Chip breaker, insert with chip breaker, and reamer

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of polycrystalline diamond tools, and in particular to a chip breaker, a blade with a chip breaker, and a reamer, which comprises a chip breaker surface and a plurality of chip breaker strips arranged in parallel on the chip breaker surface, wherein the plurality of chip breaker strips are stepped along the discharge direction of the chips, and the length direction of the chip breaker strips is arranged at an angle to the discharge direction of the chips. In the present application, the chip breaker groove can cause the chips to break when being discharged, and reduce the phenomenon of the chips wrapping around the tool, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the roughness of the hole wall and reducing the damage to the tool.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of polycrystalline diamond cutting tools, in particular to a chip breaker, a blade with the chip breaker and a reamer. Background Art

[0002] With the increase in the use of new energy vehicles, aluminum alloys (especially 6-series aluminum alloys) have been widely used in the manufacture of automotive parts due to their light weight and easy recycling. At present, 6-series aluminum alloy automotive parts are mainly processed using PCD tools. PCD is a diamond intergrowth formed by sintering 1-30 micron diamond powder and catalytic cobalt. It has the characteristics of high hardness, high compressive strength, good thermal conductivity and wear resistance. It can achieve higher processing accuracy and processing efficiency in high-speed cutting, so it is often used to manufacture cutting tools, such as PCD milling cutters, PCD reamers, PCD drills, etc.

[0003] Due to the good plasticity of 6 series aluminum alloy, it is difficult to break chips during processing, which has a certain impact on the processing of parts, especially when reaming parts. The chips are thinner and the aluminum chips removed are not broken. They are very easy to wrap around the reamer. The aluminum chips wrapped around the reamer rotate with the reamer, which will scratch the hole wall and make the hole wall rougher. The roughness Ra of the hole wall after processing is as high as 0.36. At the same time, the aluminum chips wrapped around the reamer may also cause damage to the tool, shorten its life, and even break the blade. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a chip breaker groove, which can break the chips when they are discharged, reduce the phenomenon of chips wrapping around the tool, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the roughness of the hole wall and reducing damage to the tool.

[0005] A chip breaker provided in this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A chip breaker groove comprises a chip breaking surface and a plurality of chip breaking strips arranged in parallel on the chip breaking surface. The plurality of chip breaking strips are stepped along the chip discharge direction, and the length direction of the chip breaking strips is arranged at an angle to the chip discharge direction.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the chip breaker groove can cause the chips to break during the discharge process, reducing the phenomenon of chips wrapping around the tool, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the roughness of the hole wall and reducing damage to the tool.

[0008] Optionally, the length direction of the chip breaking strip is perpendicular to the chip discharge direction.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, the extrusion force when the chips collide with the chip breaking strip is greater and the breaking effect is better.

[0010] Optionally, the plurality of chip breaking strips are arranged in an upward stepped shape along the direction of chip discharge.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, as the cutting proceeds, the chips are discharged in a spiral shape and continuously, and the chip breaking strips arranged in a stepped manner create obstacles on the chip discharge trajectory. The chips are in constant contact with the chip breaking strips, which can make the chips break more thoroughly; and, because the steps formed by the chip breaking strips are upward, the chips will be squeezed on the chip breaking strips when they are discharged, further enhancing the breaking effect.

[0012] The present application also provides a blade with a chip breaker groove, comprising the chip breaker groove, wherein the chip discharge direction is perpendicular to the main cutting edge of the blade, and the chip breaker groove is arranged close to the main cutting edge of the blade.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the main cutting edge plays a major cutting role, and the chips generated by cutting can be directly discharged to the chip breaker groove for breaking.

[0014] Optionally, the chip breaking surface forms an angle a with the rake face of the blade, and the angle a is in the range of 10-15°.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the chip discharge can squeeze the chip breaking strip, which is beneficial to breaking. At the same time, the chip discharge is less hindered, which can reduce the possibility of chip accumulation in the chip breaker groove.

