Method for calculating the embodied carbon of a building based on building construction units

Abstract

The application provides a building construction unit-based building materialization stage carbon emission calculation method, according to building design and building construction atlas, the building is divided into several building construction units, and the carbon emission of the building construction unit in the building materialization stage is calculated, and the calculation result is taken as the carbon emission factor of the building construction unit; the building construction unit family coding information is given in the Revit model, and the number of various building construction units is obtained by using the detail table. Then the carbon emission of the building materialization stage is calculated by using the Excel VBA program. The application provides the building construction unit carbon emission factor, by means of the building construction unit carbon emission factor, the carbon emission calculation process of the building in the materialization stage is simplified; the building construction unit carbon emission factor database is formed, which can be used for multiple times of the same type of project, so that the carbon emission calculation work of the building materialization stage of the subsequent project is simplified.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a building materialization stage carbon emission calculation method based on building construction units. BACKGROUND

[0002] The building life cycle carbon emission mainly comes from three stages: building materialization stage, building operation and maintenance stage and building demolition stage. In the building design stage, energy consumption simulation software is generally used to calculate the energy consumption of the building operation and maintenance stage, and then the carbon emission of the building operation and maintenance stage is calculated according to the carbon emission factor of energy. For the building materialization stage, at present, the carbon emission is mainly calculated by the following method:

[0003] The amount of materials used, the transportation distance of materials, the number of construction machinery shifts and the like in the building materialization stage are respectively counted, and then the carbon emission factor provided in the building carbon emission calculation standard is used to calculate the carbon emission in the building materialization stage. The method is simple in principle, but there are the following problems in actual operation:

[0004] Firstly, the amount of data to be counted is large, and the accuracy of the calculation result is easily reduced due to the omission of data;

[0005] Secondly, the method is suitable for completed building engineering, and for the engineering which has not yet been built, the carbon emission generated in the building materialization process cannot be quickly and accurately calculated in the design stage. Therefore, it cannot be used as an optimization design tool. SUMMARY

[0006] The application aims to provide a building materialization stage carbon emission calculation method based on building construction units.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the application provides a building materialization stage carbon emission calculation method based on building construction units, which comprises the following steps:

[0008] According to the building design scheme and the building construction atlas, the building is divided into a plurality of construction units, and different building construction units are coded;

[0009] The carbon emission of each building construction unit in the building materialization stage is calculated, and the carbon emission of each building construction unit in the building materialization stage is taken as the carbon emission factor of the building construction unit;

[0010] Based on the building construction unit code and the number of building construction units, a building construction unit quantity list is established;

[0011] The obtained building construction unit quantity list and the building construction unit carbon emission factor are imported into Excel, and the two are combined by using the Excel VBA program to calculate the carbon emission of the building materialization stage of the building;

[0012] When there are multiple architectural design schemes, the total carbon emissions of the building materialization stage of each scheme are calculated, and the architectural design scheme with the most carbon emission reduction advantage is selected based on the total carbon emissions of the building materialization stage of each scheme.

[0013] Further, in the above method, different building construction units are coded, including:

[0014] Each building construction unit is divided into main components and secondary components to code the building construction unit.

[0015] Further, in the above method, each building construction unit is divided into main components and secondary components, including:

[0016] First, the building construction unit with structural components first selects the structural components as the main components;

[0017] Second, when there is no structural component, the component that occupies the largest volume in the building construction unit is selected as the main component;

[0018] Third, when the building construction unit contains multiple structural components, the structural component with a large projected area in the force direction of the building construction unit is selected as the main component.

[0019] Further, in the above method, based on the division of the building construction unit into main components and secondary components, the building construction unit is coded, including:

[0020] The first 2 bits represent the engineering category order code to which the main component belongs;

[0021] The 3rd-4th bits represent the specialized engineering order code to which the main component belongs;

[0022] The 5th-6th bits represent the sub-division engineering order code to which the main component belongs;

[0023] The 7th-9th bits represent the sub-item engineering order code to which the main component belongs;

[0024] The 10th-11th bits represent the number of construction methods of the construction unit other than the main structure;

[0025] The 12th-14th bits represent the construction unit order code.

