Excavating teeth and excavating bucket having the same

Abstract

The excavation tooth of various embodiments of the present invention is an excavation tooth combined with a bucket, and the excavation tooth may include a coupling portion combined with the bucket and an excavation portion for performing excavation operations, the excavation portion including a horizontal portion extending in the front-to-rear direction and formed in the center of the lower portion, and at least one step groove formed from the horizontal portion toward the side portion, the step groove being formed into a step shape by a first step surface adjacent to the horizontal portion and a second step surface forming a predetermined angle with the first step surface and adjacent to the side portion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an excavation tooth and an excavation bucket having the excavation tooth, and more particularly to an excavation tooth mounted on a construction machine for use and an excavation bucket having the excavation tooth. Background Art

[0002] Generally, an excavator, which is a type of construction machinery, is a civil engineering machine used to mine sand or rock. A boom is rotatably provided at the front of the excavator body by a hydraulic device, and a bucket that can temporarily mine and store sand or rock is rotatably provided at the front end of the boom. In addition, a plurality of teeth are integrally or separately provided at the front end of the bucket to improve the excavation performance. Summary of the invention

[0003] Technical issues

[0004] An object of the present invention is to provide an excavating tooth having improved wear resistance and an excavating bucket including the excavating tooth.

[0005] Technical Solution

[0006] The excavation tooth of various embodiments of the present invention is an excavation tooth combined with a bucket, and may include a coupling portion combined with the bucket and an excavation portion for performing excavation operations, the excavation portion may include a horizontal portion extending in the front-to-rear direction and formed in the center of the lower portion, and at least one step groove formed from the horizontal portion toward the side portion, the step groove being formed into a step shape by a first step surface adjacent to the horizontal portion and a second step surface forming a predetermined angle with the first step surface and adjacent to the side portion.

[0007] Preferably, an angle between the first step surface and the second step surface may be formed in a range of 135° to 145°, and an angle between the second step surface and the side surface may be formed in a range of 30° to 40°.

[0008] Preferably, the upper surface portion of the digging portion is formed to be recessed downward from the side surface portion toward the center.

[0009] Preferably, when viewed from the side of the excavation portion, an angle between a tangent of a first curve formed with a curvature corresponding to that of the upper portion and a tangent of a second curve formed with a curvature corresponding to that of the lower portion may be formed within a range of 10° to 25°.

[0010] Preferably, a cross section perpendicular to the front-rear direction of the digging part may be formed in a crescent shape open upward.

[0011] Preferably, at least a portion of an upper end portion or a lower end portion of the crescent shape may be formed as a straight line portion.

[0012] An excavation bucket according to various embodiments of the present invention is an excavation bucket having teeth coupled to a front end portion, the teeth may include a coupling portion coupled to the bucket and an excavation portion for performing excavation operations, the excavation portion may include a horizontal portion extending in a front-to-rear direction and formed in the center of a lower portion, and at least one step groove formed on the left and right sides from the horizontal portion toward a side portion, the step groove being formed in a stepped shape by a first step surface adjacent to the horizontal portion and a second step surface formed at a predetermined angle to the first step surface and adjacent to the side portion.

[0013] Preferably, an angle between the first step surface and the second step surface may be formed in a range of 135° to 145°, and an angle between the second step surface and the side surface may be formed in a range of 30° to 40°.

[0014] Effects of the Invention

[0015] The excavating teeth or excavating buckets equipped with the excavating teeth according to various embodiments of the present invention can minimize the increase in weight while improving the wear resistance during excavation work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing a general excavation bucket.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a figure which shows the excavation bucket which concerns on various Example of this invention.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a diagram showing a reinforcement member provided in an excavation bucket according to various embodiments of the present invention.

[0019] Figures 4 to 6 It specifically shows Figure 3 Figure 2 shows a diagram of the protruding and recessed portions of a reinforcing component.

[0020] Figure 7 It is shown that in order to export Figure 3 Figure 3 is a diagram of a test piece for a test performed according to the shape of a reinforcing member.

[0021] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing a discrete element method analysis model for the surface wear analysis of a bucket, which is simplified to a state in which a test piece passes between particles so that contact with particles occurs due to movement of the test piece.

[0022] Fig. 9 It shows the use of Figure 7 The test piece passed Figure 5Figure 2. Shear energy measurement results obtained using the discrete element method analysis model of B.

