A three-arm helical antenna

Abstract

The present application discloses a three-arm helical antenna, which relates to the field of antenna technology. The helical antenna comprises: a first main radiating arm, a second main radiating arm, a third main radiating arm and a printed circuit board, wherein the printed circuit board is used to divide a first input signal into three output signals; and the three output signals are respectively sent through the first main radiating arm, the second main radiating arm and the third main radiating arm. Since the three-arm helical antenna comprises three main radiating arms, compared with the currently widely used four-arm helical antenna, the three-arm helical antenna of the same size has the characteristics of miniaturization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a three-arm helical antenna. Background Art

[0002] In the fields of satellite navigation, guided weapons, inter-satellite link communications and mobile communications, in order to ensure smooth communication when the communication object is moving at high speed, the antenna needs to have the characteristics of circular polarization, wide beam and wide axial ratio. The four-arm helical antenna, as a circularly polarized antenna with wide beam and wide axial ratio in the elevation plane, is widely used in the above fields. At present, most of the improvements to the helical antenna are based on the four-arm helical antenna, which realizes the wide beam and miniaturization of the helical antenna by changing the shape of the dielectric column, adding parasitic arms, zigzag lines, etc.

[0003] With the popularity of mobile satellite wireless communication services in people's lives, handheld terminals also need to be equipped with satellite communication antennas. Due to the limited size of handheld terminals, a miniaturized antenna is required to be equipped in the handheld terminal. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides a three-arm helical antenna, which has the characteristics of miniaturization and can be equipped in a handheld terminal.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a three-arm helical antenna, comprising: a first main radiating arm, a second main radiating arm, a third main radiating arm and a printed circuit board, wherein the printed circuit board is used to divide a first input signal into three output signals; and send the three output signals through the first main radiating arm, the second main radiating arm, and the third main radiating arm respectively.

[0006] In the above technical solution, since the three-arm helical antenna includes three main radiating arms, compared with the currently widely used four-arm helical antenna, the three-arm helical antenna of the same size has the characteristic of miniaturization. The three-arm helical antenna includes a first main radiating arm, a second main radiating arm, and a third main radiating arm, and the three main radiating arms work in the signal transmission frequency band and are used to transmit output signals.

[0007] In one possible design, the three-arm helical antenna also includes: a first parasitic radiating arm, a second parasitic radiating arm, and a third parasitic radiating arm corresponding to the first main radiating arm, the second main radiating arm, and the third main radiating arm, respectively; the printed circuit board is also used to receive a second input signal, a third input signal, and a fourth input signal through the first parasitic radiating arm, the second parasitic radiating arm, and the third parasitic radiating arm, respectively; and combine the second input signal, the third input signal, and the fourth input signal into a fifth output signal.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the three-arm helical antenna also includes a first parasitic radiating arm, a second parasitic radiating arm, and a third parasitic radiating arm capable of receiving input signals. The three parasitic radiating arms operate in a signal receiving frequency band for receiving input signals. Combined with the three main radiating arms operating in a signal transmitting frequency band, the three-arm helical antenna has a dual-frequency radiation pattern.

[0009] In one possible design, the first main radiating arm is connected to the printed circuit board through a first soldering pad; the second main radiating arm is connected to the printed circuit board through a second soldering pad; the third main radiating arm is connected to the printed circuit board through a third soldering pad; the printed circuit board is a circular structure, and the first soldering pad, the second soldering pad and the third soldering pad are evenly distributed on the edge of the printed circuit board.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the three main radiating arms are connected to the printed circuit board through three pads respectively, wherein the three pads are evenly distributed on the edge of the printed circuit board, so that the three-arm helical antenna can evenly send out the output signal or evenly receive the input signal.

[0011] In a possible design, the printed circuit board includes a power divider, which is used to divide the first input signal into a first output signal and a second output signal, wherein the power of the second output signal is twice the power of the first output signal.

[0012] In the above technical solution, the first input signal is divided into two output signals with different powers by a power divider, thereby achieving the effect of unequal division of radio frequency power.

[0013] In one possible design, the first main radiating arm is used to send a first output signal.

[0014] In the above technical solution, the signal transmission function of the three-arm helical antenna is realized by sending the first output signal through the first main radiating arm operating in the signal transmission frequency band.

[0015] In one possible design, the printed circuit board includes a bottom layer, and the bottom layer includes a power divider.

