A combustion device for fire simulation and a method of implementing fire simulation

Abstract

The invention relates to a combustion device for fire simulation in fire exercises, wherein the combustion device has a first fuel container and a second fuel container. The first fuel container is arranged to mainly contain liquid fuel, wherein the liquid fuel can expand from the first fuel container into the second fuel container to form gaseous fuel. The combustion device according to the invention is characterized, inter alia, in that it does not need to be cooled in the fire scenario function state, and that it can at least partially achieve self-cooling by expansion of the liquid fuel into gaseous fuel. Furthermore, the invention also comprises a method for implementing a fire scenario.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a combustion device for fire simulation in fire drills or fire scenarios, comprising a first fuel chamber and a second fuel chamber. The first fuel chamber is configured to contain liquid fuel and is sealed from the external environment, wherein the liquid fuel from the first fuel chamber can expand into gaseous fuel in the second fuel chamber. A key feature of the combustion device according to the invention is that it does not require cooling in its fire scenario functional state and can achieve at least partial self-cooling through the expansion of liquid fuel into gaseous fuel. Furthermore, the invention also includes a method for implementing a fire scenario. Background Technology

[0002] Numerous fire, firefighting, operational, and emergency drill facilities exist, employing various combustion scenarios and other drill scenarios. These core scenarios include, for example, burning single-family homes, high-rise buildings, industrial plants, aircraft, warehouses, ships, (oil)chemical plants, or mines. Therefore, drill scenarios can represent fire and smoke scenarios, explosions, firefighting, rescue, or similar scenarios. Examples include combustion, deflagration, explosion, leakage, hazardous materials scenarios, pyrotechnics, smoke screens, and gas accidents.

[0003] In such facilities, fire scenarios are typically characterized by flammable and / or propellant fuel materials ignited, either horizontally or vertically. This also includes so-called fuel spill scenarios, which play a crucial role in aircraft rescue and firefighting, and airport fire brigades must conduct regular drills to meet national and international safety and training standards. Another type of fire scenario refers to the burning surface of flammable materials.

[0004] To represent these fire scenarios, the use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) to ignite corresponding fire simulators has gained worldwide acceptance. LPG is relatively inexpensive, its combustion process is extremely environmentally friendly, it is easy to procure and store, and the fire drills simulated using it can be interrupted and stopped with the touch of a button.

[0005] The use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) composed of pure propane or butane, or mixtures thereof, is particularly common. However, other LPGs, such as natural gas / town gas / acetylene / hydrogen, can also be used. For fire scenarios with very intense flames, high energy, and / or large scale, such LPGs are preferably introduced into the fire simulator in liquid form due to their high energy content in the liquid polymer state.

[0006] Combustion devices, especially liquid-phase burners, are known prior art. DE 69128358T2 discloses a fire drill system with a drill device having a combustion zone arranged in a pit. Thus, a so-called fuel spill simulation can be generated in the context of aircraft fire training, with the combustion zone below ground level. The combustion zone, located in the pit structure, is typically covered with a metal mesh to allow passage for personnel or vehicles, and also to allow the applied extinguishing agent to drain from the surface.

[0007] Fire simulation systems known from DE 102004058190A1 and EP 1261397B1 involve liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) outlet nozzles located above the refractory surface, while the fuel supply system is positioned below it. The walkable refractory surface is composed of a grid structure or is paved with sand, gravel, or slabs of stone. The LPG outlet nozzles are installed at a relatively high position relative to this surface, posing a tripping hazard to participants.

[0008] In known configurations, flames occur on or near the surface or working surface of the fire simulation device. As the burning time increases, this surface experiences very significant heat exposure. If the surface or working surface is formed of a metal mesh, the temperature of the metal components can rise above 450°C. The heat emitted poses a significant safety risk to exercise participants and maintenance personnel.

[0009] Maintaining metal mesh within its operating temperature range to preserve its passable static properties is extremely difficult and costly. Furthermore, excessive heating can cause destructive deformation of metal components, and even stress fractures in metal parts and welds. This is especially true if the surface is simultaneously subjected to the sudden cooling effect of the applied extinguishing agent, resulting in significant alternating thermal loads. Even when sand, gravel, or flagstone pavement encloses the surface or work surface upwards, these materials heat up significantly over longer burning times and cool very slowly; therefore, their immense heat poses a significant potential hazard long after the fire is extinguished.

[0010] To avoid surface heating, EP0535279A1 recommends that the working surfaces or burner elements be at least partially cooled in a coolant (such as water), wherein liquid fuel is introduced into the burner below the coolant level.

