Polishing device and polishing method

Abstract

The embodiment of the present invention discloses a polishing device and a polishing method. The polishing device, for example, includes: a bracket, a polishing tank, a first transmission assembly, a first power assembly, a second power assembly, a second transmission assembly, a lifting assembly, a third power assembly, a third transmission assembly, and an ultrasonic vibration assembly, wherein the other end of the ultrasonic vibration assembly is used to connect the workpiece to be polished; wherein the polishing tank can rotate relative to the platform under the drive of the first transmission assembly, and the workpiece to be polished can reciprocate relative to the polishing tank with the ultrasonic vibration assembly and the lifting assembly under the drive of the second transmission assembly; the workpiece to be polished can rotate relative to the lifting assembly with the ultrasonic vibration assembly under the drive of the third transmission assembly. The embodiment of the present invention can improve the polishing efficiency and polishing uniformity.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of precision machining, in particular to a polishing device and a polishing method. Background Art

[0002] As my country's manufacturing industry develops towards high-precision and intelligent manufacturing, the requirements for workpiece surface quality and performance are getting higher and higher. Polishing is an important means to improve the surface quality of workpieces. It is the last process in the workpiece processing process. Its main function is to remove the processing marks and surface damage left by the previous process on the workpiece surface, thereby reducing the roughness of the workpiece surface and obtaining a precision workpiece with high finish and high precision.

[0003] Precision workpieces are widely used in aerospace, medical equipment, high-end manufacturing and precision instrument components. However, the shape of precision workpieces is usually formed by the envelopment of a variety of complex curved surfaces, which greatly increases the difficulty of achieving precision workpiece surface polishing. Therefore, there are new requirements on the road to developing and upgrading polishing technology. At present, the technologies for achieving precision polishing of workpiece surfaces include: chemical mechanical polishing (CMP), magnetorheological polishing (MRF), abrasive water jet polishing (AWJP) and electrochemical polishing (ECP). CMP uses the combined action of chemical corrosion and mechanical scouring to achieve high-quality and flat polishing of the workpiece plane. ECP uses the principle of electrochemical corrosion to connect the workpiece to the positive pole of the power supply to achieve a polishing technology in which the peaks and burrs on the workpiece surface are dissolved. Both CMP and ECP technologies use the principle of chemical corrosion to achieve efficient material removal rates, but the polishing liquid after use contains a large amount of metal and non-metal elements, and the residual chemical corrosion reagents require a lot of cost for harmless treatment. MRF controls the movement, aggregation and arrangement of magnetic abrasives in the polishing liquid by controlling the distribution of the external magnetic field, thereby achieving polishing of the workpiece surface with magnetic abrasives. However, after a long period of polishing, the magnetic abrasives will be demagnetized, resulting in reduced polishing efficiency and quality. AWJP is to pressurize the aqueous solution containing abrasives and spray it locally on the workpiece surface at high pressure to obtain a high-finish surface, but the recovery rate of the jet polishing liquid is low, which will cause environmental pollution and waste of resources.

[0004] Shear thickening polishing (STP) technology is a flexible polishing method that disperses polishing abrasives in a polishing base fluid and utilizes the non-Newtonian shear thickening properties of the polishing base fluid. Under shear action, the thickened base fluid wraps and carries the abrasives, so that when it flows over the workpiece surface, it produces a micro-cutting effect, achieving material removal from the workpiece surface. The fluidity of the shear thickening polishing fluid allows it to fit the workpiece surface well for polishing, solving the difficulty of polishing complex curved surfaces. However, when polishing a narrow area, the thickened fluid is easily accumulated and clogged in the area, making the polishing of the narrow area ineffective. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of at least some of the deficiencies and defects in the prior art, embodiments of the present invention provide a polishing device and method, which can improve polishing efficiency and polishing uniformity.