[0016] The present application also provides a reamer, comprising a tool body and at least one blade, wherein the blade is mounted on the tool body.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the reamer can break the generated chips when working, reduce the phenomenon of chips wrapping around the tool, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the roughness of the hole wall and reducing damage to the tool.

[0018] Optionally, the tool body is provided with a chip groove, the chip groove comprises a first side wall and a second side wall arranged to intersect, the second side wall is provided with a tool groove, the blade is embedded in the tool groove, the first side wall is provided with a side cooling hole, and the side cooling hole is arranged toward the main cutting edge of the blade.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the side cooling hole can be used to spray coolant to cool the main cutting edge and reduce the temperature of the main cutting edge and the processed part.

[0020] Optionally, a cooling channel is formed between the side cooling hole and the main cutting edge, and the cooling channel has a first chip zone and a second chip zone on both sides, the first chip zone is arranged close to the axis of the tool body, and the second chip zone is arranged away from the axis of the tool body; the first chip zone is provided with a first air hole group, and the first air hole group is used to make the chips in the first chip zone cross the cooling channel and move to the second chip zone.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, since the chip breaker groove is set at the position of the main cutting edge, the chips are discharged along the chip breaker groove before they break, and fragments are formed after the chips break. The coolant is sprayed out from the side cooling hole, which can impact the chips so that the chips are located in the first chip area and the second chip area respectively; the chips located in the second chip area can be discharged outward along the chip discharge groove, and the chips located in the first chip area are easily blocked by the cooling channel formed by the coolant and accumulate in the second chip area. The wind sprayed from the first air hole group can lift the chips in the first chip area and move them to the second chip area, so that the discharge is more convenient.

[0022] Optionally, the first air hole group includes an inclined hole 1 and an inclined hole 2, wherein the inclined hole 1 is arranged on the first side wall, and the inclined hole 2 is arranged on the second side wall, and both the inclined hole 1 and the inclined hole 2 are arranged toward the cooling channel.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the inclined hole 1 and the inclined hole 2 can provide forces in at least two directions for the chips in the first chip zone, thereby making it easier for the chips to pass through the cooling channel and enter the second chip zone.

[0024] Optionally, a second air hole group is arranged on the side of the tool body close to the hole wall, and the second air hole group includes a plurality of inclined holes three arranged along the length direction of the tool body, a gap is formed between the tool body and the hole wall, and the exhaust direction of the inclined holes three flows toward the chip groove along the gap between the tool body and the hole wall.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, during the process of chips being discharged along the chip groove, the chips may enter the gap between the cutter body and the hole wall and get stuck in the gap. When the cutter body rotates, the chips stuck in the gap will scratch the hole wall, causing scratches on the hole wall. The inclined hole three blows air from the gap toward the chip groove, reducing the possibility of chips entering the gap, thereby reducing the possibility of the hole wall being scratched. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a blade with a chip breaker groove in an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of center A.

[0028] Figure 3 It is a partial view of the chip breaker groove in the embodiment of the present application.

[0029] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Sectional view of AA.

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the reamer in the embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic diagram showing the structure of the cooling hole group in the embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the first air hole group and the second air hole group in the embodiment of the present application.

[0033] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection component in an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Description of reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Chip breaker groove; 11. Chip breaker surface; 12. Chip breaker strip; 2. Blade; 21. Front cutting surface; 22. Main cutting edge; 23. Secondary cutting edge; 24. First flank surface of main cutting edge; 25. First flank surface of secondary cutting edge; 3. Reamer; 4. Cutter head; 41. Chip removal groove; 411. First side wall; 412. Second side wall; 413. Transition surface; 414. Cutter groove; 42. First air hole group; 421 , inclined hole one; 422, inclined hole two; 43, second air hole group; 431, inclined hole three; 44, air supply hole; 45, exhaust hole; 5, tool handle; 51, cooling hole group; 511, main cooling hole; 512, side cooling hole; 513, cooling channel; 6, first chip area; 7, second chip area; 8, connecting assembly; 81, joint one; 811, exhaust chamber; 812, air supply chamber; 82, joint two. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following is combined with Figure 1-8 This application is described in further detail.