[0016] In one possible design, the printed circuit board includes a first microstrip line phase shifter, a power division phase shifter and a second microstrip line phase shifter; the first microstrip line phase shifter is used to move the phase of the second output signal by 120° along a preset direction; the power division phase shifter is used to divide the second output signal after the phase shift into a third output signal and a fourth output signal, wherein the power of the third output signal and the fourth output signal are the same; the power division phase shifter is also used to move the phase of the fourth output signal by 90° along a preset direction; the second microstrip line phase shifter is used to move the fourth output signal after the phase shift by 30° along a preset direction.

[0017] In the above technical solution, the second output signal is phase-shifted by the first microstrip line phase shifter, and then the second output signal is divided into a third output signal and a fourth output signal with the same power by the power division phase shifter, and then the fourth output signal is phase-shifted by the power division phase shifter and the second microstrip line phase shifter, respectively, so that the phase difference between the first output signal and the third output signal, the third output signal and the fourth output signal, and the fourth output signal and the first output signal are all 120°, and the power of the first output signal, the third output signal and the fourth output signal are the same.

[0018] In a possible design, the printed circuit board further includes a top layer, and the top layer includes a first microstrip line phase shifter, a power division phase shifter, and a second microstrip line phase shifter.

[0019] In a possible design, the first microstrip line phase shifter is a λ / 3 microstrip line phase shifter, and the second microstrip line phase shifter is a λ / 12 microstrip line phase shifter.

[0020] In the above technical solution, the λ / 3 microstrip line phase shifter can shift the phase of the second output signal by 120° along a preset direction, and the λ / 12 microstrip line phase shifter can shift the phase of the second output signal by 30° along a preset direction.

[0021] In one possible design, the second main radiation arm is used to send the third output signal; and the third main radiation arm is used to send the fourth output signal.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the second output signal is sent by the second main radiating arm working in the signal transmission frequency band, and the third output signal is sent by the third main radiating arm working in the signal transmission frequency band, thereby realizing the signal sending function of the three-arm helical antenna. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A suitable system architecture diagram provided for an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a three-arm helical antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a three-arm helical antenna deployed in a plane according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of a printed circuit board provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the principle of an unequal two-way power divider provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a feeding network principle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 7 The standing wave ratio diagrams of different helical antennas provided in the embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 8 Axial ratio diagrams of different helical antennas provided in embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Fig. 9 Gain diagrams of different helical antennas provided in embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the planar expansion of different helical antennas provided in the embodiments of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] Figure 1 An example of an applicable system architecture diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown as follows: Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a satellite 101 , a handheld terminal 102 , and a communication antenna 103 , wherein the communication antenna 103 is disposed on the handheld terminal 102 .

[0036] Specifically, the handheld terminal 102 sends the first signal to the satellite 101 through the communication antenna 103. After the satellite 101 receives the first signal from the handheld terminal 102, according to the content of the first signal, the satellite 101 transmits a second signal corresponding to the first signal, and the handheld terminal 102 receives the second signal from the satellite 101 through the communication antenna 103. It should be understood that the communication antenna 103 can be set inside the handheld terminal 102 or outside the handheld terminal 102, and this embodiment of the application is not limited to this.

[0037] based on Figure 1 The system architecture diagram shown is as follows: Figure 2The structural diagram of a three-arm helical antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application is exemplarily shown.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the three-arm helical antenna includes specific steps including: a first main radiation arm 201, a second main radiation arm 202, a third main radiation arm 203 and a printed circuit board 204, wherein the printed circuit board 204 is used to divide the first input signal into three output signals, and send the three output signals through the first main radiation arm 201, the second main radiation arm 202, and the third main radiation arm 203 respectively.

[0039] Optional, such as Figure 3 As shown, the three-arm helical antenna further includes: a first parasitic radiating arm 301, a second parasitic radiating arm 302, and a third parasitic radiating arm 303 respectively corresponding to the first main radiating arm 201, the second main radiating arm 202, and the third main radiating arm 203. The printed circuit board 204 is also used to receive a second input signal, a third input signal, and a fourth input signal through the first parasitic radiating arm 301, the second parasitic radiating arm 302, and the third parasitic radiating arm 303 respectively; and combine the received second input signal, the third input signal, and the fourth input signal into a fifth output signal.

