Hydrogen fuel cell stack

Abstract

The present invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell stack, which includes a first end plate, a second end plate, a first current collecting plate, a second current collecting plate, a fuel cell monomer group and at least one temperature maintaining element, wherein the fuel cell monomer group is stacked between the first end plate and the second end plate, the first current collecting plate is arranged between the first end plate and the fuel cell monomer group, the second current collecting plate is arranged between the second end plate and the fuel cell monomer group, and the temperature maintaining element is arranged between the first current collecting plate and the fuel cell monomer group, wherein the first end of the temperature maintaining element and the first end of the fuel cell monomer group form a fluid supply channel, the second end of the temperature maintaining element and the second end of the fuel cell monomer group form a fluid reflux channel, and every two adjacent fuel cell monomers of the fuel cell monomer group form a heat dissipation channel located therebetween.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to hydrogen fuel cells, and more particularly to a hydrogen fuel cell stack. The hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention can significantly reduce the degree of heat exchange between the fuel cell units at both ends and the external environment, thereby ensuring temperature consistency between the outermost fuel cell units at both ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack and the fuel cell units inside. Background Art

[0002] As a power generation device for power systems, hydrogen fuel cells offer advantages such as zero emissions, long driving range, short refueling times, a long service life, and wide environmental adaptability. In recent years, driven by both technological advancements and environmental pressures, global hydrogen fuel cell engine installations have experienced explosive growth, gaining increasing popularity and widespread application.

[0003] The electrochemical reaction in a hydrogen fuel cell occurs within the fuel cell stack. Each fuel cell stack comprises multiple fuel cell cells, which convert the chemical energy of the fuel into electrical energy. However, during this process, some of the chemical energy in the fuel cell stack is converted into heat, causing the cell temperature to rise. Excessively high cell temperatures can reduce the moisture content of the proton exchange membrane, damaging it and reducing the efficiency and performance of the fuel cell. They can even damage the fuel cell stack.

[0004] In order to reduce the temperature inside the hydrogen fuel cell stack and ensure the normal operation and performance of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, people use various means to dissipate heat. For example, a low-power hydrogen fuel cell (air-cooled fuel cell) pumps air into the hydrogen fuel cell stack through a fan to dissipate heat from the fuel cell monomers of the hydrogen fuel cell stack. For high-power hydrogen fuel cells, a special heat dissipation mechanism, such as a liquid cooling device, is configured to improve the heat dissipation efficiency and ensure the normal operation of the hydrogen fuel cell. For example, the Chinese invention patent application number CN201510153512.6 is equipped with a water cooling structure (8) and / or an air cooling device (7) for heat dissipation to dissipate heat from the hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0005] However, when a hydrogen fuel cell is working, the temperature consistency of the fuel cell monomers is also very important. Existing hydrogen fuel cells, especially liquid-cooled hydrogen fuel cells, ignore the temperature consistency between the fuel cell monomers at both ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack and the internal fuel cell monomers when configuring the heat dissipation mechanism, especially ignoring that the fuel cell monomers at both ends can easily dissipate heat to the outside through the end plates. The end plates at both ends of the existing hydrogen fuel cell stack are generally made of metal and have good heat dissipation performance. Therefore, the end plates of the hydrogen fuel cell stack have a significant cooling and heat dissipation effect on the fuel cell monomers at both ends, resulting in a temperature difference between them and the internal fuel cell monomers, destroying the temperature consistency between different fuel cell monomers in the hydrogen fuel cell stack, and affecting the overall performance of the hydrogen fuel cell stack. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The main advantage of the present invention is that it provides a hydrogen fuel cell stack, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention can significantly reduce the heat dissipation of the fuel cell monomers at both ends to the outside, thereby ensuring the temperature consistency between the outermost fuel cell monomers at both ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack and the internal fuel cell monomers.

[0007] Another advantage of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen fuel cell stack, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention is provided with a temperature maintenance channel of a multi-layer structure, wherein the temperature maintenance channel is located between the fuel cell units at both ends and the external environment, and a heat transfer medium used to dissipate heat from the hydrogen fuel cell stack can flow into the temperature maintenance channel, so that when the temperature of the heat transfer medium rises to a temperature exceeding the temperature of the external environment, the heat transfer medium can form a multi-layer insulation layer between the outermost fuel cell units at both ends and the external environment, significantly reducing the degree of heat dissipation from the outermost fuel cell units at both ends to the outside. In other words, the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention can use the heat transfer medium originally used for heat dissipation and the heat generated by the fuel cell stack during power generation to form a multi-layer movable fluid insulation layer between the outermost fuel cell units at both ends and the external environment.

[0008] Another advantage of the present invention is that it provides a hydrogen fuel cell stack, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention can use dummy plates (plates not used to form fuel flow fields and oxidant flow fields) or end plates to form the temperature maintenance channel, and its structure is simple and the conception is ingenious.

[0009] Other advantages and features of the present invention are fully apparent from the following detailed description.

[0010] Accordingly, according to the present invention, the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention having the above advantages includes:

[0011] a first end plate;

[0012] a second end plate;

[0013] a first current collecting plate;

[0014] a second current collecting plate;

[0015] a fuel cell stack; and

[0016] at least one temperature maintaining element, wherein the fuel cell monomer group is stacked between the first end plate and the second end plate, the first current collecting plate is arranged between the first end plate and the fuel cell monomer group, the second current collecting plate is arranged between the second end plate and the fuel cell monomer group, and the temperature maintaining element is arranged between the first current collecting plate and the fuel cell monomer group, wherein the first end of the temperature maintaining element and the first end of the fuel cell monomer group form a fluid supply channel, the second end of the temperature maintaining element and the second end of the fuel cell monomer group form a fluid return channel, every two adjacent fuel cell monomers of the fuel cell monomer group form a heat dissipation channel located therebetween, the temperature maintaining element further forms a first temperature maintaining channel, and the fuel cell monomer group and the temperature maintaining element form a second temperature maintaining channel located therebetween, wherein The first temperature maintaining channel has a first connecting opening and a first conducting opening, and the second temperature maintaining channel has a second connecting opening and a second conducting opening, wherein one end of each of the heat dissipation channels is connected to the fluid supply channel, and the other end is connected to the fluid return channel, the first connecting opening of the first temperature maintaining channel is connected to the fluid supply channel, the second connecting opening of the second temperature maintaining channel is connected to the fluid return channel, and the first conducting opening of the first temperature maintaining channel is connected to the second conducting opening of the second temperature maintaining channel, thereby forming a temperature maintaining channel, wherein the fluid supply channel has a fluid inlet end for heat transfer medium to flow into the fluid supply channel, and the fluid return channel has a fluid outlet end for heat transfer medium to flow out of the fluid return channel, wherein the temperature maintaining element is made of conductive material.