[0037] The embodiment of the present application discloses a chip breaker groove, which is mainly used to break aluminum chips generated by processing 6 series aluminum alloy. In other application scenarios, the chip breaker groove can also be used to break chips for processing parts made of other materials. Figure 1 and Figure 2The chip breaking groove 1 includes a chip breaking surface 11 and a plurality of parallel chip breaking strips 12, the chip breaking surface 11 is tilted upward along the discharge direction of aluminum chips; the chip breaking strips 12 are in the shape of long strips, and the length direction of the chip breaking strips 12 is perpendicular to the discharge direction of aluminum chips (in other application scenarios, the length direction of the chip breaking strips 12 and the discharge direction of aluminum chips can also be tilted to each other), the cross-section of the chip breaking strips 12 is in the shape of a right triangle, and the hypotenuse of the right triangle is attached to the chip breaking surface 11, the corners of the cross-sectional triangles of two adjacent chip breaking strips 12 are connected, and the plurality of chip breaking strips 12 are evenly distributed in a stepped manner upward along the tilt direction of the chip breaking surface 11, thereby forming a stepped chip breaking groove 1.

[0038] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 After being cut, the aluminum chips are in a spiral shape. As the cutting continues, the aluminum chips move along the inclined direction of the chip breaking surface 11. Since the chip breaking surface 11 is inclined upward, the aluminum chips tend to be squeezed toward the chip breaking surface 11 during the discharge process, and continue to collide with the chip breaking strips 12 at different positions, causing the spiral aluminum chips to break and form debris. The length of the aluminum chips after breaking is 2-3mm, which can reduce the possibility of aluminum chips wrapping around the tool, thereby achieving the effect of reducing the roughness of the cutting surface and reducing tool damage.

[0039] The embodiment of the present application also discloses a blade with a chip breaker groove, which is made of PCD material and is mainly used for processing parts made of 6 series aluminum alloy. In other application scenarios, the blade can also be made of other tool materials, such as ceramics, cemented carbide, etc.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The blade 2 is provided with the above-mentioned chip breaker groove 1, which is cut by the blade 2, that is, the chip breaker strip 12 is integrally provided with the blade 2; the blade 2 includes a rake face 21, a main cutting edge 22, a secondary cutting edge 23, a first flank face 24 of the main cutting edge and a first flank face 25 of the secondary cutting edge, and the secondary cutting edge 23 is an intersection line formed by the first flank face 25 of the secondary cutting edge and the rake face 21; the chip breaker groove 1 is located at the junction of the rake face 21 and the first flank face 24 of the main cutting edge, and the chip breaker The surface 11 extends obliquely from the first flank face 24 of the main cutting edge toward the rake face 21. The main cutting edge 22 is the intersection line of the chip breaking surface 11 and the first flank face 24 of the main cutting edge. The aluminum chips generated by the main cutting edge 22 are perpendicular to the cutting edge and are discharged along the chip breaking groove 1. The chip breaking strip 12 is arranged parallel to the main cutting edge 22, so the discharge direction of the aluminum chips is perpendicular to the chip breaking strip 12. The chip breaking groove 1 can break the aluminum chips generated by the main cutting edge 22, thereby reducing the possibility of the aluminum chips wrapping around the tool.

