / 4 the diameter of the entire membrane distributor.

[0079] In the cyclone demister 30, the water / water vapor inlet 34 of the cyclone inner drum 31 in the cyclone demister 30 is connected to the water / water vapor outlet 23 on the lower side of the steam generating heat exchanger 16, and a fifth pressure sensor 35 and a fifth temperature sensor 36 are sequentially arranged between the water / water vapor outlet 23 and the water / water vapor inlet 34; the first water inlet 38 at the upper end of the side of the water storage tank 37 is connected to the water outlet 39 on the upper side of the steam generating heat exchanger; the water tank outlet 40 at the bottom end of the side of the water storage tank 37 is connected to the uppermost expansion joint 18 in the steam generating heat exchanger 16, and a sixth pressure sensor 41, a first flow meter 42, a first ball valve 44, a circulating water pump 45 and a second ball valve 46 are sequentially arranged between the uppermost expansion joint 18 and the water storage tank outlet 40.

[0080] To remove water droplets and mist droplets contained in the steam, a wire mesh 33 is provided on the cyclone demister 30. The cyclone demister 30 comprises an integrally formed upper demister cone 32, a demister cylinder (which contains a cyclone inner cylinder 31), a lower demister cone II, a water storage cylinder, and a lower demister cone I. A sight glass is mounted on the upper demister cone 32 for easy observation, and a demister wire mesh 33 is installed at the connection between the upper demister cone 31 and the cyclone inner cylinder. A second water inlet 47 above the liquid level of the water storage tank 37 in the cyclone demister 30 is connected to the clean water tank 48. A one-way valve 49, a third ball valve 50, a water pump 51, and a fourth ball valve 52 are provided in sequence between the second water inlet 47 and the clean water tank 48 to ensure the height of the liquid level in the water storage tank 37. An externally discharged pneumatic ball valve 53 is provided at the bottom of the cyclone demister 30 for regularly replacing the water in the water storage tank 37.

[0081] The water vapor outlet 54 at the top of the cyclone demister 30 is connected to the water vapor inlet 61 at the variable frequency screw machine 60 via a pipe, and the pipe is fixed to the water vapor outlet 54 at the top of the cyclone demister 30 via a flange. The water vapor inlet 61 at the variable frequency screw machine 60 is connected to the water vapor outlet 54 at the top of the cyclone demister 30. A first electric regulating valve 55, a fifth ball valve 56, a second electric regulating valve 57, a safety valve 58, and a seventh pressure sensor 59 are sequentially disposed between the steam outlet 54 and the steam inlet 61. These devices are coordinated and adjusted to enable the steam generating heat exchanger to operate under non-pressure vessel conditions. That is, when the steam generating heat exchanger is operating, the relative steam pressure is less than 0.1 MPa. Specifically, the coordinated adjustment method is as follows: the seventh pressure sensor 59 is linked to the first electric regulating valve 55 and determines its opening. When the pressure exceeds 0.09 MPa, the first electric regulating valve 55 opens to discharge steam, ensuring that the pressure in the steam generating heat exchanger 16 is below 0.1 MPa. When the pressure is less than 0.09 MPa, the first electric regulating valve 55 closes. When the pressure of either the seventh pressure sensor 59 or the sixth pressure sensor 41 exceeds 0.1 MPa, the first electric regulating valve 55 automatically opens to discharge steam, and the circulating water pump 45 is automatically stopped. When the set pressure of the safety valve is greater than 0.1Mpa, it will automatically jump to ensure that the system safety ball valve 56 is the valve connecting steam and production equipment. When the production equipment needs steam, this valve opens to supply gas to the outside.

