A high-speed detection experimental device and method for track defects based on motional eddy currents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a high-speed detection experimental device and method for track defects based on motional eddy currents, which includes an AC motor, an experimental sensor, an experimental precision adjustment device, a carrier table, a first and a second sliding table, a first and a second sliding mechanism, and a computer; a test specimen to be detected is installed on the output shaft of the AC motor; the experimental sensor is fixed on the experimental precision adjustment device, and its detection position corresponds to the experimental specimen. The experimental precision adjustment device is arranged on the carrier table, and the carrier table is slidably arranged on the first sliding table along the radial direction of the output shaft of the AC motor through the first sliding mechanism; the first sliding table is slidably arranged on the second sliding table along the axial direction of the output shaft of the AC motor through the second sliding mechanism. The AC motor, the experimental sensor, and the first and second sliding mechanisms are respectively connected to the computer through a control and acquisition device. The present invention is applicable to high-speed defect detection with different speeds, different types of defects, different lift-off distances, different detection precisions and ranges, and can meet the experimental requirements of most high-speed defect detections.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-speed defect detection experimental devices, and particularly relates to a high-speed detection experimental device and method for track defects based on motional eddy currents. Background Art

[0002] Rail transit and transportation play a crucial role in social life. The development of tracks (railways and subways) is closely related to the development of social economy. With the rapid development of rail transit, rail accidents occur frequently, which puts forward higher requirements for track detection to ensure the safe operation of trains. As the most core component of the track system, the main function of the track is to ensure the operation of the train under its guidance. Due to factors such as the weight and speed of the train, the track bears variable loads for a long time, and the track environment is harsh. Under the long-term external natural environment, the track will undergo fatigue damage and various obvious defects. Track defects will have a huge impact on the stability and safety of the train. If the track is not maintained in time, as the defects intensify, serious accidents may occur, endangering social property and lives.

[0003] Track safety is related to economic development and social stability. Therefore, early rail defects should be nipped in the bud, detected and repaired in time to avoid the further expansion of defects. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-speed detection experimental device and method for track defects based on motional eddy currents to meet various detection requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-speed detection experimental device and method for track defects based on motional eddy currents.

[0005] The present invention discloses a high-speed detection experimental device for track defects based on motional eddy currents, including: an AC motor, an experimental sensor, an experimental precision adjustment device, a stage, a first slide, a second slide, a first sliding mechanism, a second sliding mechanism, and a computer;

[0006] The output shaft end of the AC motor is fixedly installed with an experimental specimen to be detected;

[0007] The experimental sensor is fixed on the experimental precision adjustment device, and the detection position of the experimental sensor corresponds to the experimental specimen. The experimental precision adjustment device is arranged on the stage, and the stage is slidably installed on the first slide along the radial direction of the output shaft of the AC motor through the first sliding mechanism;

[0008] The first slide is slidably installed on the second slide along the axial direction of the output shaft of the AC motor through the second sliding mechanism;

[0009] The AC motor drives the experimental specimen to rotate. The first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism drive the experimental precision adjustment device to move so as to adjust the detection position and the detection lift-off distance of the experimental sensor. The experimental precision adjustment device is used to adjust the detection precision of the experimental sensor;

[0010] The AC motor, the experimental sensor, the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism are respectively connected to the computer through a control and acquisition unit.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present invention, an experimental cabinet is further included. The experimental cabinet is a support structure for the experimental device;

[0012] One end of the AC motor is fixed to the experimental cabinet through a motor bracket, and the second slide is arranged at the other end of the experimental cabinet along the axial direction of the output shaft of the AC motor;

[0013] The first slide is arranged along the radial direction of the output shaft of the AC motor, and is slidably mounted on the second slide along the axial direction of the output shaft of the AC motor through the second sliding mechanism.

[0014] As a further improvement of the present invention, the first sliding mechanism includes a first sliding guide rail, a first ball screw and a first servo motor;

[0015] Two first sliding guide rails are respectively arranged on both sides of the first slide. The first ball screw is placed between the two first sliding guide rails and is arranged in the same direction as the first sliding guide rails. One end of the screw of the first ball screw is connected to the first servo motor, and the other end is connected to a bearing block;

[0016] Both sides of the bottom of the stage are slidably mounted on the two first sliding guide rails, and the middle of the bottom of the stage is connected to the nut of the first ball screw;

[0017] The first servo motor is connected to the computer through a control and acquisition unit.

