Fracturing equipment

Abstract

This invention provides a fracturing device, including a power unit. The power unit comprises a silencing chamber, a turbine engine, an air intake device, an air intake assembly, and an air outlet assembly. The air intake device is connected to the turbine engine via an air intake duct and is configured to provide combustion-supporting gas to the turbine engine. The air intake device is located at the top of the silencing chamber, which has a accommodating space within which the turbine engine is located. The air intake assembly is located on one side of the silencing chamber along the axial direction of the turbine engine and is connected to the accommodating space. The air outlet assembly is located on the other side of the silencing chamber along the axial direction of the turbine engine and is opposite to the air intake assembly. The air outlet assembly is connected to the accommodating space. The air outlet assembly includes an air outlet duct and a discharge section connected to the air outlet duct, the discharge section being used to change the orientation of the air outlet of the air outlet assembly. This fracturing device has advantages such as small size, high power, and environmental friendliness.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] Embodiments of this disclosure relate to a fracturing apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the increasing demand for unconventional natural gas such as shale gas, the demand for fracturing equipment has also increased significantly. Fracturing equipment typically includes a main power unit, multiple auxiliary power units, and some supporting equipment. These units are usually arranged laterally, are large in size, and inconvenient to transport. How to design a smaller, more compact fracturing unit to facilitate transportation in harsh conditions such as remote mountainous areas is a key problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0003] At least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a fracturing device, including a power unit, wherein the power unit includes a silencing chamber, a turbine engine, an air intake device, an air intake assembly, and an air outlet assembly; the air intake device is connected to the turbine engine via an air intake pipe and is configured to provide combustion-supporting gas to the turbine engine; the air intake device is located at the top of the silencing chamber and the silencing chamber has an accommodating space, and the turbine engine is located within the accommodating space; the air intake assembly is located on one side of the silencing chamber along the axial direction of the turbine engine and is connected to the accommodating space; the air outlet assembly is located on the other side of the silencing chamber along the axial direction of the turbine engine and is disposed opposite to the air intake assembly, and the air outlet assembly is connected to the accommodating space; and the air outlet assembly includes an air outlet pipe and a discharge section connected to the air outlet pipe, the discharge section being used to change the orientation of the air outlet of the air outlet assembly.

[0004] In some examples, the air outlet faces upwards or to the side.

[0005] In some examples, the outlet is rotatably connected to the air outlet duct, thereby changing the orientation of the air outlet by rotating the outlet.

[0006] In some examples, the outlet section is elbow-shaped.

[0007] In some examples, the derived portion has a conical cross-section.

[0008] In some examples, the corners of the cone are 40°-60°.

[0009] In some examples, the outlet includes a shielding section and an air outlet section, the shielding section being configured to shield the air outlet of the air outlet duct, and the air outlet section being configured to discharge gas flowing into the outlet section from the air outlet duct.

[0010] In some examples, the orthographic projection of the shield on the plane where the air outlet of the air duct is located at least partially overlaps with the air outlet, and the overlapping area is greater than 30% of the area of ​​the air outlet.

[0011] In some examples, the air outlet includes a rotating shaft and blades disposed on the rotating shaft, the blades being rotatable about the rotating shaft.

[0012] In some examples, the shaft and the blades are located at the air outlet of the air outlet section, so that the air outlet section can be opened and closed by rotating the blades.

[0013] In some examples, the inner wall of the anechoic chamber is equipped with a sound-absorbing device.

[0014] In some examples, the noise reduction device includes noise reduction cotton or noise reduction panels.

[0015] In some examples, the intake device includes an intake filter and an intake muffler, one end of which is connected to the intake filter and the other end of which is connected to the intake duct.

[0016] In some examples, the air intake device includes a plurality of air intake compartments arranged side by side along the axial direction of the turbine engine.

[0017] In some examples, the air intake extends beyond the anechoic chamber in the axial direction of the turbine engine.

[0018] In some examples, the fracturing equipment further includes: a fracturing pump assembly including a fracturing pump; and a transmission mechanism, wherein the fracturing pump assembly is connected to the power unit via the transmission mechanism, the power unit being configured to drive the fracturing pump; the turbine engine, the transmission mechanism, and the fracturing pump are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the turbine engine.

[0019] In some examples, the power unit further includes a power skid on which the silencing chamber is mounted; the fracturing pump unit further includes a pump skid with a bearing surface on which the fracturing pump is mounted.

[0020] In some examples, the power skid and the pump skid are detachably connected.

[0021] In some examples, the fracturing equipment also includes an integral skid, wherein the power skid and the pump skid are detachably connected to the integral skid.

[0022] In some examples, the power skid includes a flip-over mechanism for flipping to a horizontal position to place the pump skid.

[0023] In some examples, the fracturing pump assembly also includes a lubricating oil cooling device located on the side of the fracturing pump away from the bearing surface of the pump skid.

[0024] In some examples, the fracturing pump assembly further includes a third lubrication system comprising a third lubricating oil tank and a third drive mechanism, the third drive mechanism comprising a first electric motor, the third lubrication system being located on the side of the drive mechanism away from the air intake device.

[0025] In some examples, the fracturing pump assembly further includes a fracturing pump base located below the fracturing pump, the fracturing pump base aligning the fracturing pump and the turbine engine in a straight line along the axial direction of the turbine engine.

[0026] In some examples, the third lubrication system is located below the transmission mechanism.