[0082] The boost-stabilized output system (IV) includes a variable frequency screw machine 60 (its structure is as follows) connected to the cyclone demister 30. Figure 10As shown, a third electric regulating valve 65 is installed on the pipeline connecting the water vapor inlet 61 and the pressurized gas outlet 62 of the variable frequency screw machine 60. The third electric regulating valve 65 always maintains a certain opening to ensure that the frequency converter frequency of the variable frequency screw machine is not lower than 8 Hz to avoid shutdown. (When the steam generated in the cyclone demister 30 cannot be promptly used and discharged after being pressurized by the variable frequency screw machine 60, in order to ensure that the variable frequency screw machine continues to operate at a frequency greater than 8 Hz, protect the variable frequency screw unit, and extend its service life, the pressurized steam can be returned to the front of the variable frequency screw machine through the action of the third electric regulating valve 65. The opening size of the third electric regulating valve 65 is determined according to the requirement that the operating frequency of the variable frequency screw unit 60 is greater than 8 Hz. If the returned steam causes the pressure in the steam generating heat exchanger 16 to rise, the first electric regulating valve 55, the second electric regulating valve 57, and the safety valve 58 are used to adjust the pressure in a coordinated manner to keep the steam generating heat exchanger within the operating range of a non-pressure vessel.) An eighth pressure sensor 63 and a fifth temperature sensor 64 are installed in sequence on the gas outlet pipe of the variable frequency screw compressor 60. The variable frequency screw compressor 60 boosts the steam pressure after treatment by the cyclone demister 30, increasing it by up to eight times, providing steam at a pressure of 1.4 MPa. The variable frequency screw compressor 60 is linked to the eighth pressure sensor 63. By setting the pressure value of the eighth pressure sensor 63, the variable frequency screw compressor 60 automatically adjusts its operating frequency, achieving stable, adjustable steam pressure output, thus achieving a stable steam pressure output of 0.1 to 1.4 MPa.

[0083] In summary, the steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilization output system disclosed in the present invention adopts a shell and tube steam generation heat exchanger, high-temperature hot gas flows through the tube side, and water flows through the shell side, which can make water flow down in the form of a film along the outer wall of the tube. The heat exchange coefficient between hot air and water is high, and at the same time, the system stores less water and has high safety. The design of the petal-shaped holes in the membrane plate can not only fix the water pipe, but also ensure that there is enough water to make the water flow down in the form of a film along the outer wall of the tube. The membrane thickness is greater than 1mm, and the membrane is evenly distributed. A wire mesh is provided in the cyclone demister, which can purify the steam generated by the steam generation heat exchanger and condense the water vapor into water droplets and mist droplets. A variable frequency screw machine is used to boost the processed steam, which can achieve a stable output of 0.1 to 1.4 MPa steam pressure.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilizing output system utilizing high-temperature dust exhaust gas, characterized in that: The steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilizing output system comprises a high-temperature dust collector system (I), a steam generation-purification system (III) and a boosting-pressure stabilizing output system (IV) connected in sequence, and a low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) connected to the steam generation-purification system (III); The steam generation-purification system (III) includes a shell-and-tube steam generation heat exchanger (16), wherein the steam generation heat exchanger (16) is provided with a membrane plate (19-A) and n membrane baffles (19-B) in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction, wherein the spacing between the membrane plate (19-A) and the adjacent membrane baffles (19-B) and between the adjacent membrane baffles (19-B) is not greater than 1m, and m expansion joints (18) are also provided on the tube wall of the steam generation heat exchanger (16), and n and m are integers not less than 2; The membrane plate (19-A) comprises a whole plate sealedly connected to the inner wall of the steam generating heat exchanger and circular petal-shaped membrane holes arranged in sequence on the whole plate, wherein the heat exchange tube of the steam generating heat exchanger passes through the membrane hole, H1=0.01D1~0.04D1, H2=2~5mm, wherein H1 is the vertical distance between the inner diameter of the membrane hole and the outer wall of the heat exchange tube, D1 is the diameter of the heat exchange tube, and H2 is the vertical distance between the outer diameter of the membrane hole and the outer wall of the heat exchange tube; The membrane baffle (19-B) is formed by cutting the membrane plate (19-A) along a straight line, wherein the arc top height of the cut portion is 1 / 3-1 / 4 of the diameter of the entire plate in the membrane distributor, the arc portion of the membrane baffle (19-B) is sealed and connected to the inner wall of the heat exchanger, and the gaps formed by adjacent membrane baffles (19-B) and the inner wall of the heat exchanger are respectively located at the left and right ends; The high-temperature gas inlet end (20) of the steam generating heat exchanger (16) is connected to the gas outlet (12) of the high-temperature dust collector system (I) with an operating temperature of ≤400°C, and the low-temperature exhaust gas outlet end (22) is connected to the gas inlet (8) of the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) with an operating temperature of ≤200°C; The high-temperature dust collector system (I) and the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) both contain a dust removal device (4), the dust removal device (4) consisting of a compressed air backflush pipe (5) arranged in the dust collector housing (6), a dust removal assembly (7) and an ash hopper (9) from top to bottom, the ash hopper (9) being located directly below the dust removal assembly (7), a cooler (10) and a flap valve (11) being sequentially arranged at the bottom of the ash hopper (9), a gas inlet (8) of the dust removal device being arranged on the side of the ash hopper (9), and a gas outlet (12) being arranged above the dust removal device; The dust removal component (7) in the high-temperature dust collector system (I) has a temperature resistance greater than 400°C, and the dust removal component (7) in the high-temperature dust collector system (I) is any one of an inorganic fiber bag dust removal component, a metal fiber dust removal component, or a porous ceramic membrane dust removal component. The dust removal component (7) in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) has a temperature resistance greater than 200°C, and the dust removal component (7) in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) is a pulse back-blowing bag dust removal component. The gas outlet (12) of the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) is connected to a variable frequency induced draft fan (17) that provides a negative pressure environment for the steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilization output system.

