A roller cone drill bit for geological exploration

Abstract

The application provides a roller bit for geological exploration, and belongs to the technical field of roller bits, and comprises a bit body, a sampling mechanism and a driving device. The roller bit for geological exploration is characterized in that a sampling channel is arranged at the center of a concave cavity of the bit body where a roller is installed, and a slide rail, the sampling mechanism and the driving device are arranged in the sampling channel. The slide rail is arranged along the axial direction of the bit body, the sampling mechanism is in sliding cooperation with the slide rail, and the slide rail plays a limiting and guiding role on the sampling mechanism. The driving device provides power for the sampling mechanism, and drives the sampling mechanism to reciprocate along the axial direction of the bit body in the sampling channel, so that the sampling mechanism can extend out of the sampling channel. The sampling mechanism rotates synchronously with the bit body in the process of linear motion along the slide rail, that is, the sampling mechanism can drill into the stratum and take out a stratum sample.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of roller bits, and more particularly to a roller bit for geological exploration. BACKGROUND

[0002] The roller bit is the most widely used rock breaking tool in oil drilling at present, and its use effect and service life have a very important influence on drilling construction and drilling cost. The roller bit in the prior art only has the function of drilling into the rock formation and cannot realize the function of sampling the formation. When sampling the formation is needed, professional formation sampling equipment needs to be used. The formation sampling equipment and the drill bit need to be operated alternately, that is, the drill bit is taken out before the formation sampling can be carried out, and the drill bit can be used to drill again after the formation sampling is completed, so that the formation sampling operation is troublesome and seriously affects the drilling efficiency of the drill bit. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to provide a roller bit for geological exploration, which aims to solve the problem that the existing roller bit does not have the function of sampling the formation, and when sampling the formation is needed, the roller bit needs to be taken out, which leads to the problem that the formation sampling operation is troublesome and affects the drilling efficiency of the drill bit.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is to provide a roller bit for geological exploration, comprising:

[0005] A drill bit body is connected to a drill rod at one end and is provided with a concave cavity at the other end. A plurality of rollers are arranged on the outer periphery of the concave cavity. A sampling channel is arranged in the center of the concave cavity along the axial direction of the drill bit body. A slide rail is arranged on the side wall of the sampling channel along the axial direction of the drill bit body.

[0006] A sampling mechanism is arranged in the sampling channel and is slidably mounted on the slide rail.

[0007] A driving device is fixedly mounted in the sampling channel and is used to drive the sampling mechanism to reciprocate along the axial direction of the drill bit body.

[0008] The driving device drives the sampling mechanism to move in the sampling channel along the axial direction of the drill bit body, so that the sampling mechanism protrudes out of the sampling channel and protrudes out of the roller. The sampling mechanism rotates under the driving of the drill bit body, drills into the formation and takes out the formation sample.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the sampling mechanism comprises a horizontal slide bar, a horizontal support plate, two vertical support plates and a drill; the horizontal slide bar and the horizontal support plate are perpendicular to the axial direction of the drill bit body, and the vertical support plates are parallel to the axial direction of the drill bit body; the end of the horizontal slide bar is provided with a sliding block in sliding fit with the slide rail, the horizontal support plate is fixedly connected with the slide bar and is perpendicular to the horizontal support plate, the two vertical support plates are fixedly installed at the two ends of the horizontal support plate in the length direction, the drill is in the shape of a circular ring, the drill is fixedly installed at one end of the vertical support plate close to the outlet of the sampling channel, and the vertical support plate is located in the projection range of the drill.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the drill comprises two drill discs which are in the shape of a semicircular ring and are symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the vertical support plate; the two ends of the drill disc are provided with a hinge shaft in hinge connection with the two vertical support plates respectively, the hinge shaft is fixedly connected with the drill disc, a worm wheel is fixedly installed on the hinge shaft, a worm gear and a driving motor are installed on the vertical support plate, the worm gear is located between the two drill discs and is in transmission fit with the worm wheels on the two drill discs, and the driving motor is used to drive the worm gear to rotate.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the front surface of the drill is provided with a discharge hole, and the back surface of the drill is provided with a discharge pipe in communication with the discharge hole.