[0041] Reference Figure 2-4The distance of the chip breaker groove 1 along the aluminum chip discharge direction is the length of the chip breaker groove 1, and the distance along the cutting edge direction is the width of the chip breaker groove 1; the chip breaking surface 11 and the front cutting edge 21 form an angle a, and the angle a is preferably 10-15°. The vertical distance between the main cutting edge 22 and the front cutting edge 21 is d. In this embodiment, d is set to 0.1mm, so that the length of the chip breaker groove 1 can be determined. In other application scenarios, d can select other values ​​according to actual conditions. The first flank face 24 of the main cutting edge and the first flank face 25 of the secondary cutting edge form an angle b, and b is preferably 75°; the two side walls of the chip breaker groove 1 are parallel to each other, the side wall of the chip breaker groove 1 is perpendicular to the main cutting edge 22, and the side wall of the chip breaker groove 1 close to the first flank face 25 of the secondary cutting edge forms an angle c with the first flank face 25 of the secondary cutting edge, and b+c=90°; the spacing between the two side walls of the chip breaker groove 1 is L, L is the width of the chip breaker groove 1, and L is greater than the length of the main cutting edge 22, so that the aluminum chips formed by the cutting of the main cutting edge 22 can fully contact the chip breaker groove 1.

[0042] The present application also discloses a reamer, which is mainly used for reaming holes of parts made of 6 series aluminum alloy. Figure 5 The reamer 3 includes a tool body and the above-mentioned blade 2, the tool body is made of cemented carbide, the tool body includes a tool head 4 and a tool handle 5, the tool head 4 is provided with a chip groove 41, the chip groove 41 includes a first side wall 411, a second side wall 412 and a transition surface 413, the second side wall 412 passes through the tool body axis, the first side wall 411 and the second side wall 412 intersect and the angle between the two is preferably 100°, the transition surface 413 is located on the side of the first side wall 411 and the second side wall 412 close to the tool handle 5, and the debris formed after the aluminum chips are broken can be discharged outward through the chip groove 41.

[0043] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 There are two blades 2, which correspond to the chip grooves 41 one by one. A blade groove 414 is provided on the second side wall 412. The blade 2 is embedded and fixed in the blade groove 414 by brazing. The front cutting surface 21 of the blade 2 is coplanar with the second side wall 412. A cooling hole group 51 is provided on the tool body. The cooling hole group 51 includes a main cooling hole 511 and a side cooling hole 512. The main cooling hole 511 is coaxially arranged to penetrate the tool body. The coolant enters from the end of the main cooling hole 511 close to the tool handle 5. The cooling liquid can be sprayed out from the end of the main cooling hole 511 close to the cutter head 4; the side cooling holes 512 are arranged one by one with the blade 2, one end of the side cooling hole 512 is connected with the main cooling hole 511, and the other end extends in the direction away from the tool handle 5 and passes through the first side wall 411, and the extended line of the axis of the side cooling hole 512 passes through the chip breaker groove 1 and intersects with the main cutting edge 22 of the blade 2. The coolant can be sprayed onto the main cutting edge 22 from the side cooling hole 512, thereby cooling the blade 2 and the processed parts.

[0044] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 The coolant flows from the side cooling hole 512 to the main cutting edge 22 to form a cooling channel 513. The two sides of the cooling channel 513 are respectively the first chip area 6 and the second chip area 7. The first chip area 6 is arranged close to the first side wall 411, and the second chip area 7 is arranged away from the first side wall 411. During the cutting process, the aluminum chips are discharged from the chip breaker groove 1 and broken into fragments. The coolant sprayed from the side cooling hole 512 disperses the fragments on the chip breaker groove 1 into two parts during the spraying process along the cooling channel 513, and is respectively located in the first chip area 6 and the second chip area 7; the chips located in the first chip area 6 need to pass through the cooling channel 513 before they can be discharged outwardly along the chip groove 41. Since the coolant flow rate of the cooling channel 513 is relatively large, in order to facilitate the discharge of the chips from the first chip area 6, a first air hole group 42 is provided in the first chip area 6. The first air hole group 42 is used to provide a force for the chips in the first chip area 6, so that the chips in the first chip area 6 can pass over the cooling channel 513 and fall into the chip groove 41, which is more conducive to the discharge of the chips.