[0011] Therefore, there remains a significant demand for burners or combustion devices suitable for fire scenarios. In particular, there is a great need for a combustion device that can be used in both general and special fire scenarios (such as aircraft fires or similar situations), which can improve the surface cooling of the burner and thus ideally reduce the construction work currently known from existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0012] Therefore, the present invention aims to provide a combustion device for fire simulation in fire drills (fire scenarios). This device is inexpensive to manufacture, easy to transport, and can be quickly and conveniently arranged or installed at the site of use without requiring excessive additional methods to operate the combustion device. In particular, no additional cooling of the working surface is required in functional fire scenarios, thus maintaining material integrity. Even in fire scenarios, no participant in the drill will be exposed to any additional hazards posed by the burner, and no additional equipment is required.

[0013] In addition, the combustion device should ideally be multifunctional, meaning it can be used in different fire scenarios, such as as a floor combustion device or a wall combustion device, and people and vehicles should be able to pass through the combustion device.

[0014] This task and other tasks are accomplished through the subject matter of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments have been described in the dependent claims or explained in more detail below.

[0015] According to the present invention, a combustion device for fire simulation is provided, which can be used, for example, in fire drills or so-called live-fire training. The combustion device has a frame forming a first fuel containment chamber for containing liquid fuel, and the first fuel containment chamber is closed to isolate it from the external environment. Furthermore, the combustion device according to the present invention has a second fuel containment chamber designed to contain gaseous fuel. The second fuel containment chamber is at least partially formed by the frame, a burner plate, and a support surface opposite the burner plate, or the second fuel containment chamber is formed by a gas receiver adapted to at least partially contain the gaseous fuel.

[0016] In the fire scenario functional state, the frame is at least partially situated on the support surface. Furthermore, the frame has a filling device through which liquid fuel can be filled into the first fuel containment chamber. The first and second fuel containment chambers are interconnected via at least one connection port. Through this connection port, the liquid fuel in the first fuel containment chamber can expand from that chamber into the second fuel containment chamber to form gaseous fuel. The second fuel containment chamber has at least one outlet through which the gaseous fuel can escape into the environment and be ignited there.

[0017] Furthermore, a method for implementing a fire scenario using the combustion device according to the invention is proposed, wherein a first fuel receiving chamber is first filled with liquid fuel by a filling device arranged on a frame, and wherein the liquid fuel expands from the first fuel receiving chamber through a connection port into a second fuel receiving chamber to form gaseous fuel. During the expansion of the liquid fuel into gaseous fuel, at least the second fuel receiving chamber is partially cooled or at least experiences a localized temperature drop. The gaseous fuel can escape at least partially from the second fuel receiving chamber into the environment and be ignited at an ignition source.

[0018] Conventional fire-prone burners, known from the prior art, are typically liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) burners (liquid fuel burners). In such LPG burners, the burner is arranged in, for example, a water tank or other liquid tank, intended to cool the burner during a fire. This technology is known from patents such as US5374191A and EP0535279A1.

[0019] In common fire scenarios, such as those conducted by firefighters, rescue workers, or miners for disaster prevention, temperatures can reach 800°C or even higher, depending on the applied fuel and oxygen supply. The main problem with these high temperatures is that the burners and their surrounding environment, as well as the structures and objects in the simulation (such as roads, tanks, vehicles, or aircraft fire simulators), are exposed to these extreme temperatures. This necessitates cooling the burners and their simulated structures and objects (usually made of metal) due to the temperatures prevalent in functional fire scenarios, to prevent deformation or other damage caused by the heat. Such high temperatures also pose a risk of injury to participants in fire simulation exercises.

[0020] The inventors have surprisingly discovered that a fire scene combustion device can be implemented simply and inexpensively, and that no additional device is needed to cool the combustion device during functional fire scenarios or fire simulations, because the combustion device according to the invention cools itself at least partially by utilizing the physical effect of liquid fuel vaporizing into gaseous fuel. This is achieved by the expansion of liquid fuel from a first fuel container (in which liquid fuel is filled) into a second fuel container (which is connected to the first fuel container via a connection port). During the vaporization of liquid fuel into gaseous fuel, heat energy is absorbed from the surrounding environment, resulting in at least a localized temperature decrease in at least the second fuel container.