[0018] As a further improvement of the present invention, the second sliding mechanism includes a second sliding guide rail, a second ball screw and a second servo motor;

[0019] Two second sliding guide rails are respectively arranged on both sides of the second slide. The second ball screw is placed between the two second sliding guide rails and is arranged in the same direction as the second sliding guide rails. One end of the screw of the second ball screw is connected to the second servo motor, and the other end is connected to a bearing block;

[0020] Both sides of the bottom of the first sliding table are slidably mounted on the two second sliding guide rails, and the middle of the bottom of the first sliding table is connected to the nut of the second ball screw;

[0021] The second servo motor is connected to the computer through a control and acquisition device.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, the experimental sensor includes an array coil, a rectangular magnet, a sensor housing and a polygonal fixed end. The array coil is composed of detection coils arranged side by side in an array. The array coil is fixed in the middle of one side of the rectangular magnet. The rectangular magnet and the array coil are fixed on the sensor housing;

[0023] The sensor housing is fixed to the polygonal fixed end, and the cross-section of the polygonal fixed end is a polygonal structure;

[0024] The experimental precision adjustment device is provided with sensor fastening bolt holes. The polygonal fixed end is fixed in the sensor fastening bolt holes. By adjusting the relative angle of the polygonal fixed end relative to the sensor fastening bolt holes, the number of detection coils of the array coil relative to the moving direction of the experimental specimen is adjusted, so as to realize the adjustment of the detection precision of the experimental sensor for the experimental specimen.

[0025] As a further improvement of the present invention, detection precision indication scales are engraved on the edges of the sensor fastening bolt holes of the experimental precision adjustment device, and detection precision indication arrows are arranged on the end faces of the polygonal fixed ends. By adjusting the detection precision indication scales corresponding to the detection precision indication arrows, the detection precision of the experimental sensor for the experimental specimen is adjusted.

[0026] As a further improvement of the present invention, the experimental sensor further includes a lift-off distance scale. The lift-off distance scale is arranged on the edge of the rectangular magnet close to the experimental specimen. The lift-off distance scale is used to measure the lift-off distance between the array coil of the experimental sensor and the experimental specimen;

[0027] The lift-off distance scale includes a sliding scale and a scale slot. The sliding scale is embedded in the scale slot. An indication arrow is arranged on the sliding scale. When the front end of the sliding scale is aligned with the edge of the experimental sensor, the indication arrow corresponds to the zero scale of the scale slot;

[0028] When the sliding scale is slid until the front end of the sliding scale contacts the experimental specimen, the scale of the scale slot corresponding to the indication arrow is the lift-off distance between the experimental sensor and the experimental specimen.

[0029] The present invention also discloses a high-speed detection experiment method for track defects based on motional eddy currents, which is implemented based on the above experimental device and includes:

[0030] Adjust the rotational speed of the AC motor to simulate different detection speeds for the experimental specimen;

[0031] Adjust the rotation amount of the first servo motor to drive the stage to drive the experimental sensor to move, so as to realize the adjustment of the detection position between the experimental sensor and the experimental specimen;

[0032] Adjust the rotation amount of the second servo motor to drive the first sliding table to drive the experimental sensor to move, so as to realize the adjustment of the lift-off distance between the experimental sensor and the experimental specimen;

[0033] Adjust the angle of the experimental sensor relative to the experimental precision adjustment device to realize the adjustment of the detection precision of the experimental sensor for the experimental specimen.

[0034] As a further improvement of the present invention, adjusting the rotation amount of the second servo motor to drive the first sliding table to drive the experimental sensor to move, so as to realize the adjustment of the lift-off distance between the experimental sensor and the experimental specimen, specifically includes:

[0035] Observe the lift-off distance corresponding to the scale of the scale card slot corresponding to the indicating arrow when the front end of the sliding scale of the lift-off distance scale contacts the experimental specimen;

[0036] According to the corresponding lift-off distance, adjust the rotation direction and rotation amount of the second servo motor to adjust the lift-off distance to the required experimental position.