[0045] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 The first air hole group 42 includes an inclined hole 1 421 and an inclined hole 2 422. The inclined hole 1 421 is arranged on the first side wall 411, and the inclined hole 2 422 is arranged on the second side wall 412 at a position away from the tool handle 5. The inclined hole 2 422 is located between the tool groove 414 and the first side wall 411; the inclined hole 2 422 is arranged upwardly and tilted, and a plurality of inclined holes 2 422 are arranged, and the plurality of inclined holes 2 422 are evenly arranged along the length direction of the tool head 4. When the inclined hole 2 422 discharges air, the debris in the second chip area 7 is lifted to the top of the cooling channel 513, and the height is higher than the cooling channel 513. 513, which can make the chips in the second chip zone 7 pass over the cooling channel 513 upward; there are three inclined holes 421, which are evenly arranged in the direction away from the second side wall 412, and the arrangement trajectory of the three inclined holes 421 is inclined toward the direction close to the cooling channel 513, and the air outlet trajectory of the inclined hole 421 close to the second side wall 412 is toward the cooling channel 513 and is higher than the cooling channel 513. The three inclined holes 421 can assist the inclined hole 2 422, so that the raised chips pass over the cooling channel 513 and fall into the second chip zone 7.

[0046] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7Since the edges of the main cutting edge 22 and the secondary cutting edge 23 of the blade 2 are both protruding from the edge of the second side wall 412, there is a gap between the outer cylindrical surface of the cutter head 4 and the wall of the processed hole. When the debris is in the chip groove 41, it is easy to enter the gap and rotate with the cutter head 4. The debris entering the gap will cause secondary scratches on the hole wall, resulting in an increase in the roughness of the hole wall. In order to reduce the occurrence of the above situation, a second air hole group 43 is provided on the cutter head 4. The second air hole group 43 includes a plurality of inclined holes 431. The inclined holes 431 are opened on the outer cylindrical side surface of the cutter head 4, and the air outlet direction is toward the gap between the edge of the second side wall 412 and the hole wall. The plurality of inclined holes 431 are evenly arranged along the length direction of the cutter head 4, and the arrangement trajectory of the plurality of inclined holes 431 extends to the transition surface 413; during the reaming process, the inclined holes 431 discharge air to reduce the possibility of debris entering the gap between the cutter head 4 and the hole wall.

[0047] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7 In order to supply air to the inclined hole 1 421, the inclined hole 2 422 and the inclined hole 3 431, an air supply hole 44 is opened on the cutter body, and the air supply hole 44 corresponds to the chip removal groove 41 one by one. The air supply hole 44 is arranged along the length direction of the cutter body, and is opened at one end close to the cutter handle 5 and closed at one end close to the cutter head 4. Multiple inclined holes 1 421, inclined holes 2 422 and inclined holes 3 431 corresponding to the same chip removal groove 41 are all connected to the air supply hole 44, and the open end of the air supply hole 44 is used for ventilation, so that the inclined holes 1 421, the inclined holes 2 422 and the inclined holes 3 431 can be exhausted.

[0048] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 8 In order to further increase the efficiency of chip discharge, an exhaust hole 45 is opened on the cutter body. The exhaust hole 45 corresponds to the chip groove 41 one by one. The exhaust hole 45 extends along the length direction of the cutter body, and one end is opened by the end face of the handle 5, and the other end penetrates to the transition surface 413; the exhaust hole 45 is aligned with the chip groove 41. During the reaming process, air is drawn outward from the exhaust hole 45, so that the chips are discharged outward along the length direction of the chip groove 41; a filter is provided at one end of the exhaust hole 45 located on the transition surface 413, and the filter is used to prevent chips from entering the exhaust hole 45. The exhaust system for exhausting the exhaust hole 45 can perform exhaust work intermittently. When the exhaust system stops working, the chips near the filter position can fall from the filter, thereby reducing the possibility of excessive debris clogging the filter.