[0021] The combustion device according to the invention includes a frame. This frame forms a first fuel-containing chamber and encloses the chamber from the external environment. In a preferred embodiment, the frame is rectangular, polygonal, circular, or elliptical. The frame is particularly preferably arranged as a rectangular or circular metal tube, such as a square tube. Furthermore, the combustion device according to the invention includes a second fuel-containing chamber designed to contain gaseous fuel.

[0022] All liquid fuels that can be vaporized into combustible gases and used in fire scenarios can be used as fuels, and can be selected in various ways. According to the invention, liquid fuel is filled or introduced into a first fuel containment chamber, which is enclosed within a frame. In one embodiment concerning liquefied gas, particularly propane, liquefied butane, or acetylene, other liquefied gases, particularly mixtures of multiple gases, can also be used according to the invention. The invention is primarily based on the knowledge that liquefied gases absorb heat energy from the environment when they expand or relax into a gaseous phase, which in turn leads to at least a partial or localized reduction in ambient temperature. Liquid fuels and gaseous fuels in the sense of this invention refer to the same fuel (with identical chemical properties) that exist only in different polymerization states, i.e., sometimes liquid and sometimes gaseous. Liquid fuel mixtures, such as liquid butane and / or propane, can also be used, which expand from the first fuel containment chamber into a second fuel containment chamber through at least one connection port to form gaseous butane or gaseous propane.

[0023] The combustion device according to the invention further includes a second fuel containment chamber. This chamber is designed to contain gaseous fuel or at least partially confine gaseous fuel. The first and second fuel containment chambers are connected by at least one connection through which liquid fuel expands from the first fuel containment chamber into the second fuel containment chamber. In one embodiment, the connection is a throttle valve. The size of the connection, i.e., the cross-section or cross-sectional area of ​​the connection, or the cross-section or sum of the cross-sectional areas of several connections, is selected such that the liquid fuel in the first fuel containment chamber, preferably a liquefied gas such as propane and / or butane, remains at least partially in a liquid polymerized state. Various parameters, by which those skilled in the art can determine, such as the number of connections and / or the cross-section of the connections, are derived from the vapor pressure profile of the applied fuel, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. Vapor pressure is the pressure generated when vapor with a relevant liquid phase is in thermodynamic equilibrium in the system. Vapor pressure increases with increasing temperature and depends on the substances or mixtures present. According to the invention, the connection ports (one or more) between the first fuel container and the second fuel container are selected such that the fuel in the first fuel container is at least partially in the liquid phase and expands into the second fuel container through one or more connection ports. During this process, the fuel absorbs heat energy from the surrounding environment, meaning that the surrounding environment is cooled.

[0024] In the first embodiment, the second fuel containment chamber is at least partially formed by a frame, and further formed by a burner plate and a support surface opposite to the burner plate. The frame preferably completely surrounds the second fuel containment chamber. For example, a combustion device with a rectangular frame is conceivable, wherein the second fuel containment chamber is arranged between the frame legs. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the second fuel containment chamber, in addition to being formed by the frame, is also composed of a burner plate and a support surface opposite to the burner plate. If the combustion device according to the invention is used as a ground burner, the burner plate is also the working surface of the burner, i.e., a surface on which exercise participants can move, or a surface on which an aircraft fire simulator, etc., is placed.

[0025] In the fire-fighting functional state, the frame is at least partially resting on a supporting surface. The supporting surface can be, for example, the ground, upon which the frame rests at least partially. In particular, additional spacer brackets can be arranged on the frame, thereby placing the frame on the supporting surface only at certain points. The spacer brackets can be designed, for example, in the form of pins, with the purpose of distancing the frame from the supporting surface. The combustion device according to the invention can also be attached to a wall or other object; therefore, the supporting surface in the context of this invention can also be understood as a contact surface.

[0026] For the purposes of this invention, a burner plate specifically refers to the plate of a combustion device on which participants, such as firefighters or rescue personnel, can walk or move in a fire scenario functional state. This means that in a combustion device used as a floor device for a fire scenario, the burner plate at least partially forms the ground for the participants. This is also referred to as a working surface. The combustion device according to the invention may also form a wall rather than a floor, or act as a combustion surface for other liquids (such as fuel fire) and solids (such as aircraft fire) and can be installed in any location. In this embodiment, the burner plate at least partially forms a wall or surface in the sense of a fire scenario, for example, a simulation object or simulation structure.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment, the support surface is at least partially formed by the basic element, thereby the frame is also preferably at least partially arranged on and can be fixed to the basic element. In one embodiment, the basic element may be a plate. In this embodiment, the second fuel containment chamber is at least partially formed by the frame, the basic element, and the burner plate. The burner plate is arranged relative to the support surface or relative to the basic element. The second fuel containment chamber may in particular be formed only partially by the frame, the burner plate, and the support surface opposite the burner plate. The burner plate, together with the frame and the support surface, surrounds the second fuel containment chamber. Parts of the combustion device according to the invention, which are in direct contact with fire in functional fire scenarios, are particularly considered to be burner plates conforming to the invention. For this purpose, in a preferred embodiment, the burner plate is at least partially placed on the frame, or the burner plate is mounted on or above the frame. It is preferable, for example, to weld the burner plate at least partially to the frame, or to connect the burner plate to the frame by conventional screws and / or rivets.