[0026] Further, in the above method, the building materialization stage carbon emissions of each building construction unit are calculated, including:

[0027] Based on the carbon emissions generated by the material production, material transportation, construction machinery shift, and labor of the building construction unit materialization stage, the building materialization stage carbon emissions of each building construction unit are calculated.

[0028] Further, in the above method, based on the carbon emissions generated by the material production, material transportation, construction machinery shift and labor of the building construction unit materialization stage, the building materialization stage carbon emissions of each building construction unit are calculated, including:

[0029] The building materialization stage carbon emissions of each building construction unit are calculated based on the following formula:

[0030]

[0031] Wherein, Q i is the carbon emissions of the i-th building construction unit in the building materialization stage; M j is the quota consumption of the j-th material in the construction unit, which has already included the loss of the material; F j is the carbon emission factor of the production of the j-th material; D j is the average transportation distance of the j-th material; Y j is the carbon emission factor of the j-th material per unit weight per transportation distance under the determined transportation mode; T k is the number of shifts of the k-th construction machinery during the construction of the construction unit; R k is the carbon emission factor of the k-th construction machinery; P p is the consumed working hours of the p-th type of work during the construction of the construction unit; B p is the carbon emission factor of the p-th type of work.

[0032] Further, in the above method, based on the building construction unit code and the number of building construction units, a building construction unit number list is established, including:

[0033] A Revit model can be established according to the building design scheme, and the construction unit family code information is given according to the division of the building construction unit. The construction unit family code is consistent with the building construction unit code;

[0034] The number of each building construction unit is counted by using the Revit schedule table, and a building construction unit number list is obtained, which includes the construction unit family code of the building construction unit and the corresponding number of building construction units.

[0035] Further, in the above method, the carbon emissions of the building materialization stage are calculated, including:

[0036] The carbon emissions of the building materialization stage are calculated based on the following formula:

[0037]

[0038] Wherein, Q is the total carbon emissions of the building materialization stage, C i is the carbon emission factor of the i-th construction unit; Ni The number of the i-th construction unit.

[0039] Further, in the above method, the building stage carbon emission of each building construction unit is calculated, and the building stage carbon emission of each building construction unit is taken as the carbon emission factor of the building construction unit, comprising:

[0040] By comparing the carbon emission factors C i The "carbon performance" of the same type but different construction units is ranked, and the building construction unit with low carbon emission factor is recommended as the recommended unit.

[0041] Further, in the above method, after ranking the "carbon performance" of the same type but different construction units, the method further comprises:

[0042] The building construction unit with medium carbon emission factor is taken as a general unit, and the building construction unit with high carbon emission factor is taken as a non-recommended unit.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the present application divides the building into several building construction units according to the building design and the building construction atlas, calculates the carbon emission of the building construction unit in the building stage, and takes the calculation result as the carbon emission factor of the building construction unit; the building construction unit family coding information is given in the Revit model, and the number of each type of building construction unit is obtained by using the detail table. Then the carbon emission of the building stage is calculated by using the Excel VBA program. The present application realizes the following technical innovations:

[0044] 1) The building construction unit carbon emission factor is proposed, and the building construction unit carbon emission factor is used to simplify the carbon emission calculation process of the building in the building stage.

[0045] 2) The building construction unit carbon emission factor database is formed, which can be used for multiple times of the same type of project, thereby simplifying the building stage carbon emission calculation work of the subsequent project.

[0046] 3) The principle of building construction unit coding is proposed.

[0047] 4) Through multi-scheme comparison, the contribution of different building construction units to the building stage carbon emission is obtained.