[0037] As a further improvement of the present invention, adjusting the angle of the experimental sensor relative to the experimental precision adjustment device to realize the adjustment of the detection precision of the experimental sensor for the experimental specimen, specifically includes:

[0038] Observe the detection precision indicating scale corresponding to the detection precision indicating arrow on the end face of the polygonal fixed end of the experimental sensor;

[0039] According to the detection precision indicating scale, rotate the experimental sensor until the detection precision indicating arrow reaches the required detection precision.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0041] The present invention can achieve the flexible adjustment of the experimental device by setting an AC motor, an experimental sensor, an experimental precision adjustment device, a stage, a first slide, a second slide, a first sliding mechanism, and a second sliding mechanism. The rotational speed of the AC motor can be adjusted to simulate different speeds of the experimental specimen, and various detection conditions can be achieved by adjusting the first sliding mechanism, the second sliding mechanism, and the experimental precision adjustment device, so as to finely adjust the lift-off, precision, speed, etc.

[0042] In the present invention, the AC motor, the experimental sensor, the first sliding mechanism, and the second sliding mechanism are respectively connected to the computer through a control and collector, so as to synchronously control the motor and acquisition to meet the experimental synchronization requirements. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0043] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental device for high-speed detection of track defects based on motional eddy currents disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the experimental precision adjustment device of the experimental device for high-speed detection of track defects based on motional eddy currents disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the experimental sensor of the experimental device for high-speed detection of track defects based on motional eddy currents disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure:

[0047] 1. fastening bolt; 2. AC motor; 3. motor fastening bolt; 4. motor bracket; 5. experimental cabinet; 6. second servo motor; 7. aluminum alloy plum blossom coupling; 8. second sliding guide rail; 9. first bearing seat; 10. screw of the second ball screw; 11. nut of the first ball screw; 12. first sliding guide rail; 13. stage; 14. aluminum alloy plum blossom coupling; 15. first servo motor; 16. screw of the first ball screw; 17. experimental precision adjustment device; 18. second bearing seat; 19. sensor fastening bolt; 20. ball bearing; 21. experimental sensor; 22. third bearing seat; 23. experimental specimen defect; 24. experimental specimen; 25. test fastening bolt and gasket; 26. motor junction box; 27. second slide; 28. detection precision indicating scale; 29. sensor fastening bolt hole; 30. array coil; 31. rectangular magnet; 32. detection precision indicating arrow; 33. lift-off distance scale; 34. polygonal fixed end; 35. sensor housing; 36. computer; 37. control and collector. Detailed Embodiments

[0048] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part rather than all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0049] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0051] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0052] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention provides a high-speed detection experimental device for track defects based on motional eddy currents, including: an AC motor 2, an experimental sensor 21, an experimental precision adjustment device 17, a stage 13, a first slide, a second slide 27, a first sliding mechanism, a second sliding mechanism, and a computer 36;

[0053] A to-be-detected experimental specimen 24 is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the AC motor 2. Multiple experimental specimen defects 23 are provided on the experimental specimen 24 in the present invention;

[0054] The experimental sensor 21 is fixed on the experimental precision adjustment device 17, and the detection position of the experimental sensor corresponds to the experimental specimen. The experimental precision adjustment device 17 is arranged on the stage 13. The stage 13 is slidably mounted on the first sliding table along the radial direction of the output shaft of the AC motor 2 through the first sliding mechanism; the first sliding table is slidably mounted on the second sliding table 27 along the axial direction of the output shaft of the AC motor 2 through the second sliding mechanism; the AC motor 2 drives the experimental specimen 24 to rotate. The first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism drive the experimental precision adjustment device 17 to move so as to adjust the detection position and the detection lift-off distance of the experimental sensor 21. The experimental precision adjustment device 17 is used to adjust the detection precision of the experimental sensor 21;

[0055] The AC motor 2, the experimental sensor 21, the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism are respectively connected to the computer 36 through the control and collector 37.