[0027] In some examples, the lubricating oil cooling device includes a second electric motor and a radiator, and is arranged longitudinally with the fracturing pump.

[0028] In some examples, the fracturing equipment also includes a skid on which the power unit and the fracturing pump are mounted.

[0029] In some examples, the fracturing equipment is a vehicle-mounted or semi-trailer-mounted device.

[0030] In some examples, the power skid and the pump skid include a bottom structure, or a bottom structure and an upwardly extending cage structure for securing devices mounted on the bottom structure.

[0031] In some examples, the power skid and the pump skid are connected by snap-fit ​​or by a connecting plate.

[0032] In some examples, one of the power skid and the pump skid has a single lug, and the other of the power skid and the pump skid has a double lug, and the single lug and the double lug are connected by a pin.

[0033] In some examples, the silencing chamber and the turbine engine are integrated into the power skid, and the fracturing pump is integrated into the pump skid.

[0034] In some examples, the pump skid and the flip-over mechanism are detachably connected.

[0035] In some examples, the reversible mechanism allows the fracturing pump and the turbine engine to be aligned in a straight line along the axial direction of the turbine engine.

[0036] In some examples, the axial direction of the turbine engine is the extension direction of the turbine engine's drive shaft or output shaft.

[0037] In some examples, the turbine engine is fuel-driven, and other equipment in the fracturing apparatus is electrically driven.

[0038] In some examples, the fracturing pump is a plunger pump.

[0039] In some examples, the transmission mechanism includes a coupling, which is a flexible coupling, a drive shaft, or a clutch. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fracturing device provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a turbine engine provided in at least one embodiment of this disclosure;

[0042] Figure 3A This is a structural schematic diagram of a fire protection system provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 3B Structural schematic diagrams of fire protection systems provided in other embodiments of this disclosure;

[0044] Figure 4A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air outlet assembly provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 4B This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air outlet provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] Figure 5A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exhaust muffler provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0047] Figure 5B This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exhaust muffler provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] Figure 5C Schematic diagram of the exhaust muffler provided for other embodiments of this disclosure;

[0049] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of fracturing equipment provided for other embodiments of this disclosure;

[0050] Figure 7A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fracturing device provided in some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0051] Figure 7B and Figure 7CSchematic diagrams of fracturing equipment provided for further embodiments of this disclosure; and

[0052] Figure 8A and Figure 8B This is a structural schematic diagram of a fracturing device provided for other embodiments of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0053] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this disclosure clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the described embodiments of this disclosure without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0054] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this disclosure shall have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms “first,” “second,” and similar terms used in this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as “comprising” or “including” mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed following the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as “connected” or “linked” are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as “upper,” “lower,” “left,” and “right” are used only to indicate relative positional relationships, and these relative positional relationships may change accordingly when the absolute position of the described objects changes.

[0055] Because turbine engines can directly use natural gas as fuel and have advantages such as small size, light weight, and high power density, using turbine engines in the fracturing equipment field, compared to using diesel engines, not only helps reduce the size of fracturing equipment but also has advantages such as environmental friendliness and high driving efficiency. Furthermore, compared to using electric motors, using turbine engines can reduce the power supply pressure at the fracturing operation site. In addition, turbine engines also have the advantages of small size, light weight, and high power density.

[0056] On the other hand, a turbine engine generates power by using fluid to impact the rotation of an impeller. Therefore, the impeller and blades of a turbine engine need to be kept clean to prevent debris from disrupting the impeller's balance or damaging it, which could lead to equipment malfunction.

[0057] At least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a fracturing device, including a power unit. The power unit includes a silencing chamber, a turbine engine, an air intake device, and a cleaning device; the air intake device is connected to the turbine engine via an air intake pipe and is configured to provide combustion-supporting gas to the turbine engine; the cleaning device is configured to clean the turbine engine; the air intake device is located on top of the silencing chamber, and the silencing chamber has an accommodating space, the turbine engine and the cleaning device are located within the accommodating space, and the cleaning device is located on the side of the turbine engine away from the air intake device.

[0058] The fracturing equipment provided in at least one embodiment of this disclosure facilitates air intake by placing the air intake device above (at the highest point) of the turbine engine, while placing the cleaning device below the turbine engine. This allows the fracturing equipment to be arranged in three layers (upper, middle, and lower), resulting in a more compact structure, smaller footprint, and easier transportation. Furthermore, placing the turbine engine in a silencing chamber helps reduce noise.

[0059] For example, "below" in this embodiment does not necessarily mean directly below, but can also mean diagonally below.

[0060] In at least one embodiment, the cleaning device is directly electrically driven, i.e., driven by an electric motor, which effectively reduces the volume occupied by the cleaning device and facilitates its placement under the turbine engine. For example, the highest point of the cleaning device is located below the lowest point of the turbine engine. This arrangement ensures that the cleaning device does not obstruct the turbine engine in the vertical direction, thereby facilitating turbine engine maintenance.

[0061] In other examples, the cleaning device may also be pneumatically or hydraulically driven. This disclosure does not limit the driving method of the cleaning device.

[0062] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fracturing device provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, for example, a side view.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, the fracturing equipment 5 includes a power unit 1. The power unit 1 includes a silencing chamber 11, a turbine engine 12, an air intake device 13, and a cleaning device 14.