[0048] 5) Based on the building construction unit carbon emission factor, the building construction unit recommendation list is formed, which provides a basis for building low-carbon design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the building stage carbon emission calculation method based on building construction unit of an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 2 is a coding schematic diagram of a building construction unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a first outer wall construction unit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a second outer wall construction unit according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] In order to make the above objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent, further specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0054] As shown in Figure 1 , the present application provides a building construction unit-based building construction phase carbon emission calculation method, comprising:

[0055] Step 1: According to the building design scheme and the building construction drawing set, the building is divided into a plurality of construction units, and different building construction units are coded with 14 bits.

[0056] Preferably, the 14-bit coding principle is as follows:

[0057] The building construction unit is divided into main components and secondary components. When selecting the main components of the building construction unit, the following principles are followed:

[0058] First, the building construction unit with structural components first selects the structural components as the main components;

[0059] Second, when there is no structural component, select the component that occupies the largest volume in the building construction unit as the main component;

[0060] Third, when the construction unit contains multiple structural components, such as beams and floors, select the structural component with a large projected area of the building construction unit in its force direction as the main component.

[0061] In addition to the main components, they are secondary components.

[0062] The meaning represented by each level of coding is as shown in Figure 2 :

[0063] The first 2 digits represent the engineering class order code to which the main component belongs;

[0064] The 3rd-4th digits represent the professional engineering order code to which the main component belongs;

[0065] The 5th-6th digits represent the sub-division engineering order code to which the main component belongs;

[0066] The 7th to 9th bits represent the sub-item engineering sequence code to which the main component belongs;

[0067] The 10th to 11th bits represent the number of construction methods of the construction unit in addition to the main structure;

[0068] The 12th to 14th bits represent the construction unit sequence code.

[0069] The first 9 bits of the code can determine the engineering category, professional engineering and sub-item engineering sequence code to which the main component belongs according to the “Code for Bill of Quantities of Construction Works”; the 10th to 11th bits of the code are determined according to the number of construction methods of the construction unit in addition to the main component; and the 12th to 14th bits of the code are coded by the engineering personnel to avoid duplication of the construction unit code.

[0070] As shown in Figure 3 and 4 are two kinds of outer wall construction units of a building, the main component of the construction unit is a block wall, and each contains 8 kinds of inner wall and outer wall construction methods in addition to the block wall, so the codes of the two kinds of outer wall construction units are 01040200108001 and 01040200108002 respectively.

[0071] When the above construction unit coding principle is used to code the building construction unit, the situation of the same code for different construction units can be avoided; and according to the construction unit code, the main component of the building construction unit and the number of construction methods contained in the construction unit can be determined.

[0072] Step two: calculate the building materialization stage carbon emission of each building construction unit, and calculate the building materialization stage carbon emission Q i as the carbon emission factor C i of the building construction unit.

[0073] Specifically, first, the amount of materials required for the construction of the building construction unit, the number of construction machinery shifts and the number of labor hours are determined according to the quota. Then, according to the carbon emission factors provided in the “Standard for Building Carbon Emission Calculation”, the carbon emissions generated by the production of materials, the transportation of materials, the construction machinery shifts and the labor are calculated:

[0074]

[0075] wherein Q i is the carbon emission of the i-th building construction unit in the building materialization stage; M j is the quota consumption of the j-th material in the construction unit, which has already included the loss of the material; F j is the carbon emission factor for producing the j-th material; D j is the average transportation distance of the j-th material; and Tj Cj is the carbon emission factor of the jth material per unit weight per unit distance of transportation; T k Tk is the number of shifts of the kth construction machinery during the construction of the construction unit; R k Rk is the carbon emission factor of the kth construction machinery; P p Bp is the consumed man-hours of the pth work type during the construction of the construction unit; B p Bp is the carbon emission factor of the pth work type.

[0076] The calculated carbon emission of the building construction unit is taken as the carbon emission factor C i of the building construction unit. The carbon emission factors C i of all building construction units are calculated to form a database of carbon emission factors of building construction units. The data in the database of carbon emission factors of building construction units can be used for similar projects.

[0077] Step three: based on the building construction unit code and the number of building construction units, a list of the number of building construction units is established.