[0056] Specifically:

[0057] As Figure 1 shown, the present invention further includes an experimental cabinet 5. The experimental cabinet 5 is a support structure of the experimental device; one end of the AC motor 2 is fixed on the experimental cabinet 5 through the motor bracket 4. During actual installation, the base of the AC motor 2 is detachably mounted on the motor bracket 4 through the fastening bolt 1 and the motor fastening bolt 3. One end of the bottom of the motor bracket 4 is fixedly mounted on the experimental cabinet 5. The second sliding table 27 is arranged at the other end of the experimental cabinet 5 along the axial direction of the output shaft of the AC motor 2; the first sliding table is arranged along the radial direction of the output shaft of the AC motor 2 and is slidably mounted on the second sliding table 27 along the axial direction of the output shaft of the AC motor 2 through the second sliding mechanism.

[0058] Furthermore, the experimental cabinet 5 in the present invention is fixed on the ground through the anchor bolts to prevent the experimental cabinet 5 from moving due to the rotation of the AC motor 2. The AC motor 2 in the present invention adopts a high-power AC motor.

[0059] Furthermore, the AC motor 2 and the experimental specimen 24 are connected through the test fastening bolts and the gasket 25. The AC motor 2 drives the experimental specimen 24 to rotate at a high speed. The test rotation speed is adjusted by adjusting the motor junction box 26 to meet different detection requirements. The detection lift-off distance is adjusted by controlling the second sliding mechanism, the detection position is adjusted by the first sliding mechanism, and different detection requirements can be achieved by controlling the first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism. The operation of the entire experimental bench is jointly controlled by the computer (36) and the control and collector 37.

[0060] Furthermore, the first sliding mechanism in the present invention includes a first sliding guide rail 12, a first ball screw and a first servo motor 15;

[0061] Two first sliding guide rails 12 are respectively arranged on both sides of the first sliding table. The first ball screw is placed between the two first sliding guide rails 12 and is arranged in the same direction as the first sliding guide rails 12. One end of the screw 16 of the first ball screw is connected to the output shaft of the first servo motor 15 through a bearing block and an aluminum alloy plum blossom coupling 14, and the other end is connected to a second bearing block 18. A ball bearing 20 is arranged in the second bearing block 18;

[0062] Both sides of the bottom of the load platform 13 are slidably installed on the two first sliding guide rails 12. The middle part of the bottom of the load platform 13 is connected to the nut 11 of the first ball screw, so as to drive the nut 11 of the first ball screw to act through the first servo motor 15, and then drive the load platform 13 to slide horizontally on the first sliding table; The first servo motor 15 is connected to the computer 36 through the control and acquisition device 37.

[0063] Furthermore, the second sliding mechanism in the present invention includes a second sliding guide rail 8, a second ball screw and a second servo motor 6;

[0064] Two second sliding guide rails 8 are respectively arranged on both sides of the second sliding table 27. The second ball screw is placed between the two second sliding guide rails 8 and is arranged in the same direction as the second sliding guide rails 8. One end of the screw 10 of the second ball screw is connected to the output shaft of the second servo motor 6 through a first bearing block 9 and an aluminum alloy plum blossom coupling 7, and the other end is connected to a third bearing block 22; Both sides of the bottom of the first sliding table are slidably installed on the two second sliding guide rails 8. The middle part of the bottom of the first sliding table is connected to the nut of the second ball screw, so as to drive the nut of the second ball screw to act through the second servo motor 6, and then drive the first sliding table to slide axially forward and backward along the output shaft of the AC motor 2 on the second sliding table; The second servo motor 6 is connected to the computer 36 through the control and acquisition device 37.

[0065] As Figure 3 shown, the experimental sensor 21 in the present invention includes an array coil 30, a rectangular magnet 31, a sensor housing 35 and a polygonal fixed end 34. The array coil 30 is composed of detection coils arranged in an array. The array coil 30 is fixed in the middle of one side of the rectangular magnet 31. The rectangular magnet 31 and the array coil 30 are fixedly glued to the sensor housing 35 with glue;