[0064] The anechoic chamber 11 has a accommodating space 110, within which the turbine engine 12 and the cleaning device 14 are located. For example, the inner walls of the anechoic chamber are provided with sound-absorbing devices such as sound-absorbing cotton or sound-absorbing panels.

[0065] The air intake device 13 is located on top of the silencing compartment 11 and is connected to the turbine engine 12 via an air intake duct 131, and is configured to provide combustion-supporting gas to the turbine engine 12. For example, the air intake device 13 includes an air intake filter and an air intake muffler, one end of which is connected to the air intake filter and the other end of which is connected to the air intake duct 131.

[0066] For example, the air intake device 13 includes a plurality of air intake compartments 132 arranged side by side. The plurality of air intake compartments 132 help to increase the volume of the air intake device 13, not only to have a larger gas capacity, thereby increasing the power of the turbine engine 12, but also to help reduce the drag of the intake and exhaust gases, thereby helping to extend the life of the turbine engine.

[0067] For example, the air intake device 13 extends beyond the anechoic chamber 11 in the axial direction of the turbine engine, which not only helps to increase the volume of the air intake chamber, but also provides shelter (such as rain protection) for the structures below (such as the air intake assembly and air outlet assembly described below). It should be noted that the axial direction of the aforementioned turbine engine can be the extension direction of the drive shaft or output shaft in the turbine engine.

[0068] For example, the air intake device 13 is fixed to the top of the anechoic chamber 11 by welding or other means.

[0069] For example, the cleaning device 14 is located on the side of the turbine engine 12 away from the intake device 13, that is, below the turbine engine. For example, the cleaning device 14 can be located directly below or diagonally below the turbine engine 12. For example, the cleaning device 14 includes a water tank 141 and a cleaning pump 142; for example, the cleaning device 14 is electrically driven, which can reduce the space occupied by the cleaning device. In other examples, the cleaning device can be driven by an air compressor, for example, the air compressor is located outside the anechoic chamber, and the air compressor can be electrically driven; in still other examples, the cleaning device can be driven by a hydraulic system, which can be electrically driven.

[0070] For example, the power unit 1 also includes a starting device located within the anechoic chamber 11, which is configured to start the turbine engine 12.

[0071] For example, the starting device includes an electric motor. For example, the electric motor is used to directly start the turbine engine 12, that is, the turbine engine is started electrically. In this case, for example, as... Figure 2 As shown, the starting device 121 is integrated into the turbine engine.

[0072] Compared to directly using electric power to drive fracturing pumps, starting a turbine engine requires far less electricity, reducing the power supply needs at the fracturing site.

[0073] In other examples, the turbine engine 12 includes a hydraulic system, and an electric motor in the starting device drives the hydraulic system to start the turbine engine; that is, the hydraulic system is electrically driven. For example, the electric motor is located on the side of the turbine engine 12 away from the intake device.

[0074] Compared to using a diesel-powered hydraulic system, an electric motor occupies less space and can therefore be placed below the turbine engine.

[0075] For example, the hydraulic system includes a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic motor, various valves, a hydraulic oil tank, a hydraulic oil cooler, etc.; for example, the hydraulic system is configured to drive the fuel pump, starter motor, etc. of the turbine engine 12 under the drive of an electric motor, thereby starting the turbine engine 12.

[0076] For example, the power unit also includes a first lubrication system 122 configured to lubricate the turbine engine 12. Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the turbine engine 12 is shown, as follows. Figure 2 As shown, the first lubrication system 122 is integrated into the turbine engine 12.

[0077] The first lubrication system 122 includes a first lubricating oil tank 122a and a first drive mechanism 122b, the first drive mechanism including an electric motor, that is, the first lubrication system is electrically driven.

[0078] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the power unit 1 also includes a reduction gear 16 and a second lubrication system 161 located within the anechoic chamber 11. The second lubrication system 161 is configured to lubricate the reduction gear 16. The reduction gear 16 is connected to the output shaft of the turbine engine 12 and is arranged axially with the turbine engine 12.

[0079] The second lubrication system 161 includes a second lubricating oil tank 161a and a second drive mechanism 161b, the second drive mechanism 161b including an electric motor, that is, the second lubrication system 161 is electrically driven, and therefore can have a smaller size.

[0080] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second lubrication system 161 is located on the side of the turbine engine 12 away from the intake device 13, for example, below the turbine engine 12. For example, the second lubrication system 161 is arranged axially alongside the cleaning device 14, and the second lubrication system 16 is closer to the reduction gear 16 than the cleaning device 14, thereby facilitating the lubrication of the reduction gear 16 by the second lubrication system 16.

[0081] The interior of the anechoic chamber is a relatively enclosed space. The operation of the turbine engine 12 can easily lead to high temperatures or natural gas leaks inside the anechoic chamber. Furthermore, the danger is hidden, which can cause delays in the assessment of danger during manual inspections, and the safety of personnel and equipment cannot be reliably guaranteed.

[0082] For example, the power unit 1 also includes a fire protection system that can provide early warning of potential hazards inside the anechoic chamber. In at least one example, the fire protection system can automatically extinguish fires inside the anechoic chamber 11, greatly improving the reliability of equipment operation and the safety of personnel.

[0083] Figure 3A This is a schematic diagram of a fire protection system provided in at least some embodiments of this disclosure. For clarity, Figure 3A Some components of the fracturing equipment have been omitted.