[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides another hydrogen fuel cell stack, comprising:

[0018] a first end plate;

[0019] a second end plate;

[0020] a first current collecting plate;

[0021] a second current collecting plate;

[0022] a fuel cell stack; and

[0023] at least one temperature maintaining element, wherein the fuel cell monomer group is stacked between the first end plate and the second end plate, the first current collecting plate is arranged between the first end plate and the fuel cell monomer group, the second current collecting plate is arranged between the second end plate and the fuel cell monomer group, and the temperature maintaining element is arranged between the first current collecting plate and the fuel cell monomer group, wherein the first end of the temperature maintaining element and the first end of the fuel cell monomer group form a fluid supply channel, the second end of the temperature maintaining element and the second end of the fuel cell monomer group form a fluid return channel, every two adjacent fuel cell monomers of the fuel cell monomer group form a heat dissipation channel located therebetween, the temperature maintaining element further forms a first temperature maintaining channel, and the fuel cell monomer group and the temperature maintaining element form a second temperature maintaining channel located therebetween, wherein The first temperature maintaining channel has a first communicating opening and a first conducting opening, and the second temperature maintaining channel has a second communicating opening and a second conducting opening, wherein one end of each of the heat dissipation channels is connected to the fluid supply channel, and the other end is connected to the fluid return channel, the second communicating opening of the second temperature maintaining channel is connected to the fluid supply channel, the first communicating opening of the first temperature maintaining channel is connected to the fluid return channel, and the first conducting opening of the first temperature maintaining channel is connected to the second conducting opening of the second temperature maintaining channel, thereby forming a temperature maintaining channel, wherein the fluid supply channel has a fluid inlet end for heat transfer medium to flow into the fluid supply channel, and the fluid return channel has a fluid outlet end for heat transfer medium to flow out of the fluid return channel, wherein the temperature maintaining element is made of conductive material.

[0024] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides another hydrogen fuel cell stack, comprising:

[0025] a first end plate;

[0026] a second end plate;

[0027] a first current collecting plate;

[0028] a second current collecting plate;

[0029] a fuel cell stack; and

[0030] at least one temperature maintaining element, wherein the fuel cell monomer group is stacked between the first end plate and the second end plate, the first current collecting plate is arranged between the first end plate and the fuel cell monomer group, the second current collecting plate is arranged between the second end plate and the fuel cell monomer group, and the temperature maintaining element is arranged between the first current collecting plate and the fuel cell monomer group, wherein the first end of the temperature maintaining element and the first end of the fuel cell monomer group form a fluid supply channel, the second end of the temperature maintaining element and the second end of the fuel cell monomer group form a fluid return channel, every two adjacent fuel cell monomers of the fuel cell monomer group form a heat dissipation channel located therebetween, the fuel cell monomer group and the temperature maintaining element form a first temperature maintaining channel located therebetween, and the temperature maintaining element further forms a second temperature maintaining channel, wherein The first temperature maintaining channel has a first connecting opening and a first conducting opening, and the second temperature maintaining channel has a second connecting opening and a second conducting opening, wherein one end of each of the heat dissipation channels is connected to the fluid supply channel, and the other end is connected to the fluid return channel, the first connecting opening of the first temperature maintaining channel is connected to the fluid supply channel, the second connecting opening of the second temperature maintaining channel is connected to the fluid return channel, and the first conducting opening of the first temperature maintaining channel is connected to the second conducting opening of the second temperature maintaining channel, thereby forming a temperature maintaining channel, wherein the fluid supply channel has a fluid inlet end for heat transfer medium to flow into the fluid supply channel, and the fluid return channel has a fluid outlet end for heat transfer medium to flow out of the fluid return channel, wherein the temperature maintaining element is made of conductive material.

[0031] According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention further provides another hydrogen fuel cell stack, comprising:

[0032] a first end plate;

[0033] a second end plate;

[0034] a first current collecting plate;

[0035] a second current collecting plate; and

[0036] A fuel cell cell stack, wherein the fuel cell cell stack is stacked between a first end plate and a second end plate, the first current collecting plate is arranged between the first end plate and the fuel cell cell stack, and the second current collecting plate is arranged between the second end plate and the fuel cell cell stack, wherein the first end of the first end plate and the first end of the fuel cell cell stack form a fluid supply channel, the second end of the first end plate and the second end of the fuel cell cell stack form a fluid return channel, and every two adjacent fuel cell cells of the fuel cell cell stack form a heat dissipation channel located therebetween, wherein the first end plate further forms a temperature maintenance channel, wherein the temperature maintenance channel has a first communicating opening and a second communicating opening, wherein one end of each heat dissipation channel is connected to the fluid supply channel and the other end is connected to the fluid return channel, the first communicating opening of the temperature maintenance channel is connected to the fluid supply channel, and the second communicating opening of the temperature maintenance channel is connected to the fluid return channel, wherein the fluid supply channel has a fluid inlet end for a heat transfer medium to flow into the fluid supply channel, and the fluid return channel has a fluid outlet end for a heat transfer medium to flow out of the fluid return channel.

[0037] The above and other advantages of the present invention will be fully reflected in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings.

[0038] The above and other advantages and features of the present invention are fully reflected in the following detailed description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 1 is an assembly diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein the arrows in the figure indicate the flow direction of the fluid used for heat dissipation.

[0042] Figure 4 Shown is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an optional implementation of a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein the arrows in the figure indicate the flow direction of the fluid used for heat dissipation.

[0043] Figure 5 Shown is a schematic cross-sectional view of a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein the arrows in the figure indicate the flow direction of the fluid used for heat dissipation.

[0044] Figure 6 Shown is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optional implementation of a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein the arrows in the figure indicate the flow direction of a fluid for heat dissipation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following description is provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement the present invention. Those skilled in the art may conceive of other obvious replacements, modifications, and variations. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should not be limited by the exemplary embodiments described herein.

[0046] Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise specified herein, the term "one" should be understood as "at least one" or "one or more", that is, in one embodiment, the number of an element may be one, while in another embodiment, the number of the element may be multiple.

[0047] Those skilled in the art should understand that, unless otherwise specified herein, the directions or positions referred to by terms such as "longitudinal," "transverse," "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" are based on the directions or positions shown in the accompanying drawings and are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention. They do not indicate or imply that the devices or components involved must have a specific direction or position. Therefore, the above terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0048] Reference to the accompanying drawings Figures 1 to 4 , a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to a first embodiment of the present invention is illustrated, wherein the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention includes a first end plate 10, a second end plate 20, a first current collecting plate 31, a second current collecting plate 32 and a fuel cell monomer group 40, wherein the fuel cell monomer group 40 is stacked between the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20, the first current collecting plate 31 is arranged between the first end plate 10 and the fuel cell monomer group 40, and the second current collecting plate 32 is arranged between the second end plate 20 and the fuel cell monomer group 40.

[0049] As shown in the attached figure Figures 1 to 3As shown, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen fuel cell stack further includes at least one temperature maintaining element 50, wherein the temperature maintaining element 50 is arranged between the first collecting plate 31 and the fuel cell monomer group 40, wherein the first end 51 of the temperature maintaining element 50 and the first end 41 of the fuel cell monomer group 40 form a fluid supply channel 401, the second end 52 of the temperature maintaining element 50 and the second end 42 of the fuel cell monomer group 40 form a fluid return channel 402, and each two adjacent fuel cell monomers 43 of the fuel cell monomer group 40 form a heat dissipation channel 430 located therebetween, the temperature maintaining element 50 forms a first temperature maintaining channel 501, the fuel cell monomer group 40 and the temperature maintaining element 50 form a second temperature maintaining channel 502 located therebetween, wherein the first temperature maintaining channel 501 has a first connecting opening 5011 and a first conducting opening 5012, and the second temperature maintaining channel 502 It has a second connecting opening 5021 and a second conducting opening 5022, wherein one end of each heat dissipation channel 430 is connected to the fluid supply channel 401, and the other end is connected to the fluid return channel 402, the first connecting opening 5011 of the first temperature maintaining channel 501 is connected to the fluid supply channel 401, the second connecting opening 5021 of the second temperature maintaining channel 502 is connected to the fluid return channel 402, and the first conducting opening 5012 of the first temperature maintaining channel 501 is connected to the second conducting opening 5022 of the second temperature maintaining channel 502, thereby forming a temperature maintaining channel 500, wherein the fluid supply channel 401 has a fluid inlet end 4011 for heat transfer medium to flow into the fluid supply channel 401, and the fluid return channel 402 has a fluid outlet end 4021 for heat transfer medium to flow out of the fluid return channel 402, wherein the temperature maintaining element 50 is made of conductive material. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the first end 51 of the temperature maintaining element 50 and the first end 41 of the fuel cell stack 40 are stacked together to form the fluid supply channel 401, and the second end 52 of the temperature maintaining element 50 and the second end 42 of the fuel cell stack 40 are stacked together to form the fluid return channel 402. It will be appreciated that the heat transfer medium herein is a fluid. For example, the heat transfer medium herein is a liquid, such as deionized water or an ethylene glycol solution.