[0006] Specifically, a polishing device provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes, for example: a bracket, including a platform and a column, the platform including an upper side and a lower side arranged oppositely, the column including a first side and a second side arranged oppositely; one end of the column is erected on an end of the upper side of the platform; a polishing groove is arranged on the upper side of the platform and is located on a side of the column adjacent to the first side; a first transmission assembly is arranged on the lower side of the platform, the first transmission assembly is connected to the polishing groove; a first power assembly is arranged on an end of the second side of the column adjacent to the platform, the first power assembly is connected to the first transmission assembly; a second power assembly is arranged on the second side of the column; the second transmission assembly is connected to the first power assembly, The invention comprises a second power assembly and is located on one side of the column adjacent to the second side surface; a lifting assembly, connected to the second transmission assembly; a third power assembly, arranged on one end of the lifting assembly away from the platform; a third transmission assembly, connected to the third power assembly; an ultrasonic vibration assembly, arranged on the lifting assembly and one end of which is connected to the third transmission assembly, and the other end of the ultrasonic vibration assembly is used to connect the workpiece to be polished; wherein, the polishing groove can rotate relative to the platform under the drive of the first transmission assembly, and the workpiece to be polished can reciprocate relative to the polishing groove with the ultrasonic vibration assembly and the lifting assembly under the drive of the second transmission assembly; the workpiece to be polished can rotate relative to the lifting assembly with the ultrasonic vibration assembly under the drive of the third transmission assembly.

[0007] In one embodiment of the present invention, the polishing tank is used to place a polishing liquid, and the polishing liquid includes deionized water, thickening particles, a shear thickening polymer and polishing abrasive particles; wherein the thickening particles are selected from at least one of fumed silica and aluminum oxide; and the shear thickening polymer is selected from at least one of polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, the particle size of the thickening particles is in the range of 12 to 50 nanometers; the degree of polymerization of the shear thickening polymer is in the range of 800 to 3000, and the particle size is in the range of 100 to 200 nanometers.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, an opening is provided on one end of the column away from the platform; the lifting assembly comprises: a lifting plate, accommodated in the opening and connected to the second transmission assembly; a first holding plate, connected to one end of the lifting plate, a first through hole being provided on the first holding plate; a second holding plate, connected to the other end opposite to the lifting plate, the first holding plate and the second holding plate being located on a side of the lifting plate away from the second power assembly; a second through hole being provided on the second holding plate; wherein, the one end of the ultrasonic vibration assembly is connected to the third transmission assembly through the first through hole, and can rotate relative to the second holding plate under the drive of the third transmission assembly; the other end of the ultrasonic vibration assembly is connected to the second holding plate through the second through hole, the lower end of the ultrasonic vibration assembly extends out of the second through hole, and is used to connect the workpiece to be polished.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the ultrasonic vibration component includes: a transmission disk, which is detachably connected to the third transmission component; a transmission flange, which is arranged opposite to the transmission disk; a third through hole is arranged on the transmission flange; a support rod, whose opposite ends are respectively connected to the transmission flange; an ultrasonic transducer, which is connected to the transmission flange, and the ultrasonic transducer includes a vibration output end, and the vibration output end is penetrated into the third through hole of the transmission flange; a shoulder, which is located on the side of the transmission flange away from the transmission disk and abuts against the transmission flange, and the shoulder is sleeved on the vibration output end; a bearing, including a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring, the shoulder is connected to the bearing inner ring, and the bearing outer ring is sleeved outside the bearing inner ring and can rotate relative to the bearing inner ring; the bearing outer ring is embedded in the second through hole of the second retaining plate, and the vibration output end extends out of the bearing outer ring and the second through hole for connecting the workpiece to be polished.

[0011] On the other hand, a polishing method provided in an embodiment of the present invention is applied to the polishing device described in any one of the above-mentioned items, and the polishing method includes: placing the polishing liquid into the polishing tank; controlling the lifting assembly to move downward and drive the workpiece to be polished to be immersed in the polishing liquid in the polishing tank; controlling the polishing tank to rotate so that the polishing liquid undergoes shear thickening, and the rotation speed range of the polishing tank is 50~300rad / min; controlling the ultrasonic vibration assembly to drive the workpiece to be polished to vibrate, wherein the vibration frequency range of the ultrasonic vibration assembly is 20~40kHz, and the vibration amplitude range is 0.1~1mm; and controlling the ultrasonic transducer to drive the workpiece to be polished to rotate, so that the rotation speed range of the workpiece to be polished is 10~100rad / min.