2. The steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilizing output system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air regulating valve (1), a first temperature sensor (3) and a first pressure sensor (2) are sequentially arranged before the gas inlet (8) in the high-temperature dust collector system (I); A second pressure sensor (13), a second temperature sensor (14) and a first dust sensor (15) are sequentially provided between the gas outlet (12) of the high-temperature dust collector system (I) and the high-temperature gas inlet (20) of the steam generating heat exchanger (16); A third pressure sensor (25) and a third temperature sensor (24) are connected in sequence between the gas inlet (8) of the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) and the low-temperature exhaust gas outlet (22) of the steam generator heat exchanger (16); A fourth temperature sensor (27), a second dust sensor (28), and a fourth pressure sensor (29) are sequentially provided between the gas outlet (12) and the variable frequency induced draft fan (17) in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II).

3. The steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilizing output system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steam generation-purification system (III) further includes a cyclone demister (30) connected to the steam generation heat exchanger (16); A wire mesh (33) capable of condensing water vapor into mist droplets is provided between the cyclone inner cylinder (31) and the upper cone (32) of the cyclone demister; The water / water vapor inlet (34) of the cyclone inner cylinder (31) in the cyclone demister is connected to the water / water vapor outlet (23) at the lower end of the steam generating heat exchanger, and a fifth pressure sensor (35) and a first flow meter (36) are sequentially provided between the water / water vapor outlet (23) and the water / water vapor inlet (34); A first water inlet (38) on the upper side of the water storage tank (37) in the cyclone demister (30) is connected to a water outlet (39) on the upper side of the steam generator heat exchanger; The water storage tank outlet (40) at the bottom end of the side of the water storage tank (37) of the cyclone demister (30) is connected to the uppermost expansion joint (18) in the steam generator heat exchanger (16), and a sixth pressure sensor (41), a second flow meter (42), a first ball valve (44), a circulating water pump (45) and a second ball valve (46) are sequentially arranged between the uppermost expansion joint (18) and the water storage tank outlet (40); A second water inlet (47) located above the liquid level of the water storage tank (37) in the cyclone demister (30) is connected to the clean water tank (48), and a one-way valve (49), a third ball valve (50), a water pump (51), and a fourth ball valve (52) are sequentially provided between the second water inlet (47) and the clean water tank (48); An externally discharged pneumatic ball valve (53) for regularly replacing water in the water storage tank (37) is provided at the bottom of the cyclone demister (30).

4. The steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilizing output system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The boost-stabilized output system (IV) includes a variable frequency screw machine (60) with a frequency converter of not less than 8 Hz; The water vapor inlet (61) of the variable frequency screw machine (60) is connected to the water vapor outlet (54) at the top of the cyclone demister (30), and a first electric regulating valve (55), a fifth ball valve (56), a second electric regulating valve (57), a safety valve (58) and a seventh pressure sensor (59) are sequentially arranged between the water vapor outlet (54) and the water vapor inlet (61); An eighth pressure sensor (63) and a fifth temperature sensor (64) are sequentially provided between the pressure gas outlet (62) of the variable frequency screw machine (60) and the application device; A third electric regulating valve (65) is provided between the pressure gas outlet (62) and the water vapor inlet (61) of the variable frequency screw machine (60).