[0040] Optional, such as Figure 4 As shown, the printed circuit board 204 is a circular structure, and the printed circuit board 204 includes a top layer and a bottom layer. Figure 4 (a) is the top layer, Figure 4 (b) is the bottom layer. First, Figure 4 As shown in (b), the bottom layer includes a power divider 407, that is, Figure 4 The shaded portion in (b) is a power divider 407, which includes port m, port n, port f, and port g, wherein port m is connected to the outer conductor of the coaxial line for transmitting signals, and the outer conductor of the coaxial line is used for grounding; port n is connected to the inner conductor of the coaxial line for transmitting signals, and the inner conductor of the coaxial line is used to receive the first output signal from the handheld terminal 102, and then transmit the first output signal to the power divider 407. In addition to the top layer and the bottom layer, the printed circuit board 204 also includes two ground layers, wherein the two ground layers are arranged between the top layer and the bottom layer.

[0041] Optionally, the power divider 407 is specifically an unequal two-way power divider, which is used to divide the first input signal into a first output signal and a second output signal, wherein the power of the second output signal is twice the power of the first output signal. For example, the power of the first input signal is 3W, and the power divider 407 divides the first input signal with a power of 3W into a first output signal with a power of 1W and a second output signal with a power of 2W. Exemplarily, the power divider 407 is an unequal two-way Wilkinson power divider.

[0042] To facilitate understanding of the power divider, Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the principle of an unequal two-way power divider provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown as an example. Figure 5 As shown, the working principle of the unequal two-way power divider is as follows:

[0043] a. The power ratio of output port 2 and output port 3 is K 2 , that is, P2=K 2 P3. In the present embodiment, K 2 =1 / 2;

[0044] b. The voltages of the output ports are equal. When power is input from port 1, only when U2=U3 can there be no voltage drop on the isolation resistor R. Due to the existence of the isolation resistor R, the three ports can achieve impedance matching at the same time, and output port 2 and output port 3 are isolated from each other. To meet the requirement of no voltage drop on the isolation resistor R, the isolation resistor R is:

[0045]

[0046] In the embodiment of the present application, Z0=50Ω or Z0=75Ω.

[0047] c. In order to make output port 2 and output port 3 matching ends, a λ / 4 microstrip line must first be passed from port 1 to output port 2 and output port 3 to obtain the characteristic impedance Z 02 , Z 03 They are:

[0048]

[0049]

[0050] d. In order to make the impedance of output port 2 and output port 3 both Z0, it is necessary to add a section of λ / 4 microstrip line before output port 2 and output port 3 respectively to obtain the characteristic impedance Z 04 , Z 05 They are:

[0051]

[0052]

[0053] like Figure 4As shown in (a), the top layer includes a first solder pad 401, a second solder pad 402 and a third solder pad 403, and the first solder pad 401, the second solder pad 402 and the third solder pad 403 are evenly distributed on the edge of the top layer in the printed circuit board 204, the first main radiation arm 201 is connected to the printed circuit board 204 through the first solder pad 401, the second main radiation arm 202 is connected to the printed circuit board 204 through the second solder pad 402, and the third main radiation arm 203 is connected to the printed circuit board 204 through the third solder pad 403.

[0054] The top layer also includes a first microstrip line phase shifter 404, a power division phase shifter 405 and a second microstrip line phase shifter 406, wherein the first microstrip line phase shifter 404 is used to move the phase of the second output signal by 120° along a preset direction, and the power division phase shifter 405 is used to divide the second output signal after the phase shift into a third output signal and a fourth output signal, wherein the power of the third output signal and the fourth output signal are the same, and the power division phase shifter 405 is also used to move the phase of the fourth output signal by 90° along a preset direction, and the second microstrip line phase shifter 406 is used to move the fourth output signal after the phase shift by 30° along a preset direction.

[0055] The top layer also includes a section of microstrip line connected to the first pad 401, one end of the microstrip line is connected to the first pad 401, and the other end is port e, which is connected to port g of the power divider 407 in the top layer. The power divider phase shifter 405 includes port a, port b, and port c, wherein port b is connected to the second pad 402 through a section of microstrip line. One end of the first microstrip line phase shifter 404 is connected to port a in the power divider phase shifter 405, and the other end of the first microstrip line phase shifter 404 is port d, which is connected to port f of the power divider 407 in the top layer. One end of the second microstrip line phase shifter 406 is connected to port c in the power divider phase shifter 405, and the other end of the second microstrip line phase shifter 406 is connected to the third pad 403. Among them, the phase difference between port a and port b, and between port d and port e can be simulated by three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software (high frequency structural simulation, HFSS), and the distance between the microstrip line connected to the first pad 401 and the microstrip line connecting port b and the second pad 402 can be obtained by actual measurement.