[0050] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that each fuel cell unit 43 includes a cathode plate, an anode plate, and a membrane electrode assembly, wherein the membrane electrode assembly is disposed between the cathode plate and the anode plate.

[0051] It is worth noting that the fluid supply channel 401 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention should be connected to the outlet end of the fluid pipeline of the thermal management system, and the fluid return channel 402 should be connected to the inlet end of the fluid pipeline of the thermal management system. Accordingly, when the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention is operating normally and dissipating heat using a heat transfer medium, the heat transfer medium flows into the fluid supply channel 401 from the fluid inlet end 4011 of the fluid supply channel 401. Under pressure, part of the heat transfer medium flows into the heat dissipation channel 430, flows through the heat dissipation channel 430 to the fluid return channel 402, and then returns to the fluid pipeline of the thermal management system through the fluid return channel 402. Another part of the heat transfer medium will flow from the fluid supply channel 401 under pressure into the first temperature maintenance channel 501, then from the first temperature maintenance channel 501 to the second temperature maintenance channel 502, then from the second temperature maintenance channel 502 to the fluid return channel 402, and then returns to the fluid pipeline of the thermal management system through the fluid return channel 402. Therefore, when the heat transfer medium (whose temperature is higher than the external ambient temperature) flows in the temperature maintaining channel 500 formed by the first temperature maintaining channel 501 and the second temperature maintaining channel 502, a multi-layer thermal insulation fluid barrier is formed between the first end plate 10 and the fuel cell monomer group 40, so as to greatly weaken the heat conduction effect of the first end plate 10 on the fuel cell monomer group 40, especially on the fuel cell monomer 43A of the fuel cell monomer group 40 on the outermost side close to the first end plate 10, to avoid its temperature being lower than other fuel cell monomers 43B of the fuel cell monomer group 40, thereby ensuring the temperature consistency between the fuel cell monomers 43 of the fuel cell monomer group 40. Generally, since the hydrogen fuel cell stack generates heat when generating electricity, the temperature inside it is higher than that of the first end plate 10. The thermal insulation fluid barrier formed by the heat transfer medium flowing in the first temperature maintaining channel 501 and the second temperature maintaining channel 502 forms a temperature maintaining barrier between the first end plate 10 and the fuel cell monomer group 40, so as to prevent the heat transfer effect of the first end plate 10 from causing the temperature of the fuel cell monomer 43A of the fuel cell monomer group 40 to be lower than that of other fuel cell monomers 43B of the fuel cell monomer group 40, thereby destroying the temperature consistency between the fuel cell monomers 43 of the fuel cell monomer group 40.Secondly, because the heat transfer medium forming the temperature maintenance barrier also originates from the fluid supply channel 401 and similarly flows back to the fluid return channel 402, where it is mixed and then flows to the fluid pipeline of the thermal management system, the temperature of the fuel cell 43A of the outermost fuel cell group 40 near the first end plate 10 can be maintained substantially consistent with that of the other fuel cell 43B of the fuel cell group 40, preventing a large temperature difference between the two from affecting the performance of the entire hydrogen fuel cell stack. Furthermore, the thermal insulation fluid barrier formed by the heat transfer medium flowing in the first temperature maintenance channel 501 and the second temperature maintenance channel 502 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention also helps to heat the fuel cell 43A of the outermost fuel cell group 40 near the first end plate 10 and maintain the temperature substantially consistent with that of the other fuel cell 43B of the fuel cell group 40 during a cold start of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention in a low-temperature environment. This shortens the cold start time of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention and enhances temperature consistency between the fuel cell 43A at the ends and the fuel cell 43B located in the interior during the cold start process. When starting the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention under low ambient temperatures, the operator can first heat the heat transfer medium and create a reflux in the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention to heat the fuel cell 43 of the fuel cell group 40 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention. Secondly, the heat transfer medium flowing in the first temperature maintenance channel 501 and the second temperature maintenance channel 502 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention forms a thermal insulation fluid barrier that ensures that the temperature of the fuel cell 43 of the fuel cell group 40 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention is evenly heated and maintained at a substantially consistent temperature, thereby ensuring the low-temperature startup performance of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention. Finally, the thermal insulation fluid barrier formed by the heat transfer medium flowing in the first temperature maintenance channel 501 and the second temperature maintenance channel 502 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention forms a temperature maintenance barrier that can also prevent the heat transfer effect of the first end plate 10 from causing the temperature of the fuel cell 43A of the fuel cell group 40 to be higher than that of other fuel cell 43B of the fuel cell group 40, thereby avoiding the temperature consistency between the fuel cell 43 of the fuel cell group 40. In other words, the thermal insulation fluid barrier can significantly reduce the impact of the external environment temperature on the fuel cell monomers 43A located at both ends, and significantly reduce the degree of heat exchange between the outermost fuel cell monomers 43A located at both ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack and the external environment.

[0052] As shown in the attached figure Figures 1 to 3As shown, the temperature maintaining element 50 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a first temperature maintaining member 531, a second temperature maintaining member 532 and a third temperature maintaining member 533, wherein the first temperature maintaining member 531, the second temperature maintaining member 532 and the third temperature maintaining member 533 are sequentially arranged between the first collecting plate 31 and the fuel cell monomer group 40, wherein the second temperature maintaining channel 502 is formed between the third temperature maintaining member 533 and the fuel cell monomer group 40, and the first temperature maintaining channel 501 is formed in the temperature maintaining element 50, and its cross-section is U-shaped. Accordingly, the thermal insulation fluid barrier (or temperature maintenance barrier) formed by the heat transfer medium flowing in the first temperature maintenance channel 501 and the second temperature maintenance channel 502 is a multi-layer fluid barrier (at least three layers), and the flow of the heat transfer medium in the first temperature maintenance channel 501 and the second temperature maintenance channel 502 ensures that the temperature of the fuel cell monomer 43A at the outermost side of the fuel cell monomer group 40 close to the first end plate 10 is basically not affected by the heat transfer effect of the first end plate 10 or its influence is weakened.

[0053] As shown in the attached figure Figures 1 to 3 As shown, further, according to the first embodiment of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention, the first temperature maintaining channel 501 forms a first temperature maintaining flow channel 5310 and a second temperature maintaining flow channel 5320, wherein one end of the first temperature maintaining flow channel 5310 is connected to one end of the second temperature maintaining flow channel 5320, the other end of the first temperature maintaining flow channel 5310 forms the first connecting opening 5011, and the other end of the second temperature maintaining flow channel 5320 forms the first conducting opening 5012.