[0066] The sensor housing 35 is fixed to the polygonal fixed end 34, and the cross-section of the polygonal fixed end 34 is a polygonal structure; the experimental precision adjustment device 17 is provided with a sensor fastening bolt hole 29, and the polygonal fixed end 34 is fixed in the sensor fastening bolt hole 29. By adjusting the relative angle of the polygonal fixed end 34 relative to the sensor fastening bolt hole 29, the number of detection coils of the array coil 30 relative to the movement direction of the experimental specimen is adjusted, so as to realize the adjustment of the detection precision of the experimental sensor 21 for the experimental specimen 24. In the present invention, the cross-section of the polygonal fixed end 34 is designed as a polygon, which can increase the contact area during clamping, increase the clamping force, and also facilitate the adjustment of the fixing angle. The polygonal fixed end 34 in the present invention is preferably an 18-sided polygon, and each rotation of one grid can adjust 20 degrees. The detection precision indicating arrow 32 indicates the current detection precision. The front end of the lift-off distance scale 33 contacts the experimental specimen 24, and the lift-off distance of the detection is obtained by observing the arrow indication on the lift-off distance scale 33.

[0067] As Figure 2 shown, on the edge of the sensor fastening bolt hole 29 of the experimental precision adjustment device 17 in the present invention, a detection precision indicating scale 28 is engraved, and a detection precision indicating arrow 32 is provided on the end face of the polygonal fixed end 34. By adjusting the detection precision indicating scale 28 corresponding to the detection precision indicating arrow 32, the detection precision of the experimental sensor 21 for the experimental specimen 24 is adjusted.

[0068] Furthermore, the experimental sensor 21 in the present invention further includes a lift-off distance scale 33. The lift-off distance scale 33 is arranged on one side edge of the rectangular magnet 31 close to the experimental specimen 24. The lift-off distance scale 33 is used to measure the lift-off distance between the array coil 30 of the experimental sensor 21 and the experimental specimen 24;

[0069] Furthermore, the lift-off distance scale in the present invention includes a sliding scale 33 and a scale slot. The sliding scale 33 is embedded in the scale slot. An indicating arrow is provided on the sliding scale 33. When the front end of the sliding scale 33 is aligned with the edge of the experimental sensor 21, the indicating arrow corresponds to the zero scale of the scale slot; when the sliding scale 33 is slid until the front end of the sliding scale 33 contacts the experimental specimen 24, the scale of the scale slot corresponding to the indicating arrow is the lift-off distance between the experimental sensor 21 and the experimental specimen 24.

[0070] Furthermore, the experimental sensor 21 and the experimental precision adjustment device 17 in the present invention are connected by a sensor fastening bolt 19, and the detection precision indicating scale 28 is non-uniformly distributed. The principle is as follows: by rotating the experimental sensor 21, at different angles, within a certain detection range, the number of detection coils along the movement direction of the experimental specimen 24 is different, so as to achieve the effect of adjusting the detection precision. The precision calculation formula is as follows:

[0071] Precision A = L / N * cosθ

[0072] Where A is the detection precision in millimeters, L is the maximum detection range in millimeters, and N is the number of array coils 30.

[0073] Furthermore, the detection precision indicating arrow 32 is adapted to the depicted detection precision indicating scale 28. The detection precision indicated by the scale 28 pointed to by the detection precision indicating arrow 32 is the detection precision of the current experimental sensor 21 for the experimental specimen 24. By adjusting the detection precision indicating scale 28 corresponding to the detection precision indicating arrow 32, the detection precision of the experimental sensor 21 for the experimental specimen 24 is adjusted. For example, the depicted precisions are 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, the lowest detection precision is 3mm, and the highest detection precision is 1mm. After the experimental sensor 21 adjusts the angle corresponding to the detection precision, the experimental sensor 21 and the experimental precision adjustment device 17 are fixed through the sensor fastening bolt holes 29.

[0074] The present invention also discloses a high-speed detection experiment method for track defects based on motional eddy current. This experiment method is implemented based on the above experimental device and includes:

[0075] Adjust the rotation speed of the AC motor 2 to simulate different detection speeds for the experimental specimen 24;

[0076] Adjust the rotation amount of the first servo motor 15 to drive the carrier table 13 to drive the experimental sensor 21 to move, so as to adjust the detection position between the experimental sensor 21 and the experimental specimen 24;

[0077] Adjust the rotation amount of the second servo motor 6 to drive the first sliding table to drive the experimental sensor to move, so as to adjust the lift-off distance between the experimental sensor 21 and the experimental specimen 24;

[0078] Adjust the angle of the experimental sensor 21 relative to the experimental precision adjustment device 17 to adjust the detection precision of the experimental sensor 21 for the experimental specimen 24.