[0084] like Figure 3A As shown, the fire protection system 17 includes at least one fire detector 171 and a fire-fighting material generator 172 located in the anechoic chamber 11. The fire detector 171 may include, but is not limited to, temperature detectors, smoke detectors, flame detectors, combustible gas detectors, etc.; when there are multiple types of fire detectors, the number of each type of fire detector is not limited.

[0085] The fire-fighting material generator 172 contains fire-fighting materials. For example, the fire-fighting materials include aerosols. Compared with traditional dry powder materials, aerosols have better fire-extinguishing performance for the same volume. Therefore, the container of aerosol occupies less space, making it convenient to install in the anechoic chamber 11.

[0086] like Figure 3A As shown, the fire protection system 17 includes multiple fire detectors 171 installed on the roof of the anechoic chamber 11 to detect fires at multiple different locations within the anechoic chamber 11; for example, fire detectors 171 are respectively installed directly above the turbine engine 12 and the reduction gear 16. The multiple fire detectors 171 can be of the same or different types. A fire-fighting material generator 172 is installed on a support column 160 between the turbine engine 171 and the reduction gear 16.

[0087] For example, the fire protection system 17 also includes an alarm 173, a controller 174, a fire display 175, and an emergency switch 176 located outside the anechoic chamber 11. The controller 174 is connected to the alarm 173, the fire detector 171, and the fire-fighting material generator 172 via signals (e.g., communication). When the fire detector 171 detects an anomaly, such as detecting that at least one of the temperature, smoke concentration, or combustible gas concentration in the anechoic chamber 11 exceeds a threshold, or detecting a flame, it will trigger the controller 174 to automatically start the fire-fighting material generator 172 and spray fire-fighting materials, while simultaneously controlling the alarm 173 to issue an alarm signal.

[0088] For example, the fire protection system 17 may also include a manual fire extinguishing device 177 located outside the anechoic chamber 11 for on-site personnel to manually extinguish the fire. For example, the manual fire extinguishing device 177 may be a dry powder fire extinguisher.

[0089] Figure 3B Schematic diagrams of fire suppression systems in fracturing equipment provided for other examples of this disclosure. For example... Figure 3B As shown, the fire protection system includes a control unit, an alarm and a fire-fighting material generator, multiple temperature sensors, multiple smoke sensors, and multiple combustible gas sensors. The control unit is connected to the alarm, the temperature sensors of the fire-fighting material generator, the smoke sensors, and the combustible gas sensors, respectively.

[0090] For example, the control unit is configured to control the multiple temperature sensors to simultaneously detect temperature at different locations within the turbine engine nacelle, generate a temperature data set using the obtained temperature data, and periodically repeat the above operation and output the temperature data set, thereby detecting the temperature inside the nacelle.

[0091] For example, the control unit is also configured to control the multiple smoke detectors to simultaneously detect smoke at different locations within the turbine engine compartment, generate a smoke data set using the obtained smoke data, and periodically repeat the above operation and output the smoke data set, thereby detecting smoke inside the compartment.

[0092] For example, the control unit is also configured to control the multiple combustible gas sensors to simultaneously detect the concentration of combustible gas at different locations within the turbine engine compartment, generate a methane data set using the obtained combustible gas concentration data, and periodically repeat the above operation and output the combustible gas data set, thereby detecting combustible gas in the compartment, such as methane.

[0093] For example, the control unit is also configured to periodically call the temperature data set and the temperature threshold in response to a preset temperature threshold to make a condition judgment. The judgment condition is whether more than half of the temperature data in the temperature data set are higher than the temperature threshold. If the judgment result is yes, fire information is output. If the judgment result is no, alert information is output. The alert information includes temperature data with temperatures higher than the temperature threshold and their detection locations.

[0094] For example, the control unit is also configured to respond to an externally input smoke threshold and periodically call the smoke data set and the smoke threshold to make a conditional judgment. The judgment condition is whether more than half of the smoke data in the smoke data set are higher than the smoke threshold. If the judgment result is yes, fire information is output; if the judgment result is no, alert information is output. The alert information includes the smoke data where the smoke is higher than the smoke threshold and its detection location.

[0095] For example, the control unit is also configured to respond to an externally input combustible gas concentration threshold, periodically call the combustible gas data set and the combustible gas concentration threshold to perform conditional judgment. The judgment condition is whether more than half of the combustible gas concentration data in the combustible gas data set are higher than the combustible gas concentration threshold. If the judgment result is yes, a warning message is output. If the judgment result is no, a warning message is output. The warning message includes the combustible gas concentration value that is higher than the combustible gas concentration threshold and its measurement location.

[0096] For example, the control unit is also configured to respond to fire information by triggering a fire-fighting material generator to perform fire-fighting operations, such as spraying aerosols or carbon dioxide; and simultaneously triggering an alarm to emit an alarm signal, such as an audible signal and / or a visual signal. For example, the fire-fighting material generator includes a sprinkler system, such as a structure including nozzles, a liquid storage device, and piping.

[0097] For example, the control unit is also configured to verify the detection of the combustible gas to improve the accuracy of the detection. For example, the control unit is configured to respond to fire information, determine whether a warning information is received at the same time, and if the determination result is yes, no action is taken; if the determination result is no, all methane concentration data with methane concentration values ​​less than the methane concentration threshold and their detection locations are retrieved to generate an anomaly group, and the anomaly group is output.