[0028] In another preferred embodiment, the provided burner plate comprises a plurality of individual burner plates. More preferably, each individual burner plate divides the second fuel containment chamber into several gasification chamber sections. For this purpose, the individual burner plates have, for example, a U-shaped profile and / or an L-shaped profile, wherein the legs of the U-shaped or L-shaped profile stand on a supporting surface. If the second fuel containment chamber is divided into multiple independent gasification chamber sections by multiple individual burner plates in each case, then each independent gasification chamber section is particularly preferably connected to the first fuel containment chamber in each case via at least one connection port located within the frame.

[0029] The second fuel containment chamber is designed to have at least one outlet through which gaseous fuel can escape into the environment and be ignited, for example, through an external ignition source, such as a pilot burner. For this purpose, one or more outlets can preferably be provided in the burner plate or individual burner plates. Alternatively, the second fuel containment chamber is preferably not completely enclosed by a frame and is open on at least one side, allowing gaseous fuel to escape into the environment through this opening. Similarly, in another embodiment, the second fuel containment chamber can preferably have multiple vaporization chamber sections, particularly formed by multiple individual burner plates having U-shaped and / or L-shaped profiles. In this embodiment, openings may be arranged on the legs of the individual burner plates with U-shaped and / or L-shaped profiles, through which gaseous fuel can escape into the environment.

[0030] The frame and / or burner plate and / or optional basic components are preferably made of metal or ceramic, especially stainless steel and / or Corten steel. The frame is particularly preferably a metal tube, wherein the metal tube more preferably has a circular or rectangular cross-section. In another preferred embodiment, the frame and / or basic components may consist of multiple parts. For example, the frame may be configured to consist of four legs.

[0031] In a second embodiment, the second fuel containment chamber may also be formed by at least one gas receiver, wherein the gas receiver is adapted to at least partially confine gaseous fuel. In this embodiment, the gas receiver has, for example, a hollow square profile or a hollow tubular profile. In this second embodiment, one or more outlets are particularly preferably formed within the gas receiver and / or on one of its sides. In this embodiment, the second fuel containment chamber may also be formed by multiple gas receivers, wherein the multiple gas receivers correspond to the multiple vaporization chamber sections of the first embodiment.

[0032] In another embodiment, the combustion device according to the invention may further include an ignition source, particularly a pilot burner. The design of the ignition source is particularly preferably in accordance with fire training facility standards NFPA 1402 and / or DIN 14097 and the standards referenced therein.

[0033] Furthermore, the present invention also includes a method for simulating a fire using a combustion device according to the present invention. The method according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0034] - The first fuel chamber is filled with liquid fuel by a filling device arranged on the frame.

[0035] Liquid fuel expands from the first fuel container into the second fuel container through the connection port to form gaseous fuel. As the fuel expands, it absorbs heat energy, so at least locally, the second fuel container experiences a temperature drop.

[0036] - At least a portion of the gaseous fuel escapes from the second fuel containment chamber through the outlet.

[0037] - Ignite the escaping fuel at the ignition source.

[0038] The fire scenario implementation method according to the present invention has particular advantages over methods known in the prior art, namely, the step of expanding liquid fuel from a first fuel container to a second fuel container, wherein the fuel absorbs heat energy during expansion, thus at least locally a temperature decrease occurs in the second fuel container, and the combustion device according to the present invention can operate without the need for a large number of additional devices (e.g., for cooling the combustion device and / or its environment in a fire scenario). Attached Figure Description

[0039] Other advantages and embodiments of the invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show:

[0040] Figure 1a and Figure 1b Top view and cross-sectional view of a combustion device with a burner plate according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2a and Figure 2b A top view and a cross-sectional view of a combustion device according to the invention are shown, the combustion device having seven individual burner plates, wherein each burner plate has a U-shaped profile.