[0012] In a possible implementation, a telescopic driving member and a cutting knife are installed on the drill; the telescopic driving member is installed in the interior of the drill, the cutting knife is arranged in the radial direction of the drill and is in sliding fit with the drill; the telescopic driving member is used to drive the cutting knife to reciprocate in the radial direction of the drill, so that the cutting knife extends into the interior of the drill and cuts the stratum sample.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the interior of the cutting knife is provided with a gas injection channel, the outlet of the gas injection channel faces the interior of the drill, and a high-pressure gas pipe in communication with the gas injection channel is installed on the cutting knife.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the top surface of the horizontal support plate is provided with a pressure sensor.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the vertical support plate is provided with an elastic top pin, the elastic top pin comprises a top pin body, an elastic reset member and a counterweight, two opposite side walls of the vertical support plate are provided with accommodating cavities for accommodating the elastic top pin, the accommodating cavities are provided with plugs at openings, the plugs are provided with guide through holes for slidingly matching the top pin body, the elastic reset member is located in the accommodating cavities and used for applying a force to the top pin body towards the side of the plug, and the counterweight is fixedly installed at one end of the top pin body located inside the accommodating cavities.

[0016] In a possible implementation, a limiting flange is sleeved on the top pin body, the limiting flange is located in the accommodating cavities, and an outer diameter of the limiting flange is greater than a hole diameter of the guide through hole.

[0017] In a possible implementation, the elastic reset member is a compression spring, one end of the compression spring is abutted against the side wall of the accommodating cavities, the other end of the compression spring is sleeved on the outside of the top pin body and the counterweight and is abutted against the limiting flange.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the geological exploration roller bit has the following beneficial effects: the sampling channel is arranged in the center of the concave cavity of the bit body, the sampling mechanism is arranged in the sampling channel, the sampling mechanism can be extended out of the sampling channel through the driving device, the sampling mechanism can be rotated synchronously with the bit body during the linear motion along the guide rail, and the sampling mechanism can drill into the stratum and take out the stratum sample. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 A cross-sectional structure schematic view of the geological exploration roller bit provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0021] Figure 2 A cross-sectional structure schematic view of the sampling mechanism (folding state) provided by the embodiments of the present application is shown.

[0022] Figure 3A cross-sectional structure schematic view of the sampling mechanism (expanded state) provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 A Figure 3 An enlarged view at A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 5 A Figure 3 A left view of the;

[0025] Figure 6 A Figure 3 A top view of the;

