A reaction device for catalyzing the conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas

Abstract

The present invention discloses a reaction device for catalyzing the conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas. The device connects a plurality of biomass reaction cylinders pre-loaded with biomass with a gas storage cavity, and supplies sufficient high-temperature flue gas into a high-temperature flue gas supply cavity through a first solenoid valve. The high-temperature flue gas supply cavity fills a sufficient amount of high-temperature flue gas into the biomass reaction cylinder. When the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity are sufficient, the first solenoid valve is closed to enter a pressure-maintaining reaction stage. As the reaction in the biomass reaction cylinder proceeds, the internal pressure gradually increases, and the second solenoid valve is opened to release part of the internal gas to ensure that the hydrogen production work in the biomass reaction cylinder is effectively carried out. Similarly, when the temperature and pressure in the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity decrease, the first solenoid valve is opened to enter a charging stage. Through the independent configuration and continuous operation of the above-mentioned parts, the problems of low energy utilization and production efficiency in the biomass reaction process can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass pyrolysis hydrogen production, and in particular relates to a reaction device for catalyzing the conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas. Background Art

[0002] At present, biomass is being developed and studied as a source of hydrogen. The reason is that biomass has a wide range of sources and its hydrogen content is slightly higher than that of fossil fuels such as coal, so it is widely sought after. Precisely because of the hot research and development of biomass, there are many devices and corresponding processes in the prior art, such as a biomass pyrolysis hydrogen production reaction device with application number 202111093166.9, which includes a gas guide component and a bearing component, wherein the gas guide component includes a holding tank, a first spiral plate and a flow guide cover, the inner wall of the holding tank is provided with a first spiral plate, and a flow guide cover is provided under the first spiral plate; and The bearing assembly includes a rotating shaft, a second spiral plate and a tray. The rotating shaft is arranged in the containing tank, a guide cover is arranged at the end of the rotating shaft, and a second spiral plate and a tray are arranged on the rotating shaft, and the second spiral plate is located above the tray, and the second spiral plate is located on the inner side of the first spiral plate, and a gap is left between them; and the rotation direction of the side surface of the second spiral plate is opposite to the direction of the high-temperature flue gas flowing upward along the first spiral plate, which is conducive to further allowing the high-temperature flue gas to fully react with the catalyst, making the reaction more sufficient and thorough, improving the reaction efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and helping to increase the proportion of hydrogen components.

[0003] The application number is 202110855126.7, which provides a device and method for real-time monitoring of biomass pyrolysis and gasification and particle temperature measurement. The device and method for real-time monitoring of biomass pyrolysis and gasification and particle temperature measurement are applied to a biomass pyrolysis and gasification system, wherein the biomass pyrolysis and gasification system includes a reactor in which biomass particles are placed; the device and method for real-time monitoring of biomass pyrolysis and gasification and particle temperature measurement include a temperature measuring unit, wherein the temperature measuring unit includes a thermocouple and a temperature control module, wherein one end of the thermocouple is inserted into the biomass particles, and the other end of the thermocouple is connected to the temperature control module. The device and method for real-time monitoring of biomass pyrolysis and gasification and particle temperature measurement of the present invention can monitor the heat transfer process inside the biomass particles in real time during the pyrolysis and gasification process.

[0004] In summary, after research, the applicant found that although the principles of biomass hydrogen production in the prior art are the same, the energy utilization rate and production efficiency of different devices are different. Among them, the energy utilization rate is mainly restricted by the introduction of excessive high-temperature flue gas to react with biomass during the reaction, but the waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas after the reaction is still very large. Although the waste heat can be recovered, it still causes a large amount of energy loss. The applicant takes the timed and quantitative charging of high-temperature flue gas as a breakthrough to improve the energy utilization rate; the production efficiency is mainly restricted by the concentrated reaction of biomass in the reaction device, resulting in a small amount of single biomass reaction relative to the large space in the reaction device. The applicant takes the independence of the reaction space in the reaction device as a breakthrough to improve the production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a reaction device for catalyzing the conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas in view of the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, so as to solve the problems of low energy utilization and production efficiency in the biomass reaction process.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following scheme: The present invention provides a reaction device for catalyzing the conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas, comprising a connected gas storage chamber and a biomass reaction unit, wherein the gas storage chamber is connected to a gas source, and a flue gas heating component is arranged in the gas storage chamber; the biomass reaction unit comprises a gas collecting central axis and a plurality of biomass reaction cylinders arranged axially at intervals along the gas collecting central axis, the interior of the biomass reaction cylinder is a hollow structure, the bottom wall of the hollow structure is a biomass reaction area, a high-temperature flue gas inlet is provided on the outer side wall of the hollow structure, and high-temperature flue gas supply cavities corresponding to each of the biomass reaction cylinders are provided on the inner side wall of the gas storage chamber, and the high-temperature flue gas supply cavities are respectively provided through a first solenoid valve It is connected to the gas storage chamber, a first temperature and pressure sensor is arranged in the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity, the high-temperature flue gas inlet is connected to the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity, the inner wall of the hollow structure is connected to the gas collecting cavity of the gas collecting central axis through a second solenoid valve, a second temperature and pressure sensor is arranged in the hollow structure, and the high-temperature flue gas inlet and the second solenoid valve are both arranged above the biomass reaction area; a lifting part is arranged on the gas collecting central axis, and one end of the gas collecting central axis is detachably connected to the gas collecting assembly; when the first temperature and pressure sensor reaches a first preset threshold value, the first solenoid valve is closed, and when the second temperature and pressure sensor reaches a second preset threshold value, the second solenoid valve is opened.