[0056] Optionally, the first main radiation arm 201 is used to send a first output signal. Specifically, the first output signal is connected to the first pad 401 through the port g of the power divider 407 and the other end port e of the microstrip line phase shifter connected to the first pad 401, and then the first output signal is sent through the first main radiation arm 201 connected to the first pad 401.

[0057] Optionally, the second main radiating arm 202 is used to send a third output signal, and the third main radiating arm 203 is used to send a fourth output signal. For example, the power division phase shifter 405 divides the second output signal after phase shift into a third output signal and a fourth output signal, connects the third output signal to the second pad 402, and then sends the second output signal through the second main radiating arm 202 connected to the second pad 402, and then phase-shifts the fourth transmission signal along a preset direction through the power division phase shifter 405 and the second microstrip line phase shifter 406, respectively, and connects to the third pad 403, and then sends the fourth output signal through the third main radiating arm 203 connected to the third pad 403.

[0058] Optionally, the first microstrip line phase shifter 404 is a λ / 3 microstrip line phase shifter, and the second microstrip line phase shifter 406 is a λ / 12 microstrip line phase shifter. The λ / 3 microstrip line phase shifter can shift the phase of the signal by 120° along a preset direction, and the λ / 12 microstrip line phase shifter can shift the phase of the signal by 30° along a preset direction, where λ is the wavelength of the signal to be transmitted.

[0059] Optionally, the power division phase shifter 405 is a 3dB power division phase shifter, which can divide the power of a signal into two signals with the same power, and can also shift the phase of the signal by 90° along a preset direction.

[0060] It should be understood that, according to the positions of the first microstrip line phase shifter 404, the power division phase shifter 405, and the second microstrip line phase shifter 406 in the printed circuit board, the preset direction can be clockwise or counterclockwise, that is, the phase of the signal moves in the clockwise direction, or the phase of the signal moves in the clockwise direction. If the phase of the signal moves in the clockwise direction, the three-arm helical antenna is in a right-hand circular polarization state; if the phase of the signal moves in the counterclockwise direction, the three-arm helical antenna is in a left-hand circular polarization state. In this regard, the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0061] based on Figure 4 The working principle of the first microstrip line phase shifter 404, the power divider phase shifter 405, the second microstrip line phase shifter 406 and the power divider 407, Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a feeding network principle provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown as an example.

[0062] like Figure 6 As shown, the power division phase shifting network includes a λ / 3 microstrip line phase shifter, a 3dB power division phase shifter and a λ / 12 microstrip line phase shifter.

[0063] In one example, after a first input signal with a power of 3W is input from the signal end, it is divided into a first output signal with a power of 1W and a second output signal with a power of 2W by an unequal two-way power divider. The first output signal with a power of 1W is connected to the first pad 401, and the phase is 0°. The second output signal with a power of 2W is first phase-shifted by 120° counterclockwise through a λ / 3 microstrip line phase shifter, and then divided into a third output signal and a fourth output signal with a power of 1W each through a 3dB power division phase shifter. If the fourth output signal with a power of 1W lags behind the third output signal with a power of 1W, the third output signal with a power of 1W is connected to the second pad 402, and the phase is -120°. The fourth output signal with a power of 1W is phase-shifted by 90° counterclockwise through a 3dB power division phase shifter, and then phase-shifted by 30° counterclockwise through a λ / 12 microstrip line phase shifter, and connected to the third pad 403, and the phase is -240°.