[0012] One or more of the above technical solutions have at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0013] (1) The ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision polishing device and method based on shear thickening of non-Newtonian fluids provided by the present invention connects the workpiece to be polished with an ultrasonic vibration component to vibrate the workpiece to be polished, thereby increasing the relative speed and relative displacement between the surface of the workpiece to be polished and the polishing liquid, greatly improving the material removal rate and the polishing efficiency.

[0014] (2) The present invention applies ultrasonic vibration to complex curved surface workpieces, which can effectively clear the problem of uneven polishing caused by blockage and accumulation of shear thickening polishing liquid in narrow areas, thereby improving the uniformity of the polishing effect.

[0015] (3) The present invention can be applied to various parts with complex curved surfaces, and can effectively polish both complex concave surfaces and complex convex surfaces.

[0016] (4) The polishing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention has high reliability and is easy to produce, operate and maintain. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a polishing device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the polishing device from another perspective is shown.

[0020] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the bracket shown.

[0021] Figure 4 for Figure 2 The cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the polishing device shown.

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 1 An exploded schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the lifting assembly, the third power assembly, the third transmission assembly, the ultrasonic vibration assembly and the workpiece to be polished is shown.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of a workpiece to be polished according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the change of surface material removal rate of the workpiece to be polished over time.

[0025] Figure 8a and Figure 8b Schematic diagrams of the ultra-depth-of-field microscopic morphology of the surface of the workpiece to be polished before and after polishing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, a polishing device 10 is provided in the first embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the polishing device 10 is, for example, an ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision polishing device for shear thickening of non-Newtonian fluids. The polishing device 10 includes, for example, a bracket 110, a polishing tank 120, a first transmission assembly 130, a first power assembly 140, a second power assembly 150, a second transmission assembly 160, a lifting assembly 170, a third power assembly 180, a third transmission assembly 190, and an ultrasonic vibration assembly 200.

[0028] The bracket 110 is used, for example, to provide support and installation positions for other components of the polishing device 10. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the bracket 110 includes, for example, a platform 111 and a column 112. The platform 111 includes, for example, an upper side surface 1111 and a lower side surface 1112 that are arranged opposite to each other. The column 112 includes, for example, a first side surface 1121 and a second side surface 1122 that are arranged opposite to each other; one end of the column 112 is erected on one end of the upper side surface 1111 on the platform 111. That is, the column 112 and the platform 111 are connected to form a bracket 110 with an "L"-shaped structure.

[0029] The polishing groove 120 is used to contain polishing liquid for polishing the workpiece to be polished inserted into the polishing liquid. The polishing groove 120 is disposed on the upper side 1111 of the platform 111 and is located on one side of the column 112 adjacent to the first side 1121. The polishing groove 120 is, for example, a circular groove.

[0030] The first transmission assembly 130 is, for example, disposed on the lower side 1112 of the platform 111. The first transmission assembly 130 is connected to the polishing tank 120. The first transmission assembly 130 is, for example, a pulley transmission assembly, a gear transmission assembly, a sprocket transmission assembly, etc., but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto. The first power assembly 140 is, for example, a device and equipment that can provide power, such as a motor or a pump. The first power assembly 140 is, for example, installed on the second side 1122 of the column 112 adjacent to one end of the platform 111, such as Figure 2 The lower end of the middle column 112. The first power assembly 140 is connected to the first transmission assembly 130. For example, the first power assembly 140 is a stepper motor, and the first transmission assembly 130 is a gear transmission group including a driving gear and a driven gear. The output shaft of the stepper motor is connected to the driving gear to transmit power to the polishing tank 120 through the gear transmission group, driving the polishing tank 120 to rotate. The second power assembly 150 is, for example, a device and equipment that can provide power, such as a motor and a pump. The second power assembly 150 is, for example, fixedly arranged on the second side surface 1122 of the column 112. The second transmission assembly 160 is, for example, a ball screw transmission assembly. The second transmission assembly 160 is connected to the second power assembly 150 and is located on the side of the column 112 adjacent to the second side surface 1122. The lifting assembly 170 is connected to the second transmission assembly 160. The lifting assembly 170 can realize lifting and lowering motion under the drive of the second power assembly 150 and the second transmission assembly 160.