[0098] This fire protection system can verify the combustible gas concentration sensor by calibrating the temperature sensor and the smoke sensor, thus preventing equipment malfunctions and further improving the fire safety performance of the equipment.

[0099] For example, such as Figure 1As shown, the power unit 1 also includes an air intake assembly 18 and an air outlet assembly 19. The air intake assembly 18 is located on one side of the anechoic chamber along the axial direction of the turbine engine and is connected to the accommodating space of the anechoic chamber 12. The air outlet assembly 19 is located on the other side of the anechoic chamber along the axial direction of the turbine engine and is disposed opposite to the air intake assembly 19. The air outlet assembly 19 is connected to the accommodating space of the anechoic chamber 12. The air intake assembly 18 and the air outlet assembly 19 are used to create a circulating environment within the anechoic chamber, which helps to dissipate heat within the chamber.

[0100] Figure 4A An enlarged schematic diagram of the air outlet assembly 19 is shown. For example, as Figure 4A As shown, the air outlet assembly 19 includes an air outlet duct 191 and a discharge section 192 connected to the air outlet duct 191. The discharge section is used to change the orientation of the air outlet of the air outlet assembly, thereby effectively reducing the damage to the materials inside the chamber caused by wind and sand entering the silencing chamber from the air outlet assembly.

[0101] For example, during the loading or transportation of fracturing equipment, the air outlet assembly 19 is usually located closer to the front, i.e., the front of the vehicle, along the transportation direction; the air inlet assembly 18 is located closer to the rear, i.e., the rear of the vehicle. This is to facilitate the unloading and fracturing operation of the fracturing equipment after it arrives at the work site. In this way, during transportation, sand and dust can easily enter the silencing chamber from the air outlet assembly 19.

[0102] like Figure 4A As shown, by setting the outlet 192, the orientation of the air outlet is changed from horizontal forward (i.e., the direction of movement) to oblique downward, thereby effectively reducing the inflow of wind and sand. Figure 4A The direction of the air outlet is indicated by a dashed arrow. However, this disclosure does not limit the direction of the air outlet of the air outlet assembly after the outlet section is provided. In other examples, the air outlet may face upwards or to the side, and this disclosure does not limit this. For example, the outlet section 192 is rotatably connected to the air outlet duct 191, and the direction of the air outlet of the air outlet assembly 19 can be changed by rotating the outlet section 192.

[0103] like Figure 4A As shown, for example, the outlet 192 is elbow-shaped with a conical cross-section, for example, a cone angle of 40°-60°, or for example, 45°.

[0104] For example, such as Figure 4A As shown, the outlet 192 includes a shielding part 192a and an air outlet part 192b. The shielding part 192a is configured to shield the air outlet 191a of the air outlet duct 191 to block external wind and sand. The air outlet part 192b is configured to discharge the gas flowing into the outlet 192 from the air outlet duct 191. Figure 4AThe boundary between the obstruction 192a and the air outlet 192b is shown by a dashed line perpendicular to the air outlet 191a of the air outlet duct 191, but this boundary may not actually exist.

[0105] For example, the orthographic projection of the shielding part 192a on the plane where the air outlet 191a of the air outlet duct 191 is located overlaps at least partially with the air outlet 191a to form a shield, and the overlapping area is greater than 30% of the area of ​​the air outlet, thereby achieving effective shielding.

[0106] The outlet section 192 is structurally designed to achieve the blocking effect autonomously, without requiring additional power or control.

[0107] In other examples, such as Figure 4B As shown, the air outlet 192b may include a rotating shaft 193a and blades 193b disposed on the rotating shaft 193a. The blades 193b are rotatable about the rotating shaft, for example, rotating under the action of an external force. For example, the rotating shaft and the blades are located at the air outlet of the air outlet. By rotating the blades, the air outlet can be opened and closed. For example, the air outlet can be closed during transportation; the air outlet can be opened during fracturing operations. Figure 4B The diagram shows the air outlet 192b in a closed state in a direction perpendicular to its outlet surface. Figure 4B (left side) and conduction state ( Figure 4B (Right side) Schematic diagram of the shaft and blades.

[0108] For example, the power unit also includes an exhaust muffler, which is connected to the turbine engine 12 via an exhaust pipe, and is used to muffle and guide the exhaust gas discharged from the turbine engine 12 into the atmosphere. Figure 5A A schematic diagram of the structure of an exhaust muffler provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure is shown.

[0109] like Figure 5A As shown, the exhaust muffler 20 includes an L-shaped gas transmission channel 201. The gas transmission channel 201 is L-shaped. One end of the gas transmission channel 201 has an air inlet 201a, which is connected to the turbine engine 12 through the exhaust channel to allow air to enter. The other end has an upward-facing air outlet 201b to facilitate the discharge of exhaust gas generated by the turbine engine into the atmosphere. Figure 5A The direction of gas transport is indicated by arrows.

[0110] The exhaust muffler 20 also includes a sound-absorbing layer 202 fitted inside the gas transmission pipe 201 to reduce noise. When the gas in the gas transmission channel 201 comes into contact with the sound-absorbing layer 202, it can effectively reduce the noise during gas transmission. For example, the sound-absorbing layer 202 includes sound-absorbing cotton.

[0111] For example, the exhaust muffler 20 also includes a muffler perforated plate 203 located on the inner wall of the muffler layer 202. The muffler perforated plate 203 has holes so that the gas in the gas transmission pipe 201 can come into contact with the muffler layer 202 to achieve the muffler effect.