[0064] It should also be added that based on Figure 1 In the system architecture diagram shown, the handheld terminal 102 also includes a processor, and the communication antenna 103 is a three-arm helical antenna. The three-arm helical antenna adopts the design of a main radiating arm plus a parasitic radiating arm, thereby realizing that the three-arm helical antenna works in a dual-band radiation mode, wherein the dual-band transmission frequency band is 1.98-2.01 GHz and the receiving frequency band is 2.17-2.2 GHz. The first input signal is a signal sent by the handheld terminal 102 to the satellite 101. Specifically, the processor in the handheld terminal 102 inputs the first input signal into the three-arm helical antenna, and the three-arm helical antenna divides the first input signal into a first output signal, a third output signal, and a fourth output signal. Then, the three-arm helical antenna sends the first output signal, the third output signal, and the fourth output signal to the satellite 101 through the first main radiating arm 201, the second main radiating arm 202, and the third main radiating arm 203, respectively.

[0065] Correspondingly, the first parasitic radiation arm 301, the second parasitic radiation arm 302, and the third parasitic radiation arm 303 in the three-arm helical antenna are respectively used to receive the second input signal, the third input signal, and the fourth input signal from the satellite 101. The three-arm helical antenna combines the three received input signals into a fifth output signal, and outputs it to the processor of the handheld terminal 102, thereby enabling the handheld terminal 102 to obtain the signal from the satellite 101.

[0066] Optionally, the three-arm helical antenna can be used for communication in the S band of the antenna, or in the L band of the antenna, or in other frequency bands of the antenna, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. The printed circuit board can be a passive printed circuit board or an active printed circuit board, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0067] At present, the application of four-arm helical antennas in the market has become mature, but for the three-arm helical antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, the four-arm helical antenna and the three-arm helical antenna of the same size are simulated and verified by using HFSS (such as Figures 7 to 9 As shown), it can be obtained that compared with the four-arm helical antenna, the three-arm helical antenna of the same size has a lower standing wave ratio, a lower axial ratio and a higher gain.

[0068] like Figure 7 As shown in (a), the standing wave ratio of the four-arm helical antenna is ≤2.27. Figure 7 (b) The standing wave ratio of the three-arm helical antenna is ≤1.69. In this way, the standing wave ratio of the three-arm helical antenna is lower and the impedance performance is better.

[0069] like Figure 8 As shown in (a), when the quadrifilar helical antenna operates in the signal receiving frequency band of 2.2 GHz and the phase is 0°, the axial ratio is 0.0592 dBi, as shown in Figure 8 (b) When the three-arm helical antenna operates in the signal receiving frequency band of 2.2 GHz and the phase is 0°, the axial ratio is 0.0518 dBi. Thus, under the same conditions, the axial ratio of the three-arm helical antenna is lower than that of the four-arm helical antenna, that is, compared with the four-arm helical antenna, the circular polarization of the three-arm helical antenna is better.

[0070] like Fig. 9 As shown in (a), when the quadrifilar helical antenna operates in the signal receiving frequency band of 2.2 GHz and the phase is 0°, the gain is 2.37 dBi. Fig. 9 (b) When the three-arm helical antenna operates in the signal receiving frequency band of 2.2 GHz and the phase is 0°, the gain is 2.88 dBi. Thus, under the same conditions, the gain of the three-arm helical antenna is higher. Compared with the four-arm helical antenna, the three-arm helical antenna has a stronger ability to send and receive signals in a specific direction.

[0071] Therefore, compared with a four-arm helical antenna of the same size, a three-arm helical antenna has better impedance matching performance and has a gain that is no weaker than that of a four-arm helical antenna. In practical applications, the three-arm helical antenna is more conducive to production due to its good standing wave ratio and axial ratio, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0072] In addition, since the interval between the main radiating arm and the parasitic radiating arm of the three-arm helical antenna is larger than that between the main radiating arm and the parasitic radiating arm of the four-arm helical antenna of the same size, the mutual influence between the transmitting frequency band and the receiving frequency band of the three-arm helical antenna is reduced. Fig.10 As shown, Fig.10 (a) and Fig.10(b) are the planar unfolded views of the four-arm helical antenna and the three-arm helical antenna under the same size conditions. When the sizes of the four-arm helical antenna and the three-arm helical antenna are the same, the interval x2 between the main radiating arm and the parasitic radiating arm of the three-arm helical antenna is larger than the interval x1 between the main radiating arm and the parasitic radiating arm of the four-arm helical antenna.

[0073] Based on the large interval between the main radiating arm and the parasitic radiating arm of the three-arm helical antenna, combined with the idea of ​​​​the zigzag arm, the three-arm helical antenna has relatively more space to reduce the longitudinal size and diameter of the helical antenna, which is more conducive to the miniaturization of the three-arm helical antenna.