[0054] As shown in the attached figure Figures 1 to 3As shown, further, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature maintaining flow channel 5310 of the first temperature maintaining channel 501 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is formed between the first temperature maintaining member 531 and the second temperature maintaining member 532, the second temperature maintaining flow channel 5320 is formed between the second temperature maintaining member 532 and the third temperature maintaining member 533, and the second temperature maintaining member 532 forms at least one first through hole 503, and the third temperature maintaining member 533 forms at least one second through hole 504, wherein the first through hole 503 is respectively connected to the first temperature maintaining flow channel 5310 The first through hole 503 is connected to the second temperature-maintaining flow channel 5320, thereby extending the first temperature-maintaining channel 501 in a U-shape within the temperature-maintaining element 50, and the second through hole 504 is connected to the second temperature-maintaining flow channel 5320 and the second temperature-maintaining channel 502, respectively, so that the first temperature-maintaining channel 501 and the second temperature-maintaining channel 502 form an S-shaped temperature-maintaining barrier, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the fuel cell 43A at the outermost side of the fuel cell group 40, which is close to the first end plate 10, is substantially unaffected by or weakens the heat transfer effect of the first end plate 10. Preferably, the first through hole 503 is formed at an end of the second temperature-maintaining member 532 away from the first communication opening 5011 of the first temperature-maintaining flow channel 5310, and the second through hole 504 is formed at an end of the third temperature-maintaining member 533 away from the second communication opening 5021 of the second temperature-maintaining channel 502.

[0055] It is worth noting that the hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the first embodiment of the present invention can be configured to include two temperature maintaining elements 50, which are respectively arranged between the first current collecting plate 31 and the fuel cell group 40, and between the second current collecting plate 32 and the fuel cell group 40. Accordingly, each temperature maintaining element 50 forms a first temperature maintaining channel 501 and a second temperature maintaining channel 502 to ensure that the temperature of the fuel cell 43A on the outermost side of the fuel cell group 40 close to the first end plate 10 and the fuel cell 43C on the outermost side close to the second end plate 20 is substantially unaffected by or weakens the heat transfer effect of the second end plate 20. Accordingly, the fuel cell 43 of the fuel cell group 40 forms one fuel cell 43A, one fuel cell 43C, and multiple (or at least one) fuel cell 43B located therebetween.

[0056] Therefore, the temperature maintaining element 50 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the first embodiment of the present invention has a simple structure, ingenious design, low cost, and is easy to use, and it can be applied to the existing hydrogen fuel cell stack without changing the overall structure of the existing hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0057] Attached Figure 4The figure shows an optional implementation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the first embodiment of the present invention, which includes a first end plate 10, a second end plate 20, a first current collecting plate 31, a second current collecting plate 32, a fuel cell monomer group 40 and at least one temperature maintaining element 50A, wherein the fuel cell monomer group 40 is stacked between the first end plate 10 and the second end plate 20, the first current collecting plate 31 is arranged between the first end plate 10 and the fuel cell monomer group 40, the second current collecting plate 32 is arranged between the second end plate 20 and the fuel cell monomer group 40, and the temperature maintaining element 50A It is arranged between the first current collecting plate 31 and the fuel cell monomer group 40, wherein the first end 51A of the temperature maintaining element 50A and the first end 41 of the fuel cell monomer group 40 form a fluid supply channel 401, the second end 52A of the temperature maintaining element 50A and the second end 42 of the fuel cell monomer group 40 form a fluid return channel 402, and each two adjacent fuel cell monomers 43 of the fuel cell monomer group 40 form a heat dissipation channel 430 located therebetween, and the fuel cell monomer group 40 and the temperature maintaining element 50A form a first temperature maintaining channel 501 located therebetween. 01A, the temperature maintaining element 50A forms a second temperature maintaining channel 502A, wherein the first temperature maintaining channel 501A has a first communicating opening 5011A and a first conducting opening 5012A, and the second temperature maintaining channel 502A has a second communicating opening 5021A and a second conducting opening 5022A, wherein one end of each of the heat dissipation channels 430 is connected to the fluid supply channel 401, and the other end is connected to the fluid return channel 402, and the first communicating opening 5011A of the first temperature maintaining channel 501A is connected to the fluid supply channel 401, The second connecting opening 5021A of the second temperature maintaining channel 502A is connected to the fluid return channel 402, and the first conducting opening 5012A of the first temperature maintaining channel 501A is connected to the second conducting opening 5022A of the second temperature maintaining channel 502A, wherein the fluid supply channel 401 has a fluid inlet end 4011 for the heat transfer medium to flow into the fluid supply channel 401, and the fluid return channel 402 has a fluid outlet end 4021 for the heat transfer medium to flow out of the fluid return channel 402, wherein the temperature maintaining element 50A is made of a conductive material.Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the first end 51A of the temperature maintaining element 50A and the first end 41 of the fuel cell stack 40 are stacked together to form the fluid supply channel 401, and the second end 52A of the temperature maintaining element 50A and the second end 42 of the fuel cell stack 40 are stacked together to form the fluid return channel 402. It will be appreciated that the heat transfer medium herein is a fluid. For example, the heat transfer medium herein is a liquid, such as deionized water or an ethylene glycol solution.

[0058] It is worth noting that the fluid supply channel 401 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention should be connected to the outlet end of the fluid pipeline of the thermal management system, and the fluid return channel 402 should be connected to the inlet end of the fluid pipeline of the thermal management system. Accordingly, when the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention is operating normally and dissipating heat using a heat transfer medium, the heat transfer medium flows into the fluid supply channel 401 from the fluid inlet end 4011 of the fluid supply channel 401. Under pressure, a portion of the heat transfer medium flows into the heat dissipation channel 430, flows through the heat dissipation channel 430 to the fluid return channel 402, and then returns to the fluid pipeline of the thermal management system through the fluid return channel 402. Another portion of the heat transfer medium will, under pressure, flow from the fluid supply channel 401 into the first temperature maintenance channel 501A, then from the first temperature maintenance channel 501A to the second temperature maintenance channel 502A, then from the second temperature maintenance channel 502A to the fluid return channel 402, and then returns to the fluid pipeline of the thermal management system through the fluid return channel 402. Therefore, the heat transfer medium flowing in the first temperature maintaining channel 501A and the second temperature maintaining channel 502A between the first end plate 10 and the fuel cell cell group 40 forms a multi-layer thermal insulation fluid barrier to significantly weaken the heat conduction effect of the first end plate 10 on the fuel cell cell group 40 to the fuel cell cell 43A of the fuel cell cell group 40 that is closest to the first end plate 10 on the outermost side, thereby preventing its temperature from being lower than other fuel cell cells 43B of the fuel cell cell group 40, thereby ensuring the temperature consistency between the fuel cell cells 43 of the fuel cell cell group 40. Generally, because a hydrogen fuel cell stack generates heat during power generation, its interior temperature is higher than that of the first end plate 10. The heat transfer medium flowing through the first temperature maintenance channel 501A and the second temperature maintenance channel 502A forms a thermal insulation fluid barrier between the first end plate 10 and the fuel cell stack 40. This prevents the heat transfer from the first end plate 10 from causing the temperature of the fuel cell 43A of the fuel cell stack 40 to drop below that of the other fuel cell 43B in the fuel cell stack 40, thereby disrupting the temperature consistency among the fuel cell 43 in the fuel cell stack 40. Furthermore, because the heat transfer medium forming the temperature maintenance barrier also originates from the fluid supply channel 401 and similarly flows back into the fluid return channel 402, where it is mixed and flows to the fluid pipeline of the thermal management system, the temperature of the fuel cell 43A of the fuel cell stack 40, located on the outermost side closest to the first end plate 10, is maintained substantially consistent with that of the other fuel cell 43B in the fuel cell stack 40, preventing a significant temperature difference between the two from affecting the performance of the entire hydrogen fuel cell stack.In addition, the thermal insulation fluid barrier formed by the heat transfer medium flowing in the first temperature maintenance channel 501A and the second temperature maintenance channel 502A of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention also helps to fully heat the temperature of the fuel cell 43A of the fuel cell group 40 on the outermost side near the first end plate 10 when the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention is cold-started in a low-temperature environment, and maintain it substantially consistent with the temperature of the other fuel cell 43B of the fuel cell group 40. This shortens the cold-start time of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention and enhances the temperature consistency between the fuel cell 43A at the two ends and the fuel cell 43B located in the interior during the cold-start process. When starting the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention under low ambient temperature conditions, the operator can first heat the heat transfer medium and form a reflux in the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention to heat the fuel cell 43 of the fuel cell group 40 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention. Secondly, the thermal insulation fluid barrier formed by the heat transfer medium flowing through the first temperature maintenance channel 501A and the second temperature maintenance channel 502A of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention ensures that the fuel cell 43 of the fuel cell group 40 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention is heated uniformly and maintains a substantially consistent temperature, thereby ensuring the low-temperature startup performance of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention. Finally, the thermal insulation fluid barrier formed by the heat transfer medium flowing through the first temperature maintenance channel 501A and the second temperature maintenance channel 502A of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention can also prevent the heat transfer effect of the first end plate 10 from causing the temperature of the fuel cell 43A of the fuel cell group 40 to be higher than that of other fuel cell 43B in the fuel cell group 40, thereby avoiding the temperature consistency between the fuel cell 43 of the fuel cell group 40. In other words, the thermal insulation fluid barrier can significantly reduce the impact of the external ambient temperature on the fuel cell 43A located at the two ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, significantly reducing the degree of heat exchange between the fuel cell 43A located at the outermost ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack and the external environment.