[0007] Preferably, the gas storage chamber is an annular structure, the inner wall of the annular structure is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the hollow structure, and the other end of the gas collecting center axis is connected to the rotating drive mechanism; the opening angle range of the high-temperature flue gas inlet is 30° to 90°.

[0008] Preferably, the second solenoid valve is disposed at a position far away from the high-temperature flue gas inlet.

[0009] Preferably, a residual smoke collecting chamber is provided between the upper and lower adjacent high-temperature smoke supply cavities, the residual smoke collecting chamber is connected with the gas storage chamber through a one-way valve, and the residual smoke flows from the residual smoke collecting chamber into the gas storage chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the hoisting portion is a hoisting ring structure.

[0011] Preferably, the gas collecting assembly comprises a gas collecting pump, and the gas collecting pump is detachably connected to one end of the gas collecting central axis through a gas collecting pipeline.

[0012] Preferably, the gas output volume of the second solenoid valve is smaller than the unit gas collection volume of the gas collecting pump.

[0013] Preferably, the volume of the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity is not less than one third of the volume of the hollow structure.

[0014] Preferably, the height of the hollow structure is not less than half of the height of the biomass after reaction in the biomass reaction area.

[0015] Preferably, the biomass reaction cylinder is detachably connected to the gas collecting central axis.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1) In the present invention, several biomass reaction cylinders pre-loaded with biomass are connected to the gas storage cavity, and sufficient high-temperature flue gas is supplied into the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity through the first solenoid valve. The high-temperature flue gas supply cavity fills sufficient high-temperature flue gas into the biomass reaction cylinder. When the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity are sufficient, the first solenoid valve is closed to enter the pressure-maintaining reaction stage. When the internal pressure in the biomass reaction cylinder gradually increases with the progress of the reaction, the second solenoid valve is opened to release part of the internal gas to ensure that the hydrogen production work in the biomass reaction cylinder is effectively carried out. During the process of releasing the gas, the reserved flue gas in the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity continues to enter the biomass reaction cylinder. Similarly, when the temperature and pressure in the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity decrease, the first solenoid valve is opened to enter the charging stage. Through the independent configuration and continuous operation of the above-mentioned parts, the problems of low energy utilization and production efficiency in the biomass reaction process can be solved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0019] Figure 1 A three-dimensional side view of a reaction device for catalyzing the conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of some structures;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the middle air storage chamber;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a biomass reaction unit;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial cross-sectional view of

[0025] Among them: 1. gas storage chamber, 2. biomass reaction unit, 3. gas collection center axis, 4. biomass reaction cylinder, 5. biomass reaction area, 6. high-temperature flue gas inlet, 7. high-temperature flue gas supply cavity, 8. first solenoid valve, 9. first temperature and pressure sensor, 10. second solenoid valve, 12. lifting part, 13. rotation drive mechanism, 14. gas collection component, 15. residual smoke collection chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 6As shown, the present invention provides a reaction device for catalyzing the conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas, comprising a connected gas storage chamber 1 and a biomass reaction unit 2, wherein the gas storage chamber 1 is connected to a gas source through an air intake pipeline, wherein the gas source can be a high-temperature gas source or a general gas source, and a flue gas heating component is arranged in the gas storage chamber 1, when the gas source is a high-temperature gas source, the flue gas heating component plays a compensatory heating function, when the gas source is a general gas source, the flue gas heating component plays a main heating function, gas heating is a prior art, and its specific heating principle is not described in detail here, and it is sufficient to meet the biomass hydrogen production reaction;