[0078] Preferably, a Revit model can be established according to the building design scheme, and the construction unit family code information is given according to the division of the building construction unit. The construction unit family code is consistent with the building construction unit code. The number of each building construction unit is counted by using the Revit schedule to obtain a list of the number of building construction units, which includes the construction unit family code of the building construction unit and the corresponding number of building construction units.

[0079] Step four: the obtained list of the number of building construction units and the carbon emission factor C

[0080]

[0081] Q is the total carbon emission of the building materialization stage, C i is the carbon emission factor of the ith construction unit; N i is the number of the ith construction unit.

[0082] Step five: when there are multiple building design schemes, the total carbon emission Q of the building materialization stage of each scheme can be calculated. Based on the total carbon emission Q of the building materialization stage of each scheme, the building design scheme with the most carbon emission reduction advantage can be selected, and the contribution of different building construction units to the carbon emission reduction of the building materialization stage can be obtained by comparison.

[0083] Preferably, step six: for the same type of building construction unit, such as outer wall construction unit, floor construction unit, etc., the carbon emission factor C of each building construction unit can be compared i The carbon performance of the same type but different construction units is ranked, the building construction unit with low carbon emission factor is recommended to be used, the building construction unit with medium carbon emission factor is generally used, and the building construction unit with high carbon emission factor is not recommended to be used, thereby providing a recommendation for low-carbon design of the building.

[0084] Here, in view of the problem that the current building carbon emission calculation method cannot be used as an optimization design tool, the building carbon emission calculation method based on building construction units can quickly and accurately calculate the building carbon emission in the design stage.

[0085] In order to solve the limitation of the current building carbon emission calculation method, the building carbon emission calculation method based on building construction units is proposed, so as to calculate the building carbon emission in the design stage, thereby providing a basis for the selection of building schemes.

[0086] The building carbon emission calculation method can quickly calculate the building carbon emission in the building stage according to the construction units and the number of buildings, facilitate the comparison of carbon emissions of different building schemes in the design stage, and select the building design scheme with the most low-carbon advantage.

[0087] In summary, the building is divided into several building construction units according to the building design and building construction atlas, the carbon emission of the building construction unit in the building stage is calculated, and the calculation result is taken as the carbon emission factor of the building construction unit; the building construction unit family code information is given in the Revit model, and the number of various building construction units is obtained by using the schedule table.

[0088] 1) The building construction unit carbon emission factor is proposed, and the building construction unit carbon emission factor is used to simplify the building carbon emission calculation process in the building stage.

[0089] 2) Form a database of building construction unit carbon emission factors, which can be used for multiple times in the same type of project, thus simplifying the calculation of building carbon emissions in the building materialization stage of subsequent projects.

[0090] 3) The principle of building construction unit coding is proposed.

[0091] 4) Through multi-scheme comparison, the contribution of different building construction units to carbon reduction in the building materialization stage is obtained.

[0092] 5) Based on the carbon emission factors of building construction units, a recommended list of building construction units is formed, providing a basis for low-carbon design of buildings.

[0093] The various embodiments in the specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be mutually referred to.