[0026] Figure 7 A schematic view of the connecting structure of the drill disc and the vertical support plate provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic view of the mounting structure of the elastic top pin provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0028] In the figure: 1, drill bit body; 101, concave cavity; 102, cone; 103, sampling channel; 104, slide rail; 2, sampling mechanism; 201, horizontal slide bar; 202, horizontal support plate; 203, vertical support; 204, drilling tool; 205, drill disc; 206, hinged shaft; 207, worm gear; 208, worm; 209, driving motor; 210, discharge hole; 211, discharge pipe; 212, telescopic driving member; 213, cutting knife; 214, air injection channel; 215, high-pressure air pipe; 216, pressure sensor; 217, elastic top pin; 218, top pin body; 219, elastic reset member; 220, counterweight; 221, containing cavity; 222, plug; 223, limiting flange; 224, slide block; 3, driving device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to make the technical problems to be solved by the present application, technical solutions and beneficial effects more clear and explicit, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0030] Please see Figures 1 to 3The application provides a roller bit for geological exploration. The roller bit for geological exploration comprises a bit body 1, a sampling mechanism 2 and a driving device 3. One end of the bit body 1 is connected with a drill rod, and the other end is provided with a concave cavity 101. A plurality of rollers 102 are arranged on the outer periphery of the concave cavity 101. A sampling channel 103 is arranged in the center of the concave cavity 101 along the axial direction of the bit body 1. A slide rail 104 is arranged on the side wall of the sampling channel 103 along the axial direction of the bit body 1. The sampling mechanism 2 is arranged in the sampling channel 103 and is slidably installed on the slide rail 104. The driving device 3 is fixedly installed in the sampling channel 103 and is used for driving the sampling mechanism 2 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the bit body 1. The driving device 3 drives the sampling mechanism 2 to move along the axial direction of the bit body 1 in the sampling channel 103, so that the sampling mechanism 2 extends out of the sampling channel 103 and protrudes from the rollers 102. The sampling mechanism 2 rotates under the driving of the bit body 1, drills into the stratum and takes out a stratum sample.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the roller bit for geological exploration provided in the embodiment is provided with the sampling channel 103 in the center of the concave cavity 101 of the bit body 1 where the rollers 102 are installed, the slide rail 104, the sampling mechanism 2 and the driving device 3 are arranged in the sampling channel 103. The slide rail 104 is arranged along the axial direction of the bit body 1, the sampling mechanism 2 is slidably connected with the slide rail 104, and the slide rail 104 plays a limiting and guiding role on the sampling mechanism 2. The driving device 3 provides power for the sampling mechanism 2, drives the sampling mechanism 2 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the bit body 1 in the sampling channel 103, so that the sampling mechanism 2 can extend out of the sampling channel 103. In the process of linear motion along the slide rail, the sampling mechanism 2 rotates synchronously with the bit body 1, that is, the sampling mechanism 2 can drill into the stratum and take out a stratum sample.

[0032] In the embodiment, two rotatable rollers 102 are installed on the bit body 1, and the rollers 102 do not contact each other, so that a gap exists between the rollers 102. The sampling channel 103 is arranged on the inner side of the gap along the axial direction of the bit body 1, so that the sampling mechanism 2 can smoothly pass through the gap between the rollers 102. After the sampling mechanism 2 extends out of the sampling channel 103, the sampling mechanism 2 needs to protrude from the rollers 102, so that the sampling mechanism 2 can drill into the stratum and complete the sampling of the stratum. The driving device 3 is a pneumatic cylinder or an oil cylinder.

[0033] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6The sampling mechanism 2 comprises a horizontal slide bar 201, a horizontal support plate 202, two vertical support plates 203 and a drill 204. The horizontal slide bar 201 and the horizontal support plate 202 are perpendicular to the axial direction of the drill bit body 1, and the vertical support plates 203 are parallel to the axial direction of the drill bit body 1. The end of the horizontal slide bar 201 is provided with a sliding block 224 which is in sliding cooperation with the slide rail 104. The horizontal support plate 202 is fixedly connected with the slide bar and is perpendicular to the horizontal support plate 202. The two vertical support plates 203 are fixedly installed at the two ends of the horizontal support plate 202 in the length direction. The drill 204 is in the shape of a circular ring. The drill 204 is fixedly installed at one end of the vertical support plate 203 close to the outlet of the sampling channel 103. The vertical support plate 203 is located in the projection range of the drill 204. In this embodiment, the horizontal slide bar 201 and the horizontal support plate 202 are perpendicular to the axial direction of the drill bit body 1, and the horizontal slide bar 201 is perpendicular to the horizontal support plate 202. The horizontal slide bar 201 and the horizontal support plate 202 are in a cross structure. The number of the slide rails 104 is two, which are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the sampling channel 103. The slide rails 104 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the sampling channel 103. The slide rails 104 correspond to the positions of the cone 102. The two ends of the horizontal slide bar 201 in the length direction are respectively fixedly installed with the sliding blocks 224 which are in sliding cooperation with the slide rails 104. The horizontal support plate 202 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the horizontal slide bar 201 by welding. The two vertical support plates 203 are respectively fixedly installed at the two ends of the horizontal bar in the length direction. The drill 204 is in the shape of a circular ring, and the drill 204 is coaxial with the drill bit body 1. The two vertical support plates 203 support the drill 204. The drill 204 drills a ring-shaped groove in the stratum, thereby forming a cylindrical stratum sample. The stratum sample enters the space between the two vertical support plates 203 as the drill 204 continuously drills. Since the vertical support plates 203 are located in the projection range of the drill 204 along the axial direction of the drill bit body 1, it can be ensured that the vertical support plates 203 can smoothly enter the ring-shaped groove drilled by the drill 204 in the stratum. The number of the driving devices 3 is two, which are symmetrically arranged with the center of the horizontal slide bar 201. The driving end of the driving device 3 is fixedly connected with the top surface of the horizontal slide bar 201.