[0023] Fig.10 It shows Figure 7 A graph showing the results of deriving shear energy from surface wear analysis using the discrete element method for a portion of the test pieces.

[0024] Fig.11 The following is a diagram showing the results of wear analysis using a discrete element method on an excavation bucket to which the reinforcement member of the present invention is applied.

[0025] Fig.12 The following are photographs showing teeth of an excavation bucket according to various embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] Figures 13 to 15 The diagrams show teeth of an excavation bucket applied to various embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Fig.16 It is shown Fig.13 A diagram of the cross section taken along line AA'.

[0028] Fig.17 The following are diagrams showing the results of wear analysis using a discrete element method on teeth of excavation buckets according to various embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] Fig.18 It shows the use of Fig.17 Graph of the wear life calculated from the wear analysis results.

[0030] Fig.19 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a wear analysis model using a discrete element method for surface wear analysis of a tooth.

[0031] Fig. 20 It is shown that the Fig.19 The analytical model for testing the wear amount of the test piece shows a simplified tooth shape in a symmetrical and asymmetrical shape based on the direction of the penetration particles.

[0032] Fig.21 is shown in the figure by corresponding to Fig. 20 Figure 2 is a graph of the shear energy abrasion analysis results of the test piece morphology.

[0033] Fig. 22 It is shown in Fig. 20 A graph showing the results of wear analysis performed on a test piece having an asymmetric shape and a step groove formed on the test piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In the following, for the convenience of description, some embodiments of the present invention will be described through exemplary drawings. When recording the reference numerals for the constituent elements of each figure, the same constituent elements are marked with the same reference numerals as much as possible even if they are marked in different figures.

[0035] The terms or words used in this specification and claims should not be limited to the usual or dictionary meanings, but should be interpreted as the meanings and concepts that conform to the technical ideas of the present invention in accordance with the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concepts of terms in order to explain his invention in the best way. In addition, when describing the constituent elements of the embodiments of the present invention, the terms such as first, second, A, B, (a), (b) may be used. Such terms are only used to distinguish the constituent element from another constituent element, and the essence, order or sequence of the constituent element are not limited by the term. When it is recorded that a certain constituent element is "connected" or "combined" with another constituent element, it should be understood that the constituent element may be directly connected or combined with the other constituent element, but it is also possible that there is another constituent element "connected" or "combined" between the constituent element and the other constituent element.

[0036] Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the structures illustrated in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that at the time of this application, there may be various equivalents and modifications that can replace these embodiments. In addition, detailed descriptions of well-known functions and structures that may unnecessarily make the gist of the present invention unclear are omitted.

[0037] Hereinafter, an excavation bucket 100 according to various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0038] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a general excavation bucket 100. Figure 2 FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an excavating bucket 100 provided with a reinforcement member 200 for the bucket 100 according to various embodiments of the present invention. Figure 3 FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a reinforcement member 200 for a bucket 100 according to various embodiments of the present invention. Figures 4 to 6 It specifically shows Figure 3 FIG. 2 is a diagram of the protruding portion 220 and the recessed portion 230 of the reinforcing member 200 .

[0039] Reference Figure 1The excavation bucket 100 is mounted on the boom of the construction machinery, and may include: a bottom plate 110 formed by a curved surface, an upper plate 130 disposed on the upper side of the bottom plate 110 and having a bracket 131 (bracket) for connecting to the boom, and a pair of side plates 120 disposed on both sides of the bottom plate 110 and the upper plate 130 to form a space capable of accommodating the workpiece inside. In addition, a rib 140 for arranging a plurality of teeth 300 is disposed at the front lower end of the bottom plate 110, and the plurality of teeth 300 are disposed in front of the rib 140 in an integral manner or in a detachable manner through a connector 150.

[0040] Hereinafter, the direction in which the two side plates of the bucket 100 face each other may be described as a “width direction”, and, in the bottom, the direction in which the ribs 140 are arranged may be described as a “front”, and the opposite direction may be described as a “rear”.

[0041] The excavation bucket 100 is mounted on the boom of the construction machine via a bracket 131 formed on the upper plate 130 and serves to excavate the ground or collect or move sand, gravel, etc. Since the bucket 100 is in direct contact with the ground or working surface under various working environments during the excavation process, it will be worn over time and, depending on the working conditions of the construction machine, its life may be greatly shortened.