[0079] Furthermore, in the present invention, adjusting the rotation amount of the second servo motor 6 to drive the first sliding table to drive the experimental sensor 21 to move, so as to adjust the lift-off distance between the experimental sensor 21 and the experimental specimen 24 specifically includes:

[0080] Observe the lift-off distance corresponding to the scale of the scale card slot indicated by the indicator arrow when the front end of the sliding scale of the lift-off distance scale 33 contacts the experimental specimen 24;

[0081] According to the corresponding lift-off distance, adjust the rotation direction and rotation amount of the second servo motor 6 to adjust the lift-off distance to the required experimental position.

[0082] Further, the angle of the adjustment experiment sensor 21 relative to the experiment precision adjustment device 17 in the present invention is adjusted to realize the adjustment of the detection precision of the experiment sensor 21 for the experiment specimen 24, which specifically includes:

[0083] Observe the detection precision indication scale 28 corresponding to the detection precision indication arrow on the end face of the polygonal fixed end 34 of the experiment sensor 21;

[0084] According to the detection precision indication scale 28, rotate the experiment sensor 21 until the detection precision indication arrow 32 reaches the required detection precision.

[0085] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for high-speed detection of track defects based on motional eddy currents, characterized in that, Comprising: An alternating current motor, an experimental sensor, an experimental precision adjusting device, a stage, a first slide, a second slide, a first sliding mechanism, a second sliding mechanism, and a computer; An experimental specimen to be detected is fixedly installed at the end of the output shaft of the alternating current motor; The experimental sensor is fixed on the experimental precision adjusting device, and the detection position of the experimental sensor corresponds to the experimental specimen. The experimental precision adjusting device is arranged on the stage, and the stage is slidably installed on the first slide along the radial direction of the output shaft of the alternating current motor through the first sliding mechanism; The first slide is slidably installed on the second slide along the axial direction of the output shaft of the alternating current motor through the second sliding mechanism; The alternating current motor drives the experimental specimen to rotate. The first sliding mechanism and the second sliding mechanism drive the experimental precision adjusting device to move to adjust the detection position and detection lift-off distance of the experimental sensor. The experimental precision adjusting device is used to adjust the detection precision of the experimental sensor; The alternating current motor, the experimental sensor, the first sliding mechanism, and the second sliding mechanism are respectively connected to the computer through a control and acquisition unit; It further includes an experimental cabinet, and the experimental cabinet is a support structure for the experimental device; One end of the alternating current motor is fixed to the experimental cabinet through a motor bracket, and the second slide is arranged at the other end of the experimental cabinet along the axial direction of the output shaft of the alternating current motor; The first slide is arranged along the radial direction of the output shaft of the alternating current motor and is slidably installed on the second slide along the axial direction of the output shaft of the alternating current motor through the second sliding mechanism; The experimental sensor includes an array coil, a rectangular magnet, a sensor housing, and a polygonal fixed end. The array coil is composed of detection coils arranged in an array. The array coil is fixed in the middle of one side of the rectangular magnet, and the rectangular magnet and the array coil are fixed on the sensor housing; The sensor housing is fixed to the polygonal fixed end, and the cross-section of the polygonal fixed end is a polygonal structure; Sensor fastening bolt holes are arranged on the experimental precision adjusting device. The polygonal fixed end is fixed in the sensor fastening bolt holes. By adjusting the relative angle of the polygonal fixed end with respect to the sensor fastening bolt holes, the number of detection coils of the array coil in the movement direction of the experimental specimen is adjusted, so as to realize the adjustment of the detection precision of the experimental sensor for the experimental specimen.