[0034] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7The drilling tool 204 comprises two drilling discs 205 arranged symmetrically on two sides of the vertical support 203 in a half-ring shape, and the two ends of the drilling disc 205 are provided with a hinge shaft 206 hinged with the two vertical support 203 plates respectively, the hinge shaft 206 is fixedly connected with the drilling disc 205, a worm gear 207 is fixedly installed on the hinge shaft 206, a worm 208 and a driving motor 209 are installed on the vertical support 203 plate, the worm 208 is located between the two drilling discs 205 and is in transmission cooperation with the worm gears 207 on the two drilling discs 205, and the driving motor 209 is used to drive the worm 208 to rotate. In the embodiment, the drilling disc 205 is a half-ring structure, and the two drilling discs 205 can be assembled into a complete ring. Since the drilling disc 205 is hingedly connected with the vertical support 203 plate, the drilling disc 205 can be rotated to be horizontal or vertical around the hinge shaft 206, so that the switching between the unfolded state and the folded state of the drilling disc 205 is realized. The cross section of the sampling channel 103 is rectangular, the horizontal slide rod 201 corresponds to the short side of the sampling channel 103, and the horizontal support plate 202 corresponds to the long side of the sampling channel 103. The hinge shaft 206 of the drilling disc 205 is consistent with the length direction of the horizontal support plate 202. The drilling disc 205 is in the folded state in the sampling channel 103, so that the space occupied by the drilling disc 205 is reduced, and the drilling disc 205 is conveniently stored. When the drilling disc 205 is extended out of the sampling channel 103 to perform a sampling operation, the two drilling discs 205 are respectively rotated to the horizontal direction away from each other, at this time, the two drilling discs 205 are in the unfolded state, so as to form a complete ring. The two drilling discs 205 are completely the same in structure, one of the hinge shafts 206 on each drilling disc 205 is fixedly installed with the worm gear 207, and the worm 208 is rotatably installed on the vertical support 203 plate in the vertical direction. A cavity for placing the driving motor 209 is formed in the vertical support 203 plate. The number of the worm 208 and the driving motor 209 is two, which correspond to the two drilling discs 205 respectively, that is, one worm 208 and one driving motor 209 are installed on each vertical support 203 plate. The driving motor 209 drives the worm gear 207 to rotate through the worm 208, and finally drives the drilling disc 205 to rotate around the hinge shaft 206. Since the transmission mode of the worm gear 207 and the worm 208 has a self-locking function, the stability of the drilling disc 205 in any state can be ensured.

[0035] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4The front of the drilling tool 204 is provided with a discharge hole 210, and the back of the drilling tool 204 is provided with a discharge pipe 211 which is in communication with the discharge hole 210. In this embodiment, the discharge hole 210 is consistent with the thickness direction of the drilling tool 204 and penetrates through the whole drilling tool 204. The discharge pipe 211 is located on the back of the drilling tool 204 and is connected with the tail of the discharge hole 210. The discharge pipe 211 extends through the drill bit body 1 to the outside of the drill bit body 1 and is connected with an air extractor. Under the action of the air extractor, the rock debris generated during the drilling process of the drill disc 205 can quickly enter the discharge pipe 211 through the discharge hole 210 and finally be discharged to the outside of the stratum, which not only improves the drilling efficiency of the drilling tool 204, but also reduces the abrasion of the rock debris to the drilling tool 204. Since the discharge pipe 211 is a flexible pipe, the swing of the drill disc 205 can be smoothly performed.