[0042] In particular, the outer side of the bottom plate 110 that is in direct contact with the working surface is the least wear-resistant, and the inner side that is in contact with the space of the bucket 100 is also easily worn by the work object. In addition, the teeth 300 provided to improve the excavation performance are also arranged at the front of the bucket 100, and are inevitably very weak to the wear caused by the work.

[0043] However, when an additional structure is provided on the bottom plate 110 or the teeth 300 to prevent wear, the overall weight of the bucket 100 increases, and thus there is a problem that the fuel efficiency and working efficiency of the construction machine are inevitably reduced.

[0044] In the present invention, a structure of a reinforcement member 200 and a tooth 300 for minimizing the weight increase of a bucket 100 and improving the wear resistance life is proposed.

[0045] In the present invention, natural bionic technology is used to reduce friction and wear by imitating natural functional surface structures. Specifically, a reinforcement part 200 of the bucket 100 is proposed that imitates the scales of a king cobra that can move freely in a sandy desert to minimize friction, and a tooth 300 for the bucket 100 is proposed that imitates the toenails of a mole that burrows into the ground to create a moving channel, which will be described in detail below.

[0046] First, refer to Figures 2 to 6The reinforcing component 200 for the bucket 100 according to various embodiments of the present invention is a wear-resistant reinforcing component 200 disposed on the outer side of the bottom plate 110 in order to improve the wear-resistant life of the bottom plate 110 of the bucket 100 , and may include a main body 210 , a protruding portion 220 and a recessed portion 230 .

[0047] The body 210 may be provided in a bar-shaped plate shape extending in the width direction of the bucket 100 with a predetermined thickness T and a width W1. The body 210 may be configured to cover a predetermined area of ​​an exposed surface of the inner side surface or the outer side surface of the bottom plate 110 in order to minimize wear of the bottom plate 110 of the bucket 100.

[0048] The width W1 of the main body 210 may refer to the distance from the front end to the rear end except for the protrusion 220 described later. In one embodiment, the width W1 of the main body 210 may be formed to be greater than 1.5 times and less than 4 times the thickness T. When the width W1 of the main body 210 is formed to be less than 1.5 times the thickness T, the contact area with the bottom plate 110 is reduced, and it is easy to be affected by the shear stress relative to the thickness T; when the width W1 of the main body 210 is formed to exceed 4 times the thickness T, the wear resistance effect relative to the manufacturing cost is reduced.

[0049] A protrusion 220 protruding to a predetermined height toward the rear may be formed at the rear end of the main body 210, that is, the end in the opposite direction of the rib 140. The protrusion 220 may be formed in a wedge shape, a semicircle, a quadrilateral, a trapezoid, or other polygonal shapes. Figures 4 to 6 In one embodiment, the width W2 of the wedge-shaped protrusion 220 may be formed to be greater than 1 times and less than 2 times the height H1 of the protrusion 220. When the width W2 of the wedge-shaped protrusion 220 is formed to be less than 1 times the height H1 of the protrusion 220, the effect of protecting the bottom plate 110 from the influence of friction is weakened; when the width W2 of the protrusion 220 is formed to be greater than 2 times the height H1 of the protrusion 220, the amount of wear of the reinforcing member 200 itself relative to the effect of protecting the bottom plate 110 increases.

[0050] The height H1 of the protrusion 220 may be formed to be greater than 0.3 times the width W1 of the main body 210 and less than the width W1 of the main body 210. When the height H1 of the protrusion 220 is formed to be less than 0.3 times the width W1 of the main body 210, the protrusion 220 will not have an anti-wear effect on the bottom plate 110; when the height H1 of the protrusion 220 exceeds the width W1 of the main body 210, the wear of the main body 210 itself will increase.

[0051] In the present invention, a plurality of protrusions 220 may be formed, and the plurality of protrusions 220 may be arranged at a predetermined interval along the rear end of the main body 210. In one embodiment, the interval L1 between the protrusions 220 may be formed to be greater than 2 times and less than 5 times the width W2 of the protrusion 220. When the interval L1 between the protrusions 220 is configured to be less than 2 times the width W2 of the protrusion 220, the manufacturing cost relative to the effect of improving the wear resistance of the reinforcing member 200 will be too high; when the interval L1 between the protrusions 220 is configured to exceed 5 times the width W2 of the protrusion 220, the effect of protecting the bottom plate 110 of the bucket 100 from the influence of wear is weakened, and the wear amount of the reinforcing member 200 itself increases.