[0059] As shown in the attached figure Figure 4As shown, the temperature maintaining element 50A of an optional implementation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a first temperature maintaining member 531A, a second temperature maintaining member 532A, and a third temperature maintaining member 533A. The first temperature maintaining member 531A, the second temperature maintaining member 532A, and the third temperature maintaining member 533A are sequentially arranged between the first current collecting plate 31 and the fuel cell stack 40. The first temperature maintaining channel 501A is formed between the third temperature maintaining member 533A and the fuel cell stack 40, and the second temperature maintaining channel 502A is formed within the temperature maintaining element 50A, and its cross-section is U-shaped. Accordingly, the heat transfer medium flowing in the first temperature maintaining channel 501A and the second temperature maintaining channel 502A forms a multi-layer fluid barrier (at least three layers) to ensure that the temperature of the fuel cell 43A at the outermost side of the fuel cell stack 40, adjacent to the first end plate 10, is substantially unaffected by, or at least weakened by, the heat transfer effect of the first end plate 10.

[0060] As shown in the attached figure Figure 4 As shown, further, the second temperature maintaining channel 502A of the optional implementation of the hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the first embodiment of the present invention forms a first temperature maintaining flow channel 5310A and a second temperature maintaining flow channel 5320A, wherein one end of the first temperature maintaining flow channel 5310A is connected to one end of the second temperature maintaining flow channel 5320A, the other end of the first temperature maintaining flow channel 5310A forms the second connecting opening 5021A, and the other end of the second temperature maintaining flow channel 5320A forms the second conducting opening 5022A.

[0061] As shown in the attached figure Figure 4As shown, further, according to the optional implementation of the second temperature maintaining channel 502A of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the first embodiment of the present invention, the first temperature maintaining flow channel 5310A is formed between the first temperature maintaining member 531A and the second temperature maintaining member 532A, the second temperature maintaining flow channel 5320A is formed between the second temperature maintaining member 532A and the third temperature maintaining member 533A, and the second temperature maintaining member 532A forms at least one first through hole 503A, and the third temperature maintaining member 533A forms at least one second through hole 504A, wherein the first through hole 503A is respectively connected to the first temperature maintaining flow channel 5310A and the second temperature maintaining flow channel 5320A, As a result, the first temperature-maintaining channel 501A extends in a U-shape within the temperature-maintaining element 50A, and the second through-hole 504A communicates with the second temperature-maintaining channel 5320A and the first temperature-maintaining channel 501A, respectively. Thus, the first temperature-maintaining channel 501A and the second temperature-maintaining channel 502A form an S-shaped temperature-maintaining barrier. The flow of the heat transfer medium forming the heat-insulating fluid barrier within the first temperature-maintaining channel 501A and the second temperature-maintaining channel 502A ensures that the temperature of the fuel cell 43A at the outermost side of the fuel cell stack 40, adjacent to the first end plate 10, is substantially unaffected by, or has its influence weakened by, the heat transfer effect of the first end plate 10. Preferably, the first through-hole 503A is formed at an end of the second temperature-maintaining element 532A that is distal to the second communication opening 5021A of the first temperature-maintaining channel 5310A, and the second through-hole 504A is formed at an end of the third temperature-maintaining element 533A that is distal to the first communication opening 5011A of the first temperature-maintaining channel 501A.

[0062] It is worth noting that the hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the first embodiment of the present invention may be configured to include two temperature maintaining elements 50A, which are respectively disposed between the first current collecting plate 31 and the fuel cell group 40 and between the second current collecting plate 32 and the fuel cell group 40. Accordingly, each temperature maintaining element 50A forms a first temperature maintaining channel 501A and a second temperature maintaining channel 502A to ensure that the temperatures of the outermost fuel cell 43A of the fuel cell group 40 near the first end plate 10 and the outermost fuel cell 43C near the second end plate 20 are substantially unaffected by or weakened by the heat transfer effect of the second end plate 20. It can be understood that the fuel cell 43 of the fuel cell group 40 is formed by the fuel cell 43A near the first end plate 10, the fuel cell 43C near the second end plate 20, and a plurality of (or at least one) fuel cell 43B located therebetween.

[0063] Therefore, the temperature maintaining element 50A of the hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the first embodiment of the present invention has a simple structure, ingenious design, low cost, and is easy to use, and it can be applied to the existing hydrogen fuel cell stack without changing the overall structure of the existing hydrogen fuel cell stack.

[0064] Attached Figure 5The figure shows a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to a second embodiment of the present invention, which includes a first end plate 10B, a second end plate 20B, a first current collecting plate 31, a second current collecting plate 32 and a fuel cell monomer group 40, wherein the fuel cell monomer group 40 is stacked between the first end plate 10B and the second end plate 20B, the first current collecting plate 31 is arranged between the first end plate 10B and the fuel cell monomer group 40, and the second current collecting plate 32 is arranged between the second end plate 20B and the fuel cell monomer group 40, wherein the first end 11B of the first end plate 10B and the first end 41 of the fuel cell monomer group 40 form a fluid supply channel 401, the second end 12B of the first end plate 10B and the second end 42 of the fuel cell monomer group 40 form a fluid return channel 402, and each adjacent two fuel cell monomers 43 of the fuel cell monomer group 40 form a fluid return channel 403. A heat dissipation channel 430 is formed between the two, wherein the first end plate 10B further forms a temperature maintaining channel 100B, wherein the temperature maintaining channel 100B has a first communicating opening 101B and a second communicating opening 102B, wherein one end of each of the heat dissipation channels 430 is connected to the fluid supply channel 401, and the other end is connected to the fluid return channel 402, the first communicating opening 101B of the temperature maintaining channel 100B is connected to the fluid supply channel 401, and the second communicating opening 102B of the temperature maintaining channel 100B is connected to the fluid return channel 402, wherein the fluid supply channel 401 has a fluid inlet end 4011 for a heat transfer medium to flow into the fluid supply channel 401, and the fluid return channel 402 has a fluid outlet end 4021 for a heat transfer medium to flow out of the fluid return channel 402. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the first end 11B of the first end plate 10B and the first end 41 of the fuel cell monomer group 40 are stacked together to form the fluid supply channel 401, and the second end 12B of the first end plate 10B and the second end 42 of the fuel cell monomer group 40 are stacked together to form the fluid return channel 402. It will be understood that the heat transfer medium herein is a fluid. Exemplarily, the heat transfer medium herein is a liquid, such as deionized water or an ethylene glycol solution. Preferably, the first end plate 10B and the second end plate 20B are made of an insulating material. Preferably, the cross-section of the temperature maintaining channel 100B is S-shaped.