[0042] Figure 3a and Figure 3b A top view and a cross-sectional view of a combustion device according to the invention are shown, the combustion device having five separate burner plates, wherein each burner plate has an L-shaped profile.

[0043] Figure 4 A top view of the combustion device is shown, in which the second fuel chamber is only partially surrounded by the frame. Detailed Implementation

[0044] Figure 1a and Figure 1b A plan view and a cross-sectional view along axis AA through the combustion device 1 according to the invention are shown. The combustion device 1 has a rectangular frame 2. A first fuel receiving chamber 3 (see...) is provided within the frame 2. Figure 1b The first fuel chamber 3 and the second fuel chamber 4 are arranged between the four legs of the frame 2 to contain liquid fuel, especially liquefied gas, and to seal it from the external environment. The second fuel chamber 4 is formed on one side of the burner plate 6 and on a contact surface 11 opposite to the burner plate 6, which is placed on or connected to the frame 2. The first fuel chamber 3 and the second fuel chamber 4 are interconnected by a plurality of connection ports 5. Through these connection ports 5, the liquid fuel in the first fuel chamber 3 can expand into the second fuel chamber 4 to form gaseous fuel. The gaseous fuel in the second fuel chamber 4 can escape into the environment through an outlet 8 and be ignited there. The frame 2 is designed with a square outline, and in this embodiment, the frame 2 surrounds the second fuel chamber 4 on a total of four sides. The frame 2 has a filling device 9 through which the first fuel chamber 3 can be filled with liquid fuel. The combustion device 1 shown can be used particularly as a ground combustion device, and can also be used as a wall or surface combustion device in a fire scene.

[0045] Figure 2a and Figure 2b A plan view and a cross-sectional view along axis AA through the combustion device 1 according to the invention are shown. The combustion device 1 has a rectangular frame 2. A first fuel receiving chamber 3 (see...) is provided within the frame 2. Figure 2b The second fuel containment chamber 4 is arranged between the four legs of the frame 2 to contain liquid fuels, especially liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and to be sealed from the external environment. This second fuel containment chamber 4 is supported by multiple individual burner plates 7 (see...). Figure 2a and Figure 2bThe second fuel chamber 4 is divided into seven gasification chamber sections 10 by seven separate burner plates 7. Each of the seven gasification chamber sections 10 of the second fuel chamber 4 is connected to the first fuel chamber 3 of the frame 2 via two connection ports 5. Liquid fuel (not shown) can be expanded from the first fuel chamber 3 into the second fuel chamber 4 or the seven separate gasification chamber sections 10 through the connection ports 5 to form gaseous fuel. The frame 2 is designed with a square outline. The frame 2 has a filling device 9 through which the first fuel chamber 3 can be filled with liquid fuel (not shown). The individual burner plates 7 are designed with a U-shaped outline, wherein the seven individual burner plates 7 divide the second fuel chamber 4 into a total of seven gasification chamber sections 10. The U-shaped outline legs of the individual burner plates 7 and the frame 2 are placed on a support surface 11, which is a metal plate in this embodiment. An outlet 8 is visible between the seven individual burner plates 7 and the individual burner plates 7 and the frame 2. Gaseous fuel located in the second fuel containment chamber 4 or in the gasification chamber section 10 can escape into the environment through the outlet 8 and be ignited there. The combustion device 1 shown can be used in particular as a ground combustion device, and can also be used as a wall or surface combustion device in a fire scene.

[0046] Figure 3a and Figure 3b A plan view of the combustion device 1 according to the invention and a cross-sectional view along axis AA through the combustion device 1 according to the invention are shown, which are consistent with... Figure 2a and Figure 2b The combustion device is similar, but the condition is that the second fuel chamber 4 is formed by five separate burner plates 7, a frame 2, and a support surface 11. The five separate burner plates 7 of the combustion device shown have an L-shaped profile, overlap each other, and divide the second fuel chamber 4 into a total of five gasification chamber sections 10. In this embodiment, the outlet 8 is located at the contact point of the individual burner plates 7.