[0052] A recessed portion 230 recessed to a predetermined height toward the rear may be formed at the front end of the main body 210, i.e., the end in the direction in which the ribs 140 are arranged. The recessed portion 230 may be formed in the same shape as the protruding portion 220. Although not limited, in order to reduce manufacturing costs when cutting a plate (e.g., a steel plate), it may be preferable to form the protruding portion 220 and the recessed portion 230 in the same shape.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 , a plurality of the above-mentioned reinforcing components 200 may be arranged at predetermined intervals in the front-to-rear direction. In one embodiment, the distance between each reinforcing component 200 may be configured to be 1 to 3 times the height of the above-mentioned protrusion 220. When the distance between each reinforcing component 200 is configured to be less than 1 times the height of the protrusion 220, the number of reinforcing components 200 applied is too large relative to the total area of ​​the bottom plate portion 110, thereby increasing the manufacturing cost relative to the wear-resistant effect; when the distance between each reinforcing component 200 is configured to exceed 3 times the height of the protrusion 220, the exposure of the bottom plate portion 110 exceeds the protection range of the reinforcing component 200, which may result in a reduction in the wear-resistant effect.

[0054] According to various embodiments of the present invention, the reinforcing member 200 may be as follows: Figure 2 As shown, it is arranged on the outer side surface of the bottom plate portion 110 , but it is not limited thereto, and it can be arranged on the inner side surface of the bottom plate portion 110 , or it can be arranged on both the inner side surface and the outer side surface.

[0055] According to various embodiments, the reinforcing member 200 can be welded to the bottom plate 110 , but the welding method is not limited. In one embodiment, the reinforcing member 200 can also be detachably connected to the bottom plate 110 by a supporting member formed on the inner side or outer side of the bottom plate 110 .

[0056] In the present invention, the reinforcing member 200 may be formed of a steel plate material having a Brinell hardness (HBW) falling within a range of 400 to 600. When the hardness of the reinforcing member 200 is less than 400, the wear resistance of the reinforcing member 200 itself is reduced, and thus it is difficult to perform the role of the reinforcing member 200 for the wear resistance of the bottom plate portion 110; when the hardness exceeds 600, the weldability when welding the bottom plate portion 110 is extremely low, thereby causing difficulties in the manufacturing process.

[0057] In one embodiment, when such a reinforcement member 200 is provided, the bottom plate 110 of the bucket 100 may be formed of a steel plate material having a Brinell hardness (HBW) falling within a range of 180 to 400.

[0058] In the present invention, by adopting natural bionic technology to imitate the shapes of various animals and plants, the following are derived: Figure 7 The shape of the reinforcing member 200 that can be applied is shown.

[0059] In order to confirm the effect of improving the wear resistance of the corresponding shapes, the shear energy acting on the surface of each test piece was measured and compared using the wear analysis method using the discrete element method (DEM). Shear energy is the value obtained by multiplying the shear force generated by the contact with the wear particles by the movement distance. It can be considered as a concept equivalent to the amount of wear. The level of wear resistance can be judged by comparing the sum of the shear energy applied to each test piece. Figure 5 In (A), the convex structure is used for the reinforcing member 200 for reinforcing the bottom plate portion 110 of the bucket 100 , and the concave structure is used for deriving the surface shape of the teeth 300 for the bucket 100 .

[0060] When performing wear analysis using the discrete element method, an analysis model is constructed in which the test piece passes between particles in a manner that makes contact with particles as if the excavation work is carried out by the movement of the test piece, such as Figure 8 shown.

[0061] The experimental conditions of the discrete element method tried in the present invention are shown in Table 1 below, and each test piece travels at a speed of 0.4 m / s in the X-axis direction relative to the particles.

[0062] [Table 1]

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Fig. 9 is to use Figure 7The shear energy measurement results of the specimens were obtained by the above discrete element method analysis model. Fig. 9 , it can be confirmed that the shear energy acting on the surface of the convex structure a7, in which the wedge-shaped protrusions 220 protruding in the direction opposite to the traveling direction of the test piece (X-axis direction) are arranged at a predetermined interval, is the smallest. It can be seen that this is significantly lower than the value of S, which is a flat plate structure. In addition, it can be confirmed that, as shown in b3, the surface of the structure that is recessed in the traveling direction of the test piece is a concave structure, and the shear energy applied is the smallest, and it also shows lower shear energy than S, which is a flat plate structure.