[0036] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the drilling tool 204 is provided with a telescopic driving member 212 and a cutting knife 213. The telescopic driving member 212 is installed inside the drilling tool 204, and the cutting knife 213 is arranged along the radial direction of the drilling tool 204 and is in sliding fit with the drilling tool 204. The telescopic driving member 212 is used to drive the cutting knife 213 to reciprocate along the radial direction of the drilling tool 204, so that the cutting knife 213 extends into the inside of the drilling tool 204 and cuts the stratum sample. In this embodiment, the telescopic driving member 212 is an electric push rod, and the electric push rod and the cutting knife 213 are arranged along the radial direction of the drilling tool 204. The bottom surface of the drilling tool 204 is provided with a cavity for installing the telescopic driving member 212 and the cutting knife 213. A through hole in sliding fit with the cutting knife 213 is formed in the side wall close to the inside of the drilling tool 204. The electric push rod can drive the cutting knife 213 to reciprocate along the radial direction of the drilling tool 204, so that the end of the cutting knife 213 away from the electric push rod can extend out of the through hole and enter the inside of the drilling tool 204. One end of the cutting knife 213 is fixedly connected with the output end of the electric push rod. During the drilling process of the drilling tool 204, the telescopic driving member 212 and the cutting knife 213 are in a non-working state, and the cutting knife 213 is completely located inside the drilling tool 204. When the drilling tool 204 stops drilling and needs to cut the stratum sample, the electric push rod starts to work and pushes the cutting knife 213 to move to the inside of the drilling tool 204. At this time, the stratum sample is located inside the drilling tool 204, so the cutting knife 213 can cut the stratum sample, thereby facilitating the sampling mechanism 2 to take out the stratum sample.

[0037] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4The inside of the cutting knife 213 is provided with a jet channel 214, the outlet of the jet channel 214 is towards the inside of the drilling tool 204, and a high-pressure gas pipe 215 is installed on the cutting knife 213 and communicates with the jet channel 214. In this embodiment, the jet channel 214 is arranged in the inside of the cutting knife 213, and the outlet of the jet channel 214 is towards the inside of the drilling tool 204. The high-pressure gas pipe 215 is installed on the cutting knife 213 and communicates with the jet channel 214. The other end of the high-pressure gas pipe 215 extends to the outside of the drill bit body 1 and is connected with a high-pressure gas pump. During the cutting of the formation sample by the cutting knife 213, the high-pressure gas delivered by the high-pressure gas pump is sprayed to the formation sample through the high-pressure gas pipe 215 and the jet channel 214, and the formation sample is cut at the same time, which greatly improves the cutting efficiency of the formation sample. Since the high-pressure gas can also cut the formation sample, the length of the cutting knife 213 extending out of the drilling tool 204 can be appropriately shortened, thereby saving the installation space required by the cutting knife 213. The high-pressure gas pipe 215 is provided with a solenoid valve.

[0038] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the top surface of the horizontal support plate 202 is provided with a pressure sensor 216. In this embodiment, the pressure sensor 216 is located between the two vertical supports 203. As the drilling tool 204 continuously drills into the formation, the cylindrical formation sample formed will gradually enter the area between the two vertical supports 203 and gradually approach the pressure sensor 216. When the formation sample abuts against the pressure sensor 216, it indicates that the depth of the formation sampling reaches the requirement. The drill bit body 1 is also provided with a controller, and the pressure sensor 216, the solenoid valve and the telescopic driving member 212 are electrically connected with the controller. The pressure sensor 216 transmits a signal to the controller, and then the controller issues a command to control the telescopic driving member 212 and the jet solenoid valve to work, without manual control, realizing the automatic operation of cutting the formation sample. The driving motor 209 is also electrically connected with the controller, and the controller can control the driving motor 209 to rotate forward, reverse or stop, thereby realizing the automatic switching of the unfolded state and the folded state of the drilling tool 204.