2. The high-speed detection experimental device for track defects based on motional eddy currents according to claim 1, wherein the first sliding mechanism includes a first sliding guide rail, a first ball screw, and a first servo motor; Two of the first sliding guide rails are respectively arranged on both sides of the first slide. The first ball screw is placed between the two first sliding guide rails and is arranged in the same direction as the first sliding guide rail. One end of the screw of the first ball screw is connected to the first servo motor, and the other end is connected to a bearing block; Both sides of the bottom of the stage are slidably installed on the two first sliding guide rails, and the middle of the bottom of the stage is connected to the nut of the first ball screw; The first servo motor is connected to the computer through a control and acquisition device.

3. The experimental device for high-speed detection of track defects based on motional eddy current according to claim 2, wherein the second sliding mechanism includes a second sliding guide rail, a second ball screw, and a second servo motor; The two second sliding guide rails are respectively arranged on both sides of the second sliding table. The second ball screw is placed between the two second sliding guide rails and is arranged in the same direction as the second sliding guide rails. One end of the screw rod of the second ball screw is connected to the second servo motor, and the other end is connected with a bearing block; Both sides of the bottom of the first sliding table are slidably mounted on the two second sliding guide rails, and the middle of the bottom of the first sliding table is connected to the nut of the second ball screw; The second servo motor is connected to the computer through a control and acquisition device.

4. The high-speed detection experimental device for track defects based on motional eddy current according to claim 1, characterized in that, On the edge of the sensor fastening bolt hole of the experimental precision adjustment device, a detection precision indication scale is engraved, and a detection precision indication arrow is arranged on the end face of the polygonal fixed end. By adjusting the detection precision indication scale corresponding to the detection precision indication arrow, the detection precision of the experimental sensor for the experimental specimen is adjusted.

5. The high-speed detection experimental device for track defects based on motional eddy currents according to claim 1, wherein The experimental sensor further includes a lift-off distance scale, and the lift-off distance scale is arranged on one side edge of the rectangular magnet close to the experimental specimen. The lift-off distance scale is used to measure the lift-off distance between the array coil of the experimental sensor and the experimental specimen; The lift-off distance scale includes a sliding scale and a scale slot. The sliding scale is embedded in the scale slot. An indication arrow is arranged on the sliding scale. When the front end of the sliding scale is aligned with the edge of the experimental sensor, the indication arrow corresponds to the zero scale of the scale slot; When the sliding scale is slid until the front end of the sliding scale contacts the experimental specimen, the scale of the scale slot corresponding to the indication arrow is the lift-off distance between the experimental sensor and the experimental specimen.

6. A high-speed detection experimental method for track defects based on motional eddy current, which is implemented based on the experimental device described in claim 5, and is characterized in that Including: Adjusting the rotation speed of the AC motor to simulate different detection speeds for the experimental specimen; Adjusting the rotation amount of the first servo motor to drive the stage to drive the experimental sensor to move, so as to realize the adjustment of the detection position between the experimental sensor and the experimental specimen; Adjusting the rotation amount of the second servo motor to drive the first sliding table to drive the experimental sensor to move, so as to realize the adjustment of the lift-off distance between the experimental sensor and the experimental specimen; Adjusting the angle of the experimental sensor relative to the experimental precision adjustment device to realize the adjustment of the detection precision of the experimental sensor for the experimental specimen.

7. The experimental method for high-speed detection of track defects based on motional eddy currents according to claim 6, characterized in that, Adjusting the rotation amount of the second servo motor to drive the first sliding table to drive the experimental sensor to move, so as to realize the adjustment of the lift-off distance between the experimental sensor and the experimental specimen, specifically including: Observing the lift-off distance corresponding to the scale of the scale slot corresponding to the indication arrow when the front end of the sliding scale of the lift-off distance scale contacts the experimental specimen; According to the corresponding lift-off distance, adjusting the rotation direction and rotation amount of the second servo motor to adjust the lift-off distance to the required experimental position.

8. The experimental method for high-speed detection of track defects based on motional eddy currents according to claim 6, characterized in that Adjust the angle of the experimental sensor relative to the experimental precision adjustment device to achieve the adjustment of the detection precision of the experimental sensor for the experimental specimen, specifically including: Observe the detection precision indication scale corresponding to the detection precision indication arrow on the end face of the polygonal fixed end of the experimental sensor; Rotate the experimental sensor according to the detection precision indication scale until the detection precision indication arrow reaches the required detection precision.

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