[0066] Fig.10 The results of deriving shear energy based on the surface wear analysis using the discrete element method for the above-mentioned a7, a8 and S test pieces are shown in FIG. When the wear level is compared in a manner that different colors are expressed according to the shear energy level applied to the test piece, in the case of the flat plate S, the total area becomes green and the wear occurs uniformly, and when a protruding reinforcement member like a7 and a8 is formed, it can be confirmed that the wear is observed only in the front part and the reinforcement member, and the wear is reduced as a whole.

[0067] Such a result is caused by the difference in the behavior of particles when the test piece moves between the particles, and is produced by the particles being trapped between the reinforcing components and the trapped particles interfering with the contact between the subsequent particles and the test piece. On the other hand, although not shown in the figure, in the present invention, the colors of the particles in each interval are made different according to the colors of the rainbow from red to purple, and an experiment is conducted to confirm the behavior of the particles caused by the penetration of the test piece. In addition, for the above-mentioned trapped particles, in the experiment of making the particles in each interval different and making the particles penetrate the test piece in the order from red to purple, a large number of red particles at the beginning are observed among the particles of various colors, and it is confirmed that the particles trapped at the beginning are maintained and not detached, thereby showing the above-mentioned effect well.

[0068] Compared to a8, which can be called a conventional method in which a reinforcing component is formed in a protruding shape on a flat plate, the reinforcing component used in the present invention is formed in a protruding shape on a flat plate, and a7 in which a wedge-shaped protrusion 220 is further formed on the reinforcing component shows a stronger protective effect of the particle flow of the aforementioned method, which can additionally obtain a wear reduction effect of more than 10%.

[0069] In order to compare the improvement effect of the wear resistance when the above-mentioned a7 and a8 forms are applied to the bucket, a wear analysis using the discrete element method was performed, and the results are shown in FIG. Fig.11 When Fig.11 The conventional forms and applications of the reinforcing member formed with a transverse protrusion in (a) are as follows Fig.11When compared with the result of the shape of the present invention in which the wedge-shaped protrusion 220 is formed in the reinforcing member as shown in (b), the result of reducing the wear amount per unit area by 27% was obtained. Fig.11 When the shape of the reinforcing member of the wedge-shaped protrusion of the present invention applied to the bucket is compared with the conventional form such as Fig.11 The shape of the reinforcing member forming the lateral protrusion shown in (a) uses about 35% less reinforcing members, so it can be said that its effect is greater.

[0070] exist Fig.11 In (b), a wedge-shaped protrusion 220 is formed on the reinforcing member, and a wedge-shaped recessed portion 230 is formed in the opposite direction, which is used to minimize the amount of iron plate used and to prevent the loss of iron plate when the iron plate raw material is cut to form the wedge-shaped protrusion 220. That is, the presence or absence of the recessed portion 230 may not have a significant impact on the improvement effect of the wear resistance of the present invention, but the opposite side of the cutting portion for forming the wedge-shaped protrusion 220 is the forming surface of the recessed portion 230 of the reinforcing member, so that the cost increase factor caused by the amount of iron plate used is minimized. It can be seen that even if the recessed portion 230 is formed below the predetermined size, as Figure 8 As shown in (b), there is no decrease in wear resistance.

[0071] As described above, the excavation bucket 100 according to various embodiments of the present invention includes a plurality of reinforcement members 200 arranged on the bottom plate 110 at intervals in the front-rear direction, thereby improving the wear resistance of the bucket 100 while minimizing the increase in weight, thereby having the effect of improving productivity.

[0072] Hereinafter, the teeth 300 provided at the front end portion in order to improve the wear life of the excavation bucket 100 according to various embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0073] Fig.12 1 is a photograph showing teeth 300 of an excavation bucket 100 applied to various embodiments of the present invention. Fig.13 FIG. 3 is a diagram showing teeth 300 of an excavation bucket 100 applied to various embodiments of the present invention. Fig.14 It is shown Fig.13 A diagram of the cross section taken along line AA'.

[0074] The teeth 300 of the excavation bucket 100 of the present invention may be as follows: Figure 2 The tooth 300 of the present invention can be detachably mounted on the rib 140 of the bucket 100 through the connector 150, but the present invention is not limited thereto and can be formed integrally. Figure 5The concave structure of the b3 improves wear resistance while improving digging performance by imitating the shape of a mole's toenail.