[0029] The biomass reaction unit 2 includes a gas collecting central axis 3 and a plurality of biomass reaction cylinders 4 arranged at axial intervals along the gas collecting central axis 3, wherein the number of biomass reaction cylinders 4 is selected according to actual needs; the feeding and discharging of the biomass reaction cylinder 4 are operated by setting corresponding feeding ports and discharging ports, and the specific setting positions and structures are not specifically limited, as long as the feeding and discharging work can be completed; in order to facilitate maintenance and replacement, preferably, the biomass reaction cylinder 4 is detachably connected to the gas collecting central axis 3; the specific structure is as follows: the interior of the biomass reaction cylinder 4 is set as a hollow structure, and the bottom wall of the hollow structure is a biomass reaction area 5, which is used to prevent biomass, and a high-temperature flue gas inlet 6 is opened on the outer wall of the hollow structure, and a high-temperature flue gas inlet 6 corresponding to each biomass reaction cylinder 4 is provided on the inner wall of the gas storage chamber 1. The high-temperature flue gas supply cavity 7 is connected with the gas storage cavity 1 through the first solenoid valve 8, a first temperature and pressure sensor 9 is arranged in the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity 7, a high-temperature flue gas inlet 6 is connected with the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity 7, the inner wall of the hollow structure is connected with the gas collecting cavity of the gas collecting central axis 3 through the second solenoid valve 10, a second temperature and pressure sensor is arranged in the hollow structure, and the high-temperature flue gas inlet 6 and the second solenoid valve 10 are arranged above the biomass reaction area 5; a lifting part 12 is arranged on the gas collecting central axis 3, and one end of the gas collecting central axis 3 is detachably connected to the gas collecting component 14; when the first temperature and pressure sensor 9 reaches the first preset threshold value, the first solenoid valve 8 is closed, and when the second temperature and pressure sensor reaches the second preset threshold value, the second solenoid valve 10 is opened. That is, by connecting several biomass reaction cylinders 4 pre-filled with biomass with the gas storage chamber 1, and supplying sufficient high-temperature flue gas into the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity 7 through the first solenoid valve 8, the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity 7 fills sufficient high-temperature flue gas into the biomass reaction cylinder 4. When the temperature and pressure of the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity 7 are sufficient, the first solenoid valve 8 is closed to enter the pressure-maintaining reaction stage. When the internal pressure in the biomass reaction cylinder 4 gradually increases with the progress of the reaction, the second solenoid valve 10 is opened to release part of the internal gas to ensure the effective progress of the hydrogen production work in the biomass reaction cylinder 4. During the process of releasing the gas, the reserved flue gas in the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity 7 continues to enter the biomass reaction cylinder 4. Similarly, when the temperature and pressure in the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity 7 are reduced, the first solenoid valve 8 is opened to enter the charging stage. Through the independent configuration and continuous operation of the above-mentioned parts, the problems of low energy utilization and production efficiency in the biomass reaction process can be solved.

[0030] In order to achieve regular intermittent air intake, the air storage chamber 1 in the present invention is an annular structure, the inner wall of the annular structure is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the hollow structure, and the other end of the gas collecting center axis 3 is connected to the rotating drive mechanism 13; the opening angle range of the high-temperature flue gas inlet 6 is 30° to 90°, and in the process of the rotating drive mechanism 13 driving the gas collecting center axis 3 to rotate, the connection state between the high-temperature flue gas inlet 6 and the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity 7 is mutually converted. When disconnected, the high-temperature smoke gas inlet 6 is blocked by the inner wall of the annular structure, and when connected, the high-temperature smoke gas supply cavity 7 supplies high-temperature smoke into the hollow structure. It should be noted here that, if necessary, a flue gas heating device can be provided in the high-temperature smoke gas supply cavity 7; when the supply of high-temperature smoke gas causes the temperature and pressure in the high-temperature smoke gas supply cavity 7 to decrease, the first solenoid valve 8 is opened to enter the inflation stage.

[0031] In order to avoid the problem of the second solenoid valve 10 being mistakenly opened due to the local high pressure at the high-temperature flue gas inlet 6, the second solenoid valve 10 in the present invention is set away from the setting position of the high-temperature flue gas inlet 6 to ensure a measured distance between the two.