[0031] The third power assembly 180 is, for example, a device or equipment that can provide power, such as a motor or a pump. The third power assembly 180 is, for example, disposed on an end of the lifting assembly 170 away from the platform 111. Figure 2 The third transmission assembly 190 is connected to the third power assembly 180. The third transmission assembly 190 is, for example, a pulley transmission assembly, a gear transmission assembly, a sprocket transmission assembly, etc., but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0032] The ultrasonic vibration component 200 is, for example, a device or equipment that can generate ultrasonic vibrations. The ultrasonic vibration component 200 is, for example, disposed on the lifting component 170, one end of the ultrasonic vibration component 200 is connected to the third transmission component 190, and the other end of the ultrasonic vibration component 200 is used to connect to the workpiece 300 to be polished.

[0033] In which, the polishing tank 120 can rotate relative to the platform 111 under the drive of the first transmission component 130, and the workpiece 300 to be polished can reciprocate relative to the polishing tank 120 with the ultrasonic vibration component 200 and the lifting component 170 driven by the second transmission component 160; the workpiece 300 to be polished can rotate relative to the lifting component 170 with the ultrasonic vibration component 200 driven by the third transmission component 190.

[0034] In this way, the polishing device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention connects the workpiece 300 to be polished with the ultrasonic vibration component 200 to vibrate the workpiece to be polished, thereby greatly improving the material removal rate and the polishing efficiency.

[0035] In addition, the polishing liquid involved in the embodiment of the present invention is, for example, a non-Newtonian fluid, specifically including deionized water, thickening particles, shear thickening polymers and polishing abrasives. Among them, the thickening particles are selected from at least one of fumed silica and aluminum oxide; the shear thickening polymer is selected from at least one of polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol. The polishing abrasive is selected from one of silicon dioxide, diamond, and silicon carbide. The embodiment of the present invention controls the polishing groove to be rotatable so that the polishing liquid with specific components has the shear thickening characteristics of a non-Newtonian fluid, thereby improving the polishing effect of the workpiece to be polished. Furthermore, the particle size range of the thickening particles is 12 to 50 nanometers; the degree of polymerization of the shear thickening polymer is in the range of 800 to 3000, and the particle size range is 100 to 200 nanometers. The particle size range of the polishing abrasive is 1.5 to 5 microns.

[0036] In addition, if Figure 3 As shown, an opening 1123 is provided on one end of the column 112 away from the platform 111. Figure 4As shown, the lifting assembly 170 includes, for example, a lifting plate 171, a first holding plate 172, and a second holding plate 173. Specifically, the lifting plate 171 is accommodated in the opening 1123 and connected to the second transmission assembly 160. The first holding plate 172 is connected to one end of the lifting plate 171, and a first through hole 1721 is provided on the first holding plate 172. The second holding plate 173 is connected to the other end opposite to the lifting plate 171, and the first holding plate 172 and the second holding plate 173 are located on the side of the lifting plate 171 away from the second power assembly 150; the second holding plate 173 is provided with a second through hole 1731. The first holding plate 171 and the second holding plate 172 form a U-shaped lifting frame with the lifting plate 171. Among them, the one end of the ultrasonic vibration component 200 is connected to the third transmission component 190 through the first through hole 1721, and can rotate relative to the second holding plate 173 under the drive of the third transmission component 190; the other end of the ultrasonic vibration component 200 is connected to the second holding plate 173 through the second through hole 1731, and the other end of the ultrasonic vibration component 200 extends out of the second through hole 1731 and is used to connect the workpiece to be polished 300. For example, the second transmission component 160 includes a double-pass rolling bearing device, a lifting slider, a lead screw, and a single-pass rolling bearing device, etc., to realize the lifting and lowering of the lifting component 170.