[0049] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 8Since the reamer 3 needs to rotate when in use, in order to facilitate the connection of the air supply hole 44, the exhaust hole 45 and the main cooling hole 511, the main cooling hole 511 is connected to the liquid supply system through a rotary joint to provide coolant; a connecting assembly 8 is provided at the end of the tool handle 5, and the connecting assembly 8 includes a joint 1 81 and a joint 2 82 that are rotatably connected to each other. The joint 1 81 is welded and fixed on the tool handle 5, and the joint 2 82 is fixed on the machine tool. The joint 1 81 rotates with the reamer 3, and the joint 2 82 is in a stationary state when the reamer 3 is working; the joint 1 81 is annular, and the connecting pipe of the main cooling hole 511 passes through the middle of the joint 1 81; the joint 1 81 is a thin-walled structure, and the internal shape There are independent exhaust chamber 811 and air supply chamber 812, both of which are in annular shape, and the exhaust chamber 811 surrounds the outside of the air supply chamber 812; the exhaust chamber 811 is connected with two exhaust holes 45, and the air supply chamber 812 is connected with two air supply holes 44, the second joint 82 has the same structure as the first joint 81, the second joint 82 is rotatably connected with the first joint 81, and the exhaust chambers 811 of the two are connected, and the air supply chambers 812 of the two are also connected, and the air supply chamber 812 is independent of the exhaust chamber 811; the second joint 82 is connected with the air supply chamber 812 corresponding to the air supply chamber 812, and is connected with the exhaust chamber 811 with an exhaust system, so that air supply and exhaust can be realized.

[0050] Reference Figure 5 In this embodiment, since the aluminum chips break after passing through the chip breaker groove 1, and the first air hole group 42 and the second air hole group 43 can reduce the possibility of the chips scratching the hole wall, and at the same time are more conducive to the discharge of the chips, the effect of reducing the roughness of the hole wall is achieved. The surface roughness Ra of the hole after fine processing using the reamer 3 can reach 0.07.

[0051] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A reamer, characterized in that: Comprising a knife body and at least one blade (2), wherein the blade (2) is mounted on the knife body; The blade (2) has a chip breaker groove, the chip breaker groove comprising a chip breaker surface (11) and a plurality of chip breaker strips (12) arranged in parallel on the chip breaker surface (11), the plurality of chip breaker strips (12) being arranged in an upward step shape along the direction of chip discharge, and the length direction of the chip breaker strips (12) being arranged at an angle to the chip discharge direction; The cutter body is provided with a chip groove (41), the chip groove (41) comprising a first side wall (411) and a second side wall (412) arranged to intersect each other, the second side wall (412) is provided with a knife groove (414), the blade (2) is embedded in the knife groove (414), the first side wall (411) is provided with a side cooling hole (512), and the side cooling hole (512) is arranged towards the main cutting edge (22) of the blade (2); A cooling channel (513) is formed between the side cooling hole (512) and the main cutting edge (22), and the two sides of the cooling channel (513) are respectively a first chip zone (6) and a second chip zone (7), wherein the first chip zone (6) is arranged close to the axis of the tool body, and the second chip zone (7) is arranged away from the axis of the tool body; the first chip zone (6) is provided with a first air hole group (42), and the first air hole group (42) is used to allow chips from the first chip zone (6) to pass through the cooling channel (513) and move to the second chip zone (7).

2. The reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first air hole group (42) comprises an inclined hole 1 (421) and an inclined hole 2 (422); the inclined hole 1 (421) is arranged on the first side wall (411); the inclined hole 2 (422) is arranged on the second side wall (412); and both the inclined hole 1 (421) and the inclined hole 2 (422) are arranged towards the cooling channel (513).

3. The reamer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second air hole group (43) is arranged on the side of the cutter body close to the hole wall, and the second air hole group (43) includes a plurality of inclined holes (431) arranged along the length direction of the cutter body, a gap is formed between the cutter body and the hole wall, and the exhaust direction of the inclined holes (431) flows along the gap between the cutter body and the hole wall toward the chip discharge groove (41).

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