[0075] Hereinafter, for the tooth 300 of various embodiments of the present invention, the direction of engagement with the connector 150 may be described as "rearward", and the opposite direction may be described as "frontward". Figure 1 or Figure 2 In the state where the bucket 100 is placed as shown, the direction from the ground toward the bucket 100 is described as “upward”, and the opposite direction is described as “downward”.

[0076] Reference Figures 12 to 16 The tooth 300 proposed in the present invention may include a coupling portion 310 having a coupling hole 311 for coupling with the connector 150 and a coupling groove 312 for inserting at least a portion of the connector 150 formed on the side of the rear end portion, and an excavation portion 320 extending forward by a predetermined length from the coupling portion 310 to perform excavation operations.

[0077] The digging part 320 may include a lower part 330 formed with a step groove 340 described later, side parts 370 formed on both sides of the lower part 330, and an upper part 360 formed between the two side parts 370 opposite to the lower part 330. In addition, contact surfaces 381 and 382 may be formed on the front part 380 of the digging part 320.

[0078] According to various embodiments of the present invention, the distance between the two side portions 370 of the digging portion 320 may be formed to be narrowed toward the front. The lower portion 330 of the digging portion 320 may be formed by extending in the front-rear direction from a horizontal portion 335 formed horizontally at the center, and may be formed to be inclined upward toward the two side portions 370 based on the horizontal portion 335.

[0079] Reference Fig.13 The lower portion 330 of the excavation portion 320 may include a pair of first step grooves 341 formed on the left and right from the horizontal portion 335 toward the two side portions 370, and a pair of second step grooves 342 formed in front of the first step grooves 341 and formed on the left and right from the horizontal portion 335 toward the two side portions 370. For the convenience of manufacturing, the first step groove 341 and the second step groove 342 may be formed symmetrically, but are not limited thereto. Fig.10 As shown in (b), when viewed from above, each of the step grooves 341 and 342 may be formed in a stepped shape by a first step surface 351 adjacent to the horizontal portion 335 and a second step surface 352 adjacent to the side surface portion 370 .

[0080] In one embodiment, when viewed from below, the angle e1 between the first step surface 351 and the second step surface 352 may be formed to be greater than 135 degrees and less than 145 degrees. In addition, the angle e2 formed by the second step surface 352 and the side surface may be formed to be greater than 30 degrees and less than 40 degrees. Such a first step groove 341 and a second step groove 342 are used to smooth the flow of particles rubbing against the surface during excavation. If the angle e1 between the first step surface 351 and the second step surface 352 and the angle e2 between the second step surface 352 and the side surface are formed to exceed the above range, the wear resistance effect of the particle protection excavation part 320 by the flow of particles during excavation may be weakened.

[0081] However, since at least one pair of the step grooves 340 formed on the lower surface of the digging portion 320 is formed, it is apparent that a plurality of the step grooves 340 may be formed according to the length of the digging portion 320 .

[0082] On the other hand, referring to Fig.13 , when viewed from the side surface portion 370, the lower surface portion 330 of the digging portion 320 may be formed to be curved in a manner having a first curvature, and the upper surface portion 360 may be formed to be curved in a manner having a second curvature. At this time, when a virtual surface horizontal to the end surface of the coupling portion 310 is assumed at the front surface portion 380 of the digging portion 320 farthest from the end surface of the coupling portion 310, when a line of the virtual surface viewed from the side is used as a reference line, as shown in FIG. Fig.15 As shown, the angle e3 between the tangents at the respective junctions where the extension lines of the first curve 330a corresponding to the curvature of the lower portion 330 and the second curve 360a corresponding to the curvature of the upper portion 360 intersect with the reference line of the front portion 380 of the excavation portion 320 can be formed within the range of 10 to 25 degrees. If the angle e3 between the two tangents is formed to be less than 10 degrees, the thickness of the front end portion of the excavation portion 320 in the vertical direction is too thin, thereby increasing the risk of damage to the excavation portion 320 when performing operations on workpieces with high rigidity and hardness such as rock mountain operations; when the angle e1 between the two tangents is formed to exceed 25 degrees, the thickness of the front portion 380 of the excavation portion 320 is too thick, resulting in excessive excavation resistance, thereby reducing the efficiency of the operation.

[0083] Reference Fig.16 The lower portion 360 of the digging portion 320 may be formed to be recessed downward from the two side portions 370 toward the central portion. The cross section perpendicular to the front-rear direction in the predetermined section of the front portion 380 of the digging portion 320 may be formed in a crescent shape that is generally open upward. In one embodiment, the predetermined section at the lower end of such a crescent-shaped cross section may be formed as a straight section.