[0037] Furthermore, if Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the ultrasonic vibration assembly 200 includes: a transmission disc 210, a transmission flange 220, a support rod 230, an ultrasonic transducer 240, a shoulder 250 and a bearing 260. Specifically, the transmission disc 210 is detachably connected to the third transmission assembly 190 to transmit the power transmitted from the third transmission assembly 190 to the ultrasonic vibration assembly 200. The transmission disc 210 is, for example, a disc, and a connecting hole or a connecting groove is provided on the disc to be detachably connected to the third transmission assembly 190. The transmission flange 220 is arranged opposite to the transmission disc 210. The transmission flange is, for example, a circular flange. A third through hole 221 is provided in the middle of the transmission flange 220. The support rod 230 is, for example, a slender component. The opposite ends of the support rod 230 are respectively connected to the transmission disc 210 and the transmission flange 220, for example, by means of threads, welding, etc. Preferably, the number of the support rods 230 is multiple, and the multiple support rods 230 are evenly connected between the transmission disk 210 and the transmission flange 220. The ultrasonic transducer 240 is, for example, connected to the transmission disk 210 and the transmission flange 220. The ultrasonic transducer 240 is, for example, a device that converts electromagnetic energy into mechanical energy (acoustic energy), and is usually made of piezoelectric ceramics or other magnetostrictive materials. The ultrasonic transducer 240 includes a vibration output end 241, and the vibration output end 241 is inserted into the third through hole 221 of the transmission flange 220. The shoulder 250 is located on the side of the transmission flange 220 away from the transmission disk 210 and abuts against the transmission flange 220, and the shoulder 250 is sleeved on the vibration output end 241. The bearing 260 includes, for example, a bearing inner ring 260 and a bearing outer ring 260. The bearing outer ring is sleeved outside the bearing inner ring and can rotate relative to the bearing inner ring. The shoulder 250 is connected to the inner ring of the bearing 260, the outer ring of the bearing 260 is embedded in the second through hole 1731 of the second retaining plate 173, and the vibration output end 241 extends out of the outer ring of the bearing 260 and the second through hole 1731 to be connected to the workpiece 300 to be polished. In addition, the ultrasonic transducer 240 can be connected to the workpiece 300 to be polished, for example, through a rigid coupling to achieve high-frequency vibration of the workpiece 300 to be polished.

[0038] In addition, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a polishing method. The method can be applied to the polishing device 10 provided in the embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the polishing method includes:

[0039] S100: placing the polishing liquid into the polishing tank 120;

[0040] S200: Control the lifting assembly 170 to move downward and drive the workpiece 300 to be polished to be immersed in the polishing liquid in the polishing tank 120;

[0041] S300: Controlling the polishing tank 120 to rotate so that the polishing liquid undergoes shear thickening, wherein the rotation speed of the polishing tank 120 is in a range of 50-300 rad / min;

[0042] S400: Controlling the ultrasonic vibration component 200 to drive the workpiece to be polished 300 to vibrate, wherein the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic vibration component 200 is in the range of 20-40 kHz, and the vibration amplitude is in the range of 0.1-1 mm; and

[0043] S500: Control the ultrasonic transducer 240 to drive the workpiece 300 to be polished to rotate, so that the rotation speed of the workpiece 300 to be polished is in the range of 10-100 rad / min.

[0044] The embodiment of the present invention can significantly improve the polishing efficiency and effect of the workpiece by adopting the above-mentioned polishing method.

[0045] In addition, if Figure 6 As shown, the workpiece 300 to be polished is, for example, a machining tool. The workpiece to be polished includes, for example, a workpiece body 310 and a plurality of blades 320 arranged on the workpiece body. A groove 330 is formed between the plurality of blades 320. The groove 330 here may be, for example, a pit in a narrow area. Due to the presence of the groove 330, siltation will form in the groove 330, so that the polishing uniformity of the workpiece 300 to be polished is affected. The polishing method provided in the embodiment of the present invention can be applied to various complex curved surface parts, and can effectively polish both complex concave curved surfaces and complex convex curved surfaces. Compared with ordinary shear thickening polishing, the embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of shear thickening, can effectively dredge the uneven polishing problem caused by the blockage and siltation of the shear thickening polishing liquid in a narrow area, and improve the uniformity and consistency of the polishing effect. The principle is as follows:

[0046] Under ultrasonic vibration conditions, a particle on the surface of the workpiece to be polished The motion can be decomposed into: the linear velocity of the workpiece's circular rotation , shear thickening polishing fluid flow rate , the workpiece to be polished is vibrated with an amplitude of A and vibration frequency f Ultrasonic vibration along the axial direction. Establish a reference coordinate system xoy , x The axis is the particle when the workpiece rotates An arc-shaped motion trajectory, y The axis is in the vertical direction of the plumb bob.

[0047] Therefore, under the condition of ultrasonic vibration, the surface particles of the workpiece to be polished of x Direction and yThe equations of motion in the directions can be expressed as: and . Arrange and merge to get the particle The equation of motion is: According to the expression It can be known that under ultrasonic vibration, the particle The trajectory is a trigonometric function curve. At the same time, the motion equation of the ordinary shear thickening polishing method without ultrasonic vibration can be expressed as: According to the expression , we can know that in the case of ordinary shear thickening polishing, the particle The trajectory is a circular function curve.

[0048] Assume the polishing time is the cycle ,right The equation is line integrated, and we get Length of polishing path under ultrasonic vibration conditions within time: ,in The polishing route length of ordinary shear thickening polishing is: According to the above analysis, the shear thickening polishing path under ultrasonic vibration conditions is longer than the ordinary shear thickening polishing path under non-ultrasonic conditions, that is, .

[0049] At the same time, for both cases, The polishing speed at the Equation versus time t By taking the derivative, we can get the value of the particle on the workpiece under ultrasonic vibration conditions. Polishing speed at: The polishing speed of ordinary shear thickening polishing is: According to the above analysis, the shear thickening polishing speed under ultrasonic vibration conditions is greater than the ordinary shear thickening polishing speed under non-ultrasonic conditions, that is, .

[0050] Based on the above analysis, it can be seen that ultrasonic vibration can extend the polishing path in the same time and increase the polishing speed, thereby having a significant strengthening effect on shear thickening polishing, that is, the ultrasonic-assisted polishing of shear thickening of non-Newtonian fluids has a significantly enhanced polishing effect than that of conventional shear thickening polishing.

[0051] Embodiments of the present invention A specific example is used below to illustrate the polishing method provided by an embodiment of the present invention, and the steps specifically include:

[0052] 1) Prepare a polishing liquid, disperse the components in the polishing liquid evenly by an ultrasonic disperser, and then pour the polishing liquid into the polishing tank 120. The components of the polishing liquid in this embodiment include: deionized water, fumed silica with a particle size of 30nm, polyethylene glycol (PEG1000) with a particle size of 100nm and a polymerization degree of 1000, and diamond abrasive particles with a particle size of 3.5um. Stir and mix 50% by mass of deionized water, 5% by mass of fumed silica, 35% by mass of polyethylene glycol 1000, and 10% by mass of diamond abrasive particles, and disperse the polishing liquid components evenly by an ultrasonic disperser to complete the preparation of a non-Newtonian fluid shear thickening polishing liquid.

[0053] 2) Install and prepare the workpiece to be polished. The workpiece to be polished 300 is, for example, a carbide blade with a narrow area. The height of the lifting assembly 170 is controlled so that the polishing liquid does not cover the polishing area of ​​the workpiece to be polished 300.

[0054] 3) The first power assembly 140 is adjusted by the controller to realize the rotation speed control of the polishing tank 120, and the rotation speed of the polishing tank 120 is controlled to be 90 rad / min. Due to the inertia effect, the polishing liquid follows the movement of the polishing tank 120, and the non-Newtonian fluid polishing liquid is used to polish the surface of the workpiece 300 to be polished. Due to the thickening of the shear flow polishing liquid, the diamond abrasive particles are wrapped by PEG1000, thereby enhancing the polishing of the surface of the workpiece 300 to be polished.