[0112] Figure 5B A schematic diagram of the structure of the sound-absorbing perforated plate 203 is shown. For example, the sound-absorbing perforated plate 203 is tubular. Figure 5B A partial schematic diagram of the sound-absorbing perforated plate 203 is shown.

[0113] For example, the silencing plate 203 is provided with a plurality of silencing holes 203a arranged in an array. This allows for sufficient contact between the gas and the silencing plate, and also improves the silencing effect through collisions between the gas and the hole walls of the silencing plate 203. For example, the radius of the silencing hole 203a is 2-8 mm. This embodiment does not limit the planar shape of the silencing hole; for example, the planar shape of the silencing hole can also be oblong, elliptical, square, rhomboid, etc.

[0114] For example, such as Figure 5A As shown, the air inlet 201a of the exhaust muffler 20 has a concave structure, the inner diameter of which gradually decreases along the air intake direction. When the exhaust gas enters the gas transmission pipe 201, the space contracts, causing a rapid change in the gas flow direction and improving the muffler effect.

[0115] For example, such as Figure 5A As shown, the exhaust muffler 20 also includes a heat insulation layer 204 located between the inner wall of the exhaust muffler 20 and the sound-absorbing layer 202 to prevent the exhaust muffler housing from getting too hot. For example, the exhaust gas temperature of a turbocharged engine can reach as high as 600°C, requiring heat insulation design.

[0116] For example, the exhaust muffler 20 also includes a drain outlet 205 located at the bottom. For example, when water enters the exhaust muffler 20, the water can also be discharged through the muffler plate 203, and finally the water is discharged from the drain outlet 205.

[0117] Figure 5A The exhaust muffler 20 shown not only reduces noise but also maintains the unobstructed flow of the gas transmission pipe, thereby reducing exhaust resistance and improving exhaust efficiency.

[0118] Figure 5C This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an exhaust muffler provided for other embodiments of this disclosure. For example... Figure 5C As shown, with Figure 5AThe difference in the illustrated embodiment is that the exhaust muffler 20 includes a sound-absorbing layer 206, which increases the resistance of the exhaust to achieve the function of noise reduction. For example, the sound-absorbing layer 206 includes a heat-resistant material that has a noise absorption function; for example, the heat-resistant material is sound-absorbing cotton. For example, the sound-absorbing layer 206 is disposed in a branch of the gas transmission pipe 201 near the outlet 201b, and the exhaust gas entering the pipe reaches the outlet 201b through the sound-absorbing layer 206.

[0119] For example, in some examples, the outlet of the outlet portion 192 of the air outlet assembly 19 can be set to face the outer surface of the exhaust muffler 20, so that the gas discharged from the air outlet assembly 19 can cool the surface of the exhaust muffler, thereby achieving effective utilization of the discharged gas.

[0120] like Figure 1 As shown, the fracturing equipment 5 also includes a fracturing pump device 2, which includes a fracturing pump 21, such as a plunger pump; the fracturing equipment 5 also includes a transmission mechanism 3, such as a coupling. For example, the coupling can be a flexible coupling, a drive shaft, a clutch, or other structural forms.

[0121] The fracturing pump unit 2 is connected to the power unit 1 via the transmission mechanism 3. The power unit 1 is configured to drive the fracturing pump 21 to perform fracturing operations. The turbine engine 12, the transmission mechanism 3, and the fracturing pump 21 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the turbine engine, for example, coaxially, thereby improving transmission efficiency.

[0122] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a fracturing apparatus provided in at least one embodiment of this disclosure. (See diagram below.) Figure 6 As shown, the turbine engine, reduction gear, transmission mechanism, and fracturing pump are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the turbine engine, for example, coaxially, thereby improving transmission efficiency.

[0123] For example, the fracturing equipment may also include a braking mechanism disposed between the turbine engine and the fracturing pump, thereby achieving power cut-off between the fracturing pump and the turbine engine. For example, when the turbine engine starts, if the speed is not high enough, the braking mechanism can be activated to prevent the fracturing pump from being driven and affecting the fracturing effect. For example, the braking mechanism may include brake pads, brake calipers, etc.

[0124] like Figure 6 As shown, the braking mechanism can be located in any one or more of the following three positions: between the turbine engine and the reduction mechanism (position A), between the reduction mechanism and the transmission mechanism (position B), and between the transmission structure and the fracturing pump (position C), ultimately achieving the disconnection between power input and output. For example, as... Figure 1As shown, the braking mechanism 21 can be located between the reduction mechanism 16 and the transmission structure 3 or integrated into the reduction mechanism 16, making the overall structure more compact.

[0125] like Figure 1 As shown, the fracturing pump unit 2 also includes a third lubrication system 22 for lubricating the fracturing pump 21. The third lubrication system 22 includes an electric motor 221 located on the side of the transmission mechanism 3 away from the air intake device 13. The third lubrication system 22 also includes a lubricating oil tank 222.

[0126] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the third lubrication system 22 is located below the transmission mechanism 3 to save space.

[0127] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fracturing pump assembly 2 also includes a lubricating oil cooling device 23 for dissipating heat from the third lubrication system 22. The lubricating oil cooling device 23 is located above the fracturing pump 21, that is, on the side of the fracturing pump 21 away from its base. For example, the lubricating oil cooling device 23 includes a motor 231 and a radiator 232.