[0047] Figure 4 A plan view of a combustion device 1 according to the invention is shown, wherein the second fuel chamber 4 is only partially surrounded by a frame 2. The frame 2 isolates the first fuel chamber 3 from the external environment. The second fuel chamber 4 extends between two opposing legs of the frame 2. The second fuel chamber 4 is further surrounded by a total of five gas receivers 12, which, in this embodiment, have a rectangular outline. In the illustrated embodiment, the outlet 8 of each gas receiver 12 (indicated by a flame symbol) is located approximately opposite the connection port 5 through which liquid fuel (not shown) can expand from the first fuel chamber 3 into the second fuel chamber 4 or into the gas receiver 12. Each of the five gas receivers 12 shown is connected to the first fuel chamber 3 via the connection port 5. The frame 2 has a filling device 9.

[0048] List of reference numerals

[0049] 1: Combustion device; 2: Frame; 3: First fuel chamber; 4: Second fuel chamber; 5: Connection port; 6: Burner plate; 7: Separate burner plate; 8: Outlet; 9: Filling device; 10: Gasification chamber section; 11: Support surface; 12: Gas receiver.

Claims

1. A combustion device (1) for fire simulation, comprising: - A frame (2) forming a first fuel containment chamber (3) for containing liquid fuel, wherein the liquid fuel is fuel present in liquid form in the first fuel containment chamber (3), and the frame (2) encloses the first fuel containment chamber (3) from the external environment; and - Second fuel chamber (4), for containing gaseous fuel; The second fuel chamber (4) is at least partially formed by the frame (2), the burner plate (6), and a support surface (11) relative to the burner plate (6). or The second fuel containment chamber (4) is formed by at least one gas receiver (12) capable of at least partially confining the gaseous fuel. - Wherein, the frame (2) is placed at least partially on the support surface (11) in the simulated fire function state; - Wherein, the frame (2) has a filling device (9) for filling the first fuel container (3) with liquid fuel, - Wherein, the first fuel container (3) and the second fuel container (4) are connected to each other through at least one connection port (5), and the first fuel container (3), the second fuel container (4) and the at least one connection port (5) are configured such that the liquid fuel expands from the first fuel container (3) into the second fuel container (4) to form gaseous fuel, thereby cooling the second fuel container (4); - Wherein, the second fuel containment chamber (4) has at least one outlet (8) through which gaseous fuel can escape into the environment and be ignited.

2. The combustion device according to claim 1, wherein, The support surface (11) is at least partially formed by basic elements.

3. The combustion device according to claim 2, wherein, The frame (2) is at least partially arranged on the basic element.

4. The combustion device according to claim 3, wherein, The frame (2) is at least partially fixed to the basic element.

5. The combustion device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The frame (2) is rectangular, polygonal, circular, or elliptical.

6. The combustion device according to claim 2, wherein, The frame (2) and / or the burner plate (6) and / or the gas receiver (12) and / or the basic element are made of metal or ceramic.

7. The combustion device according to claim 6, wherein, The frame (2) is a metal tube.

8. The combustion device according to claim 7, wherein, The frame (2) is made of stainless steel or Corton steel.

9. The combustion device according to claim 7, wherein, The metal tube has a circular, rectangular, polygonal, or elliptical cross-section.

10. The combustion device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The burner plate (6) includes multiple individual burner plates (7).

11. The combustion device according to claim 10, wherein, The separate burner plate (7) divides the second fuel containment chamber (4) into multiple gasification chamber sections (10).

12. The combustion device according to claim 11, wherein, The individual burner plate (7) has at least a U-shaped profile or an L-shaped profile or both.

13. The combustion device according to claim 11, wherein, At least one of the connection ports (5) is arranged inside the frame (2) on each of the gasification chamber sections (10) or each of the gas receivers (12).

14. The combustion device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The outlet (8) is arranged in the burner plate (6) or the gas receiver (12).

15. The combustion device according to claim 14, wherein, The burner plate (6) or the gas receiver (12) has multiple outlets (8).

16. The combustion device according to claim 2, wherein, The frame (2) and / or the basic element are composed of multiple parts.

17. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The combustion device (1) includes an external ignition source to ignite gaseous fuel that has escaped into the environment.

18. The combustion device according to claim 17, wherein, The ignition source includes a pilot burner.

19. A method for simulating a fire using a combustion device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising at least the following steps: - The first fuel chamber (3) is filled with liquid fuel by a filling device (9) arranged on the frame (2). - Liquid fuel expands from the first fuel container (3) through the connection port (5) into the second fuel container (4) to form gaseous fuel. During the expansion of the fuel, heat energy is absorbed, therefore, at least locally, the second fuel container (4) experiences a temperature decrease. - At least a portion of the gaseous fuel escapes from the second fuel containment chamber (4) through at least one of the outlets (8), - Ignite the escaping fuel at the ignition source.

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