[0065] It is worth noting that the fluid supply channel 401 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention should be connected to the outlet end of the fluid pipeline of the thermal management system, and the fluid return channel 402 should be connected to the inlet end of the fluid pipeline of the thermal management system. Accordingly, when the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention is operating normally and dissipating heat using a heat transfer medium, the heat transfer medium flows into the fluid supply channel 401 from the fluid inlet end 4011 of the fluid supply channel 401. Under pressure, part of the heat transfer medium flows into the heat dissipation channel 430, flows through the heat dissipation channel 430 to the fluid return channel 402, and then returns to the fluid pipeline of the thermal management system through the fluid return channel 402. Another part of the heat transfer medium will flow from the fluid supply channel 401 under pressure into the temperature maintenance channel 100B, then flow from the temperature maintenance channel 100B to the fluid return channel 402, and then return to the fluid pipeline of the thermal management system through the fluid return channel 402. Therefore, when the heat transfer medium (whose temperature is higher than the external ambient temperature) flows in the temperature maintaining channel 100B, a multi-layer thermal insulation fluid barrier is formed between the first end plate 10B and the fuel cell monomer group 40, so as to greatly weaken the heat conduction effect of the first end plate 10B on the fuel cell monomer group 40 to the fuel cell monomer 43A of the fuel cell monomer group 40 that is closest to the first end plate 10B on the outermost side of the fuel cell monomer group 40, thereby preventing its temperature from being lower than other fuel cell monomers 43B of the fuel cell monomer group 40, thereby ensuring the temperature consistency between the fuel cell monomers 43 of the fuel cell monomer group 40. Generally, because a hydrogen fuel cell stack generates heat during power generation, its interior temperature is higher than that of the first end plate 10B. The heat transfer medium flowing through the temperature maintenance channel 100B forms a thermal barrier between the first end plate 10B and the fuel cell stack 40. This prevents the heat transfer from the first end plate 10B from causing the temperature of the fuel cell 43A of the fuel cell stack 40 to drop below that of the other fuel cell 43B in the fuel cell stack 40, thereby disrupting the temperature consistency among the fuel cell 43 in the fuel cell stack 40. Furthermore, because the heat transfer medium flowing through the temperature maintenance barrier also originates from the fluid supply channel 401 and similarly flows back into the fluid return channel 402, where it is mixed and flows to the fluid piping of the thermal management system, the temperature of the fuel cell 43A of the fuel cell stack 40, located on the outermost side closest to the first end plate 10B, is maintained substantially consistent with that of the other fuel cell 43B in the fuel cell stack 40, preventing a significant temperature difference between the two from affecting the performance of the entire hydrogen fuel cell stack.In addition, the heat-insulating fluid barrier formed by the heat transfer medium flowing in the temperature-maintaining channel 100B of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention also helps to fully heat the temperature of the fuel cell cells 43A of the fuel cell group 40 located on the outermost side near the first end plate 10B when the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention is cold-started in a low-temperature environment, and maintain the temperature substantially consistent with the other fuel cell cells 43B of the fuel cell group 40. This shortens the cold-start time of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention and enhances the temperature consistency between the fuel cell cells 43A located on the outermost sides and the fuel cell cells 43B located on the inner side during the cold-start process. When starting the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention under low ambient temperature conditions, the operator can first heat the heat transfer medium and form a reflux in the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention to heat the fuel cell cells 43 of the fuel cell group 40 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention. Secondly, the thermal insulation fluid barrier formed by the heat transfer medium flowing through the temperature maintenance channel 100B of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention ensures that the fuel cell cells 43 of the fuel cell group 40 of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention are heated uniformly and maintain substantially consistent temperatures, thereby ensuring the low-temperature startup performance of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention. Finally, the thermal insulation fluid barrier formed by the heat transfer medium flowing through the temperature maintenance channel 100B of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention can also prevent the heat transfer effect of the first end plate 10B from causing the temperature of the fuel cell 43A of the fuel cell group 40 to be higher than that of other fuel cell cells 43B of the fuel cell group 40, thereby avoiding the temperature consistency between the fuel cell cells 43 of the fuel cell group 40. In other words, the thermal insulation fluid barrier can significantly reduce the impact of the external ambient temperature on the fuel cell cells 43A located at the two ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack, significantly reducing the degree of heat exchange between the fuel cell cells 43A located at the two ends of the hydrogen fuel cell stack and the external environment.

[0066] As shown in the attached figure Figure 5As shown, according to the second embodiment of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention, the first end plate 10B forms a first temperature maintaining part 131B, a second temperature maintaining part 132B, a third temperature maintaining part 133B and a fourth temperature maintaining part 134B, wherein the temperature maintaining channel 100B forms a first temperature maintaining flow channel 1310B, a second temperature maintaining flow channel 1320B and a third temperature maintaining flow channel 1330B, wherein the first temperature maintaining flow channel 1310B is formed between the first temperature maintaining part 131B and the second temperature maintaining part 132B, the second temperature maintaining flow channel 1320B is formed between the second temperature maintaining part 132B and the third temperature maintaining part 133B, and the third temperature maintaining flow channel 1330B is formed between the third temperature maintaining part 133B and the fourth temperature maintaining part 134B. Accordingly, the thermal insulation fluid barrier (or temperature maintenance barrier) formed by the heat transfer medium flowing in the temperature maintenance channel 100B is a multi-layer fluid barrier (at least three layers), and the flow of the heat transfer medium forming the thermal insulation fluid barrier in the temperature maintenance channel 100B ensures that the temperature of the fuel cell monomer 43A at the outermost side of the fuel cell monomer group 40 close to the first end plate 10 is basically not affected by the heat transfer effect of the first end plate 10B or its influence is weakened.

[0067] As shown in the attached figure Figure 5 As shown, the first temperature maintaining portion 131B, the second temperature maintaining portion 132B, the third temperature maintaining portion 133B and the fourth temperature maintaining portion 134B of the first end plate 10B of the hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the second embodiment of the present invention are arranged in this order from far to near from the first collecting plate 31.

[0068] As shown in the attached figure Figure 5 As shown, further, according to the second embodiment of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention, the first temperature maintaining flow channel 1310B of the temperature maintaining channel 100B forms the first connecting opening 101B and a first conduction opening 1311B, the second temperature maintaining flow channel 1320B forms a second conduction opening 1321B and a third conduction opening 1322B, and the third temperature maintaining flow channel 1330B forms a fourth conduction opening 1331B and the second connecting opening 102B, wherein the first conduction opening 1311B of the first temperature maintaining flow channel 1310B is connected to the second conduction opening 1321B of the second temperature maintaining flow channel 1320B, and the third conduction opening 1322B of the second temperature maintaining flow channel 1320B is connected to the fourth conduction opening 1331B of the third temperature maintaining flow channel 1330B.