[0128] The lubricating oil system 23 and the fracturing pump 21 are arranged longitudinally, which makes the structure more compact.

[0129] For example, the fracturing pump device 2 also includes a fracturing pump base 24 located below the fracturing pump 21 (i.e., on the side away from the air intake device 13), which is used to elevate the fracturing pump 21 so that the fracturing pump 21 and the turbine engine 12 are aligned in a straight line along the axial direction of the turbine engine 12, thereby improving transmission efficiency.

[0130] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the fracturing equipment 5 also includes a bottom skid 6, on which the power unit 1 and the pump unit 2 are mounted for fixation.

[0131] exist Figure 1 In the example shown, the fracturing device 5 is a skid-mounted device. However, this disclosure does not limit this. In other examples, the fracturing device 5 may also be a vehicle-mounted device or a semi-trailer-mounted device.

[0132] Figure 7A Schematic diagrams of fracturing equipment provided for other embodiments of this disclosure. For example... Figure 7AAs shown, the power unit 1 also includes a power skid 51, on which the silencing chamber 11 is mounted for fixation; the pump unit 2 also includes a pump skid 52, which has a bearing surface 523, on which the fracturing pump 21 is mounted for fixation. The power skid 51 and pump skid 52 are respectively provided with control circuits for the power unit 1 and the pump unit 2, as well as circuit wiring.

[0133] The embodiments disclosed herein do not limit the form of the power skid and pump skid. For example, the power skid / pump skid may include only a bottom structure, or it may include a bottom structure and an upwardly extending cage structure for further securing devices mounted on the bottom structure.

[0134] For example, the power skid 51 and the pump skid 52 can be detachably connected to facilitate transportation. This disclosure does not limit the connection method between the power skid 51 and the pump skid 52; for example, they can be connected by snap-fit, connecting plates, etc.

[0135] For example, the power skid 51 and the pump skid 52 can be connected by lugs, one of which has a single lug and the other has a double lug, and the two are connected by a pin.

[0136] Figure 7B A perspective view of the connection between the power skid and the pump skid is shown. Figure 7C A top view of the connection is shown. Figure 7B As shown, the power skid 51 has a single lug 510, and the pump skid 52 has a double lug 520. The single lug 510 is inserted into the double lug 520, and the pin holes of the two are aligned. The pin shaft 530 is inserted into the pin hole to connect the power skid and the pump skid.

[0137] For example, the fracturing equipment 5 may also include an integral skid 53, on which the power skid 51 and the pump skid 52 are respectively mounted for fixation. For example, the power skid 51 and the pump skid 52 are detachably connected to the integral skid 53 to facilitate transportation.

[0138] Figures 8A-8B This is a schematic diagram of a fracturing apparatus provided for further embodiments of this disclosure. Figure 7A The illustrated embodiment differs in that the power skid 51 includes a flip-over mechanism 54, which is used to flip to a horizontal position to house the pump skid 52. For example, the pump skid 52 is detachably connected to the flip-over mechanism 54. When transporting the fracturing equipment, the pump skid 52 can be detached and the flip-over mechanism 54 can be retrieved. Upon arrival at the work site, the flip-over mechanism 54 is flipped horizontally, and the pump skid 52 is mounted on the flip-over mechanism 54. Figure 8A and Figure 8BSchematic diagrams are shown of the retractable mechanism of the fracturing equipment in both the retracted and operational states. For example, the silencing chamber and turbine engine can be integrated into the power skid 51, and the fracturing pump can be integrated into the pump skid. For example, the retractable mechanism 54 can also elevate the pump skid 52, thereby aligning the fracturing pump and the turbine engine in a straight line along the turbine engine's axial direction to improve transmission efficiency.

[0139] In at least one example, the turbine engine in the fracturing equipment is fuel-driven (e.g., natural gas), while other auxiliary power systems (e.g., various lubrication systems, cooling systems, cleaning devices, starting devices, braking mechanisms, deceleration mechanisms, heat dissipation devices, and power to the gas circuit system) are all electrically driven. This allows for high driving efficiency while also being compact, small in size, and environmentally friendly, and can reduce the power supply pressure at the fracturing operation site.

[0140] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this disclosure, but the scope of protection of this disclosure is not limited thereto. The scope of protection of this disclosure should be determined by the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A fracturing device, comprising a power unit, wherein, The power unit includes a silencing chamber, a turbine engine, an air intake device, an air intake assembly, an air outlet assembly, and an exhaust muffler; The air intake device is connected to the turbine engine via an air intake pipe and is configured to provide combustion-supporting gas to the turbine engine; The air intake device is located at the top of the anechoic chamber, and the anechoic chamber has an accommodating space, within which the turbine engine is located; The air intake assembly is located on one side of the silencing chamber along the axial direction of the turbine engine and is connected to the accommodating space. The air outlet assembly is located on the other side of the anechoic chamber of the turbine engine along the axial direction and is disposed opposite to the air inlet assembly. The air outlet assembly is connected to the accommodating space. The air outlet assembly includes an air outlet duct and a discharge section connected to the air outlet duct. The air outlet duct is horizontally arranged, and the discharge section is used to change the orientation of the air outlet of the air outlet assembly. The air outlet faces upward, to the side, or diagonally downward. The outlet section is rotatably connected to the air outlet duct, thereby changing the orientation of the air outlet by rotating the outlet section; The outlet section includes an air outlet section configured to discharge gas flowing into the outlet section from the air outlet pipe. The air outlet section includes a rotating shaft and blades disposed on the rotating shaft. The blades are rotatable around the rotating shaft. By rotating the blades, the air outlet section can be closed during transportation and opened during fracturing operations. The exhaust muffler is connected to the turbine engine via an exhaust pipe to discharge the exhaust gas from the turbine engine. The air outlet of the exhaust assembly is configured to face the outer surface of the exhaust muffler. The air inlet of the exhaust muffler has an inwardly tapered structure with an inner diameter that gradually decreases along the air intake direction.

2. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 1, wherein, The outlet section is elbow-shaped.

3. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 2, wherein, The outlet section has a conical cross-section.

4. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 3, wherein, The angles of the cone are 40°-60°.

5. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 1, wherein, The outlet section includes a shielding section configured to shield the air outlet of the air outlet duct.

6. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 5, wherein, The orthographic projection of the shielding part on the plane where the air outlet of the air outlet is located overlaps at least partially with the air outlet, and the overlapping area is greater than 30% of the area of ​​the air outlet.

7. The fracturing equipment according to claim 1, wherein, The rotating shaft and the blades are located at the air outlet of the air outlet section, so that the air outlet section can be opened and closed by rotating the blades.

8. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 1, wherein, The inner wall of the anechoic chamber is equipped with a sound-absorbing device.

9. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 8, wherein, The noise reduction device includes noise reduction cotton or noise reduction plate.

10. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 1, wherein, The air intake device includes an air intake filter and an air intake muffler. One end of the air intake muffler is connected to the air intake filter, and the other end of the air intake muffler is connected to the air intake pipe.

11. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 1, wherein, The air intake device includes multiple air intake compartments arranged side by side along the axial direction of the turbine engine.

12. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 1, wherein, The air intake device extends beyond the anechoic chamber in the axial direction of the turbine engine.

13. The fracturing equipment according to any one of claims 1-12, further comprising: Fracturing pump unit, including fracturing pump; and Transmission mechanism The fracturing pump device is connected to the power device through the transmission mechanism, and the power device is configured to drive the fracturing pump. The turbine engine, the transmission mechanism, and the fracturing pump are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the turbine engine.

14. The fracturing equipment according to claim 13, wherein, The power unit also includes a power skid, and the silencing chamber is mounted on the power skid; The fracturing pump assembly also includes a pump skid, which has a bearing surface, and the fracturing pump is mounted on the bearing surface of the pump skid.

15. The fracturing equipment according to claim 14, wherein, The power skid and the pump skid are detachably connected.

16. The fracturing equipment according to claim 14, further comprising an integral skid, in, The power skid and the pump skid are detachably connected to the overall skid.

17. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 14, wherein, The power skid includes a flip-over mechanism for flipping to a horizontal position to place the pump skid.

18. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 14, wherein, The fracturing pump unit also includes a lubricating oil cooling device, which is located on the side of the fracturing pump away from the bearing surface of the pump skid.

19. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 13, wherein, The fracturing pump unit also includes a third lubrication system. The third lubrication system includes a third lubricating oil tank and a third drive mechanism, the third drive mechanism including a first electric motor. The third lubrication system is located on the side of the transmission mechanism away from the air intake device.

20. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 13, wherein, The fracturing pump assembly also includes a fracturing pump base located below the fracturing pump, the fracturing pump base aligning the fracturing pump and the turbine engine in a straight line along the axial direction of the turbine engine.

21. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 19, wherein, The third lubrication system is located below the transmission mechanism.

22. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 18, wherein, The lubricating oil cooling device includes a second electric motor and a radiator, and is arranged longitudinally with the fracturing pump.

23. The fracturing equipment of claim 13, further comprising a skid, wherein the power unit and the fracturing pump unit are mounted on the skid.

24. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 1, wherein, The fracturing equipment is a vehicle-mounted or semi-trailer-mounted device.

25. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 14, wherein, The power skid and the pump skid include a bottom structure.

26. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 14, wherein, The power skid and the pump skid include a bottom structure and an upwardly extending cage structure for securing devices mounted on the bottom structure.

27. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 14, wherein, The power skid and the pump skid are connected by snap-fit ​​or by a connecting plate.

28. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 14, wherein, One of the power skid and the pump skid has a single lug, and the other of the power skid and the pump skid has a double lug, and the single lug and the double lug are connected by a pin.

29. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 14, wherein, The power skid integrates the silencing chamber and the turbine engine, while the pump skid integrates the fracturing pump.

30. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 17, wherein, The pump skid and the flip-over mechanism are detachably connected.

31. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 17, wherein, The reversible mechanism allows the fracturing pump and the turbine engine to be aligned in a straight line along the axial direction of the turbine engine.

32. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 1, 11, 20, or 31, wherein, The axial direction of the turbine engine is the extension direction of the drive shaft or output shaft of the turbine engine.

33. The fracturing equipment according to any one of claims 1-12 and 14-31, wherein, The turbine engine is fuel-powered, and the other equipment in the fracturing equipment is electrically powered.

34. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 13, wherein, The fracturing pump is a plunger pump.

35. The fracturing equipment as described in claim 13, wherein, The transmission mechanism includes a coupling, which is a flexible coupling, a drive shaft, or a clutch.

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