[0039] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 8The elastic top pin 217 is installed on the vertical support 203 plate, and includes a top pin body 218, an elastic reset member 219, and a counterweight 220. A containing cavity 221 for accommodating the elastic top pin 217 is formed on the opposite side walls of the two vertical support 203 plates. A plug 222 is installed at the opening of the containing cavity 221, and a guide through hole is formed in the plug 222 for slidingly matching the top pin body 218. The elastic reset member 219 is located in the containing cavity 221, and is used to apply a force to the top pin body 218 towards the side of the plug 222. The counterweight 220 is fixedly installed at one end of the top pin body 218 inside the containing cavity 221. In this embodiment, at least one elastic top pin 217 is installed on each of the two vertical support 203 plates. The containing cavity 221 for installing the elastic top pin 217 is formed on the opposite side walls of the two vertical support 203 plates. The plug 222 is threadedly connected with the vertical support 203 plate, thereby blocking the side opening of the containing cavity 221. The guide through hole is formed in the plug 222 for slidingly matching the top pin body 218. The elastic reset member 219 is used to apply a force to the top pin body 218 towards the side of the plug 222, i.e. the elastic reset member 219 drives the top pin body 218 to move towards the inside of the drill tool 204. The counterweight 220 is installed at one end of the top pin body 218 inside the containing cavity 221. During the drilling of the drill tool 204 into the stratum, the elastic top pin 217 will rotate with the drill bit body 1, and the top pin body 218 with the counterweight 220 will move towards the inside of the containing cavity 221 under the action of centrifugal force. At this time, the top pin body 218 is completely located inside the vertical support 203 plate, and thus will not contact the stratum sample. After the drill tool 204 completes the cutting of the stratum sample, the drill bit body 1 will stop rotating, and the drill rod will pull out the drill bit from the stratum. At this time, the centrifugal force of the top pin body 218 gradually decreases and disappears, and the elastic reset member 219 drives the top pin body 218 to move towards the stratum sample between the two vertical support 203 plates under the action of its own elasticity, and finally makes the top pin body 218 abut against the side wall of the stratum sample. The two elastic top pins 217 cooperate to clamp and fix the stratum sample, so that the stratum sample can move synchronously with the sampling mechanism 2 towards the outside of the stratum.

[0040] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 8 A limiting flange 223 is sleeved on the top pin body 218, and is located in the containing cavity 221. The outer diameter of the limiting flange 223 is greater than the hole diameter of the guide through hole. In this embodiment, the limiting flange 223 is threadedly connected with the top pin body 218, thereby facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the limiting flange 223. Since the outer diameter of the limiting flange 223 is greater than the hole diameter of the guide through hole, the limiting flange 223 can limit the top pin body 218, thereby effectively preventing the top pin body 218 from being pulled out of the containing cavity 221.

[0041] In some embodiments, referring toFigure 8 The elastic reset member 219 is a compression spring, one end of which abuts against the side wall of the accommodating cavity 221, and the other end of which is sleeved outside the top pin body 218 and the weight 220 and abuts against the limiting flange 223. In this embodiment, the one end of the compression spring is sleeved outside the top pin body 218 and the weight 220, which can effectively prevent the compression spring from being greatly twisted and deformed when being compressed, and can also avoid the compression spring from being separated from the top pin body 218.