[0069] As shown in the attached figure Figure 5As shown, further, according to the second embodiment of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention, the second temperature maintaining portion 132B of the first end plate 10B forms at least one first through hole 1301B, and the third temperature maintaining portion 133B forms at least one second through hole 1302B, wherein the first through hole 1301B is respectively connected to the first conduction opening 1311B of the first temperature maintaining flow channel 1310B and the second conduction opening 1321B of the second temperature maintaining flow channel 1320B, and the second through holes 1302B are respectively connected to the first conduction opening 1311B of the first temperature maintaining flow channel 1310B and the second conduction opening 1321B of the second temperature maintaining flow channel 1320B. It is connected to the third conductive opening 1322B of the second temperature maintaining flow channel 1320B and the fourth conductive opening 1331B of the third temperature maintaining flow channel 1330B, and the first through hole 1301B is formed at one end of the second temperature maintaining portion 132B away from the first connecting opening 101B of the first temperature maintaining flow channel 1310B, and the second through hole 1302B is formed at one end of the third temperature maintaining portion 133B away from the second connecting opening 102B of the third temperature maintaining flow channel 1330B.

[0070] As shown in the attached figure Figure 6As shown, optionally, according to the second embodiment of the hydrogen fuel cell stack of the present invention, the first temperature maintaining flow channel 1310B of the temperature maintaining channel 100B forms the second connecting opening 102B and a first conducting opening 1311B, the second temperature maintaining flow channel 1320B forms a second conducting opening 1321B and a third conducting opening 1322B, and the third temperature maintaining flow channel 1330B forms a fourth conducting opening 1331B and the first connecting opening 101B, wherein the first conducting opening 1311B of the first temperature maintaining flow channel 1310B is connected to the second conducting opening 1321B of the second temperature maintaining flow channel 1320B, and the third conducting opening 1322B of the second temperature maintaining flow channel 1320B is connected to the fourth conducting opening 1331B of the third temperature maintaining flow channel 1330B. Further, the second temperature maintaining portion 132B forms at least one first through hole 1301B, and the third temperature maintaining portion 133B forms at least one second through hole 1302B, wherein the first through hole 1301B is respectively connected to the first conductive opening 1311B of the first temperature maintaining flow channel 1310B and the second conductive opening 1321B of the second temperature maintaining flow channel 1320B, and the second through hole 1302B is respectively connected to the third conductive opening 1322B of the second temperature maintaining flow channel 1320B and the fourth conductive opening 1331B of the third temperature maintaining flow channel 1330B, and the first through hole 1301B is formed at one end of the second temperature maintaining portion 132B away from the second connecting opening 102B of the first temperature maintaining flow channel 1310B, and the second through hole 1302B is formed at one end of the third temperature maintaining portion 133B away from the first connecting opening 101B of the third temperature maintaining flow channel 1330B.

[0071] It is worth noting that the second end plate 20B of the hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the second embodiment of the present invention can also be configured to form the temperature maintaining channel 100B to ensure that the temperature of the outermost fuel cell 43A of the fuel cell group 40 near the first end plate 10 and the outermost fuel cell 43C near the second end plate 20 are substantially unaffected by or weakened by the heat transfer effect of the second end plate 20B. It can be understood that the fuel cell 43 of the fuel cell group 40 is formed by the fuel cell 43A near the first end plate 10B, the fuel cell 43C near the second end plate 20B, and multiple (or at least one) fuel cell 43B located between the two.

[0072] Therefore, the temperature maintaining channel 100B of the first end plate 10B and / or the second end plate 20B of the hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the second embodiment of the present invention has a simple structure, ingenious design, low cost, and is easy to use. It can be applied to existing hydrogen fuel cell stacks and modify existing hydrogen fuel cell stacks without changing the overall structure of the existing hydrogen fuel cell stack, only by replacing the corresponding first end plate and / or second end plate.

[0073] It is worth noting that the first, second, third and / or fourth in this article are only used to name different parts (or elements) of the present invention and to distinguish between different parts (or elements) of the present invention, and they themselves do not have the meaning of order or number.

[0074] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments described above and shown in the accompanying drawings are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. All equivalent implementations, modifications, and improvements within the spirit of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell stack, characterized in that: include: a first end plate; a second end plate; a first current collecting plate; a second current collecting plate; a fuel cell monomer stack; and at least one temperature maintaining element, wherein the fuel cell monomer group is stacked between the first end plate and the second end plate, the first current collecting plate is arranged between the first end plate and the fuel cell monomer group, the second current collecting plate is arranged between the second end plate and the fuel cell monomer group, and the temperature maintaining element is arranged between the first current collecting plate and the fuel cell monomer group, wherein the first end of the temperature maintaining element and the first end of the fuel cell monomer group form a fluid supply channel, the second end of the temperature maintaining element and the second end of the fuel cell monomer group form a fluid return channel, every two adjacent fuel cell monomers of the fuel cell monomer group form a heat dissipation channel located therebetween, the temperature maintaining element further forms a first temperature maintaining channel, and the fuel cell monomer group and the temperature maintaining element form a second temperature maintaining channel located therebetween, wherein The first temperature maintaining channel has a first connecting opening and a first conducting opening, and the second temperature maintaining channel has a second connecting opening and a second conducting opening, wherein one end of each of the heat dissipation channels is connected to the fluid supply channel, and the other end is connected to the fluid return channel, the first connecting opening of the first temperature maintaining channel is connected to the fluid supply channel, the second connecting opening of the second temperature maintaining channel is connected to the fluid return channel, and the first conducting opening of the first temperature maintaining channel is connected to the second conducting opening of the second temperature maintaining channel, thereby forming a temperature maintaining channel, wherein the fluid supply channel has a fluid inlet end for heat transfer medium to flow into the fluid supply channel, and the fluid return channel has a fluid outlet end for heat transfer medium to flow out of the fluid return channel, wherein the temperature maintaining element is made of conductive material.

2. The hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature maintaining element includes a first temperature maintaining member, a second temperature maintaining member and a third temperature maintaining member, wherein the first temperature maintaining member, the second temperature maintaining member and the third temperature maintaining member are sequentially arranged between the first collecting plate and the fuel cell monomer group, wherein the second temperature maintaining channel is formed between the third temperature maintaining member and the fuel cell monomer group, and the first temperature maintaining channel is formed in the temperature maintaining element, and its cross-section is U-shaped.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first temperature maintaining channel forms a first temperature maintaining flow channel and a second temperature maintaining flow channel, wherein the first temperature maintaining flow channel of the first temperature maintaining channel is formed between the first temperature maintaining member and the second temperature maintaining member, and the second temperature maintaining flow channel is formed between the second temperature maintaining member and the third temperature maintaining member, wherein the second temperature maintaining member forms at least one first through hole, and the third temperature maintaining member forms at least one second through hole, wherein the first through hole is respectively connected to the first temperature maintaining flow channel and the second temperature maintaining flow channel, and the second through hole is respectively connected to the second temperature maintaining flow channel and the second temperature maintaining channel.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first through hole is formed at one end of the second temperature maintaining member away from the first communication opening of the first temperature maintaining flow channel, and the second through hole is formed at one end of the third temperature maintaining member away from the second communication opening of the second temperature maintaining channel.