[0084] The front surface portion 380 of the digging portion 320 may include a first contact surface 381 bent upward substantially vertically from the front end of the lower surface portion 330 , and a second contact surface 382 bent downward toward the front from the front end of the upper surface portion 360 .

[0085] As described above, the shape of such an excavation portion 320 imitates the toenail of a mole. In the present invention, a plurality of step grooves 340 are provided on the lower portion 330, and the wear resistance is improved by protecting the excavation portion 320 with the help of the flow of particles. At the same time, when viewed from the side, the lower portion 330 of the excavation portion 320 is configured to be curved in a curvature, and the upper portion 360 is formed concavely so that the cross-section is configured to be crescent-shaped, thereby minimizing the friction resistance with the ground to improve the wear resistance and excavation performance.

[0086] In the present invention, the shape of the excavating tooth 300 with improved wear resistance is derived by adopting the natural imitation technology to technically imitate the shape of the animals and plants that drill the ground, and in order to confirm the improvement effect of the wear resistance, such as Fig.19 Wear analysis using discrete element method is performed as shown.

[0087] This analysis evaluates the amount of wear that occurs during excavation by measuring the shear energy generated when a test piece with a simplified tooth 300 penetrates particles, and Fig. 20 The tooth test pieces shown in the figure are symmetrical and asymmetrical in shape based on the penetration direction and are used as the evaluation objects.

[0088] Reference Fig.21 The evaluation results shown in the figure show that when the tooth 300 is asymmetrical with respect to the penetration direction, and the angle formed between the upper and lower surfaces of the tooth 300 and the penetration direction is smaller, the wear amount is lower. This means that the smaller the angle formed with the object of work during excavation, the more favorable the wear is. In particular, compared with the shape in which the two side surfaces form a predetermined angle, it is more preferable to have one side surface parallel to the excavation direction in terms of reducing wear.

[0089] In order to confirm the effect of forming a step surface on the surface of the tooth 300 for reducing wear, a wear analysis was performed by forming step grooves 340 of various shapes on the asymmetric shape of the tooth 300 corresponding to the above analysis results, and the results are shown in FIG. Fig. 22 .Depend on Fig. 22 It was confirmed that the test piece with the appropriately formed step groove 340 showed a lower wear amount than the test piece without the step groove 340 , and the test piece with the snake-scale-shaped step groove 340 showed the lowest wear amount.

[0090] Based on the above analysis results, an embodiment of the tooth 300 having an asymmetric shape and a step groove 340 is derived using natural bionics technology. The tooth 300 has a predetermined curvature in such a way that the bottom surface is parallel to the penetration direction during excavation, and accordingly, the top surface has a crescent-shaped cross section to ensure structural rigidity. Furthermore, in order to reduce wear on the bottom surface, a snake-scale-shaped step groove 340 is provided.

[0091] Fig.17 is the result of analyzing the friction acting on the surface of the tooth 300 of this embodiment by discrete element method, Fig.18 This is a graph for calculating the wear resistance life of the tooth 300 using the following [Table 2].

[0092] [Table 2]

[0093]

[0094] Here, the Wear Rate is calculated by dividing the Shear Energy by the Area value, and the Effective Life Constant is calculated by multiplying the Body Length by the Volume value.

[0095] Reference Fig.17 , Fig.18 As can be seen from Table 2, in the case of the tooth 300 of the various embodiments of the present invention, the wear rate is 78.7, which is about 20% lower than that of the comparative example, and Fig.18 As shown, the wear life (Wear Life) is also improved by more than 50% over the target value.

[0096] As described above, the excavation bucket 100 according to various embodiments of the present invention can improve the wear resistance of the bottom plate 110 while minimizing the weight increase by providing the reinforcing component 200 with the protrusions 220 and the recesses 230 at a predetermined interval, and can also improve the excavation performance by providing the step groove 340 composed of step surfaces 351 and 352 formed at a predetermined angle on the upper surface of the tooth 300 to improve the wear resistance of the tooth 300, and by forming a cross-section with a crescent shape.