[0094] The skilled person can further realize that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized in electronic hardware, computer software or a combination of both. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the examples have been described in the above description in general terms. Whether the functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. The skilled person can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0095] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the application fall within the scope of the claims of the application and their equivalents, the application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method for calculating carbon emissions during the building-building stage based on building structural units, characterized in that, include: Based on the architectural design scheme and architectural construction drawings, the building is divided into several structural units, and different architectural structural units are coded. Calculate the carbon emissions of each building structure unit during the building construction stage, and use the carbon emissions of each building structure unit during the building construction stage as the carbon emission factor of that building structure unit. Establish a list of building construction unit quantities based on building construction unit codes and the number of building construction units; Import the obtained list of building construction units and the carbon emission factor of building construction units into Excel, and use the Excel VBA program to combine the two to calculate the carbon emissions of the building during the building construction stage. When there are multiple building design schemes, calculate the total carbon emissions of each scheme in the building construction stage, and select the building design scheme with the most carbon-saving advantages based on the total carbon emissions of each scheme in the building construction stage. Calculate the carbon emissions of each building structural unit during the building phase, including: Based on the carbon emissions generated by material production, material transportation, construction machinery shifts, and labor during the materialization stage of building structural units, calculate the carbon emissions of each building structural unit during the building construction stage. Based on the carbon emissions generated by material production, material transportation, construction machinery shifts, and labor during the materialization stage of building structural units, the carbon emissions during the building construction stage of each building structural unit are calculated, including: The carbon emissions of each building structural unit during the building phase are calculated based on the following formula: Among them, Q i M represents the carbon emissions of the i-th building structural unit during the building construction phase; j F represents the standard consumption of the j-th material in this structural unit, which already includes material loss; j The carbon emission factor for producing the j-th material; D j Y represents the average transport distance of the j-th material; j Let T be the carbon emission factor per unit weight of material j under a given transportation mode and transportation distance; k The number of shifts for the k-th type of construction machinery during the construction of this structural unit; R k P represents the carbon emission factor of the k-th type of construction machinery. p The man-hours consumed by the p-th type of work during the construction of this structural unit; B p Let p be the carbon emission factor for the p-th type of work.

2. The carbon emission calculation method for the building-integration stage based on building structural units as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Different building structural units are coded, including: Each building structural unit is divided into primary and secondary components, and the building structural units are coded.

3. The carbon emission calculation method for the building-integration stage based on building structural units as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Each building structural unit is divided into primary and secondary components, including: First, structural components are selected as the main components for building construction units with structural members. Second, when there are no structural components, select the component that occupies the largest volume in the building structural unit as the main component; Third, when a building unit contains multiple structural components, the structural component with the largest projected area in the direction of force should be selected as the main component.

4. The carbon emission calculation method for the building-integration stage based on building structural units as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the division of building structural units into primary and secondary components, the building structural units are coded, including: The first two digits represent the sequence code of the engineering category to which the main components belong; The 3rd and 4th digits represent the sequence code of the professional engineering project to which the main components belong; The 5th and 6th digits represent the sequence code of the sub-project to which the main component belongs; The 7th to 9th digits represent the sequence code of the sub-project to which the main component belongs; The 10th and 11th digits indicate the number of construction methods for this structural unit, excluding the main components; Bits 12 to 14 represent the sequence code of the building unit.

5. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the building-building stage based on building structural units as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the building structural unit codes and the number of building structural units, a list of building structural unit quantities is established, including: A Revit model is created based on the architectural design scheme, and structural unit family coding information is assigned according to the division of architectural structural units. The structural unit family coding is consistent with the architectural structural unit coding. The Revit schedule is used to count the number of each building construction unit to obtain a list of building construction unit quantities. The list of building construction unit quantities includes: the construction unit family code of the building construction unit and the corresponding number of building construction units.

6. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the building-building stage based on building structural units as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Calculating carbon emissions during the building phase includes: Carbon emissions during the building phase are calculated using the following formula: Where Q represents the total carbon emissions during the building phase, and C... i N is the carbon emission factor of the i-th structural unit; i denoted as the number of the i-th type of construction unit.

7. The method for calculating carbon emissions during the building-building stage based on building structural units as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Calculate the carbon emissions during the building construction phase of each building structural unit, and use the carbon emissions during the building construction phase of each building structural unit as the carbon emission factor for that building structural unit, including: By comparing the carbon emission factor C of each building structural unit i Building construction units of the same type but with different construction methods are ranked according to their "carbon performance," and those with low carbon emission factors are recommended for use.

8. The carbon emission calculation method for the building-integration stage based on building structural units as described in claim 7, characterized in that, After ranking building structural units of the same type but different construction methods by "carbon performance," the following also applies: Building construction units with moderate carbon emission factors are considered general units; construction units with high carbon emission factors are considered units that are not recommended for use.

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