[0055] 4) Start the ultrasonic vibration assembly 200, wherein the vibration frequency of the ultrasonic transducer 11 is 20kHz, the vibration amplitude is 0.5mm, and the rotation speed of the workpiece 300 to be polished connected to the ultrasonic transducer 11 is 30rad / min. The workpiece 300 to be polished connected to the ultrasonic transducer 11 is vibrated at a high frequency to clear the shear thickening polishing liquid accumulated in the narrow area, thereby achieving effective polishing of the surface of the narrow area. The material properties and polishing parameters of the workpiece 300 to be polished are shown in Tables 1 and 2, respectively.

[0056] See also Figure 7 , which shows the relationship between the material removal rate (MRR) and the polishing time obtained by polishing using the method provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The non-Newtonian fluid polishes the surface of the workpiece. Since the surface of the workpiece to be polished is relatively rough at the beginning, the polishing MRR is relatively large when the polishing time is 15 minutes. As the surface of the workpiece to be polished is gradually polished, the smoothness and flatness of the workpiece surface increase, and the MRR gradually decreases within the same time period as the polishing proceeds, and finally tends to be stable. That is to say, it can be seen that the polishing effect of the workpiece surface has basically achieved the expected effect.

[0057] See also Figure 8a and Figure 8b , which shows the polished surface obtained by polishing using the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention ( Figure 8b ) and the surface before polishing ( Figure 8a ). After the workpiece surface is polished, pits, pits, and machining marks are significantly reduced, and the surface finish of the workpiece is significantly improved. Therefore, the present invention can effectively polish the surface of the workpiece to be polished.

[0058] In addition, the present invention can achieve precision polishing of workpieces with complex curved surfaces, especially precision polishing of complex curved surfaces in narrow areas, and has low cost and high efficiency. It can adapt to various complex curved surfaces and achieve uniform polishing effect of complex curved surfaces.

[0059] The method and device provided by the present invention utilize the shear thickening characteristics of non-Newtonian fluid to wrap the polishing abrasive and polish the workpiece surface. The fluidity of the polishing liquid ensures the precision polishing of the workpiece surface, especially the complex curved surface. The polishing liquid that is clogged in the narrow area of ​​the workpiece is cleared by combining the principle of ultrasonic vibration, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the polishing effect.