[0032] In order to prevent smoke from leaking between the inner wall of the gas storage chamber 1 and the outer wall of the hollow structure and thereby preventing the inner wall of the gas storage chamber 1 and the outer wall of the hollow structure from being deformed due to excess smoke therebetween, a residual smoke collection chamber 15 is provided between the upper and lower adjacent high-temperature smoke supply cavities 7 in the present invention. The residual smoke collection chamber 15 is connected to the gas storage chamber 1 through a one-way valve, and the residual smoke flows from the residual smoke collection chamber 15 into the gas storage chamber 1. When the pressure is too high, the residual smoke flows back into the gas storage chamber 1 through the one-way valve.

[0033] As a specific implementation scheme, the hanging part 12 in the present invention is a hanging ring structure.

[0034] As a specific implementation scheme, the gas collection assembly 14 in the present invention includes a gas collection pump, and the gas collection pump is detachably connected to one end of the gas collection central axis 3 through a gas collection pipeline.

[0035] As a specific implementation scheme, the gas output of the second solenoid valve 10 in the present invention is smaller than the unit gas collection volume of the gas collection pump.

[0036] In order to ensure sufficient flue gas, the volume of the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity 7 in the present invention is not less than one third of the volume of the hollow structure.

[0037] In order to ensure the pressure capacity and reaction time in the hollow structure, the height of the hollow structure in the present invention is not less than half of the height of the biomass in the biomass reaction area 5 after the reaction, so as to avoid the problem of huge pressure changes caused by too small volume.

[0038] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the present invention and its core ideas. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A reaction device for catalytically converting biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas, characterized in that: The invention comprises a connected gas storage chamber and a biomass reaction unit, wherein the gas storage chamber is connected to a gas source, and a flue gas heating component is arranged in the gas storage chamber; the biomass reaction unit comprises a gas collecting central axis and a plurality of biomass reaction cylinders arranged axially at intervals along the gas collecting central axis, the interior of the biomass reaction cylinder is a hollow structure, the bottom wall of the hollow structure is a biomass reaction area, a high-temperature flue gas inlet is provided on the outer wall of the hollow structure, high-temperature flue gas supply cavities corresponding to each of the biomass reaction cylinders are provided on the inner wall of the gas storage chamber, the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity is connected to the gas storage chamber through a first solenoid valve, and a high-temperature flue gas supply cavity is provided in the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity. There is a first temperature and pressure sensor, the high-temperature flue gas inlet is connected with the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity, the inner side wall of the hollow structure is connected with the gas collecting cavity of the gas collecting central axis through a second solenoid valve, a second temperature and pressure sensor is arranged in the hollow structure, and the high-temperature flue gas inlet and the second solenoid valve are both arranged above the biomass reaction area; a lifting part is arranged on the gas collecting central axis, and one end of the gas collecting central axis is detachably connected to the gas collecting component; when the first temperature and pressure sensor reaches a first preset threshold, the first solenoid valve is closed, and when the second temperature and pressure sensor reaches a second preset threshold, the second solenoid valve is opened.

2. The reaction device for catalytic conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas storage chamber is an annular structure, the inner wall of the annular structure is tightly fitted with the outer wall of the hollow structure, and the other end of the gas collecting center axis is connected to the rotating drive mechanism; the opening angle range of the high-temperature flue gas inlet is 30° to 90°.

3. The reaction device for catalytic conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The second solenoid valve is disposed at a position far away from the high-temperature flue gas inlet.

4. The reaction device for catalytic conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A residual smoke collecting chamber is arranged between the upper and lower adjacent high-temperature smoke supply cavities. The residual smoke collecting chamber is connected to the gas storage chamber through a one-way valve, and the residual smoke flows from the residual smoke collecting chamber into the gas storage chamber.

5. The reaction device for catalytic conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hoisting part is a hoisting ring structure.

6. The reaction device for catalytic conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The gas collection assembly comprises a gas collection pump, and the gas collection pump is detachably connected to one end of the gas collection central axis through a gas collection pipeline.

7. The reaction device for catalytic conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas output volume of the second solenoid valve is smaller than the unit gas collection volume of the gas collection pump.

8. The reaction device for catalytic conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The volume of the high-temperature flue gas supply cavity is not less than one third of the volume of the hollow structure.

9. The reaction device for catalytic conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height of the hollow structure is not less than half of the height of the biomass in the biomass reaction area after reaction.

10. The reaction device for catalytic conversion of biomass into hydrogen-rich fuel gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biomass reaction cylinder is detachably connected to the gas collecting central axis.

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