[0042] The above merely describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, and any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A roller cone drill bit for geological exploration, characterized by, The utility model relates to a drilling head body, one end is connected with drill pipe, the other end is equipped with recess cavity, the outer periphery of recess cavity is equipped with a plurality of cone, the center of recess cavity is equipped with sampling channel along the axial direction of drilling head body, the lateral wall of sampling channel is equipped with slide rail, the axial direction of drilling head body is arranged, sampling mechanism is located in sampling channel, sampling mechanism slidingly installs on slide rail, and driving device is fixedly installed in sampling channel for driving sampling mechanism reciprocating motion along the axial direction of drilling head body. The driving device drives the sampling mechanism to move in the sampling channel along the axial direction of the drilling head body, so that the sampling mechanism protrudes out of the sampling channel and protrudes out of the cone; the sampling mechanism rotates under the driving of the drilling head body, drills into the formation and takes out the formation sample; The sampling mechanism comprises a horizontal slide rod, a horizontal support plate, two vertical support plates and a drilling tool. The horizontal slide rod and the horizontal support plate are perpendicular to the axial direction of the drilling head body, and the vertical support plates are parallel to the axial direction of the drilling head body. The end of the horizontal slide rod is provided with a sliding block in sliding cooperation with the slide rail, the horizontal support plate is fixedly connected with the slide rod and is perpendicular to the slide rod, the two vertical support plates are fixedly installed at the two ends of the horizontal support plate in the length direction, the drilling tool is in the shape of a circular ring, the drilling tool is fixedly installed at one end of the vertical support plate close to the outlet of the sampling channel, and the vertical support plate is located within the projection range of the drilling tool. The drilling tool comprises two drill discs which are in the shape of a semicircular ring and are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the vertical support plate. The two ends of the drill disc are provided with hinge shafts which are hingedly connected with the two vertical support plates respectively, the hinge shafts are fixedly connected with the drill disc, a worm wheel is fixedly installed on the hinge shaft, a worm gear and a driving motor are installed on the vertical support plate, the worm gear is located between the two drill discs and is in transmission cooperation with the worm wheels on the two drill discs, and the driving motor is used for driving the worm gear to rotate.

2. A roller cone drill bit for geological exploration as claimed in claim 1, wherein, A discharge hole is formed in the front surface of the drilling tool, and a discharge pipe is installed on the back surface of the drilling tool in communication with the discharge hole.

3. A roller cone drill bit for geological exploration as claimed in claim 1, wherein, A telescopic driving member and a cutting knife are installed on the drilling tool.

4. A roller cone drill bit for geological exploration as claimed in claim 3, wherein, An air injection channel is arranged in the cutting knife, the outlet of the air injection channel faces the inside of the drilling tool, and a high-pressure air pipe is installed on the cutting knife in communication with the air injection channel.

5. A roller cone drill bit for geological exploration as defined in claim 1 wherein, A pressure sensor is arranged on the top surface of the horizontal support plate.

6. A roller cone drill bit for geological exploration as defined in claim 1, wherein, The vertical support plate is provided with an elastic top pin, which comprises a top pin body, an elastic reset member and a counterweight; opposite side walls of the two vertical support plates are provided with accommodating cavities for accommodating the elastic top pin, and the accommodating cavities are provided with plugs at openings thereof, and the plugs are provided with guide through holes for sliding cooperation with the top pin body; the elastic reset member is located in the accommodating cavity and is used for applying a force to the top pin body towards the side of the plug; and the counterweight is fixedly installed at one end of the top pin body inside the accommodating cavity.

7. A roller cone drill bit for geological exploration as claimed in claim 6 wherein, A limiting flange is sleeved on the top pin body, the limiting flange is located in the accommodating cavity, and the outer diameter of the limiting flange is greater than the hole diameter of the guide through hole.

8. A roller cone drill bit for geological exploration as claimed in claim 7, wherein, The elastic reset member is a compression spring, one end of the compression spring abuts against the side wall of the accommodating cavity, the other end of the compression spring is sleeved on the outside of the top pin body and the counterweight and abuts against the limiting flange.

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