[0060] In summary, the ultrasonic-assisted high-efficiency precision polishing device and method based on shear thickening of non-Newtonian fluids provided by the present invention connects the workpiece to be polished with an ultrasonic vibration component to vibrate the workpiece to be polished, thereby increasing the relative speed and relative displacement between the surface of the workpiece to be polished and the polishing liquid, greatly increasing the material removal rate, and improving the polishing efficiency. The present invention applies ultrasonic vibration to workpieces with complex curved surfaces, which can effectively dredge the problem of uneven polishing caused by blockage and siltation of shear thickening polishing liquid in narrow areas, and improve the uniformity and consistency of the polishing effect. The present invention can be applied to various complex curved surface parts, and can effectively polish both complex concave surfaces and complex convex surfaces. The polishing device provided by the embodiment of the present invention has high reliability and is easy to produce, operate and maintain.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polishing device, characterized in that: include: The bracket comprises a platform and a column, wherein the platform comprises an upper side surface and a lower side surface which are arranged oppositely, and the column comprises a first side surface and a second side surface which are arranged oppositely; one end of the column is erected on one end of the upper side surface of the platform; A polishing groove is provided on the upper side of the platform and is located on a side of the column adjacent to the first side; A first transmission assembly, disposed on the lower side of the platform, the first transmission assembly being connected to the polishing tank; A first power assembly, disposed on the second side surface of the column adjacent to one end of the platform, the first power assembly being connected to the first transmission assembly; A second power assembly is disposed on the second side surface of the column; A second transmission assembly, connected to the second power assembly and located on a side of the column adjacent to the second side surface; A lifting assembly connected to the second transmission assembly; A third power assembly is arranged on an end of the lifting assembly away from the platform; A third transmission assembly, connected to the third power assembly; An ultrasonic vibration component is arranged on the lifting component, and one end of the ultrasonic vibration component is connected to the third transmission component, and the other end of the ultrasonic vibration component is used to connect to the workpiece to be polished; The polishing tank can rotate relative to the platform under the drive of the first transmission assembly, and the workpiece to be polished can reciprocate relative to the polishing tank along with the ultrasonic vibration assembly and the lifting assembly under the drive of the second transmission assembly; the workpiece to be polished can rotate relative to the lifting assembly along with the ultrasonic vibration assembly under the drive of the third transmission assembly; Wherein, an opening is provided on one end of the column away from the platform; and the lifting assembly comprises: a lifting plate, accommodated in the opening and connected to the second transmission assembly; A first holding plate connected to one end of the lifting plate, wherein the first holding plate is provided with a first through hole; A second holding plate is connected to the other end opposite to the lifting plate, the first holding plate and the second holding plate are located on a side of the lifting plate away from the second power assembly; a second through hole is provided on the second holding plate, and the first holding plate, the second holding plate and the lifting plate form a "U"-shaped lifting frame; Wherein, one end of the ultrasonic vibration component is connected to the third transmission component through the first through hole, and can rotate relative to the second holding plate under the drive of the third transmission component; the other end of the ultrasonic vibration component is connected to the second holding plate through the second through hole, and the lower end of the ultrasonic vibration component extends out of the second through hole and is used to connect the workpiece to be polished; Wherein, the ultrasonic vibration component comprises: A transmission plate, detachably connected to the third transmission assembly; A transmission flange is arranged opposite to the transmission plate; a third through hole is arranged on the transmission flange; A support rod, two opposite ends of which are respectively connected to the transmission flange; an ultrasonic transducer connected to the transmission flange, wherein the ultrasonic transducer comprises a vibration output end, and the vibration output end is inserted into the third through hole of the transmission flange; A shaft shoulder, located at a side of the transmission flange away from the transmission disk and abutting against the transmission flange, the shaft shoulder being sleeved on the vibration output end; A bearing, comprising a bearing inner ring and a bearing outer ring, wherein the shaft shoulder is connected to the inner ring of the bearing, and the bearing outer ring is sleeved outside the inner ring of the bearing and can rotate relative to the inner ring of the bearing; the bearing outer ring is embedded in the second through hole of the second retaining plate, and the vibration output end extends out of the bearing outer ring and the second through hole to be connected to the workpiece to be polished, so as to improve the polishing effect of the workpiece to be polished by extending the polishing path of the particles on the workpiece to be polished and increasing the polishing speed of the particles; The motion trajectory of the particle is a trigonometric function curve, and the polishing path of the particle satisfies: ； The polishing speed of the particle satisfy: ； in, , is the polishing time cycle, is the linear speed of the circular rotation of the workpiece to be polished, is the flow rate of the shear thickening polishing fluid, A is the amplitude of the workpiece to be polished, f is the frequency of the workpiece to be polished.

2. The polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polishing tank is used to place polishing liquid, which includes deionized water, thickening particles, shear thickening polymer and polishing abrasive particles; wherein the thickening particles are selected from at least one of fumed silica and aluminum oxide; and the shear thickening polymer is selected from at least one of polyethylene glycol and polyvinyl alcohol.

3. The polishing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The particle size of the thickening particles ranges from 12 to 50 nanometers; the degree of polymerization of the shear thickening polymer ranges from 800 to 3000, and the particle size ranges from 100 to 200 nanometers.

4. A polishing method, applied to the polishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The polishing method comprises: placing the polishing liquid into the polishing tank; Controlling the lifting assembly to move downward and driving the workpiece to be polished to be immersed in the polishing liquid in the polishing tank; Controlling the rotation of the polishing tank to cause shear thickening of the polishing liquid, the rotation speed of the polishing tank ranging from 50 to 300 rad / min; Controlling the ultrasonic vibration component to drive the workpiece to be polished to vibrate, wherein the vibration frequency range of the ultrasonic vibration component is 20-40 kHz, and the vibration amplitude range is 0.1-1 mm; and The ultrasonic transducer is controlled to drive the workpiece to be polished to rotate, so that the rotation speed of the workpiece to be polished is in the range of 10-100 rad / min.

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