5. A method for utilizing high-temperature dust exhaust gas, characterized in that: The method is performed using the device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, and the method specifically comprises: (1) The air flow rate of the high-temperature dust exhaust gas is adjusted by the air regulating valve (1) to reduce the temperature of the high-temperature dust exhaust gas to below 400°C. After the dust is removed by the dust removal device (4) of the high-temperature dust collector system (Ⅰ), clean hot air is obtained: (2) The clean hot gas enters the shell-and-tube steam generator heat exchanger (16) in the steam generation-purification system (III), the hot gas flows through the tube side and the water flows through the shell side, and the hot air generated at a temperature not higher than 200°C enters the dust removal device (4) in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) for further dust removal treatment, and is directly discharged after the gas content reaches the standard; the generated steam enters the cyclone demister (30) to remove water droplets and mist droplets in the water vapor to obtain steam; (3) The steam enters the variable frequency screw machine (60) in the boosting-pressure stabilizing output system (IV) for boosting and achieving a stable output with adjustable pressure.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that A membrane plate (19-A) and a membrane baffle (19-B) are provided in the steam generating heat exchanger (16), and a heat exchange tube is fixed in the middle of the holes of the membrane plate (19-A) and the membrane baffle (19-B). Hot gas passes through the heat exchange tube, and water flows from top to bottom through the gap between the outer wall of the heat exchange tube and the inner wall of the hole. The water forms a water film with a thickness of more than 1 mm on the outer wall of the heat exchange tube, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The steam generating heat exchanger (16) is operated under non-pressure vessel conditions by means of the first electric regulating valve (55), the second electric regulating valve (57), the safety valve (58) and the seventh pressure sensor (59), i.e., the relative steam pressure is less than 0.1 MPa when the steam generating heat exchanger is operating; The linkage adjustment is specifically as follows: the opening size of the first electric regulating valve (55) is determined by the seventh pressure sensor (59), and when the relative pressure displayed by the seventh pressure sensor (59) is greater than 0.08 MPa, the opening size of the first electric regulating valve (55) is increased, otherwise it is decreased to be closed; the opening size of the second electric regulating valve (57) is determined by the seventh pressure sensor (59), and when the relative pressure displayed by the seventh pressure sensor (59) is greater than 0.09 MPa, the opening size of the second electric regulating valve (57) is increased, otherwise it is decreased to be closed; the switch of the safety valve (58) is determined by the seventh pressure sensor (59), and when the relative pressure displayed by the seventh pressure sensor (59) is greater than 0.095 MPa, the safety valve (58) is opened, otherwise it is closed.

8. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that When the steam generated in the cyclone demister (30) is not promptly discharged after being pressurized by the variable frequency screw machine (60), in order to ensure that the variable frequency screw machine continues to operate at a frequency greater than 8 Hz, protect the variable frequency screw machine unit, and extend its service life, the steam after the pressurization treatment is returned to the front of the variable frequency screw machine through the action of the third electric regulating valve (65). The opening size of the third electric regulating valve (65) is determined according to the requirement that the operating frequency of the variable frequency screw machine (60) is greater than 8 Hz; If the returned steam causes the pressure in the steam generating heat exchanger (16) to rise, the first electric regulating valve (55), the second electric regulating valve (57) and the safety valve (58) are linked to adjust the steam generating heat exchanger so that the steam generating heat exchanger is in the working range of a non-pressure vessel; A variable frequency screw machine (60) is linked to an eighth pressure sensor (63), and by setting the pressure value of the eighth pressure sensor (63), the variable frequency screw machine (60) automatically adjusts the operating frequency to achieve a stable output with adjustable steam pressure, thereby achieving a stable output of steam pressure of 0.1 to 1.4 MPa.

9. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that In the method, the first pressure sensor (2) and the variable frequency induced draft fan (17) are used in combination to ensure that the hot air of the entire steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilization output system is in a negative pressure environment. Specifically, before the high-temperature dust waste enters the steam generation-boosting-pressure stabilization output system, the first pressure sensor (2) is set to an initial fixed value, and during the processing, the variable frequency induced draft fan (17) is adjusted to ensure that the first pressure sensor (2) always maintains the initial fixed value. Determining the blockage of the dust removal component in the high-temperature dust removal system (I) by the pressure difference between the second pressure sensor (13) and the first pressure sensor (2), and determining the integrity of the dust removal component in the high-temperature dust removal system (I) by the value displayed by the first dust sensor (15); Determine the blockage of the dust removal component in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) by the pressure difference between the fourth pressure sensor (29) and the third pressure sensor (25), and determine the integrity of the dust removal component in the low-temperature dust collector protection system (II) by the value displayed by the second dust sensor (28); The compressed air backflush pipe (5) backflushes the dust clogged on the dust removal component into the ash hopper.

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