5. A hydrogen fuel cell stack, characterized in that: include: a first end plate; a second end plate; a first current collecting plate; a second current collecting plate; a fuel cell monomer stack; and at least one temperature maintaining element, wherein the fuel cell monomer group is stacked between the first end plate and the second end plate, the first current collecting plate is arranged between the first end plate and the fuel cell monomer group, the second current collecting plate is arranged between the second end plate and the fuel cell monomer group, and the temperature maintaining element is arranged between the first current collecting plate and the fuel cell monomer group, wherein the first end of the temperature maintaining element and the first end of the fuel cell monomer group form a fluid supply channel, the second end of the temperature maintaining element and the second end of the fuel cell monomer group form a fluid return channel, every two adjacent fuel cell monomers of the fuel cell monomer group form a heat dissipation channel located therebetween, the fuel cell monomer group and the temperature maintaining element form a first temperature maintaining channel located therebetween, and the temperature maintaining element further forms a second temperature maintaining channel, wherein The first temperature maintaining channel has a first connecting opening and a first conducting opening, and the second temperature maintaining channel has a second connecting opening and a second conducting opening, wherein one end of each of the heat dissipation channels is connected to the fluid supply channel, and the other end is connected to the fluid return channel, the first connecting opening of the first temperature maintaining channel is connected to the fluid supply channel, the second connecting opening of the second temperature maintaining channel is connected to the fluid return channel, and the first conducting opening of the first temperature maintaining channel is connected to the second conducting opening of the second temperature maintaining channel, thereby forming a temperature maintaining channel, wherein the fluid supply channel has a fluid inlet end for heat transfer medium to flow into the fluid supply channel, and the fluid return channel has a fluid outlet end for heat transfer medium to flow out of the fluid return channel, wherein the temperature maintaining element is made of conductive material.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature maintaining element includes a first temperature maintaining member, a second temperature maintaining member and a third temperature maintaining member, wherein the first temperature maintaining member, the second temperature maintaining member and the third temperature maintaining member are arranged in sequence between the first collecting plate and the fuel cell monomer group, wherein the first temperature maintaining channel is formed between the third temperature maintaining member and the fuel cell monomer group, and the second temperature maintaining channel is formed in the temperature maintaining element, and its cross-section is U-shaped.

7. The hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second temperature maintaining channel forms a first temperature maintaining flow channel and a second temperature maintaining flow channel, wherein the first temperature maintaining flow channel of the first temperature maintaining channel is formed between the first temperature maintaining member and the second temperature maintaining member, and the second temperature maintaining flow channel is formed between the second temperature maintaining member and the third temperature maintaining member, wherein the second temperature maintaining member forms at least one first through hole, and the third temperature maintaining member forms at least one second through hole, wherein the first through hole is respectively connected to the first temperature maintaining flow channel and the second temperature maintaining flow channel, and the second through hole is respectively connected to the second temperature maintaining flow channel and the second temperature maintaining channel.

8. The hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first through hole is formed at one end of the second temperature maintaining member away from the second communication opening of the first temperature maintaining flow channel, and the second through hole is formed at one end of the third temperature maintaining member away from the first communication opening of the first temperature maintaining channel.

9. A hydrogen fuel cell stack, characterized in that: include: a first end plate; a second end plate; a first current collecting plate; a second current collecting plate; and A fuel cell monomer group, wherein the fuel cell monomer group is stacked between the first end plate and the second end plate, the first current collecting plate is arranged between the first end plate and the fuel cell monomer group, and the second current collecting plate is arranged between the second end plate and the fuel cell monomer group, wherein the first end of the first end plate and the first end of the fuel cell monomer group form a fluid supply channel, the second end of the first end plate and the second end of the fuel cell monomer group form a fluid return channel, and each two adjacent fuel cell monomers of the fuel cell monomer group form a heat dissipation channel located therebetween, wherein the first end plate further forms a temperature maintaining channel, wherein the temperature maintaining channel has a first connecting opening and a second connecting opening, wherein one end of each of the heat dissipation channels is connected to the fluid supply channel, and the other end is connected to the fluid return channel, the first connecting opening of the temperature maintaining channel is connected to the fluid supply channel, and the second connecting opening of the temperature maintaining channel is connected to The fluid return channels are interconnected, wherein the fluid supply channel has a fluid inlet end for a heat transfer medium to flow into the fluid supply channel, and the fluid return channel has a fluid outlet end for a heat transfer medium to flow out of the fluid return channel. The first end plate forms a first temperature maintaining portion, a second temperature maintaining portion, a third temperature maintaining portion, and a fourth temperature maintaining portion, wherein the temperature maintaining channel forms a first temperature maintaining flow channel, a second temperature maintaining flow channel, and a third temperature maintaining flow channel, wherein the first temperature maintaining flow channel is formed between the first temperature maintaining portion and the second temperature maintaining portion, the second temperature maintaining flow channel is formed between the second temperature maintaining portion and the third temperature maintaining portion, and the third temperature maintaining flow channel is formed between the third temperature maintaining portion and the fourth temperature maintaining portion, and the first temperature maintaining portion, the second temperature maintaining portion, the third temperature maintaining portion, and the fourth temperature maintaining portion of the first end plate are arranged in this order from far to near from the first collecting plate.

10. The hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first temperature maintaining flow channel forms the first connecting opening and a first conducting opening, the second temperature maintaining flow channel forms a second conducting opening and a third conducting opening, and the third temperature maintaining flow channel forms a fourth conducting opening and the second connecting opening, wherein the first conducting opening of the first temperature maintaining flow channel is connected to the second conducting opening of the second temperature maintaining flow channel, and the third conducting opening of the second temperature maintaining flow channel is connected to the fourth conducting opening of the third temperature maintaining flow channel.

11. The hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 10, characterized in that: The second temperature maintaining portion forms at least one first through hole, and the third temperature maintaining portion forms at least one second through hole, wherein the first through hole is respectively connected to the first conduction opening of the first temperature maintaining flow channel and the second conduction opening of the second temperature maintaining flow channel, and the second through hole is respectively connected to the third conduction opening of the second temperature maintaining flow channel and the fourth conduction opening of the third temperature maintaining flow channel, and the first through hole is formed at one end of the second temperature maintaining portion away from the first connecting opening of the first temperature maintaining flow channel, and the second through hole is formed at one end of the third temperature maintaining portion away from the second connecting opening of the third temperature maintaining flow channel.

12. The hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first temperature maintaining flow channel forms the second connecting opening and a first conducting opening, the second temperature maintaining flow channel forms a second conducting opening and a third conducting opening, and the third temperature maintaining flow channel forms a fourth conducting opening and the first connecting opening, wherein the first conducting opening of the first temperature maintaining flow channel is connected to the second conducting opening of the second temperature maintaining flow channel, and the third conducting opening of the second temperature maintaining flow channel is connected to the fourth conducting opening of the third temperature maintaining flow channel.

13. The hydrogen fuel cell stack according to claim 10, characterized in that: The second temperature maintaining portion forms at least one first through hole, and the third temperature maintaining portion forms at least one second through hole, wherein the first through holes are respectively connected to the first conduction opening of the first temperature maintaining flow channel and the second conduction opening of the second temperature maintaining flow channel, and the second through holes are respectively connected to the third conduction opening of the second temperature maintaining flow channel and the fourth conduction opening of the third temperature maintaining flow channel, and the first through hole is formed at one end of the second temperature maintaining portion away from the second connecting opening of the first temperature maintaining flow channel, and the second through hole is formed at one end of the third temperature maintaining portion away from the first connecting opening of the third temperature maintaining flow channel.

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