[0097] The present invention is not necessarily limited to such an embodiment because all the constituent elements described above as constituting the embodiments of the present invention act by combining or combining into one. That is, as long as it does not depart from the scope of the purpose of the present invention, all the constituent elements may also act by selectively combining into one or more. In addition, the terms "including", "constituting" or "having" recorded above, unless otherwise stated to the contrary, indicate that the corresponding constituent elements may be included, and should therefore be analyzed as also including other constituent elements, rather than excluding other constituent elements. Unless otherwise defined, all terms including technical or technical terms have the same meaning as those generally understood by ordinary technicians in the field to which the present invention belongs. Commonly used terms, such as terms defined in dictionaries, should be analyzed as consistent with the meaning in the context of the relevant technology, and, unless clearly defined in the present invention, should not be analyzed as ideal or overly formal meanings.

[0098] The above description is merely an exemplary explanation of the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs may make various modifications and variations without departing from the essential characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are used to illustrate the technical idea of ​​the present invention, but are not used to limit the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention is not limited by these embodiments. The protection scope of the present invention should be analyzed through the following claims, and all technical ideas within their equivalent scope should be interpreted as falling within the scope of the rights of the present invention.

Claims

1. An excavating tooth, which is combined with a bucket, wherein the excavating tooth is characterized in that: The excavation tooth includes a coupling portion coupled to the bucket and an excavation portion for performing excavation work. The excavation portion includes a horizontal portion extending in the front-rear direction and formed at the center of the lower portion, and at least one stepped groove formed from the horizontal portion toward the side portion. The step groove is formed into a step shape by a first step surface adjacent to the horizontal portion and a second step surface which is formed at a predetermined angle with the first step surface on one side and is inclined toward the direction adjacent to the side portion as it moves toward the front portion of the excavation portion on the other side. The step groove is formed in plurality on both sides with the horizontal portion as the center. The upper surface of the excavation part is formed to be recessed downward from the side surface toward the center. When viewed from a side surface of the digging portion, a lower surface of the digging portion is formed to be curved in a manner having a first curvature, The front portion of the digging portion includes a plurality of first contact surfaces that are bent upward from the front ends of both ends of the lower portion toward the upper portion, and a second contact surface that is arranged between the plurality of first contact surfaces and is bent downward from the front end of the upper portion toward the lower portion toward the front.

2. The excavating tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that: An angle between the first step surface and the second step surface is formed in a range of 135° to 145°, and an angle between the second step surface and the side surface is formed in a range of 30° to 40°.

3. The excavating tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface portion is formed to be curved in a manner having a second curvature when viewed from a side surface portion of the digging portion, An angle between a tangent line of a first curve corresponding to a first curvature of the lower portion and a tangent line of a second curve corresponding to a second curvature of the upper portion is formed within a range of 10° to 25°.

4. The excavating tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cross section perpendicular to the front-rear direction of the excavation portion is formed in a crescent shape that is open upward.

5. The excavating tooth according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least a portion of an upper end portion or a lower end portion of the crescent shape is formed as a straight line portion.

6. An excavation bucket having teeth coupled to a front end, wherein: The tooth includes a coupling portion coupled to the bucket and a digging portion for performing digging work. The excavation portion includes a horizontal portion extending in the front-rear direction and formed at the center of the lower portion, and at least one stepped groove formed on the left and right sides from the horizontal portion toward the side portion. The step groove is formed into a step shape by a first step surface adjacent to the horizontal portion and a second step surface which is formed at a predetermined angle with the first step surface on one side and is inclined toward the direction adjacent to the side portion as it moves toward the front portion of the excavation portion on the other side. The step groove is formed in plurality on both sides with the horizontal portion as the center. The upper surface of the excavation part is formed to be recessed downward from the side surface toward the center. When viewed from a side surface of the digging portion, a lower surface of the digging portion is formed to be curved in a manner having a first curvature, The front part of the excavation part includes a plurality of first contact surfaces that are bent upward from the front ends of both ends of the lower part toward the upper part, and a second contact surface that is arranged between the plurality of first contact surfaces and is bent downward from the front end of the upper part toward the lower part toward the front. The excavation bucket includes a plurality of reinforcing components, which are arranged on the bucket apart from the tooth intervals, and the reinforcing components include a main body portion arranged along the width direction of the bucket, a protruding portion protruding on one side of the main body portion in a direction intersecting with the length direction of the main body portion, and a recessed portion recessed on the other side of the main body portion in a direction intersecting with the length direction of the main body portion.

7. The excavation bucket according to claim 6, characterized in that: An angle between the first step surface and the second step surface is formed in a range of 135° to 145°, and an angle between the second step surface and the side surface is formed in a range of 30° to 40°.

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