[0074] In order to facilitate the understanding of the present solution, a specific example is given below to introduce the above-mentioned three-arm helical antenna.

[0075] The processor in the handheld terminal inputs the first input signal with a power of 6W into the three-arm helical antenna, and the unequal two-way power divider in the stratum of the printed circuit board in the three-arm helical antenna divides the first input signal into a first output signal with a power of 2W and a second output signal with a power of 4W. The first output signal with a power of 2W is connected to the first pad with a phase of 0°. After that, the second output signal with a power of 4W is first phase-shifted by 120° counterclockwise through a λ / 3 microstrip line phase shifter, and then divided into a third output signal and a fourth output signal with a power of 2W each through a 3dB power division phase shifter. At this time, the fourth output signal with a power of 2W lags behind the third output signal with a power of 2W, so the third output signal with a power of 2W is connected to the second pad with a phase of -120°. The fourth output signal with a power of 2W is phase-shifted 90° counterclockwise through a 3dB power division phase shifter, and then phase-shifted 30° counterclockwise through a λ / 12 microstrip line phase shifter, and connected to the third pad, with a phase of -240°. Since the first main radiation arm, the second main radiation arm, and the third main radiation arm are connected to the first pad, the second pad, and the third pad, respectively. Therefore, the three-arm helical antenna sends the first output signal connected to the first pad, the third output signal connected to the second pad, and the fourth output signal connected to the third pad to satellite 101 through the first main radiation arm, the second main radiation arm, and the third main radiation arm.

[0076] Correspondingly, the three-arm helical antenna receives the second input signal, the third input signal and the fourth input signal from the satellite through the first parasitic radiation arm, the second parasitic radiation arm and the third parasitic radiation arm, and then combines the three received input signals into a fifth output signal, which is output to the processor of the handheld terminal, so that the handheld terminal obtains the signal from the satellite. The specific process is similar to the above process and will not be described in detail.

[0077] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A three-arm helical antenna, characterized in that: include: A first main radiation arm, a second main radiation arm, a third main radiation arm and a printed circuit board; The printed circuit board is used to divide the first input signal into three output signals; Sending the three output signals respectively through the first main radiation arm, the second main radiation arm, and the third main radiation arm; The printed circuit board includes a bottom layer, and the bottom layer includes a power divider; the power divider is used to divide the first input signal into a first output signal and a second output signal, wherein the power of the second output signal is twice the power of the first output signal; The printed circuit board includes a first microstrip line phase shifter, a power division phase shifter and a second microstrip line phase shifter; The first microstrip line phase shifter is used to shift the phase of the second output signal by 120° along a preset direction; The power division phase shifter is used to divide the second output signal after phase shift into a third output signal and a fourth output signal, wherein the power of the third output signal and the fourth output signal is the same; The power division phase shifter is further used to shift the phase of the fourth output signal by 90° along the preset direction; The second microstrip line phase shifter is used to shift the fourth output signal after phase shift by 30° along the preset direction; The printed circuit board further includes a top layer, and the top layer includes the first microstrip line phase shifter, the power division phase shifter and the second microstrip line phase shifter.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes: a first parasitic radiation arm, a second parasitic radiation arm, and a third parasitic radiation arm corresponding to the first main radiation arm, the second main radiation arm, and the third main radiation arm respectively; The printed circuit board is also used to receive a second input signal, a third input signal and a fourth input signal through the first parasitic radiation arm, the second parasitic radiation arm and the third parasitic radiation arm respectively; and combine the second input signal, the third input signal and the fourth input signal into a fifth output signal.

3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The first main radiation arm is connected to the printed circuit board via a first solder pad; The second main radiation arm is connected to the printed circuit board via a second solder pad; The third main radiation arm is connected to the printed circuit board via a third solder pad; The printed circuit board is a circular structure, and the first pad, the second pad and the third pad are evenly distributed on the edge of the printed circuit board.

4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The first main radiation arm is used to send the first output signal.

5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The first microstrip line phase shifter is a λ / 3 microstrip line phase shifter, and the second microstrip line phase shifter is a λ / 12 microstrip line phase shifter, wherein λ is the wavelength of the signal to be transmitted.

6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The second main radiation arm is used to send the third output signal; The third main radiation arm is used to send the fourth output signal.

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